247 lines
33 KiB
XML
247 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="9A81866CD93CA4DFC83063DC638691D2" ID-ISSN="11755334" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629669596441" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Norrbom, Allen L., Sutton, Bruce D., Steck, Gary J. & Monzón, José" docDate="2010" docId="03E387FBFFAC97046DADFA99EF40ACDF" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02398p065.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2398" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Phacelochaeta Norrbom & Sutton & Steck & Monzón 2010, new genus" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="FFDAFF83FF8C97256D3AFF9EED5BAA04" masterDocTitle="New genera, species and host plant records of Nearctic and Neotropical Tephritidae (Diptera) 2398" masterLastPageNumber="65" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1699093411328" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="D93B7B9C77D8C06E69B8530B6F6F9724">New genera, species and host plant records of Nearctic and Neotropical Tephritidae (Diptera) 2398</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="0A3BF14D7019CD2F392103319E07661C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F1796EC973944191CFA443472E4AD553">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="5F3B05E72694CE847A3B9655A5A4F046">Norrbom, Allen L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="31EC5D7A9DDE660531E1B77079950D81">Sutton, Bruce D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3F420248DABB711FF2C44853F410A109">Steck, Gary J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="451567A68B95B9D8B4A0ED6D9983F03B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="48B0F3C113FB7FF0667FAB550D84064E">Monzón, José</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="FBF2BAD1C91AF752199A7B4D907F4BE9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="11298809D1B083D34C058EF8C6CC3AF8">
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<mods:date id="951A9D3B170EF2469CA591C8012D1849">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="38D99CE7461510B213F6ACB6C1271E91">2010-03-12</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="54F053B048989CDDC570A71061DFE622">2398</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="33EEDFBAE04A0C979B137ED08E1DA4BA">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="EB646207D42919652145AD9A388F7845" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E387FBFFAC97046DADFA99EF40ACDF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5327854" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5327854" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E387FBFFAC97046DADFA99EF40ACDF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E387FBFFAC97046DADFA99EF40ACDF" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<subSubSection id="C3506566FFAC97056DADFA99EF0FAF25" box="[151,596,1287,1313]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF536EDFFAC97056DADFA99EF0FAF25" blockId="32.[151,596,1287,1313]" box="[151,596,1287,1313]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<heading id="D0BD8181FFAC97056DADFA99EF0FAF25" bold="true" box="[151,596,1287,1313]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAC97056DADFA99EF0FAF25" bold="true" box="[151,596,1287,1313]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFFAC97056DADFA99EC9DAF25" ID-CoL="89R47" authority="Norrbom" authorityName="Norrbom & Sutton & Steck & Monzón" authorityYear="2010" box="[151,454,1287,1313]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Phacelochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAC97056DADFA99EC13AF25" bold="true" box="[151,328,1287,1313]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Phacelochaeta</emphasis>
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Norrbom
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D5784FFAC97056CE9FA99EF0FAF25" box="[467,596,1287,1313]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3506566FFAC97056DADFAD3EE74AF60" box="[151,815,1357,1380]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF536EDFFAC97056DADFAD3EE74AF60" blockId="32.[151,815,1357,1380]" box="[151,815,1357,1380]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<typeStatus id="54F1884FFFAC97056DADFAD3ED97AF60" box="[151,204,1357,1380]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFFAC97056C17FAD3EE70AF60" authority="Hendel, 1914" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1914" box="[301,811,1357,1380]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Procecidochares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quinquefasciata">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAC97056C17FAD3EFCAAF60" box="[301,657,1357,1380]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Procecidochares quinquefasciata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B1CFFAC97056FA2FAD3EE70AF60" author="Hendel, F." box="[664,811,1357,1380]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 84" refId="ref42164" refString="Hendel, F. (1914) Die Bohrfliegen Sudamerikas. Ubersicht und Katalog der bisher aus der neotropischen Region beschriebenen Tephritinen. Abhandlungen und Berichte des Koniglichen Zoologischen und Anthropologisch-Ethnographischen Museums zu Dresden (1912), 14 (3): 1 - 84." type="journal article" year="1914">Hendel, 1914</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3506566FFAC97046DADFA0CEFE7AB68" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BF536EDFFAC97056DADFA0CE837AC63" blockId="32.[151,1436,1426,1975]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAC97056DADFA0CEC4CAFA8" bold="true" box="[151,279,1426,1452]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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This genus includes three species from
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<collectingCountry id="F35D767DFFAC97056FD6FA0CEE14AFA8" box="[748,847,1426,1452]" name="Ecuador" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F35D767DFFAC97056E61FA0CEECAAFA8" box="[859,913,1426,1452]" name="Peru" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Peru</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F35D767DFFAC97056EF3FA0CE979AFA8" box="[969,1058,1426,1452]" name="Bolivia" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
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, one of which is here described. Their biology is unknown, but they occur at relatively high elevations (
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<quantity id="4CB29B08FFAC97056EC8FA26E9C6AFD6" box="[1010,1181,1464,1490]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="3900.0" valueMax="5000.0" valueMin="2800.0">2800–5000 m</quantity>
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). The two previously described species have most recently been classified in the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFFAC97056E96FA43E9C0AFF3" authority="Bezzi" authorityName="Bezzi" authorityYear="1910" box="[940,1179,1501,1527]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Cecidochares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAC97056E96FA43E917AFF2" box="[940,1100,1501,1526]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Cecidochares</emphasis>
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Bezzi
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</taxonomicName>
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, but do not belong in that genus nor the tribe
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFFAC97056C90F99CEE30AC18" authority="(sensu Korneyev 1999)" baseAuthorityName="sensu Korneyev" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[426,875,1538,1564]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cecidocharini">
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Cecidocharini (sensu
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B1CFFAC97056F92F99CEE3AAC18" author="Korneyev, V. A." box="[680,865,1538,1564]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="549 - 580" refId="ref42305" refString="Korneyev, V. A. (1999) Phylogeny of the subfamily Tephritinae: Relationships of the tribes and subtribes. In: Aluja, M. & Norrbom, A. L. (Eds.), Fruit flies (Tephritidae): Phylogeny and evolution of behavior. [16] + 944 pp., CRC Press, Boca Raton., pp. 549 - 580." type="book chapter" year="1999">Korneyev 1999</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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. They have the lateral vertical seta white, lanceolate, and less than half as long as the blackish medial vertical seta, the postocular setae mixed small, acuminate and large, lanceolate, and the frons setulose medially (
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<figureCitation id="13712A68FFAC97056E71F9D3EEFAAC63" box="[843,929,1613,1639]" captionStart="FIGURES 70–74" captionStartId="37.[151,269,1949,1973]" captionTargetBox="[189,1393,295,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-96@37.[179,1410,285,1955]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURES 70–74. Phacelochaeta quinquefasciata: 70, female habitus, dorsal (Bolivia: “Cordillere”, USNMENT00213092); female terminalia (Bolivia: “Cordillere”, USNMENT00213094): 71, oviscape, ventral; 72, eversible membrane, ventral; 73, aculeus, ventral; 74, aculeus tip, ventral." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 70</figureCitation>
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) (see discussion under
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFFAC97056988F9D3E800AC62" box="[1202,1371,1613,1638]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Dracontomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAC97056988F9D3E800AC62" box="[1202,1371,1613,1638]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Dracontomyia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF536EDFFAC97056DFCF9ECE82DADB3" blockId="32.[151,1436,1426,1975]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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Probable synapomorphies of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFFAC97056F26F9EDEF91AC88" authorityName="Norrbom & Sutton & Steck & Monzón" authorityYear="2010" box="[540,714,1651,1676]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Phacelochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAC97056F26F9EDEF91AC88" box="[540,714,1651,1676]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Phacelochaeta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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include: scutellum (
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<figureCitation id="13712A68FFAC97056E83F9ECE954AC88" box="[953,1039,1650,1676]" captionStart="FIGURES 70–74" captionStartId="37.[151,269,1949,1973]" captionTargetBox="[189,1393,295,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-96@37.[179,1410,285,1955]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURES 70–74. Phacelochaeta quinquefasciata: 70, female habitus, dorsal (Bolivia: “Cordillere”, USNMENT00213092); female terminalia (Bolivia: “Cordillere”, USNMENT00213094): 71, oviscape, ventral; 72, eversible membrane, ventral; 73, aculeus, ventral; 74, aculeus tip, ventral." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 70</figureCitation>
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) with 5 marginal clusters of whitish, lanceolate setulae, including one proximal to each basal seta, one on both sides between the basal and apical setae, and an unpaired medial apical cluster between the apical setae (a pair basal to the basal seta occurs in most
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFFAC97056DCCF97DEC08ACF8" box="[246,339,1763,1788]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Stenopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAC97056DCCF97DEC08ACF8" box="[246,339,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Stenopa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and some
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFFAC97056CEEF97DEF82ACF8" box="[468,729,1762,1788]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Dracontomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAC97056CEEF97DEF26ACF8" box="[468,637,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Dracontomyia</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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and in many
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFFAC97056E41F97CE979ACF8" baseAuthorityName="sensu Korneyev" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[891,1058,1762,1788]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cecidocharini">Cecidocharini</taxonomicName>
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, e.g.,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFFAC97056952F97DE855ACF8" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1914" box="[1128,1294,1763,1788]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Hetschkomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAC97056952F97DE855ACF8" box="[1128,1294,1763,1788]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Hetschkomyia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFFAC97056827F97DED93AD25" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1914" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Neorhagoletis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAC97056827F97DED93AD25" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Neorhagoletis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and a few species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFFAC97056CEFF896EF2EAD25" authorityName="Bezzi" authorityYear="1910" box="[469,629,1800,1825]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Cecidochares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAC97056CEFF896EF2EAD25" box="[469,629,1800,1825]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Cecidochares</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFFAC97056F8BF896EE2EAD25" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1914" box="[689,885,1800,1825]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Procecidochares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAC97056F8BF896EE2EAD25" box="[689,885,1800,1825]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Procecidochares</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but the 3 distal clusters are unique to
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFFAC97056873F896EDA7AD42" authorityName="Norrbom & Sutton & Steck & Monzón" authorityYear="2010" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Phacelochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAC97056873F896EDA7AD42" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Phacelochaeta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); subscutellum with ventral half nonmicrotrichose (also occurs in
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFFAC9705693CF8B3E9F7AD42" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1914" box="[1030,1196,1837,1862]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Hetschkomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAC9705693CF8B3E9F7AD42" box="[1030,1196,1837,1862]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Hetschkomyia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFFAC970569DEF8B3E8D2AD42" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1914" box="[1252,1417,1837,1862]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Neorhagoletis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAC970569DEF8B3E8D2AD42" box="[1252,1417,1837,1862]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Neorhagoletis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); wing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A68FFAC97056DDBF8CCEC35AD68" box="[225,366,1874,1900]" captionStart="FIGURES 47–56" captionStartId="26.[151,269,1709,1733]" captionTargetBox="[159,1434,193,1665]" captionTargetId="figure-139@26.[159,1444,187,1694]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 47–56. Wings: 47, Lamproxynella impluviata (Chile: Estero Tiltil, USNMENT00049165); 48, Neosphaeniscus m-nigrum (Argentina: 3 km N Puerto Lobos); 49, N. flexuosus (Chile: Cordillera Termas de Colina); 50, Paracantha gentilis (Mexico: 2 km W San Juan Chamula); 51, Paracantha multipuncta (Chile: Camina Iquique); 52, Paracantha ruficallosa (Costa Rica: SE Rio Naranjo, USNMENT00213174); 53, P. trinotata (Mexico: Lagunas de Zempoala); 54, Phacelochaeta obliqua (Ecuador: El Tambo, USNMENT00213090); 55, P. quinquefasciata (Peru: Cuzco, USNMENT00213096); 56, P. quinquevittata (Ecuador: Danas, USNMENT00213086)." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs. 54–56</figureCitation>
|
||
) with oblique band covering pterostigma and crossveins r-m and dm-cu, r-m displaced distally, distance from bm-cu to r-m along vein M/ distance from bm-cu to dm-cu 0.73–0.76; and surstyli (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A68FFAC9705685BF8E6EDB8ADB3" captionStart="FIGURES 66–69" captionStartId="35.[151,269,1741,1765]" captionTargetBox="[182,1401,187,1696]" captionTargetId="figure-127@35.[154,1439,169,1733]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 66–69. Phacelochaeta obliqua (Ecuador: El Tambo, USNMENT00213089): 66–67, epandrium and surstyli, lateral and posterior; 68, glans, dorsal; Procecidochares suttoni (Guatemala: Santa Cruz - San Lorenzo road, USNMENT00671424): 69, epandrium and surstyli, posterior." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs. 66–67</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A68FFAC97056DD5F803EC61ADB3" box="[239,314,1949,1975]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–79" captionStartId="39.[151,269,1949,1973]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,397,1900]" captionTargetId="figure-118@39.[149,1434,383,1938]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURES 75–79. Phacelochaeta quinquefasciata: male terminalia (Bolivia: “Cordillere”, USNMENT00213091): 75– 76, epandrium and surstyli, lateral and posterior; 77–78, glans, dorsal and lateral; 79, spermatheca (Bolivia: “Cordillere”, USNMENT00213094)." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">75–76</figureCitation>
|
||
) elongate and posteriorly curved (in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFFAC97056FD0F803EEBDADB3" box="[746,998,1949,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Cecidochares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAC97056FD0F803EED1ADB2" box="[746,906,1949,1974]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Cecidochares</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
they are relatively short;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A68FFAC97056828F803E832ADB3" box="[1298,1385,1949,1975]" captionStart="FIGURES 66–69" captionStartId="35.[151,269,1741,1765]" captionTargetBox="[182,1401,187,1696]" captionTargetId="figure-127@35.[154,1439,169,1733]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 66–69. Phacelochaeta obliqua (Ecuador: El Tambo, USNMENT00213089): 66–67, epandrium and surstyli, lateral and posterior; 68, glans, dorsal; Procecidochares suttoni (Guatemala: Santa Cruz - San Lorenzo road, USNMENT00671424): 69, epandrium and surstyli, posterior." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 69</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536EDFFAD97046DFCFF06EFE7AB68" blockId="33.[151,1437,152,1755]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
In wing pattern and venation, species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFFAD97046F9BFF06EE14AAB5" authorityName="Norrbom & Sutton & Steck & Monzón" authorityYear="2010" box="[673,847,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Phacelochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAD97046F9BFF06EE14AAB5" box="[673,847,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Phacelochaeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
superficially resemble
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFFAD9704695BFF06E830AAB6" authority="Coquillett" authorityName="Coquillett" authorityYear="1910" box="[1121,1387,152,178]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Tomoplagia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAD9704695BFF06E9B7AAB5" box="[1121,1260,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Tomoplagia</emphasis>
|
||
Coquillett
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but differ from them by the same characters as above. They may be most closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFFAD97046984FF23E83CAAD2" box="[1214,1383,189,214]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Dracontomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAD97046984FF23E83CAAD2" box="[1214,1383,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Dracontomyia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFFAD97046DADFF7CEDAFAAFF" box="[151,244,226,251]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Stenopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAD97046DADFF7CEDAFAAFF" box="[151,244,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Stenopa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see discussion under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFFAD97046CC1FF7CEFFFAAFF" box="[507,676,226,251]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Dracontomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAD97046CC1FF7CEFFFAAFF" box="[507,676,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Dracontomyia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), which they resemble in mesonotal microtrichia and setulae patterns, having a strongly convex scutellum, and banded wings. They differ from species of those two genera in having crossvein r-m distinctly distal to the midlength of cell dm and in the middle of the same oblique band covering the pterostigma and crossvein dm-cu.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3506566FFAD97046DFCFEE9ED8DAC6F" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536EDFFAD97046DFCFEE9E97FAB96" blockId="33.[151,1437,152,1755]" box="[198,1060,375,402]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAD97046DFCFEE9EC05AB95" bold="true" box="[198,350,375,401]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Most major setae blackish; most setulae whitish, lanceolate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536EDFFAD97046DFCFE03EE4FA848" blockId="33.[151,1437,152,1755]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Head: Frons broad; setulose medially. 3 black frontal setae; 2 orbital setae, anterior seta black, posterior seta usually white (variable, sometimes black in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFFAD97046FEAFE5CEED0ABDF" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1914" box="[720,907,450,475]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Procecidochares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quinquefasciata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAD97046FEAFE5CEED0ABDF" box="[720,907,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">quinquefasciata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Ocellar setae well developed, black. Postocellar and postvertical setae white, lanceolate. Postocular setae mixed small brown acuminate and large white lanceolate; lateral vertical seta less than half as long as medial vertical seta, white lanceolate. Arista minutely pubescent. Proboscis capitate, labella large and fleshy.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536EDFFAD97046DFCFDC6E9E0AE08" blockId="33.[151,1437,152,1755]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Thorax: With dark brown to black ground color, mostly densely gray to tan microtrichose; posterior margin of scutum, margin of scutellum (ventral to setae) at least laterally, and at least dorsal half of subscutellum densely dark brown microtrichose; small medial area on anterior margin of scutum, entire disk of scutellum, ventral part of subscutellum, and most of mediotergite shiny, nonmicrotrichose. Mesonotal setulae white, lanceolate; nearly evenly distributed on gray or tan area of scutum; blackish posterior area of scutum nonsetulose except for 4 clusters of setulae near posterior margin. Scutellum strongly convex; nonsetulose except 5 clusters of setulae on margin, 1 pair of clusters basal to basal seta, 1 pair between basal and apical setae, and 1 unpaired cluster between apical setae. Anepisternum, anepimeron, and katepisternum setulose. Postpronotal, 2 notopleural, pre- and postsutural supra-alar, intra-alar, postalar, acrostichal, dorsocentral, 2 scutellar, 1-several anepisternal, 1-several anepimeral, and 1 katepisternal setae present. Pleural setae and setulae whitish except katepisternal seta and most dorsal anepisternal seta. Posterior notopleural seta white. Dorsocentral seta very close to transverse suture. Apical scutellar seta 1/3–1/2 as long as basal scutellar seta.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536EDFFAD97046DFCFB86EFC8AE36" blockId="33.[151,1437,152,1755]" box="[198,659,1048,1074]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Legs: Entirely yellow to orange brown.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536EDFFAD97046DFCFBA3E9D0AF39" blockId="33.[151,1437,152,1755]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Wing:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498EF80FFFAD97046C2FFBA3EC0CAE53" box="[277,343,1085,1111]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Costa</collectingRegion>
|
||
with marginal setulae at humeral break not enlarged; at subcostal break with 2–3 larger setae. Pattern with base orange brown and 5 transverse to oblique bands, basal area and subbasal band broadly connected in cells c, bm, and bcu. Third band covering pterostigma and crossveins r-m and dm-cu. Crossvein r-m at 0.71–0.77 distance from bm-cu to dm-cu. Vein R
|
||
<subScript id="17CE34A8FFAD97046E3BFB23EE41AECF" attach="left" box="[769,794,1213,1227]" fontSize="6" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">2+3</subScript>
|
||
nonsetulose dorsally and ventrally; vein R
|
||
<subScript id="17CE34A8FFAD97046821FB23E86EAECF" attach="left" box="[1307,1333,1213,1227]" fontSize="6" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">4+5</subScript>
|
||
dorsally with a few setulae basally and between r-m and dm-cu, ventrally setulose to level of dm-cu, sometimes interrupted. Vein R
|
||
<subScript id="17CE34A8FFAD97046C7BFA95EC02AF1D" attach="left" box="[321,345,1291,1305]" fontSize="6" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">2+3</subScript>
|
||
relatively straight, slightly sinuous distal to r-m; moderately long, ending considerably distal to level of dm-cu. Cell r
|
||
<subScript id="17CE34A8FFAD97046C8AFAADEC91AF45" attach="left" box="[432,458,1331,1345]" fontSize="6" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">4+5</subScript>
|
||
more or less parallel-sided, without bulla anterior to dm-cu.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536EDFFAD97046DFCFAD5EFA7AFD1" blockId="33.[151,1437,152,1755]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Male terminalia: Surstyli (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A68FFAD97046F38FAD5EFCFAF61" box="[514,660,1355,1381]" captionStart="FIGURES 66–69" captionStartId="35.[151,269,1741,1765]" captionTargetBox="[182,1401,187,1696]" captionTargetId="figure-127@35.[154,1439,169,1733]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 66–69. Phacelochaeta obliqua (Ecuador: El Tambo, USNMENT00213089): 66–67, epandrium and surstyli, lateral and posterior; 68, glans, dorsal; Procecidochares suttoni (Guatemala: Santa Cruz - San Lorenzo road, USNMENT00671424): 69, epandrium and surstyli, posterior." pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs. 66–67</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A68FFAD97046F98FAD5EFB6AF61" box="[674,749,1355,1381]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–79" captionStartId="39.[151,269,1949,1973]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,397,1900]" captionTargetId="figure-118@39.[149,1434,383,1938]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURES 75–79. Phacelochaeta quinquefasciata: male terminalia (Bolivia: “Cordillere”, USNMENT00213091): 75– 76, epandrium and surstyli, lateral and posterior; 77–78, glans, dorsal and lateral; 79, spermatheca (Bolivia: “Cordillere”, USNMENT00213094)." pageId="33" pageNumber="34">75–76</figureCitation>
|
||
) without posterodorsal lobe, elongate, projecting posteriorly at nearly 90° angle to epandrium; lateral surstylus tapering to very slender, acute apex. Medial surstylus closely associated with lateral surstylus, with pair of stout prensisetae. Glans (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A68FFAD97046919FA08E9DFAFB4" box="[1059,1156,1430,1456]" captionStart="FIGURES 66–69" captionStartId="35.[151,269,1741,1765]" captionTargetBox="[182,1401,187,1696]" captionTargetId="figure-127@35.[154,1439,169,1733]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 66–69. Phacelochaeta obliqua (Ecuador: El Tambo, USNMENT00213089): 66–67, epandrium and surstyli, lateral and posterior; 68, glans, dorsal; Procecidochares suttoni (Guatemala: Santa Cruz - San Lorenzo road, USNMENT00671424): 69, epandrium and surstyli, posterior." pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs. 68</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A68FFAD970469B5FA08E981AFB4" box="[1167,1242,1430,1456]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–79" captionStartId="39.[151,269,1949,1973]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,397,1900]" captionTargetId="figure-118@39.[149,1434,383,1938]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURES 75–79. Phacelochaeta quinquefasciata: male terminalia (Bolivia: “Cordillere”, USNMENT00213091): 75– 76, epandrium and surstyli, lateral and posterior; 77–78, glans, dorsal and lateral; 79, spermatheca (Bolivia: “Cordillere”, USNMENT00213094)." pageId="33" pageNumber="34">77–78</figureCitation>
|
||
) short and stout, mostly sclerotized, acrophallus with subapical bend.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536EDFFAD97046DFCFA7FED8DAC6F" blockId="33.[151,1437,152,1755]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Female terminalia: Oviscape moderately long, shiny nonmicrotrichose, with setulae acuminate to slightly lanceolate. Eversible membrane (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A68FFAD97046F25F998EF2EAC24" box="[543,629,1542,1568]" captionStart="FIGURES 70–74" captionStartId="37.[151,269,1949,1973]" captionTargetBox="[189,1393,295,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-96@37.[179,1410,285,1955]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURES 70–74. Phacelochaeta quinquefasciata: 70, female habitus, dorsal (Bolivia: “Cordillere”, USNMENT00213092); female terminalia (Bolivia: “Cordillere”, USNMENT00213094): 71, oviscape, ventral; 72, eversible membrane, ventral; 73, aculeus, ventral; 74, aculeus tip, ventral." pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 72</figureCitation>
|
||
) with paired taenia dorsally and ventrally, denticles simple, decreasing in size posteriorly. Aculeus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A68FFAD97046F2DF9B5EFFEAC41" box="[535,677,1579,1605]" captionStart="FIGURES 70–74" captionStartId="37.[151,269,1949,1973]" captionTargetBox="[189,1393,295,1933]" captionTargetId="figure-96@37.[179,1410,285,1955]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURES 70–74. Phacelochaeta quinquefasciata: 70, female habitus, dorsal (Bolivia: “Cordillere”, USNMENT00213092); female terminalia (Bolivia: “Cordillere”, USNMENT00213094): 71, oviscape, ventral; 72, eversible membrane, ventral; 73, aculeus, ventral; 74, aculeus tip, ventral." pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs. 73–74</figureCitation>
|
||
) relatively narrow, gradually tapering to slightly elongate, blunt apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3506566FFAD97046DFCF9EBEF40ACDF" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536EDFFAD97046DFCF9EBEF40ACDF" blockId="33.[151,1437,152,1755]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFFAD97046DFCF9EBEC08AC8B" bold="true" box="[198,339,1653,1679]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The name of this genus is derived from the Greek phakelos (cluster, bundle) and chaite (hair), in reference to the clusters of lanceolate, white setulae on the posterior margin of the scutum and scutellum. It is considered feminine in gender.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |