422 lines
52 KiB
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422 lines
52 KiB
XML
<document id="DA56FA2B39E5C2775B68A31C7062F19B" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.1887.1.1" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5133869" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1627159130724" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Mendes, Humberto Fonseca & Andersen, Trond" docDate="2008" docId="5C31878AFFEAFFD86AADFAFE5623A785" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01887p075.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1887 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1887.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleId="C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Antillocladius Saether 1981" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="A008FFF2FFFAFFCA6A3AFFBC5729A47F" masterDocTitle="A review of Antillocladius Saether and Litocladius Mendes, Andersen et Saether, with the description of two new Neotropical genera (Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae)" masterLastPageNumber="75" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1699021915548" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="983B15C2A4DF05755EE545C9753D7197">A review of Antillocladius Saether and Litocladius Mendes, Andersen et Saether, with the description of two new Neotropical genera (Diptera, Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="136308F8A53BB230C5D1270A3DA7D720">Mendes, Humberto Fonseca</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1ED74246C1B8BD2AB381F9A2B6E6812D">Andersen, Trond</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="5BF1DAB154F534F6BA71E4A34A050154">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="FA7E53577E97CB498F3A90C06C710140">
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<mods:date id="193007A704BC3A5618CBAD7BD4A55359">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B5B1F678DA8BAA3F4811C64E5CAE6821">2008-09-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B0F90CCF78E3874D7447B326737F350B">1887</mods:number>
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<treatment id="5C31878AFFEAFFD86AADFAFE5623A785" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5134478" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5134478" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5C31878AFFEAFFD86AADFAFE5623A785" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5C31878AFFEAFFD86AADFAFE5623A785" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<heading id="8F6F81F0FFEAFFDA6AADFAFE5689A123" bold="true" box="[151,416,1346,1372]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA6AADFAFE5689A123" ID-CoL="XMH" authority="Saether" authorityName="Saether" authorityYear="1981" box="[151,416,1346,1372]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6AADFAFE5689A123" bold="true" box="[151,416,1346,1372]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6AADFAFE5669A123" bold="true" box="[151,320,1346,1372]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Antillocladius</emphasis>
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Saether
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="9C826517FFEAFFDA6AADFA315426A1BB" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="D427369CFFEAFFDA6AADFA315426A1BB" blockId="16.[151,1435,1421,1476]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<treatmentCitation id="5539108DFFEAFFDA6AADFA3156CCA1DB" author="Saether, O. A." box="[151,485,1421,1444]" page="4" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1981">
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<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA6AADFA3156CCA1DB" ID-CoL="XMH" authority="Saether, 1981: 4" authorityName="Saether" authorityPageNumber="4" authorityYear="1981" box="[151,485,1421,1444]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6AADFA315604A1DB" box="[151,301,1421,1444]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Antillocladius</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA6B0FFA3156CCA1DB" author="Saether, O. A." box="[309,485,1421,1444]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 46" refId="ref40564" refString="Saether, O. A. (1981) Orthocladiinae (Chironomidae: Diptera) from the British West Indies with descriptions of Antillocladius gen. n., Lipurometriocmemus gen. n., Compterosmittia gen. n. and Diplosmittia gen. n. Entomologica scandinavica, Supplement, 16, 1 - 46." type="journal article" year="1981">Saether, 1981: 4</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="5539108DFFEAFFDA6BC9FA315436A1DB" author="Coffman, W. P. & Cranston, P. S. & Oliver, D. R. & Saether, O. A." box="[499,799,1421,1444]" page="160" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1986">
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<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA6BC9FA315436A1DB" author="Coffman, W. P. & Cranston, P. S. & Oliver, D. R. & Saether, O. A." box="[499,799,1421,1444]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="147 - 298" refId="ref39582" refString="Coffman, W. P., Cranston, P. S., Oliver, D. R. & Saether, O. A. (1986) The pupae of Orthocladiinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the Holarctic region. Keys and diagnoses. In: Wiederholm, T. (Ed.), Chironomidae of the Holarctic region. Keys and diagnoses. Part 2. Pupae. Entomologica scandinavica, Supplement, 28, 147 - 298." type="journal article" year="1986">
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Coffman
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<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6861FA3155BDA1DB" box="[603,660,1421,1444]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
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(1986: 160)
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="5539108DFFEAFFDA6917FA315372A1DB" author="Cranston, P. S. & Oliver, D. R. & Saether, O. A." box="[813,1115,1421,1444]" page="157" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1983">
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<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA6917FA315372A1DB" author="Cranston, P. S. & Oliver, D. R. & Saether, O. A." box="[813,1115,1421,1444]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="149 - 291" refId="ref39779" refString="Cranston, P. S., Oliver, D. R. & Saether, O. A. (1983) The larvae of Orthocladiinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the Holarctic region. Keys and diagnoses. In: Wiederholm, T. (Ed.), Chironomidae of the Holarctic region. Keys and diagnoses. Part 1. Larvae. Entomologica scandinavica, Supplement, 19, 149 - 291." type="journal article" year="1983">
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Cranston
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<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA69ADFA3154E6A1DB" box="[919,975,1421,1444]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
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(1983: 157)
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="5539108DFFEAFFDA6E53FA3152BEA1DB" author="Cranston, P. S. & Oliver, D. R. & Saether, O. A." box="[1129,1431,1421,1444]" page="176" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1989">
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<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA6E53FA3152BEA1DB" author="Cranston, P. S. & Oliver, D. R. & Saether, O. A." box="[1129,1431,1421,1444]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="165 - 352" refId="ref39857" refString="Cranston, P. S., Oliver, D. R. & Saether, O. A. (1989) The adult males of Orthocladiinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the Holarctic region. Keys and diagnoses. In: Wiederholm, T. (Ed.), Chironomidae of the Holarctic region. Keys and diagnoses. Part 3. Adult males. Entomologica scandinavica, Supplement, 34, 165 - 352." type="journal article" year="1989">
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Cranston
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<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6EE9FA315225A1DB" box="[1235,1292,1421,1444]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
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(1989: 176)
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="5539108DFFEAFFDA6AFDFA1156A6A1BB" author="Saether, O. A." box="[199,399,1453,1476]" page="471" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1982">
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<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA6AFDFA1156A6A1BB" author="Saether, O. A." box="[199,399,1453,1476]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="465 - 510" refId="ref40621" refString="Saether, O. A. (1982) Orthocladiinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) from SE U. S. A., with descriptions of Plhudsonia, Unniella and Platysmittia n. genera and Atelopodella n. subgen. Entomologica scandinavica, 13, 465 - 510." type="journal article" year="1982">Saether (1982: 471</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="5539108DFFEAFFDA6BA0FA1156C0A1BB" author="Saether, O. A." box="[410,489,1453,1476]" page="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="1984">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA6BA0FA1156C0A1BB" author="Saether, O. A." box="[410,489,1453,1476]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref40671" refString="Saether, O. A. (1984) The immatures of Antillocladius Saether, 1981 (Diptera: Chironomidae). Aquatic Insects, 6, 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1984">1984: 1</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="5539108DFFEAFFDA683BFA115422A1BB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3500996" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3500996" author="Mendes, H. F. & Andersen, T. & Saether, O. A." box="[513,779,1453,1476]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D487DAFFEDD2730F6775208C25921F" page="27" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" year="2004">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA683BFA115422A1BB" author="Mendes, H. F. & Andersen, T. & Saether, O. A." box="[513,779,1453,1476]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 82" refId="ref40236" refString="Mendes, H. F., Andersen, T. & Saether, O. A. (2004) A review of Antillocladius Saether, 1981; Compterosmittia Saether, 1981 and Litocladius new genus (Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae). Zootaxa, 594, 1 - 82." type="journal article" year="2004">
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||
Mendes
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||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6866FA1155A5A1BB" box="[604,652,1453,1476]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al</emphasis>
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. (2004: 27)
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9C826517FFEAFFD86AADFA495623A785" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="D427369CFFEAFFDA6AADFA495318A270" blockId="16.[151,1436,1525,2031]" box="[151,1073,1525,1551]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6AADFA495612A270" bold="true" box="[151,315,1525,1551]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<typeStatus id="0B23883EFFEAFFDA6AADFA4957FDA270" box="[151,212,1525,1551]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA6B79FA495426A270" ID-CoL="67JJF" authority="Saether, 1981" authorityName="Saether" authorityYear="1981" box="[323,783,1525,1551]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antecalvus">
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<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6B79FA495542A271" box="[323,619,1525,1550]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Antillocladius antecalvus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA6849FA495426A270" author="Saether, O. A." box="[627,783,1525,1551]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 46" refId="ref40564" refString="Saether, O. A. (1981) Orthocladiinae (Chironomidae: Diptera) from the British West Indies with descriptions of Antillocladius gen. n., Lipurometriocmemus gen. n., Compterosmittia gen. n. and Diplosmittia gen. n. Entomologica scandinavica, Supplement, 16, 1 - 46." type="journal article" year="1981">Saether, 1981</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, by original designation.
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="D427369CFFEAFFDA6AFFF9A15422A308" blockId="16.[151,1436,1525,2031]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6AFFF9A156C3A248" bold="true" box="[197,490,1565,1591]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Other included species:</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA6BC8F9A15434A248" ID-CoL="5VJJL" authority="Saether, 1982" authorityName="Saether" authorityYear="1982" box="[498,797,1565,1591]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuatus">
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||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6BC8F9A15551A249" box="[498,632,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. arcuatus</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA68BAF9A15434A248" author="Saether, O. A." box="[640,797,1565,1591]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="465 - 510" refId="ref40621" refString="Saether, O. A. (1982) Orthocladiinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) from SE U. S. A., with descriptions of Plhudsonia, Unniella and Platysmittia n. genera and Atelopodella n. subgen. Entomologica scandinavica, 13, 465 - 510." type="journal article" year="1982">Saether, 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA6913F9A154B4A249" ID-CoL="67JJL" authority="Mendes & Andersen, 2008" authorityName="Mendes & Andersen" authorityYear="2008" box="[809,925,1565,1590]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atalaia" status="sp. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6913F9A154B4A249" box="[809,925,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. atalaia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FDDF57F5FFEAFFDA699FF9A154CEA248" box="[933,999,1565,1591]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA69CEF9A15355A249" ID-CoL="5VJJK" authority="Mendes & Andersen, 2008" authorityName="Mendes & Andersen" authorityYear="2008" box="[1012,1148,1565,1590]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="axitiosus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA69CEF9A15355A249" box="[1012,1148,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. axitiosus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FDDF57F5FFEAFFDA6EBEF9A153EFA248" box="[1156,1222,1565,1591]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA6EE9F9A156E7A220" ID-CoL="67JJK" authority="Mendes, Andersen et Saether, 2004" authorityName="Mendes, Andersen et Saether" authorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biota">
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||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6EE9F9A15219A249" box="[1235,1328,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. biota</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA6F02F9A156E7A220" author="Mendes, H. F. & Andersen, T. & Saether, O. A." pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 82" refId="ref40236" refString="Mendes, H. F., Andersen, T. & Saether, O. A. (2004) A review of Antillocladius Saether, 1981; Compterosmittia Saether, 1981 and Litocladius new genus (Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae). Zootaxa, 594, 1 - 82." type="journal article" year="2004">
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||
Mendes, Andersen
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6B2AF9F9560CA221" box="[272,293,1605,1630]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et</emphasis>
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Saether, 2004
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</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA6BE6F9F95574A221" ID-CoL="5VJJJ" authority="Mendes & Andersen, 2008" authorityName="Mendes & Andersen" authorityYear="2008" box="[476,605,1605,1630]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brazuca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6BE6F9F95574A221" box="[476,605,1605,1630]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. brazuca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FDDF57F5FFEAFFDA685DF9F95583A220" box="[615,682,1605,1631]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA6883F9F95218A220" ID-CoL="67JJJ" authority="Mendes, Andersen et Saether, 2004" authorityName="Mendes, Andersen et Saether" authorityYear="2004" box="[697,1329,1605,1631]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calakmulensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6883F9F954ABA221" box="[697,898,1605,1630]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. calakmulensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA69B6F9F95218A220" author="Mendes, H. F. & Andersen, T. & Saether, O. A." box="[908,1329,1605,1631]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 82" refId="ref40236" refString="Mendes, H. F., Andersen, T. & Saether, O. A. (2004) A review of Antillocladius Saether, 1981; Compterosmittia Saether, 1981 and Litocladius new genus (Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae). Zootaxa, 594, 1 - 82." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Mendes, Andersen
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6E49F9F953A1A221" box="[1139,1160,1605,1630]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et</emphasis>
|
||
Saether, 2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA6F05F9F957C1A2F9" ID-CoL="5VJJP" authority="Mendes & Andersen, 2008" authorityName="Mendes & Andersen" authorityYear="2008" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="campususp" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6F05F9F957C1A2F9" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. campususp</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FDDF57F5FFEAFFDA6ACAF9D15618A2F8" box="[240,305,1645,1671]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA6B04F9D1546DA2F8" ID-CoL="67JJP" authority="Mendes, Andersen et Saether, 2004" authorityName="Mendes, Andersen et Saether" authorityYear="2004" box="[318,836,1645,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="folius">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6B04F9D156B6A2F9" box="[318,415,1645,1670]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. folius</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA6B9DF9D1546DA2F8" author="Mendes, H. F. & Andersen, T. & Saether, O. A." box="[423,836,1645,1671]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 82" refId="ref40236" refString="Mendes, H. F., Andersen, T. & Saether, O. A. (2004) A review of Antillocladius Saether, 1981; Compterosmittia Saether, 1981 and Litocladius new genus (Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae). Zootaxa, 594, 1 - 82." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Mendes, Andersen
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA68B0F9D155B6A2F9" box="[650,671,1645,1670]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et</emphasis>
|
||
Saether, 2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA696AF9D154F2A2F9" ID-CoL="5VJJN" authority="Mendes & Andersen, 2008" authorityName="Mendes & Andersen" authorityYear="2008" box="[848,987,1645,1670]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gephyrus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA696AF9D154F2A2F9" box="[848,987,1645,1670]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. gephyrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FDDF57F5FFEAFFDA69D9F9D1530CA2F8" box="[995,1061,1645,1671]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA6E08F9D15656A2D0" ID-CoL="67JJN" authority="Mendes, Andersen et Saether, 2004" authorityName="Mendes, Andersen et Saether" authorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="herradurus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6E08F9D153FFA2F9" box="[1074,1238,1645,1670]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. herradurus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA6EE7F9D15656A2D0" author="Mendes, H. F. & Andersen, T. & Saether, O. A." pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 82" refId="ref40236" refString="Mendes, H. F., Andersen, T. & Saether, O. A. (2004) A review of Antillocladius Saether, 1981; Compterosmittia Saether, 1981 and Litocladius new genus (Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae). Zootaxa, 594, 1 - 82." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Mendes, Andersen
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6AFFF92957F3A2D1" box="[197,218,1685,1710]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et</emphasis>
|
||
Saether, 2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA6BB6F92954BFA2D0" ID-CoL="5VJJM" authority="Mendes, Andersen et Saether, 2004" authorityName="Mendes, Andersen et Saether" authorityYear="2004" box="[396,918,1685,1711]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="musci">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6BB6F92956D8A2D1" box="[396,497,1685,1710]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. musci</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA6BC3F92954BFA2D0" author="Mendes, H. F. & Andersen, T. & Saether, O. A." box="[505,918,1685,1711]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 82" refId="ref40236" refString="Mendes, H. F., Andersen, T. & Saether, O. A. (2004) A review of Antillocladius Saether, 1981; Compterosmittia Saether, 1981 and Litocladius new genus (Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae). Zootaxa, 594, 1 - 82." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Mendes, Andersen
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA68E6F92955D8A2D1" box="[732,753,1685,1710]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et</emphasis>
|
||
Saether, 2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA6999F92953C0A2D0" ID-CoL="5VJL6" authority="Saether, 1982" authorityName="Saether" authorityYear="1982" box="[931,1257,1685,1711]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pluspilalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6999F929536DA2D1" box="[931,1092,1685,1710]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. pluspilalus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA6E76F92953C0A2D0" author="Saether, O. A." box="[1100,1257,1685,1711]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="465 - 510" refId="ref40621" refString="Saether, O. A. (1982) Orthocladiinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) from SE U. S. A., with descriptions of Plhudsonia, Unniella and Platysmittia n. genera and Atelopodella n. subgen. Entomologica scandinavica, 13, 465 - 510." type="journal article" year="1982">Saether, 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA6ECFF929525AA2D1" ID-CoL="67JJM" authority="Mendes & Andersen, 2008" authorityName="Mendes & Andersen" authorityYear="2008" box="[1269,1395,1685,1710]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plicatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6ECFF929525AA2D1" box="[1269,1395,1685,1710]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. plicatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FDDF57F5FFEAFFDA6F41F9295786A2A8" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA6AFAF90155A3A2A8" ID-CoL="67JL6" authority="Wang et Saether, 1993" authorityName="Wang et Saether" authorityYear="1993" box="[192,650,1725,1751]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scalpellatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6AFAF9015659A2A9" box="[192,368,1725,1750]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. scalpellatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA6B41F90155A3A2A8" author="Wang, X. & Saether, O. A." box="[379,650,1725,1751]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="227 - 230" refId="ref41273" refString="Wang, X. & Saether, O. A. (1993) First Palaearctic and Oriental records of the orthoclad genus Antillocladius Saether (Diptera: Chironomidae). Entomologica scandinavica, 24, 227 - 230." type="journal article" year="1993">
|
||
Wang
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6BF3F90156F7A2A9" box="[457,478,1725,1750]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et</emphasis>
|
||
Saether, 1993
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA68A3F90153C7A2A8" ID-CoL="5VJKT" authority="Andersen et Contreras-Ramos, 1999" authorityName="Andersen et Contreras-Ramos" authorityYear="1999" box="[665,1262,1725,1751]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="skartveiti">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA68A3F9015402A2A9" box="[665,811,1725,1750]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. skartveiti</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA690FF90153C7A2A8" author="Andersen, T. & Contreras-Ramos, A." box="[821,1262,1725,1751]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="149 - 154" refId="ref39107" refString="Andersen, T. & Contreras-Ramos, A. (1999) First record of Antillocladius Saether from Continental South America (Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungarica, 45, 149 - 154." type="journal article" year="1999">
|
||
Andersen
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA698AF90154ECA2A9" box="[944,965,1725,1750]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et</emphasis>
|
||
Contreras-Ramos, 1999
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA6EC7F9015511A280" ID-CoL="5VJL5" authority="Mendes, Andersen et Saether, 2004" authorityName="Mendes, Andersen et Saether" authorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sooretama">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6EC7F90152B2A2A9" box="[1277,1435,1725,1750]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. sooretama</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA6AADF9595511A280" author="Mendes, H. F. & Andersen, T. & Saether, O. A." box="[151,568,1765,1791]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 82" refId="ref40236" refString="Mendes, H. F., Andersen, T. & Saether, O. A. (2004) A review of Antillocladius Saether, 1981; Compterosmittia Saether, 1981 and Litocladius new genus (Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae). Zootaxa, 594, 1 - 82." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Mendes, Andersen
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6B46F95956B8A281" box="[380,401,1765,1790]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et</emphasis>
|
||
Saether, 2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA687FF959537CA280" ID-CoL="4D39J" authority="(Sinharay et Chaudhuri, 1979)" authorityName="Mendes & Andersen" authorityYear="2008" baseAuthorityName="Sinharay et Chaudhuri" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[581,1109,1765,1791]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Parametriocnemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subnubilus" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA687FF95955CCA281" box="[581,741,1765,1790]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. subnubilus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA68CCF9595367A280" author="Sinharay, D. C. & Chaudhuri, P. K." box="[758,1102,1765,1791]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="119 - 123" refId="ref40875" refString="Sinharay, D. C. & Chaudhuri, P. K. (1979) A study of Orthocladiinae. Genus Parametriocnemus Goetghebuer from India (Diptera: Chironomidae). Entomologica scandinavica, Supplement, 10, 119 - 123." type="journal article" year="1979">
|
||
Sinharay
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6952F9595454A281" box="[872,893,1765,1790]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et</emphasis>
|
||
Chaudhuri, 1979
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FDDF57F5FFEAFFDA6E64F95953E1A280" box="[1118,1224,1765,1791]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA6EECF959568DA358" ID-CoL="9HSJ4" authority="(Sasa et Suzuki, 1995)" baseAuthorityName="Sasa et Suzuki" baseAuthorityYear="1995" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tokarameneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6EECF95952B2A281" box="[1238,1435,1765,1790]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. tokarameneus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA6AA5F8B156B2A358" author="Sasa, M. & Suzuki, H." box="[159,411,1805,1831]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="255 - 288" refId="ref40386" refString="Sasa, M. & Suzuki, H. (1995) The chironomid species collected on the Tokara Islands, Kagoshima (Diptera). Japanese Journal of Sanitary Zoology, 46, 255 - 288." type="journal article" year="1995">
|
||
Sasa
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6AE4F8B157DAA359" box="[222,243,1805,1830]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et</emphasis>
|
||
Suzuki, 1995
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA6B8AF8B154F0A358" ID-CoL="67JKT" authority="Mendes, Andersen et Saether, 2004" authorityName="Mendes, Andersen et Saether" authorityYear="2004" box="[432,985,1805,1831]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ubatuba">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6B8AF8B1551BA359" box="[432,562,1805,1830]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. ubatuba</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA6800F8B154F0A358" author="Mendes, H. F. & Andersen, T. & Saether, O. A." box="[570,985,1805,1831]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 82" refId="ref40236" refString="Mendes, H. F., Andersen, T. & Saether, O. A. (2004) A review of Antillocladius Saether, 1981; Compterosmittia Saether, 1981 and Litocladius new genus (Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae). Zootaxa, 594, 1 - 82." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Mendes, Andersen
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6924F8B1541AA359" box="[798,819,1805,1830]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et</emphasis>
|
||
Saether, 2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA69DFF8B15374A359" ID-CoL="67JL5" authority="Mendes & Andersen, 2008" authorityName="Mendes & Andersen" authorityYear="2008" box="[997,1117,1805,1830]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ultimus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA69DFF8B15374A359" box="[997,1117,1805,1830]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. ultimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FDDF57F5FFEAFFDA6E5FF8B1538EA358" box="[1125,1191,1805,1831]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA6E8EF8B15511A330" ID-CoL="5VJKS" authority="Mendes, Andersen et Saether, 2004" authorityName="Mendes, Andersen et Saether" authorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venequatoriensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6E8EF8B152B5A359" box="[1204,1436,1805,1830]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. venequatoriensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA6AADF8895511A330" author="Mendes, H. F. & Andersen, T. & Saether, O. A." box="[151,568,1845,1871]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 82" refId="ref40236" refString="Mendes, H. F., Andersen, T. & Saether, O. A. (2004) A review of Antillocladius Saether, 1981; Compterosmittia Saether, 1981 and Litocladius new genus (Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae). Zootaxa, 594, 1 - 82." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Mendes, Andersen
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6B46F88956B8A331" box="[380,401,1845,1870]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et</emphasis>
|
||
Saether, 2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA687FF88954C2A330" ID-CoL="9HWZ9" authority="(Sasa et Suzuki, 2000)" baseAuthorityName="Sasa et Suzuki" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[581,1003,1845,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yakyijeus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA687FF88955FDA331" box="[581,724,1845,1870]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. yakyijeus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA68DFF88954CAA330" author="Sasa, M. & Suzuki, H." box="[741,995,1845,1871]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="53 - 134" refId="ref40424" refString="Sasa, M. & Suzuki, H. (2000) Studies on the chironomid midges collected on Yakushima Island, Southwestern Japan. Tropical Medicine, 42, 53 - 134." type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||
Sasa
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA691EF8895410A331" box="[804,825,1845,1870]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et</emphasis>
|
||
Suzuki, 2000
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA69C2F8895679A308" ID-CoL="5VJL4" authority="Mendes, Andersen et Saether, 2004" authorityName="Mendes, Andersen et Saether" authorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zempoalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA69C2F889539FA331" box="[1016,1206,1845,1870]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. zempoalensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA6E85F8895679A308" author="Mendes, H. F. & Andersen, T. & Saether, O. A." pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 82" refId="ref40236" refString="Mendes, H. F., Andersen, T. & Saether, O. A. (2004) A review of Antillocladius Saether, 1981; Compterosmittia Saether, 1981 and Litocladius new genus (Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae). Zootaxa, 594, 1 - 82." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Mendes, Andersen
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6AADF8E15785A309" box="[151,172,1885,1910]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et</emphasis>
|
||
Saether, 2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFEAFFDA6BB4F8E1542EA308" ID-CoL="67JKS" authority="Wang et Saether, 1993" authorityName="Wang et Saether" authorityYear="1993" box="[398,775,1885,1911]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Antillocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhengi">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6BB4F8E156D3A309" box="[398,506,1885,1910]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. zhengi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B0094B6DFFEAFFDA6838F8E1542EA308" author="Wang, X. & Saether, O. A." box="[514,775,1885,1911]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="227 - 230" refId="ref41273" refString="Wang, X. & Saether, O. A. (1993) First Palaearctic and Oriental records of the orthoclad genus Antillocladius Saether (Diptera: Chironomidae). Entomologica scandinavica, 24, 227 - 230." type="journal article" year="1993">
|
||
Wang
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6877F8E1554BA309" box="[589,610,1885,1910]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et</emphasis>
|
||
Saether, 1993
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D427369CFFEAFFDB6AFFF83956F3A52D" blockId="16.[151,1436,1525,2031]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1436,152,2029]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEAFFDA6AFFF83956F7A3E0" bold="true" box="[197,478,1925,1951]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Diagnostic characters:</emphasis>
|
||
The males can be separated from other orthoclads by the following combination of characters: scalpellate acrostichals at least in the middle of scutum (some simple anterior acrostichals may occur) combined with a moderately to extremely long anal point with lateral setae; virga present or absent, but lateral lamellae never present. All known females and several males have setae apically on the wing membrane. The combination of absence of thoracic horn and presence of thorn-like macrosetae will separate the pupae from other genera. The larva is distinguished by a palmate S I; pecten epipharyngis divided into about 8–12 teeth; anal segment protruding over posterior parapods; and anal setae absent or perhaps reduced to single seta on minute tubercle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D427369CFFEBFFDB6AFCFEE35687A506" blockId="17.[151,1436,152,2029]" box="[198,430,351,377]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEBFFDB6AFCFEE35687A506" bold="true" box="[198,430,351,377]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Generic diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D427369CFFEBFFDB6AFCFE3B54EAA5DD" blockId="17.[151,1436,152,2029]" box="[198,963,391,418]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEBFFDB6AFCFE3B5634A5DE" bold="true" box="[198,285,391,417]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Imago.</emphasis>
|
||
Small to medium sized species, wing length 0.8–2.3 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D427369CFFEBFFDB6AFFFE0C53F3A58D" blockId="17.[151,1436,152,2029]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEBFFDB6AFFFE0C5607A5B6" box="[197,302,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Antenna.</emphasis>
|
||
Female antenna with 5 flagellomeres. Male antenna with 13 flagellomeres, groove beginning at flagellomere 3, sensilla chaetica on flagellomeres 2, 3 and 13. Male antennal ratio 0.50–1.70.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D427369CFFEBFFDB6AFFFDBC5379A615" blockId="17.[151,1436,152,2029]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEBFFDB6AFFFDBC5625A666" box="[197,268,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Head.</emphasis>
|
||
Eye naked, with or without minute pubescence between ommatidia, without dorsomedian extension. Temporal setae divided into weak inner verticals, stronger outer verticals, postorbitals absent or few. Third palpomere with about 3 sensilla clavata subapically, longest
|
||
<quantity id="13609B79FFEBFFDB699EFDEC5327A615" box="[932,1038,592,618]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="15.5" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="8.0">8–23 µm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D427369CFFEBFFDB6AFFFDC45795A775" blockId="17.[151,1436,152,2029]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEBFFDB6AFFFDC45608A6EE" box="[197,289,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Thorax.</emphasis>
|
||
Antepronotum well developed, lobes meeting medially along short suture. Acrostichals, short, all scalpellate or anterior few simple, beginning close to antepronotum, some distance from antepronotum or in the middle of scutum, situated lateral of median suture; prealars uniserial; supraalar(s) 0–2; scutellars uniserial.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D427369CFFEBFFDB6AFFFCA456FCA07A" blockId="17.[151,1436,152,2029]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEBFFDB6AFFFCA45620A74E" box="[197,265,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Wing.</emphasis>
|
||
Anal lobe protruding to absent. Costal extension moderately to strongly developed, 1/2 to 4 times the length of RM. R
|
||
<subScript id="481C34D9FFEBFFDB6BBBFCEC56B3A721" attach="left" box="[385,410,848,862]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">2+3</subScript>
|
||
running and ending midway between R
|
||
<subScript id="481C34D9FFEBFFDB6957FCEC545CA721" attach="left" box="[877,885,848,862]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">1</subScript>
|
||
and R
|
||
<subScript id="481C34D9FFEBFFDB69FBFCEC54F0A721" attach="left" box="[961,985,848,862]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">4+5</subScript>
|
||
; R ending opposite or slightly distal to M
|
||
<subScript id="481C34D9FFEBFFDB6AF5FCC757C1A7F6" attach="left" box="[207,232,891,905]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">3+4</subScript>
|
||
; FCu far distal to RM; Cu
|
||
<subScript id="481C34D9FFEBFFDB6824FCC7550FA7F6" attach="left" box="[542,550,891,905]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">1</subScript>
|
||
straight to slightly sinuous; An ending proximal to FCu. Veins bare or with setae on R, R
|
||
<subScript id="481C34D9FFEBFFDB6B0DFC195616A7CC" attach="left" box="[311,319,933,947]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">1</subScript>
|
||
, R
|
||
<subScript id="481C34D9FFEBFFDB6B59FC195654A7CC" attach="right" box="[355,381,933,947]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">4+5</subScript>
|
||
, M
|
||
<subScript id="481C34D9FFEBFFDB6B9CFC195696A7CC" attach="left" box="[422,447,933,947]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">1+2</subScript>
|
||
, M
|
||
<subScript id="481C34D9FFEBFFDB6BD0FC19552AA7CC" attach="right" box="[490,515,933,947]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">3+4</subScript>
|
||
, Cu, Cu
|
||
<subScript id="481C34D9FFEBFFDB685DFC195546A7CC" attach="left" box="[615,623,933,947]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">1</subScript>
|
||
and An. Membrane with apical setae in female; male without setae, with few weak setae apically in cell r
|
||
<subScript id="481C34D9FFEBFFDB686EFC6D5544A7A0" attach="left" box="[596,621,977,991]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">4+5</subScript>
|
||
, or with numerous setae apically in cells r
|
||
<subScript id="481C34D9FFEBFFDB6E52FC6D53ABA7A0" attach="left" box="[1128,1154,977,991]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">4+5</subScript>
|
||
, m
|
||
<subScript id="481C34D9FFEBFFDB6E92FC6D53E8A7A0" attach="left" box="[1192,1217,977,991]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">1+2</subScript>
|
||
and m
|
||
<subScript id="481C34D9FFEBFFDB6F2EFC6D5207A7A0" attach="left" box="[1300,1326,977,991]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">3+4</subScript>
|
||
. Squama bare or with up to 15 setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D427369CFFEBFFDB69C7FCEC533CA721" blockId="17.[151,1436,152,2029]" box="[1021,1045,848,862]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<subScript id="481C34D9FFEBFFDB69C7FCEC533CA721" attach="left" box="[1021,1045,848,862]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">4+5</subScript>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D427369CFFEBFFDB6AFFFBA856A0A02A" blockId="17.[151,1436,152,2029]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEBFFDB6AFFFBA8562DA052" box="[197,260,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Legs.</emphasis>
|
||
Pseudospurs, sensilla chaetica and pulvilli lacking. Comb and tibial spurs normal. Spurs smooth or with small denticles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D427369CFFEBFFDB6AFFFBD8543CA002" blockId="17.[151,1436,152,2029]" box="[197,789,1123,1149]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEBFFDB6AFFFBD85612A002" box="[197,315,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Tergites with irregularly arranged setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D427369CFFEBFFDB6AFFFB305640A19A" blockId="17.[151,1436,152,2029]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEBFFDB6AFFFB30568BA0DA" box="[197,418,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Male hypopygium.</emphasis>
|
||
Anal point long, pointed, with strong lateral setae, with microtrichia only at base or nearly to apex. Phallapodeme and aedeagal lobe well developed. Anterior margin of sternapodeme nearly straight to strongly arcuate, oral projections barely indicated to strongly developed. Virga absent or consisting of 2–6 spines of variable size. Inferior volsella highly variable; simple and rounded or triangular; with anterior dorsal triangular or digitiform part and a more rounded ventral, posterior part; with microtrichia-free, digitiform anterior projection and long rounded, low to prominent posterior lobe; consisting of a posteriomedially directed, apically simple or bifid lobe; or circular with or without additional rounded posterior extension and conspicuously set off. Gonostylus with or without heel; crista dorsalis absent to rounded and well developed. Megaseta normal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D427369CFFEBFFDB6AFFFA485659A2AA" blockId="17.[151,1436,152,2029]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEBFFDB6AFFFA4856BFA272" box="[197,406,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Female genitalia.</emphasis>
|
||
Gonocoxapodemes curved and meeting anterior of vagina. Gonocoxite relatively well developed, with few long setae and additional short setae. Tergite IX divided or undivided with setae concentrated to lateral halves. Gonapophysis IX with large ventrolateral lobe covering apodeme lobe and apex of narrow, line-like dorsomesal lobe. Labia relatively large, pointed. Cerci small. Seminal capsules small to medium-sized, circular, with triangular neck. Spermathecal ducts with bends or loops, with weak bulbs before separate openings.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D427369CFFEBFFDB6AFFF95F5441A282" blockId="17.[151,1436,152,2029]" box="[197,872,1763,1789]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEBFFDB6AFFF95F5624A282" bold="true" box="[197,269,1763,1789]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Pupa.</emphasis>
|
||
Small to medium sized, total length 2.0 to 3.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D427369CFFEBFFDB6AFFF8B05430A3E2" blockId="17.[151,1436,152,2029]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEBFFDB6AFFF8B05655A35A" box="[197,380,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Cephalothorax.</emphasis>
|
||
Frontal setae absent. Frontal apotome smooth. Antennal sheath with or without pearl row above pedicel. Ocular field with 2 reduced postorbitals. Thoracic horn absent. Three weak precorneals situated in row or narrow triangle. Apparently 2 median and 0–1 lateral antepronotals. Dorsocentrals very small, in two groups of two. Thorax and wing sheath smooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D427369CFFEBFFD86AFFF8105435A505" blockId="17.[151,1436,152,2029]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1436,152,1018]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFEBFFDB6AFFF8105612A3BA" box="[197,315,1964,1989]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Tergite I without shagreen; tergites II–VIII covered with coarse shagreen except along anterior margin; tergite IX with strong shagreen except along anterior and posterior margins. Sternites I and II bare; sternite III with median and lateral shagreen; sternites IV–VI with slightly more extensive median and lateral shagreen; sternites VII and VIII with extensive shagreen; sternite IX with anterolateral shagreen. Tergite II without posterior hooklets. Tergites II–VII or VIII with posterior row of weak spines. Conjunctives bare. Pedes spurii A and B absent. Apophyses weak, nearly straight. Segment II–VIII with 2 weak, hair-like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFE8FFD86FB0FEAC57FCA52D" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Lopescladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">L setae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Anal lobe with 3 thorn-like macrosetae, sometimes laterally expanded; male genital sac overreaching anal lobe, female genital sac not reaching apex of lobe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D427369CFFE8FFD86AFFFE3B5425A5DD" blockId="18.[151,1436,152,1018]" box="[197,780,391,418]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFE8FFD86AFFFE3B5631A5DE" bold="true" box="[197,280,391,417]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Larva.</emphasis>
|
||
Small to medium sized, 3.0–3.3 mm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D427369CFFE8FFD86AFFFE0C527DA74D" blockId="18.[151,1436,152,1018]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFE8FFD86AFFFE0C5625A5B6" box="[197,268,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Head.</emphasis>
|
||
Antenna 5-segmented, less than half as long as mandible, last 3 segments short. Blade as long as or longer than flagellum, striated. Lauterborn organs absent, style large. S I nearly palmate with 5–6 teeth, one of them usually larger. Other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13984D1FFFE8FFD86BEFFDBC5501A665" box="[469,552,512,538]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Lopescladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setae">S setae</taxonomicName>
|
||
normal. No discernible labral lamellae. Pecten epipharyngis of 8–12 teeth (each of the normal 3 scales divided into 2–5 teeth). Chaetulae laterales simple, 3 strong and sclerotized, 4–5 weak, pointed and unsclerotized. Chaetulae basales simple or bifid. Mandible with apical tooth shorter than the combined widths of 4 inner teeth, fourth tooth sometimes joined to mola. Seta subdentalis triangular. Seta interna slender, composed of 4–5 nearly smooth to strongly serrated branches. Mentum with large, irregular triangular, sometimes medially notched median tooth higher than 5 pairs of lateral teeth, fourth pair smaller than fifth and apparently occasionally completely reduced. Ventromental plates small, visible only below 3 outermost teeth, no beard. Maxilla without pecten galearis, lacinial chaeta reduced to rounded lamellae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D427369CFFE8FFD86AFFFCFC5623A785" blockId="18.[151,1436,152,1018]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6ECEA8EFFE8FFD86AFFFCFC5612A726" box="[197,315,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Without distinct setae. Anterior parapods fused for most of their lengths, with groups of minute claws and some longer mostly smooth claws. Procercus apparently absent, but a vestigial tubercle with one short seta may represent procercus at least in some species. Anal tubules shorter than half the length of posterior parapods (shape not clear in any available material). Posterior parapods well developed, with strong apical claws.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |