254 lines
31 KiB
XML
254 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="49C2446DBC63D1CC934A4D7ADE73FD91" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.363.1.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13703414" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725581356715" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Negaresh, Kazem & Rahiminejad, Mohammad Reza" docDate="2018" docId="03E887F4DF57FF8919D43E9CF327F842" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.363.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 363 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.363.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.4:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Centaurea karamianiae Negaresh 2014" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="450" masterDocId="FFD1FF8CDF12FFCC195C3E3CF14EFF83" masterDocTitle="A revision of Centaurea sect. Cynaroides (Asteraceae, Cardueae-Centaureinae)" masterLastPageNumber="450" masterPageNumber="448" pageNumber="448" updateTime="1725593506943" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="876D79477C9C948E93B99443A60F9F1A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A013928BE0BEB251F3516F5D53E2D748">
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<mods:title id="95704C51A51EC62951791C30F00D46CA">A revision of Centaurea sect. Cynaroides (Asteraceae, Cardueae-Centaureinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="B935D5AC1E08AF72C9512E8BDD80EAB2" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="20EB47240E7B537C35D6C0004476F5D4">
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<mods:roleTerm id="7CB7C9C37CDF75DE3C6786E5A1379602">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="3494D0D324CF524A82B2340C941A02D7">Negaresh, Kazem</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4C87E9AA4F485BCFD6BE362CBF264E92">Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Khuzestan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Mollasani, Ahvaz, Iran. (* Corresponding author e-mail: negaresh @ ramin. ac. ir)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="5E91F626F2CB58A481E82740DA1138D3" type="email">negaresh@ramin.ac.ir</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="4F5EDFA7DD500CF479F6B546C97FB23C" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="40F6F1A8520BCA4EA5A4CD2572CCD74E">
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<mods:roleTerm id="ACEF144DF56584A7F44D2BB039B5E7F5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="7DE6108519B081119A903DFD91AA28AD">Rahiminejad, Mohammad Reza</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="763CE09C7F6F4D9F601B678BD0B0A923">Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Khuzestan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Mollasani, Ahvaz, Iran. (* Corresponding author e-mail: negaresh @ ramin. ac. ir) & Department of Biology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746 - 73441, Iran. & Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Khuzestan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Mollasani, Ahvaz, Iran. (* Corresponding author e-mail: negaresh @ ramin. ac. ir)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="305CD142643C75098CEE59F77E06A3C4" type="email">negaresh@ramin.ac.ir</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8B0DE0894BAC4C16AEC52730AB0488A5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="0D8B22CB9658975A00044166122E4C8F">
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<mods:title id="330A9E298AF6E5F3E3BE8C55ABCF5059">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="35063306F90D27DFA694792453D26F9C">
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<mods:date id="9952E0035B82789728EFB689E2F1FC81">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="90D03B43C2F35EB9FB5109E628011F52" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="FB465152D645940FAB785F6BD1C5A93E">2018-08-02</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="0C4CB9BDF0ADAB935FA8399F6F7D4BD6" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="041509E502DC40AF5D14586AB4F72901">363</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="451888093D09D61310797D3253069E80" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="6DDBA17FB0022DD43255A6B0218DC742">1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="045C308A037BAFB9AA57FC8B0CAA6C14" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="AEE50F60184C65E0E7F2E7E03290047B">448</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="EC40CF3BED54332C802A8344E41BF7BA">450</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location id="BB97AB9366242A1C0305A1E6C6488559">
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<mods:url id="AA81FACFA2C155FD253E2AE127029BA7">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.363.1.1</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="4DF56F1B7008DB9B8D216ADFB3F36A1A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="41317324F89011E0CBAB4BA1265BAC78" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.363.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="63D1CFEF461216084D53161123038329" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3695920953B46A56582680E281DA2C3F" type="Zenodo-Dep">13703414</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03E887F4DF57FF8919D43E9CF327F842" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13703762" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13703762" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E887F4DF57FF8919D43E9CF327F842" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E887F4DF57FF8919D43E9CF327F842" pageId="69">
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<subSubSection id="C35B6569DF57FF8919D43E9CF53FFF5E" pageId="69" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFE36E2DF57FF8919D43E9CF53FFF5E" blockId="69.[136,1451,158,221]" pageId="69">
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<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF57FF8919D43E9CF1E5FF3A" bold="true" box="[136,171,160,185]" pageId="69">21.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C414D61DF57FF8919EF3EA2F386FF3A" ID-CoL="S6SZ" authority="Negaresh (2014: 230)" authorityName="Negaresh" authorityPageNumber="230" authorityYear="2014" box="[179,712,158,185]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="karamianiae">
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<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF57FF8919EF3EA2F088FF3A" bold="true" box="[179,454,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="69">Centaurea karamianiae</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B293CBFDF57FF8918933E9CF386FF3A" box="[463,712,160,185]" collectingDate="2012-06-31" collectionCode="BASU" collectorName="Ranjbar & Negaresh" country="Iran" elevation="1375" location="Kamyaran" municipality="Type" pageId="69" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kermanshah" typeStatus="holotype">Negaresh (2014: 230)</materialsCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B9AAC98DF57FF891B8F3E9CF240FF3A" box="[723,782,160,185]" pageId="69">Type</collectingMunicipality>
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||
:—
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3567672DF57FF891A733E9CF239FF3A" box="[815,887,160,185]" name="Iran" pageId="69">IRAN</collectingCountry>
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. Prov.
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<collectingRegion id="4985F800DF57FF891A983E9CF518FF3A" box="[964,1110,160,185]" country="Iran" name="Kermanshah" pageId="69">Kermanshah</collectingRegion>
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:
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<location id="8E9E6039DF57FF891D3D3E9CF597FF3A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E887F4DF57FF8919D43E9CF327F842:8E9E6039DF57FF891D3D3E9CF597FF3A" box="[1121,1241,160,185]" country="Iran" municipality="Type" name="Kamyaran" pageId="69" stateProvince="Kermanshah">Kamyaran</location>
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,
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891DB93E9CF4CDFF3A" box="[1253,1411,160,185]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.375" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="69" unit="m" value="1375.0" valueMax="1450.0" valueMin="1300.0">
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<elevation id="006CD1D1DF57FF891DB93E9CF4CDFF3A" box="[1253,1411,160,185]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.375" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="69" unit="m" value="1375.0" valueMax="1450.0" valueMin="1300.0">1300–1450 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FFFF1022DF57FF891CD33E9CF1B3FF5E" pageId="69" value="2012-06-31">
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<collectingDate id="EFBBE9CADF57FF891CD33E9CF1B3FF5E" pageId="69" value="2012-06-31">31 June 2012</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF57FF8918543EF8F371FF5E" box="[264,575,196,221]" italics="true" pageId="69">
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<collectorName id="26B45334DF57FF8918543EF8F02AFF5E" box="[264,356,196,221]" pageId="69">Ranjbar</collectorName>
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&
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<collectorName id="26B45334DF57FF8918D43EF8F0BCFF5E" box="[392,498,196,221]" pageId="69">Negaresh</collectorName>
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28690
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</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus id="54FA8840DF57FF891B123EF8F3FCFF5E" box="[590,690,196,221]" pageId="69" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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BASU!, photo herb. Negaresh).
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<figureCitation id="137A2A67DF57FF891D7E3EF8F53FFF5E" box="[1058,1137,196,221]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="70.[136,229,1946,1967]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,190,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@70.[151,1436,190,1921]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURE 46. Centaurea karamianiae Negaresh (Ranjbar & Negaresh 28690, BASU). A. close up of capitule. B. inflorescence. C. habit and habitat. D. leaves. Scale A and B = 2 cm, C = 6 cm, D = 4 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13703528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13703528/files/figure.png" pageId="69">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35B6569DF57FF8919D43F30F327F842" pageId="69" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFE36E2DF57FF8919D43F30F014FABA" blockId="69.[136,1453,268,1985]" pageId="69">
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Biennial plants, with thick fleshy taproot, whole plant usually green,
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891ADC3F30F544FEA6" box="[896,1034,268,293]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="69" unit="cm" value="170.0" valueMax="180.0" valueMin="160.0">160–180 cm</quantity>
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tall; collar of fibrous petiolar remains present at stem base. Stem erect, usually simple, stout, ca.
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891A7E3F0CF23CFECA" box="[802,882,304,329]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
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in diam. at base, cylindrical, with thick and white striations, loosely leafy throughout, lower part reddish and glabrescent, median part sparsely covered with hirsute-articulate and scattered arachnoid hairs, upper part sparsely covered with arachnoid hairs to subglabrous. Leaves stiff, papyraceous (on drying), loosely covered with hirsute-articulate hairs, especially on midrib and veins, up to
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891CC23FA0F1FAFE5A" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
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long, somewhat heteromorphic in length, and with minute gland hairs. Basal leaves very large, broadly cordate, 45–50 ×
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF8919B73FD8F012FE7E" box="[235,348,484,509]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="69" unit="cm" value="22.0" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="18.0">18–26 cm</quantity>
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, with a
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF8918EE3FD8F36EFE7E" box="[434,544,484,509]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="69" unit="cm" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">15–20 cm</quantity>
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petiole, entire, obtuse to subacute at apex. Lower cauline leaves with a
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891C613FD8F4E5FE7E" box="[1341,1451,484,509]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="69" unit="cm" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">15–20 cm</quantity>
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petiole, broadly cordate-ovate or broadly cordate-lanceolate, 42–50 ×
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891AC83C34F548FDA2" box="[916,1030,520,545]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="69" unit="cm" value="22.5" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="19.0">19–26 cm</quantity>
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, with basal auricles, margin scabrous, rounded or obtuse at apex. Median cauline leaves sessile, broadly oblanceolate or pandurate, 24–38 ×
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891C6E3C10F4E9FDC6" box="[1330,1447,556,581]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="69" unit="cm" value="17.5" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="13.0">13–22 cm</quantity>
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, winged or broadly decurrent, up to
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891B4B3C6CF33BFDEA" box="[535,629,592,617]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 mm</quantity>
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along stem, margins scabrous, obtuse to subacute at apex. Upper cauline leaves increasingly smaller, sessile, simple, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 6–13 ×
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891D713C48F5E1FD0E" box="[1069,1199,628,653]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="69" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="1.5">1.5–4.5 cm</quantity>
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, loosely covered with hirsute-articulate and sparsely arachnoid hairs, narrowly decurrent, up to
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891A953CA4F557FD32" box="[969,1049,664,689]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
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along stem, some of the leaves not decurrent, margin subscabrous, acuminate at apex. Capitula numerous, 24 to 26, arranged in a raceme, borne on long leafless peduncles, upper peduncles
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891B433CDCF3C0FD7A" box="[543,654,736,761]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="69" unit="cm" value="19.0" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="15.0">15–23 cm</quantity>
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long, median peduncles with 2–3 heads, sometimes with bracts similar to phyllaries with small stramineous and chaffy appendages. Involucres globose, convex at base, 35–40 ×
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891C393D38F1F9FCC2" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="40.0" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="35.0">35–45 mm</quantity>
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. Phyllaries multiseriate, green in vivo, yellow-greenish in sicco, imbricate, coriaceous-scarious, densely lanate-tomentose, up to
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF89181A3D70F0D4FCE6" box="[326,410,844,869]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
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long; appendages small, rigid, concealing a minor part of phyllaries, straw-coloured with pale brown nerves or dirty white, inner ones brownish, not decurrent. Outer phyllaries ovate, 6–9 ×
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891DF53D4CF450FC0A" box="[1193,1310,880,905]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="7.75" valueMax="8.5" valueMin="7.0">7–8.5 mm</quantity>
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; appendages triangular, 7.5–9 ×
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF8918033DA8F0F2FC2E" box="[351,444,916,941]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4–6 mm</quantity>
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(including cilia and spine), with 4–5 (
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891A343DA8F2BCFC2E" box="[872,1010,916,941]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="0.5">0.5–2.5 mm</quantity>
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) cilia on each side, gradually narrowed into a
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF8919913D84F064FC52" box="[205,298,952,977]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
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spine. Median phyllaries broadly ovate to oblong, 12–15 ×
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891A993D84F50FFC52" box="[965,1089,952,977]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="11.5" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="10.0">10–13 mm</quantity>
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; appendages triangular, 10–12 ×
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF8919D43DE0F1A8FC76" box="[136,230,988,1013]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 mm</quantity>
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(including cilia and spine), with 2–3 (
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891BCA3DE0F3BBFC76" box="[662,757,988,1013]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
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||
) cilia on each side, or entire, gradually narrowed into a
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891C313DE0F1FAFB9A" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="5.25" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.5">4.5–6 mm</quantity>
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spine. Inner phyllaries broadly lanceolate, 16–30 ×
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891BA53A3CF23BFB9A" box="[761,885,1024,1049]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="14.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="13.0">13–15 mm</quantity>
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; appendages narrowly lanceolate, 12–15 ×
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891C043A3CF1F8FBBE" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="1.5">1.5–3.5 mm</quantity>
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, entire but sometimes fringed. Flowers white in vivo, sulphur in sicco; central florets hermaphroditic, ca.
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<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891C013A18F4E2FBBE" box="[1373,1452,1060,1085]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="55.0">55 mm</quantity>
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long, corolla ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF89181C3A74F0C3FBE2" box="[320,397,1096,1121]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 5-lobed, lobes ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891BC63A74F394FBE2" box="[666,730,1096,1121]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, with orange nerves, anther tube white, style slightly shorter than corolla, stigma bifid, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF8918BD3A50F377FB06" box="[481,569,1132,1157]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, exserted part from corolla up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891AA63A50F50EFB06" box="[1018,1088,1132,1157]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
; peripheral florets sterile, much shorter than central ones, very few (
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891B7F3AACF322FB2A" box="[547,620,1168,1193]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" metricValueMax="7.62" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="69" unit="in" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">1–3 in</quantity>
|
||
each capitulum) and very inconspicuous, finely dissected, not radiant, 5- lobed, limb lobe linear to narrowly lanceolate, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891BE13A88F3B0FB4E" box="[701,766,1204,1229]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Achenes lanceolate-oblong,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891DDE3A88F5BAFB4E" box="[1154,1268,1204,1229]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.5" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="8.75" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="8.5">8.5–9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891C663A88F4E3FB4E" box="[1338,1453,1204,1229]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="4.25" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="4.0">4–4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, smooth and shiny, whitish or yellowish, rounded at apex, glabrescent; insertion areole lateral,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891DA43AE4F425FB72" box="[1272,1387,1240,1265]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="0.9" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Pappus persistent, multiseriate, scabrous, white and pale purple, pappus ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891A8E3AC0F56FFA96" box="[978,1057,1276,1301]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, bristles of inner rows slightly longer than others.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE36E2DF57FF8919E13B78F2A5FA4A" blockId="69.[136,1453,268,1985]" pageId="69">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF57FF8919E13B78F336FADE" bold="true" box="[189,632,1348,1373]" pageId="69">Taxonomic and distribution remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C414D61DF57FF891BC83B78F2D2FADE" authorityName="Negaresh" authorityYear="2014" box="[660,924,1348,1373]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="karamianiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF57FF891BC83B78F2D2FADE" box="[660,924,1348,1373]" italics="true" pageId="69">Centaurea karamianiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a very rare endemic to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4985F800DF57FF891DF23B78F4E9FADE" box="[1198,1447,1348,1373]" country="Iran" name="Kermanshah" pageId="69">Kermanshah Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
, W
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3567672DF57FF8919F73B54F196FA02" box="[171,216,1384,1409]" name="Iran" pageId="69">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="137A2A67DF57FF8919B53B54F071FA02" box="[233,319,1384,1409]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="71.[136,229,960,981]" captionTargetBox="[166,1384,198,911]" captionTargetId="figure-14@71.[151,1436,175,935]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="FIGURE 47. Distribution of Centaurea karamianiae (circles), C. kurdica subsp. kurdica (squares), and C. kurdica subsp. ciliata (triangles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13703532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13703532/files/figure.png" pageId="69">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is an Irano-Turanian element, and grows on fallow fields and roadsides, at elevations of
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891C393B54F1AEFA26" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.375" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="69" unit="m" value="1375.0" valueMax="1450.0" valueMin="1300.0">1300– 1450 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="137A2A67DF57FF8919AD3BB0F016FA26" box="[241,344,1420,1445]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="70.[136,229,1946,1967]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,190,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-17@70.[151,1436,190,1921]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURE 46. Centaurea karamianiae Negaresh (Ranjbar & Negaresh 28690, BASU). A. close up of capitule. B. inflorescence. C. habit and habitat. D. leaves. Scale A and B = 2 cm, C = 6 cm, D = 4 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13703528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13703528/files/figure.png" pageId="69">Fig. 46C</figureCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B13DF57FF89182D3BB0F395FA26" author="Negaresh, K. & Rahiminejad, M. R." box="[369,731,1420,1445]" pageId="69" pagination="229 - 244" refId="ref67972" refString="Negaresh, K. & Rahiminejad, M. R. (2014) A contribution to the taxonomy of Centaurea sect. Cynaroides (Asteraceae, Cardueae - Centaureinae) in Iran. Phytotaxa 158 (3): 229 - 244. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 158.3.3" type="journal article" year="2014">Negaresh & Rahiminejad 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C414D61DF57FF891BB33BB0F2B2FA26" authorityName="Negaresh" authorityYear="2014" box="[751,1020,1420,1445]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="karamianiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF57FF891BB33BB0F2B2FA26" box="[751,1020,1420,1445]" italics="true" pageId="69">Centaurea karamianiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is only known from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54FA8840DF57FF891C423BB0F400FA26" box="[1310,1358,1420,1445]" pageId="69">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality (Kamyaran) in Shahu Mountains. It closely resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C414D61DF57FF891BB73B8CF228FA4A" authorityName="Negaresh" authorityYear="2014" box="[747,870,1456,1481]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alfonsoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF57FF891BB73B8CF228FA4A" box="[747,870,1456,1481]" italics="true" pageId="69">C. alfonsoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its habit.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE36E2DF57FF8919E13BE8F33BF81E" blockId="69.[136,1453,268,1985]" pageId="69">
|
||
In addition,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C414D61DF57FF89181E3BE8F0BEFA6E" authorityName="Negaresh" authorityYear="2014" box="[322,496,1492,1517]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="karamianiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF57FF89181E3BE8F0BEFA6E" box="[322,496,1492,1517]" italics="true" pageId="69">C. karamianiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shares some characters such as indumentum of stem, color of flowers and appendages, number and status of peripheral florets with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C414D61DF57FF891BC03BC4F50BF992" box="[668,1093,1528,1553]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="69" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="amadanensis" subSpecies="amadanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF57FF891BC03BC4F21AF992" box="[668,852,1528,1553]" italics="true" pageId="69">C. amadanensis</emphasis>
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF57FF891AEF3BC4F50BF992" box="[947,1093,1528,1553]" italics="true" pageId="69">amadanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, it markedly differs from the latter in basal leaves broadly cordate, undivided, 45–50 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891AD43820F2B6F9B6" box="[904,1016,1564,1589]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="69" unit="cm" value="22.0" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="18.0">18–26 cm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF57FF891D563820F56FF9B6" box="[1034,1057,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="69">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. ovate-triangular or cordate-ovate, sometimes lyrate, terminal segments very larger, 13–20 × (8–)
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891A61387CF2FFF9DA" box="[829,945,1600,1625]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="69" unit="cm" value="13.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="12.0">12–15 cm</quantity>
|
||
), median cauline leaves broadly oblanceolate or pandurate, 24–38 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF8918D43858F0B9F9FE" box="[392,503,1636,1661]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="69" unit="cm" value="17.5" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="13.0">13–22 cm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF57FF891B543858F351F9FE" box="[520,543,1636,1661]" italics="true" pageId="69">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. broadly lanceolate, oblong to oblong-subpandurate, (8–)10–14(–18) ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891C1B3858F4D1F9FE" box="[1351,1439,1636,1661]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="69" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2–4 cm</quantity>
|
||
), capitula 24 to 26, arranged in a raceme, borne on long leafless peduncles, upper peduncles
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891DC238B4F441F922" box="[1182,1295,1672,1697]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="69" unit="cm" value="19.0" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="15.0">15–23 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, median peduncles with 2–3 heads (
|
||
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF57FF8918E03890F09DF946" box="[444,467,1708,1733]" italics="true" pageId="69">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. (2–)5 to 15(–50), usually arranged in a raceme but sometimes in a raceme-dichasium, or upper capitula arranged in a raceme and lowest ones arranged in a dichasium, upper capitula sessile or with short peduncule, gradually longer towards base, up to 20(–30) cm long, lowest sometimes with 2–5 heads), involucres globose, 35–40 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF89180F3924F083F8B2" box="[339,461,1816,1841]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="40.0" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="35.0">35–45 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF57FF8918813924F0BAF8B2" box="[477,500,1816,1841]" italics="true" pageId="69">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. ovoid or obconical, 25–35 × 22–30(–35) mm), phyllaries with distinct appendages, appendages usually ciliate and triangular or lanceolate (
|
||
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF57FF891BA63900F25FF8D6" box="[762,785,1852,1877]" italics="true" pageId="69">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. only with
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891ACD3900F2B3F8D6" box="[913,1021,1852,1877]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="5.0">5–20 mm</quantity>
|
||
spine, entire, rarely fringed in above), flowers ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891850395CF013F8FA" box="[268,349,1888,1913]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="55.0">55 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF57FF891832395CF0CBF8FA" box="[366,389,1888,1913]" italics="true" pageId="69">vs</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF8918C8395CF341F8FA" box="[404,527,1888,1913]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="39.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="38.0">38–40 mm</quantity>
|
||
) long, anther tube color white (
|
||
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF57FF891A25395CF2DEF8FA" box="[889,912,1888,1913]" italics="true" pageId="69">vs</emphasis>
|
||
. pink), and also achenes
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891DEC395CF46AF8FA" box="[1200,1316,1888,1913]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.5" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="8.75" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="8.5">8.5–9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF891C30395CF1FAF81E" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="4.25" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="4.0">4–4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide (
|
||
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF57FF89185D39B8F056F81E" box="[257,280,1924,1949]" italics="true" pageId="69">vs</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF89187B39B8F0CAF81E" box="[295,388,1924,1949]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6–8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF57FF89189639B8F369F81E" box="[458,551,1924,1949]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="69" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE36E2DF57FF8919E13994F327F842" blockId="69.[136,1453,268,1985]" box="[189,617,1960,1985]" pageId="69">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF57FF8919E13994F099F842" bold="true" box="[189,471,1960,1985]" pageId="69">Chromosome numbers:</emphasis>
|
||
—Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |