163 lines
20 KiB
XML
163 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="E9D7E934993C69BD9F01B8B56075C2F1" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.277262" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b9c2d7e0-8764-499d-bb41-12d19355479c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="277262" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460280425723" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Roux, Michel & Lambert, Philip" docDate="2011" docId="03F287BE0A4CE64540FAFBBBFEC7F837" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02825p054.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2825" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Ptilocrinus A.H. Clark 1907" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="17" masterDocId="FFCBFFC60A5CE655406DFFD8FFAFFF91" masterDocTitle="Two new species of stalked crinoids from the northeastern Pacific in the genera Gephyrocrinus and Ptilocrinus (Echinodermata, Crinoidea, Hyocrinidae). Effects of ontogeny and variability on hyocrinid taxonomy" masterLastPageNumber="54" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1698249390468" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="3C12971AB5EDD6632EE1662ED4337D6D">Two new species of stalked crinoids from the northeastern Pacific in the genera Gephyrocrinus and Ptilocrinus (Echinodermata, Crinoidea, Hyocrinidae). Effects of ontogeny and variability on hyocrinid taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4921362F6E416FADE1D40E0B9691830A">Roux, Michel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F0583E703BDECC0D22F70C11C8287190">Lambert, Philip</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="8CF238A0EE1BC2ED106D987F58A12D53">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A91301DC6CAF147FE2C0C94C03232233">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="09E3CFF6A3D042CDB673F9A4202E12EC">2825</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="192EF339DF2A00BC53AEA6D16E8ED20A" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F287BE0A4CE64540FAFBBBFEC7F837" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6187430" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119396676" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6187430" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F287BE0A4CE64540FAFBBBFEC7F837" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F287BE0A4CE64540FAFBBBFEC7F837" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<subSubSection id="C34165230A4CE64540FAFBBBFDE0FBEC" box="[151,591,1123,1150]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE436A80A4CE64540FAFBBBFDE0FBEC" blockId="16.[151,591,1123,1150]" box="[151,591,1123,1150]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<heading id="D0AC81C40A4CE64540FAFBBBFDE0FBEC" bold="true" box="[151,591,1123,1150]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B92FEABA0A4CE64540FAFBBBFDE0FBEC" bold="true" box="[151,591,1123,1150]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D2B0A4CE6454083FBBCFDE0FBEC" ID-CoL="8FZXF" authority="A.H. Clark, 1907" authorityName="A.H. Clark" authorityYear="1907" box="[238,591,1123,1150]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Ptilocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92FEABA0A4CE6454083FBBCFEDBFBEF" bold="true" box="[238,372,1124,1150]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ptilocrinus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B590A4CE6454116FBBBFDE0FBEC" author="Clark" box="[379,591,1123,1149]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Clark, A. H. (1907) A new stalked crinoid (Ptilocrinus pinnatus) from the Pacific coast with a note on Bathycrinus. Proceedings of the United States national Museum, 32, 1547, 551 - 554." type="journal article" year="1907">A.H. Clark, 1907</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34165230A4CE64540FAFB73FBE6F98B" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE436A80A4CE64540FAFB73FC9DFB51" blockId="16.[151,1436,1194,1278]" box="[151,818,1194,1216]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<typeStatus id="54E0880A0A4CE64540FAFB73FF66FB51" box="[151,201,1195,1216]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
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species of the genus:
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D2B0A4CE64541C5FB72FC80FB51" authority="A.H. Clark, 1907" authorityName="A.H. Clark" authorityYear="1907" box="[424,815,1194,1216]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Ptilocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="pinnatus">
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<emphasis id="B92FEABA0A4CE64541C5FB72FDDAFB51" box="[424,629,1194,1216]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ptilocrinus pinnatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B590A4CE6454211FB73FC80FB51" author="Clark" box="[636,815,1194,1216]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Clark, A. H. (1907) A new stalked crinoid (Ptilocrinus pinnatus) from the Pacific coast with a note on Bathycrinus. Proceedings of the United States national Museum, 32, 1547, 551 - 554." type="journal article" year="1907">A.H. Clark, 1907</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE436A80A4CE64540FAFB12FB54FB6C" blockId="16.[151,1436,1194,1278]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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Synonymy:
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D2B0A4CE645417EFB11FDDBFB4E" authority="A.H. Clark, 1907: 551" authorityName="A.H. Clark" authorityPageNumber="551" authorityYear="1907" box="[275,628,1225,1247]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Ptilocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92FEABA0A4CE645417EFB11FE2BFB4E" box="[275,388,1225,1247]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ptilocrinus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B590A4CE64541E6FB12FDEFFB4E" author="Clark" box="[395,576,1225,1247]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Clark, A. H. (1907) A new stalked crinoid (Ptilocrinus pinnatus) from the Pacific coast with a note on Bathycrinus. Proceedings of the United States national Museum, 32, 1547, 551 - 554." type="journal article" year="1907">A.H. Clark, 1907</bibRefCitation>
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: 551
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B590A4CE64542EDFB11FCA8FB4E" author="Bather" box="[640,775,1225,1247]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Bather, F. A. (1908) Ptilocrinus antarcticus n. sp. a crinoid dredged by the Belgian Antarctic expedition. Bulletin de l'Academie royale de Belgique, 3, 296 - 299." type="journal article" year="1908">Bather, 1908</bibRefCitation>
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: 297;
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D2B0A4CE645432AFB11FA37FB4E" authority="Mironov & Sorokina, 1998b: 41" authorityName="Mironov & Sorokina" authorityPageNumber="41" authorityYear="1998" box="[839,1432,1225,1247]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Ptilocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Ptilocrinus">
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<emphasis id="B92FEABA0A4CE645432AFB11FBEEFB4E" box="[839,1089,1225,1247]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ptilocrinus (Ptilocrinus)</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B590A4CE6454425FB11FADEFB4E" author="Mironov" box="[1096,1393,1225,1247]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Mironov, A. N. & Sorokina, O. A. (1998 b) Sea lilies of the order Hyocrinida (Echinodermata, Crinoidea). Zoologicheskie Issledovania, 2, 1 - 117 (in Russian)." type="journal article" year="1998" yearSuffix="b">Mironov & Sorokina, 1998b</bibRefCitation>
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: 41
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D2B0A4CE64540AAFB30FCF1FB6F" authority="Mironov & Sorokina, 1998b: 52" authorityName="Mironov & Sorokina" authorityPageNumber="52" authorityYear="1998" box="[199,862,1256,1278]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Ptilocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Chambersaecrinus">
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<emphasis id="B92FEABA0A4CE64540AAFB30FDA2FB6F" box="[199,525,1256,1278]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ptilocrinus (Chambersaecrinus)</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B590A4CE6454279FB30FC97FB6F" author="Mironov" box="[532,824,1256,1278]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Mironov, A. N. & Sorokina, O. A. (1998 b) Sea lilies of the order Hyocrinida (Echinodermata, Crinoidea). Zoologicheskie Issledovania, 2, 1 - 117 (in Russian)." type="journal article" year="1998" yearSuffix="b">Mironov & Sorokina, 1998b</bibRefCitation>
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: 52
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D2B0A4CE6454305FB30FB6BFB6C" authority="Roux et al., 2002: 817" authorityName="Roux et al." authorityPageNumber="817" authorityYear="2002" box="[872,1220,1256,1278]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Ptilocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92FEABA0A4CE6454305FB30FC76FB6F" box="[872,985,1256,1278]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ptilocrinus</emphasis>
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Roux
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<emphasis id="B92FEABA0A4CE6454471FB31FBE0FB6F" box="[1052,1103,1256,1278]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2002: 817
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</taxonomicName>
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, 822.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE436A80A4CE64540FAFAF3FBE6F98B" blockId="16.[151,1436,1322,1958]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="B92FEABA0A4CE64540FAFAF3FE2AFAD2" bold="true" box="[151,389,1322,1347]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Emended diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Five unbranched arms; proximal arm pattern usually 1+2 3 4 5+6 7+8 or 7 8+9 with first pinnule on Br4, or on Br5 with 1+2 3 4+5. Four proximal brachials nearly equal in height and width. Pinnules relatively rigid without both conspicuous genital expansion and H-shaped plates; lateral plates of the same size or smaller than cover plates, and number and extension in proximal pinnule variable. Tegmen moderately to highly inflated with moderately sized orals and variable anal cone close to oral cone. Aboral cup usually smooth, rarely with small transverse ridges; primibrachials about 2/3 radial width; basals three or usually fused. Stalk symplexies with 6–9 crenular units; distal syzygies frequently with well-developed crenularium.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34165230A4CE64540AAF9FFFEC7F837" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE436A80A4CE64540AAF9FFFBA0F9F3" blockId="16.[151,1436,1322,1958]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="B92FEABA0A4CE64540AAF9FFFE94F9AE" bold="true" box="[199,315,1575,1599]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Remarks.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B590A4CE645412EF9FFFE57F9AF" author="Wanner" box="[323,504,1574,1598]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Wanner, J. (1916 a) Ptilocrinus, eine neue Krinoidengattung aus dem Unterdevon der Eifel. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, Abhandlungen und Monatsbericht, 68, 343 - 359." type="journal article" year="1916" yearSuffix="a">Wanner (1916a)</bibRefCitation>
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erroneously used the generic name
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D2B0A4CE64543FCF9FEFBA2F9AF" box="[913,1037,1574,1598]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Ptilocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92FEABA0A4CE64543FCF9FEFBA2F9AF" box="[913,1037,1574,1598]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ptilocrinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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for a Devonian fossil species from
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<collectingCountry id="F34C76380A4CE64540FAF992FEAFF9F3" box="[151,256,1610,1634]" name="Germany" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Germany</collectingCountry>
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, which was finally assigned to the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D2B0A4CE64542A2F993FBA3F9F3" authority="Wanner, 1916" authorityName="Wanner" authorityYear="1916" box="[719,1036,1610,1635]" class="Crinoidea" genus="Eifelocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cladida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92FEABA0A4CE64542A2F993FCF7F9F2" box="[719,856,1611,1635]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Eifelocrinus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B590A4CE6454332F993FBA3F9F3" author="Wanner" box="[863,1036,1610,1634]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Wanner, J. (1916 b) Eifelocrinus ind Peripterocrinus, nom. nov. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, 68, Monatsbericht, 8 - 11, 200." type="journal article" year="1916" yearSuffix="b">Wanner, 1916b</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE436A80A4CE64540A8F9B7FEC7F837" blockId="16.[151,1436,1322,1958]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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As he described
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<emphasis id="B92FEABA0A4CE64541E9F9B7FDB5F917" box="[388,538,1647,1670]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. a n t a rc t i c u s</emphasis>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B590A4CE6454243F9B6FC90F917" author="Bather" box="[558,831,1646,1670]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Bather, F. A. (1908) Ptilocrinus antarcticus n. sp. a crinoid dredged by the Belgian Antarctic expedition. Bulletin de l'Academie royale de Belgique, 3, 296 - 299." type="journal article" year="1908">Bather (1908: 297–298)</bibRefCitation>
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gave the first diagnosis of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D2B0A4CE6454482F9B6FAC4F917" box="[1263,1387,1646,1670]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Ptilocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92FEABA0A4CE6454482F9B6FAC4F917" box="[1263,1387,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ptilocrinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. He recognized the following main characters as significant at the generic level: first pinnule on Br4; arm articulation restricted to 2/3 radial width; brachial pair at Br5+6; other brachial pairs infrequent and irregular distally. According to
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B590A4CE6454089F902FD96F963" author="Mironov" box="[228,569,1754,1778]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Mironov, A. N. & Sorokina, O. A. (1998 b) Sea lilies of the order Hyocrinida (Echinodermata, Crinoidea). Zoologicheskie Issledovania, 2, 1 - 117 (in Russian)." type="journal article" year="1998" yearSuffix="b">Mironov & Sorokina (1998b)</bibRefCitation>
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, the presence of H-shaped plates in pinnules justifies the distinction of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D2B0A4CE64540B2F927FED2F887" box="[223,381,1791,1814]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Dumetocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92FEABA0A4CE64540B2F927FED2F887" box="[223,381,1791,1814]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Dumetocrinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and they include two subgenera in the genus
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<emphasis id="B92FEABA0A4CE64543EFF926FB3DF887" box="[898,1170,1790,1814]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D2B0A4CE64543EFF926FBECF887" box="[898,1091,1790,1814]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Ptilocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="sensu">
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Ptilocrinus
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21C57C10A4CE6454468F927FBECF887" box="[1029,1091,1791,1814]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" sensu="stricto">sensu</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</taxonomicName>
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stricto
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</emphasis>
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, i.e.
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D2B0A4CE64544A5F926FA33F887" box="[1224,1436,1790,1814]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Chambersaecrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Millericrinida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92FEABA0A4CE64544A5F926FA33F887" box="[1224,1436,1790,1814]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Chambersaecrinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D2B0A4CE64540AAF8FBFEECF8AA" box="[199,323,1827,1851]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Ptilocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92FEABA0A4CE64540AAF8FBFEECF8AA" box="[199,323,1827,1851]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ptilocrinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D2B0A4CE645419BF8FBFDDDF8AA" box="[502,626,1827,1851]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Ptilocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hyocrinida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FEABA0A4CE645419BF8FBFDDDF8AA" box="[502,626,1827,1851]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ptilocrinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is based on derived characters in tegmen and distal stalk syzygies. The subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D2B0A4CE6454165F89EFE74F8CF" box="[264,475,1862,1886]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Chambersaecrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Millericrinida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FEABA0A4CE6454165F89EFE74F8CF" box="[264,475,1862,1886]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Chambersaecrinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is pragmatically maintained for the other species. Complementary studies might be conducted to determine if
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D2B0A4CE64541D0F8B3FD3EF812" box="[445,657,1899,1923]" class="Crinoidea" family="Hyocrinidae" genus="Chambersaecrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Millericrinida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FEABA0A4CE64541D0F8B3FD3EF812" box="[445,657,1899,1923]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Chambersaecrinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could be raised to the genus level or if the distinction of two subgenera is not justified.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |