610 lines
75 KiB
XML
610 lines
75 KiB
XML
<document id="F5676374D8D4737625B7AF321B429010" ID-CLB-Dataset="32250" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4312.3.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bb554045-284a-4bcc-bb52-4c7cf5a84bf5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="858366" ID-ZooBank="Ad5B0Bbc-6376-43C7-834A-C58215D954F8" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1504182920316" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dong, Qingang" docDate="2017" docId="4510ED7AFF94FFF162DEFA1DFAE5F693" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4312.3.9.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4312 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Xylococcus castanopsis Dong 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="555" masterDocId="B9299502FF95FFF96249FFD5FFF9F376" masterDocTitle="First records of the family Xylococcidae (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) in China, with description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="556" masterPageNumber="547" pageNumber="548" updateTime="1698467585129" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="A3912F44E20CFF1DDCA631F74DD724DC" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="484ADB0FAAA6062E4AC7F6450D26BC4F">
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<mods:title id="F84C7D5C8B830D47501E1B0847200CD8">First records of the family Xylococcidae (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) in China, with description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="D76BCEED75831B5A89D70BC77982DC9A" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="780D6892B9B04221DA2203F1C2B06BD0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="992F3FE59DB69EE5D62A16B1E46EF039">Dong, Qingang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="225ED449E416A5BD0504076BCB01D0E3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="5586B1FD11B4115C195250D2A3FB5C5C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="870DC9FD09C0577B05966813EEBE70E5">
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<mods:date id="FCBA21C3C172C2EFBFEAB7EF449E0429">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="B201BDE2DCCEEE91000712898D0EA67D" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="0E029CFAA6E052A2F7198EFFD1630997">2017-08-30</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="E67EA54A891A47E028CC29A6869FF0FF" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="81D3270A6DA32791F1D6C52EB874195A">4312</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="CAF110A865D5D59CEC03305F80FADB48" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="9684C923146ACB0A9030DF5782AC6BC9">3</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="B5882D3A431540DA8D05F6AF6C2AF594">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="31786DC353518D703E96186BE9770663" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4312.3.8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C49BAB058FF990E91359EBBE4D5B8096" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DB0B2442866AA66B3D8213FF709AC79B" type="Zenodo-Dep">858366</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="4510ED7AFF94FFF162DEFA1DFAE5F693" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6022440" ID-GBIF-Taxon="133100073" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6022440" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4510ED7AFF94FFF162DEFA1DFAE5F693" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4510ED7AFF94FFF162DEFA1DFAE5F693" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="555" pageId="1" pageNumber="548">
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<subSubSection id="85A30FE7FF94FFF862DEFA1DFD34F695" box="[151,717,1480,1507]" pageId="1" pageNumber="548" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF94FFF862DEFA1DFD34F695" blockId="1.[151,717,1480,1507]" box="[151,717,1480,1507]" pageId="1" pageNumber="548">
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<heading id="964EEB00FF94FFF862DEFA1DFD34F695" bold="true" box="[151,717,1480,1507]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="548" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF94FFF862DEFA1DFD34F695" bold="true" box="[151,717,1480,1507]" pageId="1" pageNumber="548">
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<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF94FFF862DEFA1DFD9AF695" authority="Wu & Huang" authorityName="Dong" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,611,1480,1507]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanopsis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF94FFF862DEFA1DFE48F694" bold="true" box="[151,433,1480,1506]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="548">Xylococcus castanopsis</emphasis>
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Wu & Huang
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="E4FE3D05FF94FFF86039FA1CFD34F695" box="[624,717,1481,1507]" pageId="1" pageNumber="548" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="85A30FE7FF94FFF862DEF9DAFB99F5AB" pageId="1" pageNumber="548" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF94FFF862DEF9DAFB99F5AB" blockId="1.[151,1437,1551,2009]" pageId="1" pageNumber="548">
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<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF94FFF862DEF9DAFE00F55E" bold="true" box="[151,505,1551,1576]" pageId="1" pageNumber="548">
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Material examined.
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<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF94FFF863C1F9DAFE09F55E" bold="true" box="[392,496,1551,1576]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="548">Holotype</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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adult female, on a Slide together with a paratype, holotype on left and paratype on right, Tianluhu ForeSt Park [23.22148° N, 113.4204° E;
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<quantity id="0A41F189FF94FFF8617FF9E1FC43F53A" box="[822,954,1588,1612]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="548" unit="m" value="190.0" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="180.0">180–200 m</quantity>
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alt.], Huangpu DiStrict, GuangZhou city, Guangdong Province, P. R. China, under bark of
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<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF94FFF86082F98DFCADF519" box="[715,852,1624,1647]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="548">Castanopsis</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF94FFF86114F98DFBEEF506" box="[861,1047,1624,1648]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Conifericoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissa">
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<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF94FFF86114F98DFC69F506" box="[861,912,1624,1648]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="548">fissa</emphasis>
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(Fagaceae)
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</taxonomicName>
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, coll. Shaobin Huang,
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<date id="B9077AACFF94FFF86754F982FA60F506" box="[1309,1433,1623,1648]" pageId="1" pageNumber="548" value="2016-11-27">27.xi.2016</date>
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.
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<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF94FFF862DEF9A9FEE8F5E3" bold="true" box="[151,273,1660,1685]" pageId="1" pageNumber="548">
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<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF94FFF862DEF9A9FEF0F5E5" bold="true" box="[151,265,1660,1683]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="548">Paratypes</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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9 adult femaleS on 6 SlideS, 17 pre-adult femaleS on 4 SlideS and 13 firSt-inStar nymphS on 2 SlideS, Same data aS holotype except collection dateS: 3 adult femaleS and 3 pre-adult femaleS coll.
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<date id="B9077AACFF94FFF86621F94AFB1AF5CE" box="[1128,1251,1695,1720]" pageId="1" pageNumber="548" value="2016-11-27">27.xi.2016</date>
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; 6 adult femaleS and 14 pre-adult femaleS coll.
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<date id="B9077AACFF94FFF863A2F911FD97F5AB" box="[491,622,1732,1757]" pageId="1" pageNumber="548" value="2006-12-24">24.xii.2006</date>
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; and firSt-inStar nymphS all killed
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<date id="B9077AACFF94FFF861A7F911FBA5F5AB" box="[1006,1116,1732,1757]" pageId="1" pageNumber="548" value="2017-01-27">27.i.2017</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="85A30FE7FF94FFF8628EF932FDD9F43E" pageId="1" pageNumber="548" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF94FFF8628EF932FDF1F453" blockId="1.[151,1437,1551,2009]" pageId="1" pageNumber="548">
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<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF94FFF8628EF932FEB7F476" bold="true" box="[199,334,1767,1792]" pageId="1" pageNumber="548">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The SpecieS name
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<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF94FFF8606BF93DFD5CF589" authorityName="Dong" authorityYear="2017" box="[546,677,1768,1791]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanopsis">
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<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF94FFF8606BF93DFD5CF589" box="[546,677,1768,1791]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="548">castanopsis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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iS a noun in appoSition, referring to the hoSt plant
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<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF94FFF86690F93DFA65F476" box="[1241,1436,1768,1792]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="548">
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Castanopsis
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<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF94FFF86720F93DFA65F476" box="[1385,1436,1768,1792]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Conifericoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissa">fissa</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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on which the inSectS were found.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF94FFF8628EF8FAFDD9F43E" blockId="1.[151,1437,1551,2009]" box="[199,544,1839,1864]" pageId="1" pageNumber="548">
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Adult female (
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<figureCitation id="558240E9FF94FFF86321F8FAFE37F43E" box="[360,462,1839,1864]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[227,1360,193,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[227,1360,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Habit photographs. Xylococcus castanopsis sp. nov. Adult female, (1) dorsal view and (2) ventral view. Preadult female and its wax secretions, (3) with wax intact and (4) with ventral part of wax test removed. First-instar nymphs, showing wax secretions: (5) newly hatched and (6) older. Adult female, (7) producing eggs under her ventral surface, and (8) projecting her abdominal segments out of the bark cavity." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/858368/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="548">FigS 1, 2</figureCitation>
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, and 9)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="85A30FE7FF94FFFF628EF886FA93F186" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="553" pageId="1" pageNumber="548" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF94FFF8628EF886FE71F4AF" blockId="1.[151,1437,1551,2009]" pageId="1" pageNumber="548">
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||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF94FFF8628EF886FE44F41A" bold="true" box="[199,445,1875,1900]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="548">Unmounted material.</emphasis>
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Body of live adult female ovoid to elongate ovoid, broadeSt at thorax, up to
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<quantity id="0A41F189FF94FFF86746F881FA9DF41A" box="[1295,1380,1876,1901]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="548" unit="mm" value="7.6">7.6 mm</quantity>
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||
long and
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||
<quantity id="0A41F189FF94FFF86280F8A2FEDBF4F9" box="[201,290,1911,1936]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="548" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
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wide, reddiSh, with powdery white wax around vulva and each Spiracular opening, and with SemitranSlucent wax teSt covering almoSt entire body except anal area. Wax teSt probably Secreted by adult female, preadult female, or both.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="99C60CE4FF97FFFB62DEF8AFFD27F49B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/858368/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="549" targetBox="[227,1360,193,1893]" targetPageId="2">
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||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF97FFFB62DEF8AFFD27F49B" blockId="2.[151,1436,1914,2029]" pageId="2" pageNumber="549">
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<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF97FFFB62DEF8AFFEC2F4E6" bold="true" box="[151,315,1914,1937]" pageId="2" pageNumber="549">FIGURES 1–8.</emphasis>
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Habit photographs.
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<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF97FFFB6044F8AEFD07F4E7" authority="Dong, 2017" authorityName="Dong" authorityYear="2017" box="[525,766,1915,1937]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="549" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanopsis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF97FFFB6044F8AEFD07F4E7" box="[525,766,1915,1937]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="549">Xylococcus castanopsis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="E4FE3D05FF97FFFB614CF8AEFCAEF4E6" box="[773,855,1915,1936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="549" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF97FFFB614CF8AEFCAEF4E6" bold="true" box="[773,855,1915,1936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="549">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Adult female, (1) dorsal view and (2) ventral view. Preadult female and its wax secretions, (3) with wax intact and (4) with ventral part of wax test removed. First-instar nymphs, showing wax secretions: (5) newly hatched and (6) older. Adult female, (7) producing eggs under her ventral surface, and (8) projecting her abdominal segments out of the bark cavity.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="99C60CE4FF96FFFA62DEF886FD54F4D0" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/858370/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="550" targetBox="[159,1402,212,1806]" targetPageId="3">
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||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF96FFFA62DEF886FD54F4D0" blockId="3.[151,1436,1875,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="550">
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<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF96FFFA62DEF886FEEAF41E" bold="true" box="[151,275,1875,1897]" pageId="3" pageNumber="550">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
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Morphology of adult female of
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<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF96FFFA6029F886FCA9F41F" authority="Dong, 2017" authorityName="Dong" authorityYear="2017" box="[608,848,1875,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="550" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanopsis" status="sp. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF96FFFA6029F886FCA9F41F" box="[608,848,1875,1897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="550">Xylococcus castanopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E4FE3D05FF96FFFA6111F881FC50F41F" box="[856,937,1876,1897]" pageId="3" pageNumber="550" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF96FFFA6111F881FC50F41F" bold="true" box="[856,937,1876,1897]" pageId="3" pageNumber="550">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
(A) antenna; (B) large simple pore; (C) thoracic spiracle; (D) multilocular pore with bilocular center; (E) multilocular pore; (F) seta on abdomen; (G) anal tube; (H) small simple pore; (I) abdominal spiracle; (J) seta on head.
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</paragraph>
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||
</caption>
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||
<caption id="99C60CE4FF91FFFD62DEF8F6FA82F400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/858372/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="551" targetBox="[196,1379,207,1767]" targetPageId="4">
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||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF91FFFD62DEF8F6FA82F400" blockId="4.[151,1436,1827,1910]" pageId="4" pageNumber="551">
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||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF91FFFD62DEF8F6FEDBF44E" bold="true" box="[151,290,1827,1849]" pageId="4" pageNumber="551">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
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Morphology of pre-adult female of
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||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF91FFFD60EDF8F6FC6FF44F" authority="Dong, 2017" authorityName="Dong" authorityYear="2017" box="[676,918,1827,1849]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="551" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanopsis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF91FFFD60EDF8F6FC6FF44F" box="[676,918,1827,1849]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="551">Xylococcus castanopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E4FE3D05FF91FFFD61E9F8F6FC0DF44E" box="[928,1012,1827,1848]" pageId="4" pageNumber="551" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF91FFFD61E9F8F6FC0DF44E" bold="true" box="[928,1012,1827,1848]" pageId="4" pageNumber="551">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
(A) antenna; (B) large simple pore; (C) thoracic spiracle; (D) small simple pore; (E) invaginated bilocular pores; (F) Pergande’s “brownish organ”; (G) multilocular pore with bilocular center; (H) seta on abdomen; (I) anal tube and adjacent region; (J) abdominal spiracle; (K) seta on head.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="99C60CE4FF90FFFC62DEF8ACFE05F485" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/858374/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="552" targetBox="[245,1367,252,1799]" targetPageId="5">
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||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF90FFFC62DEF8ACFE05F485" blockId="5.[151,1436,1913,2035]" pageId="5" pageNumber="552">
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<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF90FFFC62DEF8ACFEE7F4F8" bold="true" box="[151,286,1913,1935]" pageId="5" pageNumber="552">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
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Morphology of first-instar nymph of
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<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF90FFFC60D2F8ACFC73F4F9" authority="Dong, 2017" authorityName="Dong" authorityYear="2017" box="[667,906,1913,1935]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="552" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanopsis" status="sp. nov.">
|
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<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF90FFFC60D2F8ACFC73F4F9" box="[667,906,1913,1935]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="552">Xylococcus castanopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E4FE3D05FF90FFFC61D9F8AFFC19F4F9" box="[912,992,1914,1935]" pageId="5" pageNumber="552" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF90FFFC61D9F8AFFC19F4F9" bold="true" box="[912,992,1914,1935]" pageId="5" pageNumber="552">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(A) antenna; (B) thoracic spiracle; (C) hind claw; (D) single ventral cicatrix; (E) multilocular pore; (F) seta on dorsal abdomen and ventral margin; (G) anal tube; (H) invaginated quadralocular pore; (I) small simple pore; (J) abdominal spiracle; (K) large simple pore; (L) spinules on derm; (M) seta on head; (N) papillae on derm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF93FFFF628EFF42FE93F16E" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF93FFFF628EFF42FE24F3C6" bold="true" box="[199,477,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF93FFFF628EFF42FE2FF3C6" bold="true" box="[199,470,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">Slide-mounted material</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Body of young adult female ovoid,
|
||
<quantity id="0A41F189FF93FFFF613BFF42FC00F3D9" box="[882,1017,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="553" unit="mm" value="3.7" valueMax="3.9" valueMin="3.5">3.5–3.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="0A41F189FF93FFFF6676FF42FB3FF3D9" box="[1087,1222,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="553" unit="mm" value="2.7" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="2.6">2.6–2.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="1202E2CEFF93FFFF6773FF42FA65F3C6" box="[1338,1436,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="553" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<quantity id="0A41F189FF93FFFF62DEFF69FF1CF3A3" box="[151,229,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="553" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="0A41F189FF93FFFF631EFF69FE5FF3A2" box="[343,422,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="553" unit="mm" value="2.7">2.7mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; mature adult female elongate ovoid, up to 7.0–8.0 mm long and 3.0–
|
||
<quantity id="0A41F189FF93FFFF6748FF69FAAEF3A2" box="[1281,1367,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="553" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, broadeSt acroSS thorax, tapering towardS poSterior extremity. Derm membranouS, with denSe tiny papillae and a V- Shaped narrow band of wrinkleS in Submarginal area. Antennae each reduced to an indiStinctly 3-Segmented tubercle, bearing 5 thick and 1 or 2 Slender Setae at apex. EyeSpot Situated lateral to antenna baSe. MouthpartS uSually reduced to veStigeS, but comparatively normal in
|
||
<typeStatus id="1202E2CEFF93FFFF6164FE99FC6AF213" box="[813,915,332,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="553" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. LegS abSent. Thoracic SpiracleS Smaller than thoSe on abdomen, each with a Small narrow bar, and a group of 8–10 multilocular poreS cloSe to inner end of atrium. Abdominal SpiracleS numbering eight pairS, each relatively large, with a long tube and an incomplete double band of multilocular poreS cloSe to inner end of atrium; poSteriormoSt pair of SpiracleS Situated cloSe to anal tube. Anal ring not viSible; anal tube Short, truncated cone-Shaped, about 225–313 µm long and a maximum of 150–200 µm wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF93FFFF628EFDF1FA93F186" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF93FFFF628EFDF1FED2F14D" bold="true" box="[199,299,548,571]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">Dorsum.</emphasis>
|
||
Setae Stiff, thick and briStle-like, abundant and longer on poSteriormoSt three SegmentS; Setae on head each 27–30 µm long, Setae located more poSteriorly 70–75 µm long. DiSc poreS of three
|
||
<typeStatus id="1202E2CEFF93FFFF6637FD9DFB47F116" box="[1150,1214,584,608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">typeS</typeStatus>
|
||
: multilocular poreS, large Simple poreS and Small Simple poreS. Multilocular poreS each 10–12 µm long and 5–7 µm wide, with one elliptical inner loculuS and 16 outer loculi, preSent mainly on poSteriormoSt five abdominal SegmentS but with a few on more anterior abdominal SegmentS. Large Simple poreS each 13–15 µm in diameter, diStributed on head, thorax and abdominal SegmentS I–IV; and Small Simple poreS each 2–3 µm in diameter, Scattered on abdomen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="85A30FE7FF93FFFF628EFD29FDB4F0BE" pageId="6" pageNumber="553" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF93FFFF628EFD29FA7AF0D3" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF93FFFF628EFD29FEEEF065" bold="true" box="[199,279,764,787]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">Venter.</emphasis>
|
||
Setae Slender, each 22–31 µm long, thoSe on margin longer. DiSc poreS of three
|
||
<typeStatus id="1202E2CEFF93FFFF668FFD29FAFFF062" box="[1222,1286,764,788]" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">typeS</typeStatus>
|
||
: multilocular poreS with a bilocular center; multilocular poreS with one elliptical inner loculuS, and large Simple poreS. Multilocular poreS with bilocular centerS, each 10–12 µm long and 5–7 µm wide and with 16 outer loculi, denSely diStributed on medial area from metathorax to vulva. Multilocular poreS with one elliptical inner loculuS, Same aS on dorSum, preSent poSterior to vulva. Large Simple poreS, aS on dorSum, preSent on marginS of head and thorax.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF93FFFF628EFC7AFDB4F0BE" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,589,943,968]" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">
|
||
Pre-adult female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="558240E9FF93FFFF63C6FC7AFE0BF0BE" box="[399,498,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[227,1360,193,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[227,1360,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Habit photographs. Xylococcus castanopsis sp. nov. Adult female, (1) dorsal view and (2) ventral view. Preadult female and its wax secretions, (3) with wax intact and (4) with ventral part of wax test removed. First-instar nymphs, showing wax secretions: (5) newly hatched and (6) older. Adult female, (7) producing eggs under her ventral surface, and (8) projecting her abdominal segments out of the bark cavity." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/858368/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">FigS 3, 4</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="558240E9FF93FFFF6060FC65FDBFF0BE" box="[553,582,944,968]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[196,1379,207,1767]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1805]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 10. Morphology of pre-adult female of Xylococcus castanopsis sp. nov. (A) antenna; (B) large simple pore; (C) thoracic spiracle; (D) small simple pore; (E) invaginated bilocular pores; (F) Pergande’s “ brownish organ ”; (G) multilocular pore with bilocular center; (H) seta on abdomen; (I) anal tube and adjacent region; (J) abdominal spiracle; (K) seta on head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/858372/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">10</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="85A30FE7FF93FFFF628EFC06FDDAF406" pageId="6" pageNumber="553" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF93FFFF628EFC06FE20F79E" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF93FFFF628EFC06FE46F09B" bold="true" box="[199,447,979,1005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF93FFFF628EFC06FE41F09A" bold="true" box="[199,440,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">Unmounted material</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Pre-adult femaleS found living Singly in bark cavitieS. Body in life oval to pear-Shaped, white to yellowiSh, with poSterior extremity covered by poSterior part of exuviae of previouS inStar. With long, white, hollow, filamentouS wax tube extending from the anal tube to protrude above bark Surface, Serving to carry honeydew excretionS away from body; wall of thiS wax tube made up of, not homogeneouS wax maSS, but of fine wax threadS, Some of which often Separate from the tube wall to curl back towardS the anal opening. BaSal part of wax tube (located beneath bark Surface) Surrounded by thick layer of white woolly wax, probably Secreted by multilocular poreS around anal tube and abdominal SpiracleS; thiS white wax, and almoSt entire body, encloSed by teSt of Semi-tranSlucent wax.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF93FFFF628EFB26FEEFF57E" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF93FFFF628EFB26FE1DF67B" bold="true" box="[199,484,1267,1293]" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF93FFFF628EFB26FE24F67A" bold="true" box="[199,477,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">Slide-mounted material</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Body oval to pear-Shaped,
|
||
<quantity id="0A41F189FF93FFFF617EFB21FC3CF67A" box="[823,965,1268,1293]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="553" unit="mm" value="2.85" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 2.0–
|
||
<quantity id="0A41F189FF93FFFF6603FB21FB5FF67A" box="[1098,1190,1268,1293]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="553" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Derm uSually areolate, becoming increaSingly Strongly SclerotiSed toward poSterior apex, area around anal tube heavily SclerotiSed. Antennae each reduced to flat oval plate bearing 5 or 6 Stiff Setae. EyeS indiStinct. LegS lacking. MouthpartS developed, labium one-Segmented. Thoracic SpiracleS much reduced, obviouSly Smaller than thoSe on abdomen, each without any bar or diSc poreS within atrium. Abdominal SpiracleS preSent in eight pairS, each Spiracle having a large, elongate tube, with 2–3 bandS of multilocular poreS near inner end of atrium, poSteriormoSt SpiracleS Situated cloSe to anal tube. Anal tube 405–533 µm long and a maximum of 145–200 µm wide, heavily SclerotiSed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF93FFFF628EF9C1FDDAF406" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF93FFFF628EF9C1FED2F55B" bold="true" box="[199,299,1556,1581]" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF93FFFF628EF9C1FEDDF55D" bold="true" box="[199,292,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">Dorsum</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Setae Spine-like, Small, each 5–7 µm long, Scarce on central area, more abundant on Submargin; with 7–9 Slender conical Setae (each 42–50 µm long) preSent on margin on each Side of anal tube. DiSc poreS of four
|
||
<typeStatus id="1202E2CEFF93FFFF62DEF989FF2EF502" box="[151,215,1628,1652]" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">typeS</typeStatus>
|
||
: multilocular poreS, invaginated bilocular poreS, large Simple poreS and Small Simple poreS. Multilocular poreS each elongate oval, 13–15 µm long and 10–12 µm wide, with a bilocular center and 12 or 13 outer loculi, denSely preSent on poSteriormoSt 3 abdominal SegmentS and grouped around each abdominal Spiracle, or forming a denSe band Surrounding all eight pairS of abdominal SpiracleS and anal tube. Invaginated bilocular poreS, each elongate, 8–10 µm long and 6–7 µm wide, invaginated part about 5–6 µm deep, poreS forming tranSverSe bandS or rowS acroSS abdominal tergiteS I–IV. Large Simple poreS, each 10–12 µm in diameter, diStributed in Submarginal band on head and thorax; and Small Simple poreS, each 5–6 µm in diameter, SparSely preSent among invaginated bilocular poreS in tranSverSe bandS.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="85A30FE7FF93FFFE628EF8A9FD9AF212" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="554" pageId="6" pageNumber="553" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF93FFFE628EF8A9FF19F236" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="554" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF93FFFF628EF8A9FEEEF4E5" bold="true" box="[199,279,1916,1939]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">Venter.</emphasis>
|
||
Setae Spine-like, Small, Same SiZe aS on dorSum, few in central area, becoming more abundant towardS SubmarginS. An inverted V-Shaped organ (the “brown organ” of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A928219DFF93FFFF6188F875FAC3F4CE" author="Hubbard" box="[961,1338,1952,1977]" pageId="6" pageNumber="553" refString="Hubbard, H. G. & Pergande, T. (1898) A new coccid on birch. United States Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology, Bulletin, 18, 13 - 26." type="journal article" year="1898">Hubbard and Pergande (1898))</bibRefCitation>
|
||
preSent medioventrally between fourth and fifth pairS of abdominal SpiracleS. DiSc poreS of four
|
||
<typeStatus id="1202E2CEFF93FFFF663BF811FB54F4AA" box="[1138,1197,1988,2012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="553">typeS</typeStatus>
|
||
preSent: multilocular poreS, invaginated bilocular poreS, large Simple diSc poreS and Small Simple poreS, all Same aS on dorSum. Multilocular diSc poreS preSent denSely on poSteriormoSt two abdominal SegmentS; invaginated bilocular poreS forming tranSverSe bandS or rowS acroSS abdominal tergiteS I–IV; large Simple poreS diStributed in a Submaginal band on head and thorax; and Small Simple poreS SparSely preSent among invaginated bilocular poreS in tranSverSe bandS.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF92FFFE628EFE99FD9AF212" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,611,332,357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">
|
||
FirSt-inStar nymph (
|
||
<figureCitation id="558240E9FF92FFFE63ECFE99FDF1F213" box="[421,520,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[227,1360,193,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[227,1360,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Habit photographs. Xylococcus castanopsis sp. nov. Adult female, (1) dorsal view and (2) ventral view. Preadult female and its wax secretions, (3) with wax intact and (4) with ventral part of wax test removed. First-instar nymphs, showing wax secretions: (5) newly hatched and (6) older. Adult female, (7) producing eggs under her ventral surface, and (8) projecting her abdominal segments out of the bark cavity." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/858368/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">FigS 5, 6</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="558240E9FF92FFFE6077FE99FDA0F212" box="[574,601,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1913,1935]" captionTargetBox="[245,1367,252,1799]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[180,1396,227,1829]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 11. Morphology of first-instar nymph of Xylococcus castanopsis sp. nov. (A) antenna; (B) thoracic spiracle; (C) hind claw; (D) single ventral cicatrix; (E) multilocular pore; (F) seta on dorsal abdomen and ventral margin; (G) anal tube; (H) invaginated quadralocular pore; (I) small simple pore; (J) abdominal spiracle; (K) large simple pore; (L) spinules on derm; (M) seta on head; (N) papillae on derm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/858374/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">11</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="85A30FE7FF92FFFE628EFEBAFBE4F6EB" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF92FFFE628EFEBAFB19F283" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE628EFEBAFE3AF2FE" bold="true" box="[199,451,367,392]" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE628EFEBAFE45F2FE" bold="true" box="[199,444,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">Unmounted material</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Body of newly hatched nymph elliptical, orange-red but with approximately three poSteriormoSt SegmentS brown due to SclerotiSation. EyeS each viSible aS black Spot; theSe, together with SerieS of black dotS on Submargin of dorSum, forming longitudinal rowS. Mature nymph with long wax tube Secreted from anal tube and about eight pairS of wax threadS, each thread extending from an abdominal Spiracle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF92FFFE628EFE2AFAD5F72E" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE628EFE2AFE27F16E" bold="true" box="[199,478,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">Slide-mounted material.</emphasis>
|
||
Body broadly elliptical,
|
||
<quantity id="0A41F189FF92FFFE60B1FE2AFC62F161" box="[760,923,511,536]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6499999999999995" metricValueMax="5.8999999999999995" metricValueMin="5.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" unit="mm" value="0.565" valueMax="0.59" valueMin="0.54">0.54–0.59 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="0A41F189FF92FFFE6645FE2AFB49F161" box="[1036,1200,511,536]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.95" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="3.5999999999999996" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" unit="mm" value="0.395" valueMax="0.43" valueMin="0.36">0.36–0.43 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, poSterior apex heavily SclerotiSed, cuticle becoming leSS So anteriorly. SclerotiSed derm of poSterior SegmentS covered with denSe papillae, whereaS derm of unSclerotiZed SegmentS denSely covered with SpinuleS. Antennal baSeS Situated on anterior apex of head, cloSe together but not contiguouS, each antenna Stout, Short (about 60–70 µm long), 6 Segmented, with intermediate SegmentS narrow; apical Segment rounded, bearing 7 Setae including 3 fleShy Setae and 1 longer briStle-like Seta; Segment V with 2 Setae including 1 fleShy Seta; Segment II with a Single SenSory pore. EyeS preSent. ClypeuS well developed; labium very reduced, 1-Segmented or not viSible; retracted StyletS very long, extending backward and curling into 3 or 4 loopS in abdomen. LegS Slender; each trochanter comparatively long, with proximal half Strongly narrowed, with 1 pair of placoid SenSilla on each Surface and a long Seta, about 71 µm long; each claw Slender, with a diStinct denticle near tip of plantar Surface; claw digituleS each with apex knobbed, exceeding tip of claw. LengthS of hind leg SegmentS: coxa 30–33 µm, trochanter 35–40 µm, femur 97–123 µm, tibia 92–113 µm, tarSuS 87–105 µm, claw 22–25 µm. Ratio of lengthS of hind trochanter + femur to tibia + tarSuS 1: 1.34–1.36, the ratio of length of tibia to tarSuS 1: 0.93–0.95. Thoracic SpiracleS each with faintly developed bar and atrium containing 1 complex multilocular pore (with 3 central loculi). Abdominal SpiracleS numbering eight pairS, each Spiracle larger than thoracic Spiracle, with deeply invaginated cup containing 1 complex multilocular pore about 6 µm in diameter, with 4 (occaSionally 3) central loculi and 12 or 13 outer loculi. Anal tube 70–88 µm long and 27–40 µm wide, located at poSterior end. A pair of apical Setae preSent, each 107–118 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF92FFFE628EFBB1FBE4F6EB" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE628EFBB1FED2F70B" bold="true" box="[199,299,1124,1149]" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE628EFBB1FEDDF70D" bold="true" box="[199,292,1124,1147]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">Dorsum</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Setae briStle-like, even conical, longer and Stronger towardS margin, each 10–13 µm long, forming 10 longitudinal lineS. DiSc poreS of four
|
||
<typeStatus id="1202E2CEFF92FFFE6074FB5DFD81F7D6" box="[573,632,1160,1184]" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">typeS</typeStatus>
|
||
preSent: multilocular poreS, large Simple poreS, Small Simple poreS and invaginated 4- (uSually) or 5-locular poreS. Multilocular poreS each with Simple center and 8 peripheral loculi, each pore 5–7 µm in diameter; prothorax and meSothorax each with 1 pore on each Side; metathorax and abdominal SegmentS I–VII each with 2 poreS on Submedian area; abdominal SegmentS I–VIII each with 1 pore on each Side near margin. Invaginated 4- or 5-locular poreS, each 10–13 µm in diameter, 15–18 µm deep, preSent on margin of abdomen, each Side with 7 poreS. Large Simple poreS, each 7.0–7.5 µm in diameter, totaling two pairS, preSent Singly on Submedian area of prothorax and meSothorax. Small Simple poreS, each 4–5 µm in diameter, preSent on abdominal SegmentS I–VIII, each Segment with 1 pore on each Side near margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="85A30FE7FF92FFFE628EFA7DFE2DF473" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF92FFFE628EFA7DFE93F5CA" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE628EFA7DFEEFF6B6" bold="true" box="[199,278,1447,1472]" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE628EFA7DFEF6F6C9" bold="true" box="[199,271,1448,1471]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">Venter</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
With about 10 longitudinal lineS of Setae, thoSe in medianmoSt 2 lineS each long, thin and hair-like, 45– 50 µm long; remaining Setae Same Shape and SiZe aS thoSe on dorSum. DiSc poreS of four
|
||
<typeStatus id="1202E2CEFF92FFFE66C9FA19FB42F692" box="[1152,1211,1484,1508]" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">typeS</typeStatus>
|
||
preSent, all Same aS on dorSum. Multilocular poreS preSent on marginS of abdominal SegmentS I–VIII, each Segment with 1 on each Side (apart from Segment VII with 2). Large Simple diSc pore: only 1 preSent medially on metathorax. Small Simple poreS preSent on abdominal SegmentS I–VIII, each Segment with 1 on each Side near margin. Invaginated 4- or 5- locular poreS alSo preSent on marginS of abdomen, each Side with 7 poreS, Situated among abdominal SpiracleS. Three large cicatriceS preSent, each 12–15 µm in diameter, arranged longitudinally along midline of abdominal SegmentS VI–VIII.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF92FFFE628EF912FB90F596" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,1129,1735,1760]" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE628EF912FEFEF596" bold="true" box="[199,263,1735,1760]" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">Eggs.</emphasis>
|
||
Pale yellow or yellow in colour, each about
|
||
<quantity id="0A41F189FF92FFFE60B2F912FCA8F596" box="[763,849,1735,1760]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="0A41F189FF92FFFE6189F912FBDDF596" box="[960,1060,1735,1760]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" unit="mm" value="0.35">0.35 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF92FFFE628EF939FE2DF473" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,468,1772,1797]" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE628EF939FEAAF473" bold="true" box="[199,339,1772,1797]" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">Adult male.</emphasis>
|
||
Not found.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="85A30FE7FF92FFF1628EF8DAFEC9F2DB" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="555" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF92FFFE628EF8DAFA65F4AB" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE628EF8DAFEDEF45E" bold="true" box="[199,295,1807,1832]" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF92FFFE6367F8C5FDC1F451" authority="Dong, 2017" authorityName="Dong" authorityYear="2017" box="[302,568,1808,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanopsis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE6367F8C5FDC1F451" box="[302,568,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">Xylococcus castanopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E4FE3D05FF92FFFE6009F8DAFD63F45E" box="[576,666,1807,1832]" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE6009F8DAFD63F45E" bold="true" box="[576,666,1807,1832]" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
waS found in foreStry StandS compoSed of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF92FFFE66C8F8C5FEC5F43B" authority="(Hance) Chun" authorityName="(Hance) Chun" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Lithocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="silvicolarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE66C8F8C5FA65F45E" box="[1153,1436,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">Lithocarpus silvicolarum</emphasis>
|
||
(Hance) Chun
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE6305F8E1FDB1F43A" box="[332,584,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">Castanopsis chinensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Spreng.) Hance,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF92FFFE616BF8E1FC82F43A" box="[802,891,1844,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Conifericoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissa">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE616BF8E1FC82F43A" box="[802,891,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">C. fissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF92FFFE61C4F8E1FB30F43A" authority="Mig." authorityName="Mig." box="[909,1225,1844,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Conifericoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hystrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE61C4F8E1FC06F43A" box="[909,1023,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">C. hystrix</emphasis>
|
||
Mig. (Fagaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF92FFFE6690F8E1FDE8F406" authority="(Lour.) RaeuSch." authorityName="(Lour.) RaeuSch." class="Gastropoda" family="Strombidae" genus="Canarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="album">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE6690F8E1FA62F43A" box="[1241,1435,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">Canarium album</emphasis>
|
||
(Lour.) RaeuSch. (BurSeraceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF92FFFE6060F88DFC08F406" authority="(Roxb.) Muell. Arg." authorityName="(Roxb.) Muell. Arg." box="[553,1009,1879,1904]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Aporusa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dioica">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE6060F88DFD18F406" box="[553,737,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">Aporusa dioica</emphasis>
|
||
(Roxb.) Muell. Arg.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF92FFFE6640F88DFB06F406" box="[1033,1279,1880,1904]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Glochidion" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="puberum">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE6640F88DFB06F406" box="[1033,1279,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">Glochidion puberum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L.) Hutch. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF92FFFE62D7F8A9FEB2F4E3" authorityName="" authorityYear="1789" box="[158,331,1916,1941]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Euphorbiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF92FFFE632EF8A9FCB9F4E3" authority="Bl." authorityName="Bl." box="[359,832,1916,1941]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Ardisia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quinquegona">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE632EF8A9FDA3F4E2" box="[359,602,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">Ardisia quinquegona</emphasis>
|
||
Bl. (MyrSinaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF92FFFE611DF8A9FB9FF4E3" authority="Sp." authorityName="Sp." box="[852,1126,1916,1941]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Theaceae" genus="Schima" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE611DF8A9FC5FF4E2" box="[852,934,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">Schima</emphasis>
|
||
Sp. (Theaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF92FFFE6633F8A8FEEAF4CF" authority="Lour." authorityName="Lour." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Ligustrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinense">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE6633F8A8FAA9F4E2" box="[1146,1360,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">Ligustrum sinense</emphasis>
|
||
Lour. (Oleaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF92FFFE636CF875FCB9F4CF" authority="Hook et Arn." authorityName="Hook et Arn." box="[293,832,1952,1977]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aquifoliaceae" genus="Ilex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Aquifoliales" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pubescens">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE636CF875FE29F4CE" box="[293,464,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">Ilex pubescens</emphasis>
|
||
Hook
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE6063F874FDC7F4CE" box="[554,574,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">et</emphasis>
|
||
Arn. (Aquifoliaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF92FFFE611BF875FB5DF4CE" authority="(Lour.)" authorityName="Lour." box="[850,1188,1952,1976]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Schefflera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="octophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE611BF875FBBEF4CE" box="[850,1095,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">Schefflera octophylla</emphasis>
|
||
(Lour.)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
HarmS (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF92FFFE675BF875FA69F4CF" box="[1298,1424,1952,1977]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Araliaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF92FFFE62DEF811FE54F4AA" authorityName="Nees ex Blume (Nees & T. Nees" authorityYear="1826" box="[151,429,1988,2012]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Cinnamomum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="burmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE62DEF811FE54F4AA" box="[151,429,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">Cinnamomum burmanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(NeeS
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE604EF810FDE2F4AA" box="[519,539,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">et</emphasis>
|
||
T. NeeS) Blume (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF92FFFE60BFF811FC95F4AA" authorityName="" authorityYear="1789" box="[758,876,1988,2012]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF92FFFE61FCF810FA65F4AB" authority="(Thunb.) Berhn." authorityName="(Thunb.) Berhn." box="[949,1436,1988,2013]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Gleicheniaceae" genus="Dicranopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gleicheniales" pageId="7" pageNumber="554" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dichotoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF92FFFE61FCF810FB2CF4AA" box="[949,1237,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="554">Dicranopteris dichotoma</emphasis>
|
||
(Thunb.) Berhn.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF9DFFF162DEFF42FC54F38E" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">
|
||
(Gleicheniaceae). Out of the above 14 plant SpecieS, the Scale waS detected only on
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF1661CFF4DFAE2F3C6" box="[1109,1307,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">
|
||
Castanopsis
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF166AEFF4DFAE2F3C6" box="[1255,1307,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Conifericoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissa">fissa</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. It infeSted mainly plantS over 30 yearS old, but could alSo be found on young treeS. On each plant, the inSectS live under the bark on the trunk and partS of the rootS about
|
||
<quantity id="0A41F189FF9DFFF160DFFF35FD22F381" box="[662,731,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" unit="cm" value="40.0">40 cm</quantity>
|
||
above the ground.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF9DFFF1628EFED1FEC9F2DB" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">
|
||
The adult femaleS can be found from late November to late December, and give birth probably parthenogenetically, depoSiting the eggS beneath the abdomen. A Single female can lay 67–268 eggS (mean 176, n=6). One adult female waS obServed to project her abdominal SegmentS out of the bark cavity (
|
||
<figureCitation id="558240E9FF9DFFF16686FE99FAEBF212" box="[1231,1298,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[227,1360,193,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[227,1360,193,1893]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Habit photographs. Xylococcus castanopsis sp. nov. Adult female, (1) dorsal view and (2) ventral view. Preadult female and its wax secretions, (3) with wax intact and (4) with ventral part of wax test removed. First-instar nymphs, showing wax secretions: (5) newly hatched and (6) older. Adult female, (7) producing eggs under her ventral surface, and (8) projecting her abdominal segments out of the bark cavity." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/858368/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
), Seemingly calling for an adult male, but neither adult maleS nor male pupae were found during about two monthS of inveStigation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="85A30FE7FF9DFFF1628EFE62FAE5F693" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF9DFFF1628EFE62FEB1F063" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF1628EFE62FECDF2A6" bold="true" box="[199,308,439,464]" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. Of the three extant SpecieS currently included in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF1613BFE6DFC0BF2A6" authorityName="Low" authorityYear="1883" box="[882,1010,440,464]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF1613BFE6DFC0BF2A6" box="[882,1010,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">Xylococcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF1664DFE6CFAF9F2A6" authority="Low, 1882" authorityName="Low" authorityYear="1882" box="[1028,1280,440,464]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiferus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF1664DFE6CFB82F2A6" box="[1028,1147,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. filiferus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A928219DFF9DFFF166CCFE6DFAF9F2A6" author="Low" box="[1157,1280,440,464]" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" refString="Low, F. (1882) Eine neue Cocciden-art (Xylococcus filiferus). Lerhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellshaft in Wien, 32, 271 - 278." type="journal article" year="1882">Löw, 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF16747FE6CFECCF282" authority="Siraiwa, 1939" authorityName="Siraiwa" authorityYear="1939" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF16747FE6CFA65F2B9" box="[1294,1436,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. japonicus</emphasis>
|
||
Siraiwa, 1939
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF16338FE08FD48F282" authority="DanZig, 1980" authorityName="in DanZig" authorityYear="1980" box="[369,689,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF16338FE08FDF3F282" box="[369,522,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. quercicola</emphasis>
|
||
DanZig, 1980
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), only the deScriptionS of the adult femaleS of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF16686FE08FAB1F282" authorityName="Low" authorityYear="1882" box="[1231,1352,476,500]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiferus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF16686FE08FAB1F282" box="[1231,1352,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. filiferus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF167CDFE08FEFDF161" authorityName="Siraiwa" authorityYear="1939" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF167CDFE08FEFDF161" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. japonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are available becauSe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF1604BFDD4FD61F16E" authorityName="in DanZig" authorityYear="1980" box="[514,664,512,536]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF1604BFDD4FD61F16E" box="[514,664,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. quercicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
waS deScribed from a pre-adult female. Adult female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF166B3FDD4FA65F161" authority="Dong, 2017" authorityName="Dong" authorityYear="2017" box="[1274,1436,512,536]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanopsis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF166B3FDD4FA65F161" box="[1274,1436,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. castanopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E4FE3D05FF9DFFF162DEFDF1FF09F14B" box="[151,240,548,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF162DEFDF1FF09F14B" bold="true" box="[151,240,548,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
differ from thoSe of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF16392FDF0FDA8F14A" authorityName="Low" authorityYear="1882" box="[475,593,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiferus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF16392FDF0FDA8F14A" box="[475,593,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. filiferus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having multilocular poreS with 1 or 2 inner loculi, no tiny SenSory poreS toward the baSe of the antennae and in lacking the SclerotiZed plate on the poSterior apex of body; in contraSt, adult female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF162A4FDB8FE9EF1F2" authorityName="Low" authorityYear="1882" box="[237,359,620,644]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiferus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF162A4FDB8FE9EF1F2" box="[237,359,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. filiferus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have multilocular poreS with 3 or 4 inner loculi, 4 tiny SenSory poreS near the baSe of each antenna, and the poSterior apex of body uSually haS a SclerotiZed plate from the pre-adult adherent (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A928219DFF9DFFF16762FD5AFF2AF1BA" author="MorriSon" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" refString="Morrison, H. (1928) A classification of the higher groups and genera of the coccid family Margarodidae. United States Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin, 52, 62 - 67." type="journal article" year="1928">MorriSon, 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It can be diStinguiShed from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF16067FD60FD45F1BA" authorityName="Siraiwa" authorityYear="1939" box="[558,700,693,716]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF16067FD60FD45F1BA" box="[558,700,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. japonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the abSence of legS and the preSence of an unSclerotiZed anal tube, whereaS
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF1637EFD0CFE3AF199" authorityName="Siraiwa" authorityYear="1939" box="[311,451,728,752]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF1637EFD0CFE3AF199" box="[311,451,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. japonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
haS legS, although they are reduced to globular protuberanceS, and the anal tube iS Short and SclerotiZed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF9DFFF1628EFCCAFC37F09B" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">
|
||
The pre-adult femaleS of all three previouSly known extant SpecieS of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF16194FCF5FBA4F04E" authorityName="Low" authorityYear="1883" box="[989,1117,800,824]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF16194FCF5FBA4F04E" box="[989,1117,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">Xylococcus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been deScribed. ThoSe of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF162F1FC90FECBF02A" authorityName="Low" authorityYear="1882" box="[184,306,836,860]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiferus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF162F1FC90FECBF02A" box="[184,306,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. filiferus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be eaSily diStinguiShed from the other SpecieS (according to deScriptionS and illuStrationS by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A928219DFF9DFFF162DEFCB2FEA8F0F6" author="MorriSon" box="[151,337,871,896]" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" refString="Morrison, H. (1928) A classification of the higher groups and genera of the coccid family Margarodidae. United States Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin, 52, 62 - 67." type="journal article" year="1928">MorriSon (1928)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A928219DFF9DFFF163C0FCB2FD30F0F6" author="KoSZtarab" box="[393,713,871,896]" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" refString="Kosztarab, M. & Kozar, F. (1988) Scale Insects of Central Europe. Junk, Dordrecht, 456 pp." type="book" year="1988">KoSZtarab and KoZár (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
by the preSence of a circular plate at the poSterior apex of body and the preSence of trilocular poreS ventrally. The remaining three SpecieS are morphologically too Similar to Separate, although the illuStration of the bilocular poreS of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF1616CFC64FC48F0B1" authorityName="Siraiwa" authorityYear="1939" box="[805,945,944,968]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF1616CFC64FC48F0B1" box="[805,945,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. japonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF161AEFC64FAB6F0BE" authority="in DanZig (1980 a)" authorityName="in DanZig" authorityYear="1980" box="[999,1359,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF161AEFC64FC01F0BE" box="[999,1016,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF1664FFC65FB84F0BE" box="[1030,1149,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">quercicola</emphasis>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A928219DFF9DFFF166E9FC7AFAB6F0BE" author="DanZig" box="[1184,1359,943,968]" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" refString="Danzig, E. M. (1980 a) Coccids of the Far Eastern USSR (Homoptera, Coccinea). Phylogenetic Analysis of Coccids in the World Fauna. Nauka, Leningrad, 367 pp." type="book" year="1980" yearSuffix="a">DanZig (1980a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ShowS that they are flat, whereaS they are invaginated on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF16082FC00FC94F09A" authority="Dong, 2017" authorityName="Dong" authorityYear="2017" box="[715,877,981,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanopsis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF16082FC00FC94F09A" box="[715,877,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. castanopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E4FE3D05FF9DFFF1613DFC01FC37F09B" box="[884,974,980,1005]" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF1613DFC01FC37F09B" bold="true" box="[884,974,980,1005]" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF9DFFF1628EFC22FD9EF7D6" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">
|
||
The firSt-inStar nymph of only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF16057FC2CFD6DF766" authorityName="Low" authorityYear="1882" box="[542,660,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiferus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF16057FC2CFD6DF766" box="[542,660,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. filiferus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
haS been well deScribed previouSly (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A928219DFF9DFFF16667FC22FB22F766" author="MorriSon" box="[1070,1243,1015,1040]" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" refString="Morrison, H. (1928) A classification of the higher groups and genera of the coccid family Margarodidae. United States Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin, 52, 62 - 67." type="journal article" year="1928">MorriSon 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The differenceS between the firSt-inStar nymphS of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF16055FBC8FD6BF742" authorityName="Low" authorityYear="1882" box="[540,658,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiferus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF16055FBC8FD6BF742" box="[540,658,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. filiferus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF16081FBC8FC93F742" authorityName="Dong" authorityYear="2017" box="[712,874,1053,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanopsis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF16081FBC8FC93F742" box="[712,874,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. castanopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF161E8FBC8FBEFF742" authorityName="Low" authorityYear="1882" box="[929,1046,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiferus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF161E8FBC8FBEFF742" box="[929,1046,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. filiferus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
haS invaginated bilocular poreS on the margin of the body, and large Simple poreS are abSent from both the dorSum and venter of the thorax; whereaS
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF162DEFBB0FEC0F70A" authorityName="Dong" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,313,1125,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanopsis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF162DEFBB0FEC0F70A" box="[151,313,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. castanopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
haS invaginated quadrilocular poreS on the margin of the body and large Simple poreS are preSent on both the dorSum and venter of the thorax.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD065C6CFF9DFFF1628EFB78FAE5F693" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">
|
||
It iS poSSible that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF163D0FB78FDC6F7B2" authority="Dong, 2017" authorityName="Dong" authorityYear="2017" box="[409,575,1197,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanopsis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF163D0FB78FDC6F7B2" box="[409,575,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. castanopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E4FE3D05FF9DFFF16001FB79FD5CF7B3" box="[584,677,1196,1221]" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF16001FB79FD5CF7B3" bold="true" box="[584,677,1196,1221]" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF160ABFB78FC82F7B2" authorityName="in DanZig" authorityYear="1980" box="[738,891,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF160ABFB78FD0AF7B2" box="[738,755,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF1614DFB79FC82F7B2" box="[772,891,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">quercicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are conSpecific. The pre-adult femaleS of both SpecieS are very Similar and the hoSt plantS of both belong to the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF16199FB04FBC5F79F" authorityName="" authorityYear="1829" box="[976,1084,1233,1257]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, here we conSider
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF167CDFB04FEE3F67A" authorityName="Dong" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanopsis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF167CDFB04FEE3F67A" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. castanopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF16314FB20FE75F67A" box="[349,396,1269,1292]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Primulaceae" genus="Ardisia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="new">new</taxonomicName>
|
||
to Science becauSe: 1)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF160C4FB20FCDAF67A" authorityName="in DanZig" authorityYear="1980" box="[653,803,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF160C4FB20FCDAF67A" box="[653,803,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. quercicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
iS found in the RuSSian Far EaSt, whereaS
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF166B2FB20FA65F67A" authority="Dong, 2017" authorityName="Dong" authorityYear="2017" box="[1275,1436,1269,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanopsis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF166B2FB20FA65F67A" box="[1275,1436,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. castanopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E4FE3D05FF9DFFF162DEFAC2FF09F646" box="[151,240,1303,1328]" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF162DEFAC2FF09F646" bold="true" box="[151,240,1303,1328]" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
iS only known from South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B5AE1CFCFF9DFFF1606BFAC2FD91F646" box="[546,616,1303,1328]" name="China" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and 2)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF16089FACCFCAFF646" authorityName="in DanZig" authorityYear="1980" box="[704,854,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF16089FACCFCAFF646" box="[704,854,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. quercicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
infectS
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF161E6FACDFB73F646" box="[943,1162,1304,1328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mongolica">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF161E6FACDFB73F646" box="[943,1162,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">Quercus mongolica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, whereaS
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF166B3FACCFA65F659" authorityName="Dong" authorityYear="2017" box="[1274,1436,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanopsis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF166B3FACCFA65F659" box="[1274,1436,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. castanopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
liveS on
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF162BFFAE9FE43F622" box="[246,442,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">
|
||
Castanopsis
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF163CEFAE9FE43F622" box="[391,442,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Conifericoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissa">fissa</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. The plant genuS
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF160CAFAE9FCF5F625" box="[643,780,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">Castanopsis</emphasis>
|
||
(D. Don) Spach containS about 120 SpecieS, diStributed in tropical and Subtropical regionS of ASia, with 58 SpecieS in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B5AE1CFCFF9DFFF16111FA8AFC62F60E" box="[856,923,1375,1400]" name="China" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
and diStributed South to the YangtZe River, whereaS
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF162B7FA51FE62F6EA" box="[254,411,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">
|
||
Q.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF1636CFA51FE62F6EA" box="[293,411,1412,1436]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mongolica">mongolica</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
iS reStricted to north of YangtZe River (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A928219DFF9DFFF16137FA51FB9BF6EA" author="Huang" box="[894,1122,1412,1436]" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" refString="Huang, C. J., Zhang, Y. T. & Bartholomew, B. (1999). Fagaceae. Flora of China, 4, 314 - 400." type="journal article" year="1999">
|
||
Huang
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF1619FFA50FBF5F6EA" box="[982,1036,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1999
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). NevertheleSS, whether
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF167CDFA50FEE3F6C9" authorityName="Dong" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanopsis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF167CDFA50FEE3F6C9" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. castanopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
iS a valid SpecieS or Synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF160EDFA7CFCC5F6B6" authorityName="in DanZig" authorityYear="1980" box="[676,828,1448,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF160EDFA7CFCC5F6B6" box="[676,828,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. quercicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
will only be determined after collection of the adult female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AB927EFFF9DFFF16341FA18FE67F692" authorityName="in DanZig" authorityYear="1980" box="[264,414,1484,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Xylococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="FFCD807EFF9DFFF16341FA18FE67F692" box="[264,414,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">X. quercicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B5AE1CFCFF9DFFF1638BFA19FDF4F693" box="[450,525,1484,1509]" name="Russia" pageId="8" pageNumber="555">RuSSia</collectingCountry>
|
||
or if molecular analySeS of material of both SpecieS can be compared.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |