211 lines
30 KiB
XML
211 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="DD7393223F797513530F5B066AFECB0E" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222930701754855" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5233552" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629515679161" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="De Villalobos, Cristina, Zanca, Fernanda & Schmidt‐Rhaesa, Andreas" docDate="2007" docId="F11EDC08BB2B1A4DFE3CFD5AD959FD37" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.41.45-48.2775-2788.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 41 (45 - 48)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930701754855" docStyle="DocumentStyle:7E99CF6C63B49250F2A87C3AEDC82D8C.2:JNatHist.2005-2007.journal_article.2cover" docStyleId="7E99CF6C63B49250F2A87C3AEDC82D8C" docStyleName="JNatHist.2005-2007.journal_article.2cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Chordodes tuberculatus Linstow 1901" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="2787" masterDocId="0D27A470BB271A43FF9DFFA3DB32FF90" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genus Chordodes (Gordiida, Nematomorpha) from Africa-III: ultrastructural redescription of Chordodes capensis Camerano, 1895, C. clavatus Linstow, 1906, C. digitatus Linstow, 1901, C. tuberculatus Linstow, 1901, and reinterpretation of C. ibembensis Sciacchitano, 1958 and C. uncinatus Sciacchitano, 1958" masterLastPageNumber="2788" masterPageNumber="2775" pageNumber="2785" updateTime="1699075558335" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="A3A98D51C49B00C89B31F66CBFE90216">Revision of the genus Chordodes (Gordiida, Nematomorpha) from Africa-III: ultrastructural redescription of Chordodes capensis Camerano, 1895, C. clavatus Linstow, 1906, C. digitatus Linstow, 1901, C. tuberculatus Linstow, 1901, and reinterpretation of C. ibembensis Sciacchitano, 1958 and C. uncinatus Sciacchitano, 1958</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FB0836B000929D084FDB2863963B4185">De Villalobos, Cristina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="375E8146B78C2E24A54153D413386C74">Zanca, Fernanda</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EBCFDBD7BF58002A25A323786A132E4C">Schmidt‐Rhaesa, Andreas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="2D74674F5C647B3861A9E4C31061B106">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B53C31600029DCECB0834321423D900E">
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<mods:date id="8D810B90F9B14D8727CE20467C9F2CDF">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="33A7B243E4151FCF0B4E3985EC13CC97">2007-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6F78C2FC5158E7BEEF2A42867187C130">41</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E54C5D7494221422CDCC42890670D766">45 - 48</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="31AD3E95BB2B1A4FFE3CFD5AD8B9FC81" box="[417,907,761,785]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="79086D1EBB2B1A4FFE3CFD5AD8B9FC81" blockId="12.[137,907,761,849]" box="[417,907,761,785]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">
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<heading id="2240DA72BB2B1A4FFE3CFD5AD8B9FC81" box="[417,907,761,785]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="BEB7169DBB2B1A4FFE3CFD5AD8B9FC81" authority="Linstow, 1901" authorityName="Linstow" authorityYear="1901" box="[417,907,761,785]" class="Gordioida" family="Chordodidae" genus="Chordodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gordioidea" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785" phylum="Nematomorpha" rank="species" species="tuberculatus">
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<emphasis id="4BC3B10CBB2B1A4FFE3CFD5AD9EAFC81" bold="true" box="[417,728,761,785]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">Chordodes tuberculatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="1D2610EFBB2B1A4FFD7CFD5AD8B9FC81" author="Linstow O von" box="[737,907,761,785]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785" pagination="409 - 428" refId="ref4842" refString="Linstow O von. 1901. Helminthen von den Ufern des Nyassa-Sees. Jenaische Zeitschrift fur Naturwissenschaften 35: 409 - 428." type="journal article" year="1901">Linstow, 1901</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="31AD3E95BB2B1A4FFDC1FCBAD9FDFCA1" box="[604,719,793,817]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785" type="description">
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<paragraph id="79086D1EBB2B1A4FFDC1FCBAD9FDFCA1" blockId="12.[137,907,761,849]" box="[604,719,793,817]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">
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(
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<figureCitation id="E18C719BBB2B1A4FFDF9FCBAD9F4FCA1" box="[612,710,793,817]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[125,185,1557,1576]" captionTargetBox="[204,1094,116,1522]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[204,1094,116,1522]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Chordodes tuberculatus, holotype. (A–C) Posterior end: (A) general view showing the cloacal opening (c); (B) detail of the cuticle, cloacal opening (c) and bristlefields (arrow) of the terminal end; (C) detail of the bristlefields. (D–F) Midbody cuticle: (D) general view; (E) cuticle with simple (1), tubercle areoles with an eccentric tubercle (2) and clusters of crowned areoles (3); (F) detail of simple (1) and tubercle areoles (2). Scale bars: 50 mm (A, D); 20 mm (B); 10 mm (C, E, F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5233564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5233564/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">Figure 6</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="31AD3E95BB2B1A4FFF14FC9AD830FCC1" box="[137,770,825,849]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="79086D1EBB2B1A4FFF14FC9AD830FCC1" blockId="12.[137,907,761,849]" box="[137,770,825,849]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">
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<treatmentCitation id="F8164B0FBB2B1A4FFF14FC9AD9B2FCC1" author="Linstow O von" box="[137,640,825,849]" page="417" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785" year="1901">
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<taxonomicName id="BEB7169DBB2B1A4FFF14FC9AD9B2FCC1" authority="Linstow 1901, p 417" authorityName="Linstow" authorityPageNumber="417" authorityYear="1901" box="[137,640,825,849]" class="Gordioida" family="Chordodidae" genus="Chordodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gordioidea" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785" phylum="Nematomorpha" rank="species" species="tuberculatus">
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<emphasis id="4BC3B10CBB2B1A4FFF14FC9ADAB0FCC1" box="[137,386,825,849]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">Chordodes tuberculatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="1D2610EFBB2B1A4FFE16FC9AD902FCC1" author="Linstow O von" box="[395,560,825,849]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785" pagination="409 - 428" refId="ref4842" refString="Linstow O von. 1901. Helminthen von den Ufern des Nyassa-Sees. Jenaische Zeitschrift fur Naturwissenschaften 35: 409 - 428." type="journal article" year="1901">Linstow 1901</bibRefCitation>
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, p 417
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, Figure 17.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="31AD3E95BB2B1A4DFF17FC29D959FD37" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="2787" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="79086D1EBB2B1A4FFF17FC29DBDAFC32" blockId="12.[138,232,906,930]" box="[138,232,906,930]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">
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<emphasis id="4BC3B10CBB2B1A4FFF17FC29DBDAFC32" box="[138,232,906,930]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">Material</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="79086D1EBB2B1A4FFF17FC19D84FFC62" blockId="12.[138,1184,954,1010]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">
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<materialsCitation id="C9DF6743BB2B1A4FFF17FC19D84FFC62" collectionCode="ZMB" country="Tanzania" elevation="160" location="lake Nyassa" municipality="Langenburg" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="A60CD3BCBB2B1A4FFF17FC19DBC8FC42" box="[138,250,954,978]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: 1
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<emphasis id="4BC3B10CBB2B1A4FFE83FC18DA02FC42" box="[286,304,955,978]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">„</emphasis>
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from
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<collectingCountry id="01A02D8EBB2B1A4FFE16FC19DAC8FC42" box="[395,506,954,978]" name="Tanzania" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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, lake
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<collectingCountry id="01A02D8EBB2B1A4FFDCDFC19D994FC42" box="[592,678,954,978]" name="Malawi" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">Malawi</collectingCountry>
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(original location as
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<location id="7C683BC5BB2B1A4FFC5EFC19DF6AFC42" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F11EDC08BB2B1A4DFE3CFD5AD959FD37:7C683BC5BB2B1A4FFC5EFC19DF6AFC42" box="[963,1112,954,978]" country="Tanzania" municipality="Langenburg" name="lake Nyassa" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">lake Nyassa</location>
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, near
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<collectingMunicipality id="996CF764BB2B1A4FFF17FC79DA2BFC62" box="[138,281,986,1010]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">Langenburg</collectingMunicipality>
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) (collected at
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<quantity id="BE4FC0FBBB2B1A4FFE5FFC79D938FC62" box="[450,522,986,1010]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785" unit="m" value="160.0">
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<elevation id="F29A8A2DBB2B1A4FFE5FFC79D938FC62" box="[450,522,986,1010]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785" unit="m" value="160.0">160 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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altitude) (
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||
<collectionCode id="1FA6F5DBBB2B1A4FFD1BFC79D9F5FC62" box="[646,711,986,1010]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785" type="Museum">ZMB</collectionCode>
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Vermes 4021).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="79086D1EBB2B1A4FFF17FBB8D885FBA3" blockId="12.[138,951,1051,1075]" box="[138,951,1051,1075]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">
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<emphasis id="4BC3B10CBB2B1A4FFF17FBB8DA53FBA3" box="[138,353,1051,1075]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="A60CD3BCBB2B1A4FFEF3FBB8DAEFFBA3" box="[366,477,1051,1075]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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, SEM from midbody and posterior end.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="79086D1EBB2B1A4FFF17FBCFDB8EFB13" blockId="12.[138,188,1132,1155]" box="[138,188,1132,1155]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">
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<emphasis id="4BC3B10CBB2B1A4FFF17FBCFDB8EFB13" box="[138,188,1132,1155]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">Host</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="79086D1EBB2B1A4FFF17FB3FDA34FB24" blockId="12.[138,262,1180,1204]" box="[138,262,1180,1204]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">Unknown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="79086D1EBB2B1A4FFF17FB4EDA31FA95" blockId="12.[138,259,1261,1285]" box="[138,259,1261,1285]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">
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<emphasis id="4BC3B10CBB2B1A4FFF17FB4EDA31FA95" box="[138,259,1261,1285]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">Description</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="79086D1EBB2B1A4FFF17FABED97CF9A4" blockId="12.[138,1185,1309,1685]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">
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||
The body colour is medium brown with numerous darker brown patches all over the body (‘‘leopard pattern’’; see
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<bibRefCitation id="1D2610EFBB2B1A4FFE39FA9ED9DDFAC5" author="Schmidt-Rhaesa A & Hanelt B & Reeves W" box="[420,751,1341,1365]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785" pagination="77 - 117" refId="ref4941" refString="Schmidt-Rhaesa A, Hanelt B, Reeves W. 2003. Redescription and compilation of Neartic freshwater Nematomorpha (Gordiida), with the description of two new species. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 153: 77 - 117." type="journal article" year="2003">Schmidt-Rhaesa et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
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). Measurement of the body length is
|
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<quantity id="BE4FC0FBBB2B1A4FFF17FAFEDBDBFAE5" box="[138,233,1373,1397]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785" unit="mm" value="195.0">195 mm</quantity>
|
||
and the diameter is
|
||
<quantity id="BE4FC0FBBB2B1A4FFE7FFAFED97EFAE5" box="[482,588,1373,1397]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785" unit="mm" value="0.48">0.48 mm</quantity>
|
||
. The posterior end (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E18C719BBB2B1A4FFCDCFAFED885FAE5" box="[833,951,1373,1397]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[125,185,1557,1576]" captionTargetBox="[204,1094,116,1522]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[204,1094,116,1522]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Chordodes tuberculatus, holotype. (A–C) Posterior end: (A) general view showing the cloacal opening (c); (B) detail of the cuticle, cloacal opening (c) and bristlefields (arrow) of the terminal end; (C) detail of the bristlefields. (D–F) Midbody cuticle: (D) general view; (E) cuticle with simple (1), tubercle areoles with an eccentric tubercle (2) and clusters of crowned areoles (3); (F) detail of simple (1) and tubercle areoles (2). Scale bars: 50 mm (A, D); 20 mm (B); 10 mm (C, E, F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5233564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5233564/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">Figure 6A</figureCitation>
|
||
) is round and wide (
|
||
<quantity id="BE4FC0FBBB2B1A4FFF0EFADEDBC2FA05" box="[147,240,1405,1429]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.23" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785" unit="mm" value="223.0">223 mm</quantity>
|
||
). The cloacal opening (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E18C719BBB2B1A4FFE62FADED9A4FA05" box="[511,662,1405,1429]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[125,185,1557,1576]" captionTargetBox="[204,1094,116,1522]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[204,1094,116,1522]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Chordodes tuberculatus, holotype. (A–C) Posterior end: (A) general view showing the cloacal opening (c); (B) detail of the cuticle, cloacal opening (c) and bristlefields (arrow) of the terminal end; (C) detail of the bristlefields. (D–F) Midbody cuticle: (D) general view; (E) cuticle with simple (1), tubercle areoles with an eccentric tubercle (2) and clusters of crowned areoles (3); (F) detail of simple (1) and tubercle areoles (2). Scale bars: 50 mm (A, D); 20 mm (B); 10 mm (C, E, F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5233564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5233564/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">Figure 6A, B</figureCitation>
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||
) is slit-like (
|
||
<quantity id="BE4FC0FBBB2B1A4FFCB9FADED8B6FA05" box="[804,900,1405,1429]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.31" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785" unit="mm" value="73.1">73.1 mm</quantity>
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||
long) and is surrounded by slender spines (circumcloacal spines). The cloacal opening is situated ventrally at
|
||
<quantity id="BE4FC0FBBB2B1A4FFF17FA1EDBC5FA45" box="[138,247,1469,1493]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.269" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785" unit="mm" value="126.9">126.9 mm</quantity>
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distance from the posterior margin of the body. Around the cloacal opening, the cuticle is smooth and structured by fine furrows into irregularly shaped compartments. Lateral to the cloacal opening are two rows of bristles called bristlefields (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E18C719BBB2B1A4FFC69FA5EDFA0F985" box="[1012,1170,1533,1557]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[125,185,1557,1576]" captionTargetBox="[204,1094,116,1522]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[204,1094,116,1522]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Chordodes tuberculatus, holotype. (A–C) Posterior end: (A) general view showing the cloacal opening (c); (B) detail of the cuticle, cloacal opening (c) and bristlefields (arrow) of the terminal end; (C) detail of the bristlefields. (D–F) Midbody cuticle: (D) general view; (E) cuticle with simple (1), tubercle areoles with an eccentric tubercle (2) and clusters of crowned areoles (3); (F) detail of simple (1) and tubercle areoles (2). Scale bars: 50 mm (A, D); 20 mm (B); 10 mm (C, E, F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5233564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5233564/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">Figure 6A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The bristlefields are up to
|
||
<quantity id="BE4FC0FBBB2B1A4FFE5EF9BFD939F9A4" box="[451,523,1564,1588]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785" unit="mm" value="77.0">77 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="79086D1EBB2B1A4DFF38F99EDFBBFF71" blockId="12.[138,1185,1309,1685]" lastBlockId="14.[138,1185,137,225]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="2787" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">
|
||
The body cuticle contains three areolar
|
||
<typeStatus id="A60CD3BCBB2B1A4FFDEEF99ED99CF9C5" box="[627,686,1597,1621]" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">types</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="E18C719BBB2B1A4FFD23F99ED868F9C5" box="[702,858,1597,1621]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[125,185,1557,1576]" captionTargetBox="[204,1094,116,1522]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[204,1094,116,1522]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Chordodes tuberculatus, holotype. (A–C) Posterior end: (A) general view showing the cloacal opening (c); (B) detail of the cuticle, cloacal opening (c) and bristlefields (arrow) of the terminal end; (C) detail of the bristlefields. (D–F) Midbody cuticle: (D) general view; (E) cuticle with simple (1), tubercle areoles with an eccentric tubercle (2) and clusters of crowned areoles (3); (F) detail of simple (1) and tubercle areoles (2). Scale bars: 50 mm (A, D); 20 mm (B); 10 mm (C, E, F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5233564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5233564/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">Figure 6D–F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Simple areoles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E18C719BBB2B1A4FFBBBF99EDBAFF9E5" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[125,185,1557,1576]" captionTargetBox="[204,1094,116,1522]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[204,1094,116,1522]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Chordodes tuberculatus, holotype. (A–C) Posterior end: (A) general view showing the cloacal opening (c); (B) detail of the cuticle, cloacal opening (c) and bristlefields (arrow) of the terminal end; (C) detail of the bristlefields. (D–F) Midbody cuticle: (D) general view; (E) cuticle with simple (1), tubercle areoles with an eccentric tubercle (2) and clusters of crowned areoles (3); (F) detail of simple (1) and tubercle areoles (2). Scale bars: 50 mm (A, D); 20 mm (B); 10 mm (C, E, F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5233564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5233564/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785">Figure 6E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
) are rounded or oval, low (
|
||
<quantity id="BE4FC0FBBB2B1A4FFE42F9FED902F9E5" box="[479,560,1629,1653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" pageId="12" pageNumber="2785" unit="mm" value="9.1">9.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
high), and have a surface covered with short bristles. Scattered among these areoles are tubercle areoles that carry an eccentric finger-like tubercle (
|
||
<quantity id="BE4FC0FBBB291A4DFF61FF2ADA6EFF31" box="[252,348,137,161]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.09" pageId="14" pageNumber="2787" unit="mm" value="10.9">10.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long). The most prominent
|
||
<typeStatus id="A60CD3BCBB291A4DFD23FF2AD9DDFF31" box="[702,751,137,161]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2787">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of areole is elevated (
|
||
<quantity id="BE4FC0FBBB291A4DFC62FF2ADF93FF31" box="[1023,1185,137,161]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6149999999999998" metricValueMax="1.78" metricValueMin="1.45" pageId="14" pageNumber="2787" unit="mm" value="16.15" valueMax="17.8" valueMin="14.5">14.5–17.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
high) with several short apical filaments (crowned areoles) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E18C719BBB291A4DFCADFF0AD8FEFF51" box="[816,972,169,193]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[125,185,1557,1576]" captionTargetBox="[204,1094,116,1522]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[204,1094,116,1522]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Chordodes tuberculatus, holotype. (A–C) Posterior end: (A) general view showing the cloacal opening (c); (B) detail of the cuticle, cloacal opening (c) and bristlefields (arrow) of the terminal end; (C) detail of the bristlefields. (D–F) Midbody cuticle: (D) general view; (E) cuticle with simple (1), tubercle areoles with an eccentric tubercle (2) and clusters of crowned areoles (3); (F) detail of simple (1) and tubercle areoles (2). Scale bars: 50 mm (A, D); 20 mm (B); 10 mm (C, E, F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5233564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5233564/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="2787">Figure 6D–F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Crowned areoles appear clustered in groups very close together or more or less isolated from each other.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="2DC83D96BB2A1A4EFFE0F9B6D97BF903" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5233564" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5233564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5233564/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="2786" startId="13.[125,185,1557,1576]" targetBox="[204,1094,116,1522]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="79086D1EBB2A1A4EFFE0F9B6D97BF903" blockId="13.[125,1172,1557,1683]" pageId="13" pageNumber="2786">
|
||
Figure 6.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEB7169DBB2A1A4EFF41F9B6DA93F9B8" authorityName="Linstow" authorityYear="1901" box="[220,417,1557,1576]" class="Gordioida" family="Chordodidae" genus="Chordodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gordioidea" pageId="13" pageNumber="2786" phylum="Nematomorpha" rank="species" species="tuberculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BC3B10CBB2A1A4EFF41F9B6DA93F9B8" box="[220,417,1557,1576]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="2786">Chordodes tuberculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, holotype. (A–C) Posterior end: (A) general view showing the cloacal opening (c); (B) detail of the cuticle, cloacal opening (c) and bristlefields (arrow) of the terminal end; (C) detail of the bristlefields. (D–F) Midbody cuticle: (D) general view; (E) cuticle with simple (1), tubercle areoles with an eccentric tubercle (2) and clusters of crowned areoles (3); (F) detail of simple (1) and tubercle areoles (2). Scale bars: 50 mm (A, D); 20 mm (B); 10 mm (C, E, F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="79086D1EBB291A4DFF17FEB9DBC9FEA2" blockId="14.[138,251,282,306]" box="[138,251,282,306]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2787">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BC3B10CBB291A4DFF17FEB9DBC9FEA2" box="[138,251,282,306]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="2787">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="79086D1EBB291A4DFF17FEE8D959FD37" blockId="14.[138,1185,331,679]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2787">
|
||
In the original description,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1D2610EFBB291A4DFE58FEE8D948FEF3" author="Linstow O von" box="[453,634,331,355]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2787" pagination="409 - 428" refId="ref4842" refString="Linstow O von. 1901. Helminthen von den Ufern des Nyassa-Sees. Jenaische Zeitschrift fur Naturwissenschaften 35: 409 - 428." type="journal article" year="1901">Linstow (1901)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered the
|
||
<typeStatus id="A60CD3BCBB291A4DFCAFFEE8D8A4FEF3" box="[818,918,331,355]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2787" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEB7169DBB291A4DFC26FEE8DF6DFEF3" authorityName="Linstow" authorityYear="1901" box="[955,1119,331,355]" class="Gordioida" family="Chordodidae" genus="Chordodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gordioidea" pageId="14" pageNumber="2787" phylum="Nematomorpha" rank="species" species="tuberculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BC3B10CBB291A4DFC26FEE8DF6DFEF3" box="[955,1119,331,355]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="2787">C. tuberculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be female, but reinvestigation reveals it to be male (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="E18C719BBB291A4DFD6BFEC8D86AFE13" box="[758,856,363,387]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[125,185,1557,1576]" captionTargetBox="[204,1094,116,1522]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[204,1094,116,1522]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Chordodes tuberculatus, holotype. (A–C) Posterior end: (A) general view showing the cloacal opening (c); (B) detail of the cuticle, cloacal opening (c) and bristlefields (arrow) of the terminal end; (C) detail of the bristlefields. (D–F) Midbody cuticle: (D) general view; (E) cuticle with simple (1), tubercle areoles with an eccentric tubercle (2) and clusters of crowned areoles (3); (F) detail of simple (1) and tubercle areoles (2). Scale bars: 50 mm (A, D); 20 mm (B); 10 mm (C, E, F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5233564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5233564/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="2787">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is possible that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1D2610EFBB291A4DFBDEFEC8DBEBFE34" author="Linstow O von" pageId="14" pageNumber="2787" pagination="409 - 428" refId="ref4842" refString="Linstow O von. 1901. Helminthen von den Ufern des Nyassa-Sees. Jenaische Zeitschrift fur Naturwissenschaften 35: 409 - 428." type="journal article" year="1901">Linstow (1901)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
erroneously determined the
|
||
<typeStatus id="A60CD3BCBB291A4DFDB5FE2FD9BEFE34" box="[552,652,396,420]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2787" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
as female due to the fact that it is unusual for males to have the posterior end round and wide.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1D2610EFBB291A4DFD5AFE0FD84EFE54" author="Linstow O von" box="[711,892,428,452]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2787" pagination="409 - 428" refId="ref4842" refString="Linstow O von. 1901. Helminthen von den Ufern des Nyassa-Sees. Jenaische Zeitschrift fur Naturwissenschaften 35: 409 - 428." type="journal article" year="1901">Linstow (1901)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the cuticule of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BEB7169DBB291A4DFF17FE6EDA04FE75" authorityName="Linstow" authorityYear="1901" box="[138,310,461,485]" class="Gordioida" family="Chordodidae" genus="Chordodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gordioidea" pageId="14" pageNumber="2787" phylum="Nematomorpha" rank="species" species="tuberculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BC3B10CBB291A4DFF17FE6EDA04FE75" box="[138,310,461,485]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="2787">C. tuberculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with four areolar types. The first areolar type described by Linstow corresponds to the simple areoles described here. The areoles described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1D2610EFBB291A4DFC70FE4EDF93FD95" author="Linstow O von" box="[1005,1185,493,517]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2787" pagination="409 - 428" refId="ref4842" refString="Linstow O von. 1901. Helminthen von den Ufern des Nyassa-Sees. Jenaische Zeitschrift fur Naturwissenschaften 35: 409 - 428." type="journal article" year="1901">Linstow (1901)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as types 2 and 3 are considered to crowned areoles, while his type 4 corresponds to tubercle areoles.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1D2610EFBB291A4DFF75FD8DDA88FDD6" author="Camerano L" box="[232,442,558,582]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2787" pagination="1 - 66" refId="ref4722" refString="Camerano L. 1915. Revisione dei Gordii. Memoire delle Reale Accademia delle Science di Torino 66: 1 - 66." type="journal article" year="1915">Camerano (1915)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, on the basis of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1D2610EFBB291A4DFDECFD8DD805FDD6" author="Linstow O von" box="[625,823,558,582]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2787" pagination="409 - 428" refId="ref4842" refString="Linstow O von. 1901. Helminthen von den Ufern des Nyassa-Sees. Jenaische Zeitschrift fur Naturwissenschaften 35: 409 - 428." type="journal article" year="1901">Linstow’s (1901)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
figures, stated that the elevated type 2 and 3 areoles are arranged in groups, corresponding with the dark spots of the cuticle. Present observations agree with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1D2610EFBB291A4DFDF9FDCCD80BFD17" author="Camerano L" box="[612,825,623,647]" pageId="14" pageNumber="2787" pagination="1 - 66" refId="ref4722" refString="Camerano L. 1915. Revisione dei Gordii. Memoire delle Reale Accademia delle Science di Torino 66: 1 - 66." type="journal article" year="1915">Camerano (1915)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, numerous groups of crowned areoles are visualized as superficial spots.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |