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128 lines
13 KiB
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<document id="D4F45020152EFCCBF03267D01E491227" ID-CLB-Dataset="35795" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.613.8309" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c9eb6df8-884d-4ab7-a470-95e6831f536d" ID-PMC="PMC5027644" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-613-1" ID-PubMed="27667928" ID-ZooBank="0FDE9BAB3DD4402DB6E1177639C32D43" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-613-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 613" ModsDocTitle="The Middle Pleistocene vertebrate fauna from Khok Sung (Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand): biochronological and paleobiogeographical implications" checkinTime="1472587903591" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Suraprasit, Kantapon, Jaeger, Jean-Jacques, Chaimanee, Yaowalak, Chavasseau, Olivier, Yamee, Chotima, Tian, Pannipa & Panha, Somsak" docDate="2016" docId="166F67A500E2CE9F21BD32BFF716CC62" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 613: 1-157" docOrigin="ZooKeys 613" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.613.8309" docTitle="Varanus sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="58" masterDocId="FFE0FFDCF21FE33DFFCFFFB3FFF4FF93" masterDocTitle="The Middle Pleistocene vertebrate fauna from Khok Sung (Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand): biochronological and paleobiogeographical implications" masterLastPageNumber="157" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="58" updateTime="1732608801679" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B07B347B006F2BCA6C28B200EF8985D0">
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<mods:title id="0B146044DD715B291E2AE599978A11B2">The Middle Pleistocene vertebrate fauna from Khok Sung (Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand): biochronological and paleobiogeographical implications</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9F13A1452F7E4ECD0ABB27EB2C537B51">Suraprasit, Kantapon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2B5FA69EA9B82EE13F87ACB9AA2AB57A">Jaeger, Jean-Jacques</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8BA85176C42B571AB86FACAD1722D261">Chaimanee, Yaowalak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1DE71A7ED90C36C37C809F664C5EB410">Chavasseau, Olivier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8E9D22A62C8C1DB8B3CC6545707D6787">Yamee, Chotima</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4A0784CBA199B270B247C245EF02B8E1">Tian, Pannipa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1260686B9BAF90F6779FA9C86CBF806F">Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9759CB71FB83E4410EC2BA8F36331497">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="3B1155578DA092F12418DB6B393E28E4">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="4BED1BE443D78CFF8E942F70583D353E">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="3F7E7C7B7D0C1D15C6F54A19B24E4274" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="08F54865B55B40A5E26350D9BD2DEE6C">613</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="6679816C30F8A618E22A6BDEB1D3D205">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="E208A60B0925429E5EC821B1618E9DFA">157</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="CD4EE9B40530A2E96FCA4896FDA6E3B5">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.613.8309</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="8836587B59AE714E3926F881A7A5D4D4">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="2C79E1E4B2F58C5B7B59C364220033CF" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.613.8309</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A3374081374CEE61217959EF8D3A62BC" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-613-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="983AC3BA3D51B2D192FD29231A122886" type="ZooBank">0FDE9BAB3DD4402DB6E1177639C32D43</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="166F67A500E2CE9F21BD32BFF716CC62" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127859882" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:166F67A500E2CE9F21BD32BFF716CC62" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/166F67A500E2CE9F21BD32BFF716CC62" lastPageId="58" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" scope_class="Reptilia" scope_family="Varanidae" scope_order="Squamata" scope_subOrder="Lacertilia">
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<subSubSection id="B1A3B040B4AC46E1005D868E02879AA5" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="4A25C13833A7D720D39BAA56BCE5CDCE" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Taxon classification Animalia Squamata Varanidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="23B15860C8D2ECE3D6A2538BCAD82F54" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E4AF4D039DEA36F91493217B2C70991E" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<taxonomicName id="96EF47E2F83380C8752C5C4C1A7A0D6F" ID-CoL="85WS" ID-ENA="8556" family="Varanidae" genus="Varanus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Varanus" order="Squamata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" rank="genus">Varanus sp.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F83ED44285C5E59E5FAF018BE99BE644" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="0823030E9E54ED6054239893DD49E8A1" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Referred material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="46E388F922287A4B30B76C33951F45BC" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Two trunk vertebrae-DMR-KS-05-03-08-36 and DMR-KS-05-03-29-36.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5CB4C05A78BD68343905E0EEF2B4DB7C" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="68938E848FD5CB628A127478D4DC5A30" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Material description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="45A4815F06E4EB805F8AF64D17A3D021" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">The vertebra DMR-KS-05-03-08-36 is more complete than the specimen DMR-KS-05-03-29-36 (for measurements, see Tab. 17). The pre- and postzygapophyses are slightly broken at the second specimen. In both specimens, the neural spines are unfortunately broken away. In anterior view, the cotyle is oval in outline, dorsoventrally compressed, and ventrally oriented (Fig. 35J). The prezygapophyses lack a part of the prezygapophyseal process and are dorsally inclined about 45°. The neural canal is narrow. The neural arch lacks a part of the zygosphene. No paracotylar foramina are present. In posterior view, the condyle and the postzygapophyses show a mirrored morphology with the anterior part. No zygantrum is observed. In dorsal view, the prezygapophyseal facets are drop-shaped and project laterally. The interzygapophyseal constriction is also present. In ventral view, the synapophyses protrude laterally and the centrum is triangular in outline (Fig. 35K).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="23A3C8364AC918FA7AA84DF5BB0F6A06" lastPageId="58" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="5F6D3CBB5EE4E1DE379BA4038DC18D7C" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Taxonomic remarks and comparisons.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C895F13C50816B1C1E9202C7F864B268" lastPageId="58" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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We assign these two vertebrae to the the family
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<taxonomicName id="C115F90B9189F351FD4FC3ACC6F6A052" class="Squamata" family="Varanidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Varanidae</taxonomicName>
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due to the following morphological characters: a centrum tapering posteriorly, a precondylar constriction, a ventrally facing cotyle, and a large and flared condyle (
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<bibRefCitation id="20A386F35C6815F232A66E7580C51731" author="Romer, AS" journalOrPublisher="University of Chicago Press, Chicago" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" title="Osteology of the reptiles." year="1956">Romer 1956</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="75D757691C6CAEE7A31B052EED8B00DD" author="Averianov, AO" journalOrPublisher="Russian Journal of Herpetology" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="143 - 147" title="A varanid lizard (Squamata: Varanidae) from the Early Eocene of Kirghizia." volume="4" year="1997">Averianov and Danilov 1997</bibRefCitation>
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). The Khok Sung vertebrae match well the genus
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<taxonomicName id="BC99082AF0FC3B927E449B6994A57B54" class="Squamata" family="Varanidae" genus="Varanus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Varanus" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Varanus</taxonomicName>
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because the condyle is much wider than the posterior end of the centrum and none of the articulatory surface is visible in ventral view. They are also similar in morphology to
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<taxonomicName id="8A6EC38150BF1C6F6F26AAB9FD5A8690" class="Squamata" family="Varanidae" genus="Varanus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Varanus" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Varanus</taxonomicName>
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according to an amphicoelous centrum,
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<pageBreakToken id="2A0BC5F0BE459ED3A5615E05914F163E" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" start="start">condyles</pageBreakToken>
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facing very dorsally (anterodorsal direction), an oval-shaped cotyle, a short neural spine, and an absence of the zygosphenes and zygantra (
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<bibRefCitation id="BC04E27E62EE44A79992C2523094E1FD" author="Lee, MSY" journalOrPublisher="Organisms Diversity & Evolution" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="25 - 45" title="Squamate phylogeny, taxon sampling, and data congruence." url="10.1016/j.ode.2004.05.003" volume="5" year="2005">Lee 2005</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="1E42D0A1C3555BC7DFDCBDA9F1F2DB26" class="Squamata" family="Varanidae" genus="Varanus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Varanus" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Varanus</taxonomicName>
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sp. is reported from the Middle Pleistocene of Phnom Loang (
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<bibRefCitation id="CA4913F44C00C0B86F056B07300B4667" author="Beden, M" journalOrPublisher="Paris" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" title="Le gisement de vertebres du Phnom Loang (Province de Kampot, Cambodge): Faune du Pleistocene moyen terminal (Loangien)." volumeTitle="Travaux et Documents de l'ORSTOM" year="1973">
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Beden and
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<normalizedToken id="3042BCA48979DF3A44F06EAA845BE171" originalValue="Guérin">Guerin</normalizedToken>
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1973
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</bibRefCitation>
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). Two varanid species,
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<taxonomicName id="D8B810FA10103078B29E2A07702D28FA" class="Squamata" family="Varanidae" genus="Varanus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Varanus komodoensis" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="komodoensis">Varanus cf. komodoensis</taxonomicName>
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(larger) and
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<taxonomicName id="01F0A2C365257F34AEDE3B1D8D6B999A" class="Squamata" family="Varanidae" genus="Varanus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Varanus salvator" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="salvator">Varanus salvator</taxonomicName>
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, are described from the Middle Pleistocene of Trinil H. K. (
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<bibRefCitation id="2D038266468C5BDB65CC7500AFF56C6C" author="Hocknull, SA" journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" title="Dragon's Paradise Lost: Palaeobiogeography, Evolution and Extinction of the Largest-Ever Terrestrial Lizards (Varanidae)." url="10.1371/journal.pone.0007241" volume="4" year="2009">Hocknull et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
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). The Khok Sung specimens are comparable in size to the recent (e.g.,
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<taxonomicName id="DE036F58A4301E9C15D6E1BF01185BA8" class="Squamata" family="Varanidae" genus="Varanus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Varanus salvator" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="salvator">Varanus salvator</taxonomicName>
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: NMW 39446/1) and fossil (e.g.,
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<taxonomicName id="1568B51AE5A9D9022BE52F6BB8F0255C" class="Squamata" family="Varanidae" genus="Varanus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Varanus" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Varanus</taxonomicName>
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sp.: RMNH DUB 3 and RMNH DUB 5792 recovered in Trinil H. K., Java) specimens. Identifying these vertebrae more precisely to the species-level, more detailed morphological comparisons need to be made in the future.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |