454 lines
56 KiB
XML
454 lines
56 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="C4A40B1FFFA66F1D112414105075D1AA">Tale of two species of Stylissa (Porifera: Demospongiae: Scopalinida) from the west and east coasts of India</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1B2724F0E68B183CED2CB4A059420EE4">George, Anita M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F70ACD7F7E7E4F671CF566317C1DB5B7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="8BC0FC7084B96C0C60CFEE860C3E6C99">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CD889635CF0D7C63742E56682D0FDF31">2022-08-24</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="879A5D7631787B2A1673D4320984A09B">5178</mods:number>
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<treatment id="2876AB0F6E21896AFF43FB5095F9AFBF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7026057" ID-GBIF-Taxon="199839156" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7026057" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2876AB0F6E21896AFF43FB5095F9AFBF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2876AB0F6E21896AFF43FB5095F9AFBF" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">
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<subSubSection id="E8C549926E218968FF43FB50919BA932" box="[151,510,1266,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A0601A196E218968FF43FB50919BA932" blockId="4.[151,510,1266,1329]" box="[151,510,1266,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">
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<heading id="FB28AD756E218968FF43FB50919BA932" bold="true" box="[151,510,1266,1293]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="67DF619A6E218968FF43FB50919BA932" ID-CoL="6ZZDZ" authority="(Dendy, 1889)" baseAuthorityName="Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[151,510,1266,1293]" class="Demospongiae" family="Scopalinidae" genus="Stylissa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scopalinida" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carteri">
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<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E218968FF43FB50919BA932" bold="true" box="[151,510,1266,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">
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<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E218968FF43FB50912FA933" bold="true" box="[151,330,1266,1293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Stylissa carteri</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="C44E67E86E218968FE8DFB509190A932" author="Dendy, A." box="[345,501,1266,1292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" pagination="93 - 94" refId="ref5191" refString="Dendy, A. (1889) Report on a Second Collection of Sponges from the Gulf of Manaar. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 3 (14), 73 - 99, pls. II - V, pp. 93 - 94. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938909460303" type="journal article" year="1889">Dendy, 1889</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E8C549926E218968FF43FAB5916AA90F" box="[151,271,1303,1329]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A0601A196E218968FF43FAB5916AA90F" blockId="4.[151,510,1266,1329]" box="[151,271,1303,1329]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">
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<figureCitation id="38E4069C6E218968FF43FAB5916AA90F" box="[151,271,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,260,1863,1889]" captionTargetBox="[234,1354,179,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-21@5.[234,1354,179,1839]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Stylissa carteri (Dendy, 1889). A. Specimen NIO Por.3277.Lak07 showing planar, compressed, fanshaped form; scale bar = 5 cm. B. Specimen ZMA Por. 17154, showing the upright and compressed, lobate form, scale bar = 5 cm. C. Specimen NIO Por.3277.Lak07 section of showing the semi-transparent, ill-defined reticulation with styles; scale bar = 1 mm. Figs 3D–F. Spicules. D. Thick, rounded base and pointed tip, scale bar = 10 µm. E. Thin, smooth, gently curved styles, scale bar = 100 µm. F. Thin oxeas, scale bar = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7026033" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7026033/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Fig. 3 A–F</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="E8C549926E218968FF43FAF9936DA9F1" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="A0601A196E218968FF43FAF993EFA94D" blockId="4.[151,1290,1371,1487]" box="[151,906,1371,1395]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="80CF3D376E218968FF43FAF993EFA94D" box="[151,906,1371,1395]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">
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<treatmentCitation id="217E3C086E218968FF43FAF99243A94D" author="Dendy, A." box="[151,550,1371,1395]" page="94" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" year="1889">
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<taxonomicName id="67DF619A6E218968FF43FAF99243A94D" authority="Dendy, 1889: 93 - 94" authorityName="Dendy" authorityPageNumber="93 - 94" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,550,1371,1395]" class="Demospongiae" family="Dictyonellidae" genus="Acanthella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carteri">
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<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E218968FF43FAF99135A94D" box="[151,336,1371,1395]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Acanthella carteri</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="C44E67E86E218968FE83FAF99243A94D" author="Dendy, A." box="[343,550,1371,1395]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" pagination="93 - 94" refId="ref5191" refString="Dendy, A. (1889) Report on a Second Collection of Sponges from the Gulf of Manaar. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 3 (14), 73 - 99, pls. II - V, pp. 93 - 94. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938909460303" type="journal article" year="1889">Dendy, 1889: 93–94</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 4, fig.6; 1905: 193, pl.8., fig.6.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="A0601A196E218968FF43FAD892ECA9AC" blockId="4.[151,1290,1371,1487]" box="[151,649,1402,1426]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">
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||
<taxonomicName id="67DF619A6E218968FF43FAD891B9A9AC" authority="(Dendy, 1889)" baseAuthorityName="Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[151,476,1402,1426]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Phakellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carteri">
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||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E218968FF43FAD89121A9AF" box="[151,324,1402,1426]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Phakellia carteri</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="C44E67E86E218968FE85FAD891B0A9AC" author="Dendy, A." box="[337,469,1402,1426]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" pagination="93 - 94" refId="ref5191" refString="Dendy, A. (1889) Report on a Second Collection of Sponges from the Gulf of Manaar. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 3 (14), 73 - 99, pls. II - V, pp. 93 - 94. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938909460303" type="journal article" year="1889">Dendy, 1889</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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(genus transfer).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="A0601A196E218968FF43FA3A956FA98F" blockId="4.[151,1290,1371,1487]" box="[151,1290,1432,1457]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="80CF3D376E218968FF43FA3A956FA98F" box="[151,1290,1432,1457]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">
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<taxonomicName id="67DF619A6E218968FF43FA3A91AAA98F" authority="(Dendy, 1889)" baseAuthorityName="Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[151,463,1432,1457]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Axinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carteri">
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<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E218968FF43FA3A9152A98E" box="[151,311,1432,1456]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Axinella carteri</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C44E67E86E218968FE90FA3A91ADA98F" author="Dendy, A." box="[324,456,1432,1457]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" pagination="93 - 94" refId="ref5191" refString="Dendy, A. (1889) Report on a Second Collection of Sponges from the Gulf of Manaar. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 3 (14), 73 - 99, pls. II - V, pp. 93 - 94. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938909460303" type="journal article" year="1889">Dendy, 1889</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(genus transfer);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="217E3C086E218968FD57FA3B934FA98E" author="Burton, M." box="[643,810,1432,1457]" page="35" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" year="1937">
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<bibRefCitation id="C44E67E86E218968FD57FA3B934FA98E" author="Burton, M." box="[643,810,1432,1457]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" pagination="4" refId="ref4925" refString="Burton, M. (1937) Supplement to the littoral fauna of Krusadai Island in the Gulf of Manaar: Porifera. Bulletin of the Madras Government Museum, New Series, Natural History Section 1, 2, pl. 4. [https: // www. worldcat. org / title / supplement-to-thelittoral-fauna-of-krusadai-island-in-the-gulf-of manaar-porifera / oclc / 35608751]" type="journal article" year="1937">Burton 1937: 35</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 6, fig.37;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="217E3C086E218968FC6CFA3A941DA98F" author="Thomas, P. A." box="[952,1144,1432,1457]" page="290" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" year="1986">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="C44E67E86E218968FC6CFA3A941DA98F" author="Thomas, P. A." box="[952,1144,1432,1457]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" refId="ref6012" refString="Thomas, P. A. (1986) Demospongiae of the Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay. In: James, P. S. B. R. (Ed.), Recent Advances in Marine Biology. Vol. 5. Today and Tomorrow's Printers and Publishers, New Delhi, pp. 205 - 365." type="book" year="1986">Thomas 1986: 290</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. IV, fig 24.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="A0601A196E218968FF43FA15936DA9F1" blockId="4.[151,1290,1371,1487]" box="[151,776,1463,1487]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="80CF3D376E218968FF43FA15936DA9F1" box="[151,776,1463,1487]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">
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<treatmentCitation id="217E3C086E218968FF43FA159203A9F1" author="Keller, C." box="[151,614,1463,1487]" page="397" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" year="1889">
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||
<taxonomicName id="67DF619A6E218968FF43FA159203A9F1" authority="Keller, 1889: 396 - 397" authorityName="Keller" authorityPageNumber="396 - 397" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,614,1463,1487]" class="Demospongiae" family="Dictyonellidae" genus="Acanthella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aurantiaca">
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||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E218968FF43FA15911FA9F1" box="[151,378,1463,1487]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Acanthella aurantiaca</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C44E67E86E218968FE55FA159203A9F1" author="Keller, C." box="[385,614,1463,1487]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" pagination="396 - 397" refId="ref5787" refString="Keller, C. (1889) Die Spongienfauna des rothen Meeres (I. Halfte). Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 48, 311 - 405, pls. XX - XXV, pp. 396 - 397. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 42532215 # page / 321 / mode / 1 up]" type="journal article" year="1889">Keller, 1889: 396–397</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pls. XX
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E218968FD14FA1592A8A9F1" bold="true" box="[704,717,1463,1487]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">–</emphasis>
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XXV.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E8C549926E21896AFF43FA5F9521AD5B" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="A0601A196E218968FF43FA5F9394AAD1" blockId="4.[151,1437,1533,1992]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">
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<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E218968FF43FA5F91F7AA29" bold="true" box="[151,402,1533,1559]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Materials examined.</emphasis>
|
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<materialsCitation id="10B710446E218968FE4BFA5F922EAA05" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3893655311" collectionCode="ZMA" country="India" county="Gulf of Mannar" elevation="4" latitude="9.02" location="Por." longLatPrecision="780" longitude="79.13" municipality="Manauli Island" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">
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<collectionCode id="C6CE82DC6E218968FE4BFA5F9184AA26" box="[415,481,1533,1560]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">ZMA</collectionCode>
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.
|
||
<location id="A5004CC26E218968FE31FA5F9276AA26" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2876AB0F6E21896AFF43FB5095F9AFBF:A5004CC26E218968FE31FA5F9276AA26" box="[485,531,1533,1560]" country="India" county="Gulf of Mannar" latitude="9.02" longLatPrecision="780" longitude="79.13" municipality="Manauli Island" name="Por." pageId="4" pageNumber="76" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Por.</location>
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17154,
|
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<collectingMunicipality id="400480636E218968FDBFFA5F9378AA29" box="[619,797,1533,1559]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Manauli Island</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="C5EB7CDE6E218968FCFBFA5F931AAA29" box="[815,895,1533,1559]" degrees="9.02" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" precision="555" value="9.02">9.02°N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="C5EB7CDE6E218968FC59FA5F938DAA29" box="[909,1000,1533,1559]" degrees="79.13" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" precision="555" value="79.13">79.13°E</geoCoordinate>
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<collectingCounty id="490162956E218968FC21FA5F94D1AA26" box="[1013,1204,1533,1560]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Gulf of Mannar</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="621BD4FB6E218968FB11FA5F95FDAA29" box="[1221,1432,1533,1559]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Tamil Nadu State</collectingRegion>
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, southeast
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D8C85A896E218968FEDDF9839120AA05" box="[265,325,1569,1595]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">India</collectingCountry>
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,
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<quantity id="6727B7FC6E218968FE86F98391E4AA02" box="[338,385,1569,1596]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" unit="m" value="4.0">
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<elevation id="2BF2FD2A6E218968FE86F98391E4AA02" box="[338,385,1569,1596]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" unit="m" value="4.0">4 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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, snorkelling, coll
|
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</materialsCitation>
|
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.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="10B710446E218968FD82F98393E2AA05" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3893655314" box="[598,903,1569,1595]" collectingDate="2000-11-11" collectionCode="AMG" country="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">
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<collectionCode id="C6CE82DC6E218968FD82F98392FFAA05" box="[598,666,1569,1595]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9qz-7eka" name="Albany Museum" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">AMG</collectionCode>
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,
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<date id="D4613CD96E218968FD7CF98393E2AA05" box="[680,903,1569,1595]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" value="2000-11-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="C425C5316E218968FD7CF98393E2AA05" box="[680,903,1569,1595]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" value="2000-11-11">11 November 2000</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="10B710446E218968FC47F98392FBAA61" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3893655309" collectionCode="ZMA" country="India" county="Muttom" latitude="8.12" location="Por." longLatPrecision="781" longitude="77.31" municipality="Melakkal" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">
|
||
<collectionCode id="C6CE82DC6E218968FC47F98393B3AA05" box="[915,982,1569,1595]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="A5004CC26E218968FC0DF983946DAA05" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2876AB0F6E21896AFF43FB5095F9AFBF:A5004CC26E218968FC0DF983946DAA05" box="[985,1032,1569,1595]" country="India" county="Muttom" latitude="8.12" longLatPrecision="781" longitude="77.31" municipality="Melakkal" name="Por." pageId="4" pageNumber="76" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Por.</location>
|
||
17193,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="400480636E218968FB8FF98394ADAA05" box="[1115,1224,1569,1595]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Melakkal</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, offshore
|
||
<collectingCounty id="490162956E218968FAEFF98095FDAA02" box="[1339,1432,1570,1596]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Muttom</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C5EB7CDE6E218968FF43F9E7908DAA61" box="[151,232,1605,1631]" degrees="8.12" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" precision="555" value="8.12">8.12°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C5EB7CDE6E218968FF24F9E79129AA61" box="[240,332,1605,1631]" degrees="77.31" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" precision="555" value="77.31">77.31°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="621BD4FB6E218968FE80F9E791B9AA61" box="[340,476,1605,1631]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
|
||
, southwest
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D8C85A896E218968FDB6F9E792FBAA61" box="[610,670,1605,1631]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="10B710446E218968FD78F9E794BCAA61" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3893655313" box="[684,1241,1605,1632]" collectingDate="2002-02-26" collectionCode="SCUBA" collectorName="RD Sluka" country="India" elevation="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">
|
||
<collectionCode id="C6CE82DC6E218968FD78F9E7936DAA61" box="[684,776,1605,1631]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">SCUBA</collectionCode>
|
||
<quantity id="6727B7FC6E218968FCC4F9E79321AA5E" box="[784,836,1605,1632]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" unit="m" value="15.0">
|
||
<elevation id="2BF2FD2A6E218968FCC4F9E79321AA5E" box="[784,836,1605,1632]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" unit="m" value="15.0">15m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="0D2A7FCF6E218968FC5FF9E4939BAA61" box="[907,1022,1605,1632]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">RD Sluka</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="D4613CD96E218968FBDEF9E794BCAA61" box="[1034,1241,1605,1631]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" value="2002-02-26">
|
||
<collectingDate id="C425C5316E218968FBDEF9E794BCAA61" box="[1034,1241,1605,1631]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" value="2002-02-26">26 February 2002</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="10B710446E218968FB31F9E7932DAABD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3893655310" collectionCode="ZMA" country="India" elevation="14" latitude="8.37" location="Por." longLatPrecision="781" longitude="76.98" municipality="Vizhinjam Village" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kerala">
|
||
<collectionCode id="C6CE82DC6E218968FB31F9E79542AA5E" box="[1253,1319,1605,1632]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="A5004CC26E218968FAFEF9E79532AA5E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2876AB0F6E21896AFF43FB5095F9AFBF:A5004CC26E218968FAFEF9E79532AA5E" box="[1322,1367,1605,1632]" country="India" latitude="8.37" longLatPrecision="781" longitude="76.98" municipality="Vizhinjam Village" name="Por." pageId="4" pageNumber="76" stateProvince="Kerala">Por.</location>
|
||
19235
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="400480636E218968FF43F9CB910DAABD" box="[151,360,1641,1667]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Vizhinjam Village</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C5EB7CDE6E218968FEA0F9CB91A1AABD" box="[372,452,1641,1667]" degrees="8.37" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" precision="555" value="8.37">8.37°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C5EB7CDE6E218968FE18F9CB924FAABD" box="[460,554,1641,1667]" degrees="76.98" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" precision="555" value="76.98">76.98°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="621BD4FB6E218968FDE3F9CB92A0AABD" box="[567,709,1641,1667]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Kerala State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="6727B7FC6E218968FD05F9CB936AAABA" box="[721,783,1641,1668]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" unit="m" value="14.0">
|
||
<elevation id="2BF2FD2A6E218968FD05F9CB936AAABA" box="[721,783,1641,1668]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" unit="m" value="14.0">14 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
; coll
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="10B710446E218968FC87F9CB9417AABD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3893655301" box="[851,1138,1641,1667]" collectingDate="2003-12-03" collectionCode="AMG" country="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kerala">
|
||
<collectionCode id="C6CE82DC6E218968FC87F9CB93F2AABD" box="[851,919,1641,1667]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9qz-7eka" name="Albany Museum" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">AMG</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="D4613CD96E218968FC70F9CB9417AABD" box="[932,1138,1641,1667]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" value="2003-12-03">
|
||
<collectingDate id="C425C5316E218968FC70F9CB9417AABD" box="[932,1138,1641,1667]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" value="2003-12-03">3 December 2003</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="10B710446E218968FBA9F9C8935EAA99" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3893655306" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="Islands" country="India" elevation="27" latitude="11.13" location="Por." longLatPrecision="778" longitude="72.78" municipality="Kadmat Island" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="C6CE82DC6E218968FBA9F9C894DFAABA" box="[1149,1210,1642,1668]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
<location id="A5004CC26E218968FB16F9CB9495AABD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2876AB0F6E21896AFF43FB5095F9AFBF:A5004CC26E218968FB16F9CB9495AABD" box="[1218,1264,1641,1667]" country="India" latitude="11.13" longLatPrecision="778" longitude="72.78" municipality="Kadmat Island" name="Por." pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Por.</location>
|
||
19207,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="400480636E218968FA90F9CB90BBAA99" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Kadmat Island</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C5EB7CDE6E218968FF38F92F912CAA99" box="[236,329,1677,1703]" degrees="11.13" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" precision="555" value="11.13">11.13°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C5EB7CDE6E218968FE87F92F91D4AA99" box="[339,433,1677,1703]" degrees="72.78" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" precision="555" value="72.78">72.78°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D8C85A896E218968FE6BF92F923CAA99" box="[447,601,1677,1703]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Lakshadweep</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectorName id="0D2A7FCF6E218968FDB6F92F92D1AA99" box="[610,692,1677,1703]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Islands</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="6727B7FC6E218968FD16F92F9365AA96" box="[706,768,1677,1704]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" unit="m" value="27.0">
|
||
<elevation id="2BF2FD2A6E218968FD16F92F9365AA96" box="[706,768,1677,1704]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" unit="m" value="27.0">27 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, coll
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="10B710446E218968FC93F92F940CAA96" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3893655302" box="[839,1129,1677,1704]" collectingDate="2005-02-13" collectionCode="AMG" country="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="C6CE82DC6E218968FC93F92F93EEAA99" box="[839,907,1677,1703]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9qz-7eka" name="Albany Museum" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">AMG</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="D4613CD96E218968FC4DF92F940CAA96" box="[921,1129,1677,1704]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" value="2005-02-13">
|
||
<collectingDate id="C425C5316E218968FC4DF92F940CAA96" box="[921,1129,1677,1704]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" value="2005-02-13">13 February 2005</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="10B710446E218968FBA1F92F9375AAF5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3893655304" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="Islands" country="India" elevation="35" latitude="8.52" location="Por." longLatPrecision="781" longitude="55.11" municipality="Minicoy Island" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="C6CE82DC6E218968FBA1F92F94DDAA99" box="[1141,1208,1677,1703]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="A5004CC26E218968FB6FF92F948FAA99" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2876AB0F6E21896AFF43FB5095F9AFBF:A5004CC26E218968FB6FF92F948FAA99" box="[1211,1258,1677,1703]" country="India" latitude="8.52" longLatPrecision="781" longitude="55.11" municipality="Minicoy Island" name="Por." pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Por.</location>
|
||
19243,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="400480636E218968FAE9F92F90BBAAF5" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Minicoy Island</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C5EB7CDE6E218968FF3CF913915DAAF2" box="[232,312,1713,1740]" degrees="8.52" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" precision="555" value="8.52">8.52°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C5EB7CDE6E218968FEEAF91391FFAAF2" box="[318,410,1713,1740]" degrees="55.11" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" precision="555" value="55.11">55.11°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D8C85A896E218968FE70F913925BAAF5" box="[420,574,1713,1739]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Lakshadweep</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectorName id="0D2A7FCF6E218968FD90F91392F3AAF5" box="[580,662,1713,1739]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Islands</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="6727B7FC6E218968FD4BF91392BDAAF2" box="[671,728,1713,1740]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" unit="m" value="35.0">
|
||
<elevation id="2BF2FD2A6E218968FD4BF91392BDAAF2" box="[671,728,1713,1740]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" unit="m" value="35.0">35 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, coll
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="10B710446E218968FCC3F913945EAAF2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3893655303" box="[791,1083,1713,1740]" collectingDate="2005-12-12" collectionCode="AMG" country="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="C6CE82DC6E218968FCC3F913933EAAF5" box="[791,859,1713,1739]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9qz-7eka" name="Albany Museum" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">AMG</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="D4613CD96E218968FCB1F913945EAAF2" box="[869,1083,1713,1740]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" value="2005-12-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="C425C5316E218968FCB1F913945EAAF2" box="[869,1083,1713,1740]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" value="2005-12-12">12 December 2005</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="10B710446E218968FB97F91392B1AAD1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3893655307" country="India" elevation="14" latitude="10.55" location="Lak" longLatPrecision="779" longitude="72.63" municipality="Kavaratti Island" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" specimenCount="1">
|
||
NIOPor.3277.
|
||
<location id="A5004CC26E218968FB35F913956AAAF5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2876AB0F6E21896AFF43FB5095F9AFBF:A5004CC26E218968FB35F913956AAAF5" box="[1249,1295,1713,1739]" country="India" latitude="10.55" longLatPrecision="779" longitude="72.63" municipality="Kavaratti Island" name="Lak" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Lak</location>
|
||
07,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="400480636E218968FAE0F91390BBAAD1" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Kavaratti Island</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C5EB7CDE6E218968FF3EF977912DAACE" box="[234,328,1749,1776]" degrees="10.55" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" precision="555" value="10.55">10.55°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C5EB7CDE6E218968FE9BF97791C8AAD1" box="[335,429,1749,1775]" degrees="72.63" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" precision="555" value="72.63">72.63°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D8C85A896E218968FE6CF9779230AAD1" box="[440,597,1749,1775]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Lakshadweep</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="6727B7FC6E218968FDB4F97792FEAACE" box="[608,667,1749,1776]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" unit="m" value="14.0">
|
||
<elevation id="2BF2FD2A6E218968FDB4F97792FEAACE" box="[608,667,1749,1776]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" unit="m" value="14.0">14 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, coll
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="10B710446E218968FD09F9779388AAD1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3893655315" box="[733,1005,1749,1775]" collectingDate="2019-10-21" collectionCode="AMG" country="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="C6CE82DC6E218968FD09F9779347AAD1" box="[733,802,1749,1775]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9qz-7eka" name="Albany Museum" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">AMG</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<date id="D4613CD96E218968FCF9F9779388AAD1" box="[813,1005,1749,1775]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" value="2019-10-21">
|
||
<collectingDate id="C425C5316E218968FCF9F9779388AAD1" box="[813,1005,1749,1775]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" value="2019-10-21">21 October 2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A0601A196E218968FF13F95B9358AB2D" blockId="4.[151,1437,1533,1992]" box="[199,829,1785,1811]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="10B710446E218968FF13F95B935CAB2D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3893655305" box="[199,825,1785,1811]" country="India" location="South" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E218968FF13F95B9103AB2D" bold="true" box="[199,358,1785,1811]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<typeStatus id="7F64A4BB6E218968FF13F95B9167AB2D" box="[199,258,1785,1811]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<location id="A5004CC26E218968FEB8F95B91C8AB2D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2876AB0F6E21896AFF43FB5095F9AFBF:A5004CC26E218968FEB8F95B91C8AB2D" box="[364,429,1785,1811]" country="India" name="South" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">South</location>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D8C85A896E218968FE61F95B918AAB2D" box="[437,495,1785,1811]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D8C85A896E218968FDF1F95B92F7AB2D" box="[549,658,1785,1811]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C44E67E86E218968FD75F95B9355AB2D" author="Dendy, A." box="[673,816,1785,1811]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" pagination="93 - 94" refId="ref5191" refString="Dendy, A. (1889) Report on a Second Collection of Sponges from the Gulf of Manaar. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 3 (14), 73 - 99, pls. II - V, pp. 93 - 94. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938909460303" type="journal article" year="1889">Dendy 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A0601A196E218968FF13F8BF939FABF9" blockId="4.[151,1437,1533,1992]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E218968FF13F8BF91B5AB09" bold="true" box="[199,464,1821,1847]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">External morphology.</emphasis>
|
||
Specimens erect, fan-shaped, compressed and lobate with a broad base. Prolifically branched, thin lamellae with sinuous margins. Specimens
|
||
<quantity id="6727B7FC6E218968FCE0F8E393C3AB62" box="[820,934,1857,1884]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" unit="cm" value="14.5" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="13.0">13–16 cm</quantity>
|
||
height and
|
||
<quantity id="6727B7FC6E218968FBE5F8E394F0AB62" box="[1073,1173,1857,1884]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" unit="cm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5–10 cm</quantity>
|
||
width. Colour orangered and yellowish when fresh (
|
||
<figureCitation id="38E4069C6E218968FE20F8C7922AAB41" box="[500,591,1893,1919]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,260,1863,1889]" captionTargetBox="[234,1354,179,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-21@5.[234,1354,179,1839]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Stylissa carteri (Dendy, 1889). A. Specimen NIO Por.3277.Lak07 showing planar, compressed, fanshaped form; scale bar = 5 cm. B. Specimen ZMA Por. 17154, showing the upright and compressed, lobate form, scale bar = 5 cm. C. Specimen NIO Por.3277.Lak07 section of showing the semi-transparent, ill-defined reticulation with styles; scale bar = 1 mm. Figs 3D–F. Spicules. D. Thick, rounded base and pointed tip, scale bar = 10 µm. E. Thin, smooth, gently curved styles, scale bar = 100 µm. F. Thin oxeas, scale bar = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7026033" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7026033/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
); pale yellow when dried and pale pink when in ethanol (
|
||
<figureCitation id="38E4069C6E218968FB0DF8C79554AB41" box="[1241,1329,1893,1919]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,260,1863,1889]" captionTargetBox="[234,1354,179,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-21@5.[234,1354,179,1839]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Stylissa carteri (Dendy, 1889). A. Specimen NIO Por.3277.Lak07 showing planar, compressed, fanshaped form; scale bar = 5 cm. B. Specimen ZMA Por. 17154, showing the upright and compressed, lobate form, scale bar = 5 cm. C. Specimen NIO Por.3277.Lak07 section of showing the semi-transparent, ill-defined reticulation with styles; scale bar = 1 mm. Figs 3D–F. Spicules. D. Thick, rounded base and pointed tip, scale bar = 10 µm. E. Thin, smooth, gently curved styles, scale bar = 100 µm. F. Thin oxeas, scale bar = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7026033" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7026033/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Surface irregularly conulose and ridged. Smooth surface between blunt conules was found in the fresh specimen while the dried specimen was rough in texture. Oscules (
|
||
<quantity id="6727B7FC6E218968FD70F80F9366ABF9" box="[676,771,1965,1991]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
|
||
) irregularly scattered.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="F4A04A916E208969FF43F8E594F0ABCF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7026033" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7026033" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7026033/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="77" startId="5.[151,260,1863,1889]" targetBox="[234,1354,179,1839]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="A0601A196E208969FF43F8E594F0ABCF" blockId="5.[151,1437,1863,2033]" pageId="5" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E208969FF43F8E59147AB5F" bold="true" box="[151,290,1863,1889]" pageId="5" pageNumber="77">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67DF619A6E208969FEFEF8E592E6AB5F" authority="(Dendy, 1889)" baseAuthorityName="Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[298,643,1863,1889]" class="Demospongiae" family="Scopalinidae" genus="Stylissa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scopalinida" pageId="5" pageNumber="77" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E208969FEFEF8E591B1AB5F" box="[298,468,1863,1889]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="77">Stylissa carteri</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C44E67E86E208969FE30F8E5921EAB5F" author="Dendy, A." box="[484,635,1863,1889]" pageId="5" pageNumber="77" pagination="93 - 94" refId="ref5191" refString="Dendy, A. (1889) Report on a Second Collection of Sponges from the Gulf of Manaar. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 3 (14), 73 - 99, pls. II - V, pp. 93 - 94. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938909460303" type="journal article" year="1889">Dendy, 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E208969FD5BF8E592CFAB5F" bold="true" box="[655,682,1863,1889]" pageId="5" pageNumber="77">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Specimen NIO Por.3277.Lak07 showing planar, compressed, fanshaped form; scale bar = 5 cm.
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E208969FE2AF8C9927DABBB" bold="true" box="[510,536,1899,1925]" pageId="5" pageNumber="77">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Specimen ZMA Por. 17154, showing the upright and compressed, lobate form, scale bar = 5 cm.
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E208969FE83F82D910EAB97" bold="true" box="[343,363,1935,1961]" pageId="5" pageNumber="77">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Specimen NIO Por.3277.Lak07 section of showing the semi-transparent, ill-defined reticulation with styles; scale bar = 1 mm.
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E208969FE24F811920AABF3" bold="true" box="[496,623,1971,1997]" pageId="5" pageNumber="77">Figs 3D–F.</emphasis>
|
||
Spicules.
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E208969FD30F811929AABF3" bold="true" box="[740,767,1971,1997]" pageId="5" pageNumber="77">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Thick, rounded base and pointed tip, scale bar = 10 µm.
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E208969FA57F81195F3ABF3" bold="true" box="[1411,1430,1971,1997]" pageId="5" pageNumber="77">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Thin, smooth, gently curved styles, scale bar = 100 µm.
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E208969FCDAF875937AABCF" bold="true" box="[782,799,2007,2033]" pageId="5" pageNumber="77">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Thin oxeas, scale bar = 100 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="A0601A196E23896AFF13FF349398ACC7" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E23896AFF13FF349150AC8E" bold="true" box="[199,309,150,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Skeleton.</emphasis>
|
||
Irregular network of stylote spicules. Spongin fibres are semitransparent (133–140 µm thickness and mesh size 20–30 µm) and spicules are plumosely arranged (
|
||
<figureCitation id="38E4069C6E23896AFC91FF1993FAACEB" box="[837,927,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,260,1863,1889]" captionTargetBox="[234,1354,179,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-21@5.[234,1354,179,1839]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Stylissa carteri (Dendy, 1889). A. Specimen NIO Por.3277.Lak07 showing planar, compressed, fanshaped form; scale bar = 5 cm. B. Specimen ZMA Por. 17154, showing the upright and compressed, lobate form, scale bar = 5 cm. C. Specimen NIO Por.3277.Lak07 section of showing the semi-transparent, ill-defined reticulation with styles; scale bar = 1 mm. Figs 3D–F. Spicules. D. Thick, rounded base and pointed tip, scale bar = 10 µm. E. Thin, smooth, gently curved styles, scale bar = 100 µm. F. Thin oxeas, scale bar = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7026033" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7026033/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Some areas of the network are opaque and some have vacant spaces. A small line of granules formed the external cortex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A0601A196E23896AFF13FEA09521AD5B" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E23896AFF13FEA09155AD22" bold="true" box="[199,304,258,284]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Spicules.</emphasis>
|
||
One
|
||
<typeStatus id="7F64A4BB6E23896AFEBFFEA191FEAD23" box="[363,411,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of style (both thin and thick), mostly stout rounded base and slightly curved and tapered and slightly curved tips. Thick styles (length 320.5–
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E23896AFD72FE859296AD7F" box="[678,755,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">410.17</emphasis>
|
||
–465.89 µm; width 9–
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E23896AFC3CFE859467AD7F" box="[1000,1026,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">11</emphasis>
|
||
–15 µm) are more than the thin styles (length 293.5–
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E23896AFEEEFEE991E2AD5B" box="[314,391,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">341.73</emphasis>
|
||
–398.58 µm; width 9.93–
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E23896AFD70FEE992A5AD5B" box="[676,704,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">13</emphasis>
|
||
–14.5 µm) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="38E4069C6E23896AFC90FEE993A7AD5B" box="[836,962,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,260,1863,1889]" captionTargetBox="[234,1354,179,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-21@5.[234,1354,179,1839]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Stylissa carteri (Dendy, 1889). A. Specimen NIO Por.3277.Lak07 showing planar, compressed, fanshaped form; scale bar = 5 cm. B. Specimen ZMA Por. 17154, showing the upright and compressed, lobate form, scale bar = 5 cm. C. Specimen NIO Por.3277.Lak07 section of showing the semi-transparent, ill-defined reticulation with styles; scale bar = 1 mm. Figs 3D–F. Spicules. D. Thick, rounded base and pointed tip, scale bar = 10 µm. E. Thin, smooth, gently curved styles, scale bar = 100 µm. F. Thin oxeas, scale bar = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7026033" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7026033/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Figs 3D–E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Few oxeas were found (
|
||
<figureCitation id="38E4069C6E23896AFB35FEE99552AD5B" box="[1249,1335,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,260,1863,1889]" captionTargetBox="[234,1354,179,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-21@5.[234,1354,179,1839]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Stylissa carteri (Dendy, 1889). A. Specimen NIO Por.3277.Lak07 showing planar, compressed, fanshaped form; scale bar = 5 cm. B. Specimen ZMA Por. 17154, showing the upright and compressed, lobate form, scale bar = 5 cm. C. Specimen NIO Por.3277.Lak07 section of showing the semi-transparent, ill-defined reticulation with styles; scale bar = 1 mm. Figs 3D–F. Spicules. D. Thick, rounded base and pointed tip, scale bar = 10 µm. E. Thin, smooth, gently curved styles, scale bar = 100 µm. F. Thin oxeas, scale bar = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7026033" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7026033/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E8C549926E23896AFF13FECC9116AD93" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="A0601A196E23896AFF13FECC9116AD93" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E23896AFF13FECC918BADB7" bold="true" box="[199,494,366,393]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Distribution and ecology</emphasis>
|
||
. Common in the Indo-West Pacific, Eastern Indonesian reefs and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D8C85A896E23896AFB05FECD955DADB7" box="[1233,1336,367,393]" name="Australia" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C44E67E86E23896AFA92FECD9102AD93" author="Hooper, J. N. A. & Van Soest, R. W. M." pageId="6" pageNumber="78" refId="ref5718" refString="Hooper, J. N. A. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.) (2002) Systema Porifera: a guide to the classification of Sponges. Vols. 1 & 2. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, New York, 1708 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / aqc. 593" type="book" year="2002">Hooper & Van Soest 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E8C549926E23896AFF13FE1595F9AFBF" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="A0601A196E23896AFF13FE159238AE27" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E23896AFF13FE15915EADEF" bold="true" box="[199,315,439,465]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67DF619A6E23896AFE90FE15918AADEE" baseAuthorityName="Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[324,495,439,465]" class="Demospongiae" family="Scopalinidae" genus="Stylissa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scopalinida" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E23896AFE90FE15918AADEE" box="[324,495,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Stylissa carteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was the only record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67DF619A6E23896AFCD0FE15933FADEF" authorityName="Hallmann" authorityYear="1914" box="[772,858,439,465]" class="Demospongiae" family="Scopalinidae" genus="Stylissa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scopalinida" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E23896AFCD0FE15933FADEF" box="[772,858,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Stylissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the southwest Indian coast. It was originally described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67DF619A6E23896AFEF3FE7992F8ADCB" authority="(Dendy, 1889)" baseAuthorityName="Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[295,669,475,501]" class="Demospongiae" family="Dictyonellidae" genus="Acanthella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E23896AFEF3FE799196ADCA" box="[295,499,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Acanthella carteri</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C44E67E86E23896AFDD5FE7992F0ADCB" author="Dendy, A." box="[513,661,475,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" pagination="93 - 94" refId="ref5191" refString="Dendy, A. (1889) Report on a Second Collection of Sponges from the Gulf of Manaar. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 3 (14), 73 - 99, pls. II - V, pp. 93 - 94. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938909460303" type="journal article" year="1889">Dendy, 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, recorded again by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C44E67E86E23896AFCA3FE799477ADCB" author="Dendy, A." box="[887,1042,474,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" pagination="57 - 246" refId="ref5252" refString="Dendy, A. (1905) Report on the sponges collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar 1905. Vol. 3 Supplement 18. Royal Society, London, pp. 57 - 246, pls. I - XVI. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 18069 # page / 71 / mode / 1 up]" type="book chapter" year="1905">Dendy (1905)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67DF619A6E23896AFB9CFE79949DADCA" baseAuthorityName="Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[1096,1272,475,501]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Axinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E23896AFB9CFE79949DADCA" box="[1096,1272,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Axinella carteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C44E67E86E23896AFAD2FE7995F2ADCB" author="Burton, M." box="[1286,1431,475,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" pagination="4" refId="ref4925" refString="Burton, M. (1937) Supplement to the littoral fauna of Krusadai Island in the Gulf of Manaar: Porifera. Bulletin of the Madras Government Museum, New Series, Natural History Section 1, 2, pl. 4. [https: // www. worldcat. org / title / supplement-to-thelittoral-fauna-of-krusadai-island-in-the-gulf-of manaar-porifera / oclc / 35608751]" type="journal article" year="1937">Burton 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C44E67E86E23896AFF43FE5D9154AE27" author="Thomas, P. A." box="[151,305,511,537]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" refId="ref6012" refString="Thomas, P. A. (1986) Demospongiae of the Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay. In: James, P. S. B. R. (Ed.), Recent Advances in Marine Biology. Vol. 5. Today and Tomorrow's Printers and Publishers, New Delhi, pp. 205 - 365." type="book" year="1986">Thomas 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) from the Gulf of Mannar.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A0601A196E23896AFF13FD819299AF63" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">
|
||
The new records of this species presented here from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D8C85A896E23896AFCC4FD819329AE03" box="[784,844,547,573]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
, with erect, lamellate morphology, orange-red colour live condition, and irregularly arranged curved stylote spicules in a fibrous skeleton, match the
|
||
<typeStatus id="7F64A4BB6E23896AFB23FDE59542AE5F" box="[1271,1319,583,609]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67DF619A6E23896AFF6CFDC99245AEBB" authority="Dendy, 1889" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1889" box="[184,544,619,645]" class="Demospongiae" family="Dictyonellidae" genus="Acanthella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E23896AFF6CFDC991E3AEBA" box="[184,390,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Acanthella carteri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C44E67E86E23896AFE5BFDC99245AEBB" author="Dendy, A." box="[399,544,619,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" pagination="93 - 94" refId="ref5191" refString="Dendy, A. (1889) Report on a Second Collection of Sponges from the Gulf of Manaar. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 3 (14), 73 - 99, pls. II - V, pp. 93 - 94. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938909460303" type="journal article" year="1889">Dendy, 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and its junior synonym
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67DF619A6E23896AFCEEFDC994B5AEBB" authority="Keller, 1889" authorityName="Keller" authorityYear="1889" box="[826,1232,619,645]" class="Demospongiae" family="Dictyonellidae" genus="Acanthella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aurantiaca">
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E23896AFCEEFDC99452AEBA" box="[826,1079,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Acanthella aurantiaca</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C44E67E86E23896AFB94FDC994B5AEBB" author="Keller, C." box="[1088,1232,619,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" pagination="396 - 397" refId="ref5787" refString="Keller, C. (1889) Die Spongienfauna des rothen Meeres (I. Halfte). Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 48, 311 - 405, pls. XX - XXV, pp. 396 - 397. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 42532215 # page / 321 / mode / 1 up]" type="journal article" year="1889">Keller, 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Also, the present specimens match the morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67DF619A6E23896AFD9CFD2D9460AE97" authority="(sensu Thomas, 1986)" baseAuthorityName="sensu Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[584,1029,655,681]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Axinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E23896AFD9CFD2D9299AE96" box="[584,764,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Axinella carteri</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E23896AFCC4FD2D932BAE96" box="[784,846,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C44E67E86E23896AFC8CFD2D9398AE97" author="Thomas, P. A." box="[856,1021,655,681]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" refId="ref6012" refString="Thomas, P. A. (1986) Demospongiae of the Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay. In: James, P. S. B. R. (Ed.), Recent Advances in Marine Biology. Vol. 5. Today and Tomorrow's Printers and Publishers, New Delhi, pp. 205 - 365." type="book" year="1986">Thomas, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Gulf of Mannar, with its lamellate and grooved texture, the brick red colour and semitransparent spongin skeleton, Conversely, spicule measurements of the present specimens from South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D8C85A896E23896AFD0BFD75937CAECF" box="[735,793,727,753]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
differ from those recorded by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C44E67E86E23896AFBBBFD759578AECF" author="Thomas, P. A." box="[1135,1309,727,753]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" refId="ref6012" refString="Thomas, P. A. (1986) Demospongiae of the Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay. In: James, P. S. B. R. (Ed.), Recent Advances in Marine Biology. Vol. 5. Today and Tomorrow's Printers and Publishers, New Delhi, pp. 205 - 365." type="book" year="1986">Thomas (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, which had stout styles (396–641 x 21–29 µm) and slender styles (901–
|
||
<date id="D4613CD96E23896AFC9CFD5993BCAF2B" box="[840,985,762,789]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" value="1470-10-07" valueMax="1470-10-15" valueMin="1470-10-07">1470 x 7–15</date>
|
||
µm), compared to styles of the current specimens which are less than 500 µm long and also the slightly curved points of styles were absent in Thomas’s (1986) specimens (which are probably an
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67DF619A6E23896AFDBAFCE19296AF63" box="[622,755,835,861]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Axinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E23896AFDBAFCE192AEAF63" box="[622,715,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Axinella</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A0601A196E23896AFF13FCC595F9AFBF" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,897]" box="[199,1436,871,897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">
|
||
A detailed comparison of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67DF619A6E23896AFE36FCC5922DAFBE" baseAuthorityName="sensu Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[482,584,871,897]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Axinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E23896AFE36FCC5922DAFBE" box="[482,584,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">S. carteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="67DF619A6E23896AFD17FCC5930AAFBF" box="[707,879,871,897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<emphasis id="92ABC60B6E23896AFD17FCC5937CAFBF" box="[707,793,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Stylissa</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the adjacent regions are presented in
|
||
<tableCitation id="ED5D2FA26E23896AFA90FCC595F3AFBF" box="[1348,1430,871,897]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,239,542,568]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparison of the main characteristics and spicule dimensions of Stylissa species from India and adjacent regions. * = Type specimens. Measurements are given in micrometers as ranges of lengths x widths of only stout and slender styles." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/F4A04A916E22896BFF43FDBC94BDAE62" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" tableUuid="F4A04A916E22896BFF43FDBC94BDAE62">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |