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<document id="E61481ACBB29579D0FB287C63AA21981" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5164832" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5164832" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1628188954649" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Ferro, Michael L. &amp; Carlton, Christopher E." docDate="2010" docId="0391879B20525E40DFF6FBC0FCBD84A0" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.0137.1-44.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2010 (137)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6D85C66E4B52897F25DA165649BC06DC.3:InsectaMundi.2009-2020.journal_article" docStyleId="6D85C66E4B52897F25DA165649BC06DC" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2009-2020.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Sonoma holmesi Ferro &amp; Carlton 2010, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="FFA8FFE3204A5E59DF36FFE3FFBA805B" masterDocTitle="Fifteen new species of Sonoma Casey from the eastern United States and a description of the male of Sonoma tolulae (LeConte) (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae)" masterLastPageNumber="44" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1699035536359" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
<mods:mods id="A573C66CE6C922A55A5A61925E4A193B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="8CCC30630B39A7C5D4BF79DB19EE34E2">
<mods:title id="CDF296AA6ABE0AB88ED5A5C4BA2C7352">Fifteen new species of Sonoma Casey from the eastern United States and a description of the male of Sonoma tolulae (LeConte) (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="5CAB0C410C78D4383A72BBB98D06DE14" type="personal">
<mods:role id="097D0221D91C8DF6EBCF65B43D8B609F">
<mods:roleTerm id="38711CD300CC95BE9427875EF47C5D37">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="14CE8ADC5B19EBBEDDFF5783A6A0AA96">Ferro, Michael L.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="7A0F4F7ABB8870479E16166C96C621CD" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C9B22375663E7DA7BF1A1D0716ADA020">
<mods:roleTerm id="8C93440AE9A60AD76993DB01FF5164B9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0DECC62BA3298C282CAD3C302E46FE78">Carlton, Christopher E.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="1544CA991E59973017C5D7EF93349246">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="83CB3D9D4F25E78B07ED3F53FD9E1E9B" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="E0F9A36260EEC24CE7CAB955E86B8536">
<mods:title id="D178D027759BDE224375BE59F5F9902F">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="0A9B51DE3903E68E5D518EA8ACAADBD0">
<mods:date id="93F7BEE59E4D68BBE3FA51D449268AFB">2010</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="0FE013F1761378BF84B0471028CBEFF4" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="52D9C957CD70A664D8FAB0F3640FDFD9">2010-09-24</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="C93B4E472F51E8C9995E5137ADC03B2F" type="volume">
<mods:number id="09A726AEF293006592547B6071645231">2010</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="79FEFECCB8E06F4193F1FF71782E2FDE" type="issue">
<mods:number id="1BFCA5B723588F8777DC6FFE114F82F5">137</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="6DAD06518B5880A564899153D787D046" unit="page">
<mods:start id="C957E4713F0D9B9FA7DF1189B347D622">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="D78F5A4A5A9EDF6CDEAC03A3A5C98CBC">44</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="759ED03FD8094E57A19CFA243EEDFBCB">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="E9656FBBD91585D39B9A07B35CC431CB" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5164832</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5B59DFC37FE9F23EC0B55EBCF907059B" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="56617043E424E06F5817C31E55FFEF60" type="Zenodo-Dep">5164832</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7C9AB760D39B5721AE8B835DD18531E8" type="ZooBank">C21EE122-D567-448B-BF20-AB9E1AE504BE</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="0391879B20525E40DFF6FBC0FCBD84A0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0391879B20525E40DFF6FBC0FCBD84A0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0391879B20525E40DFF6FBC0FCBD84A0" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
<subSubSection id="C322650620525E41DFF6FBC0FDD48460" box="[192,622,1058,1083]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B87368D20525E41DFF6FBC0FDD48460" blockId="24.[192,622,1058,1115]" box="[192,622,1058,1083]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
<heading id="D0CF81E120525E41DFF6FBC0FDD48460" bold="true" box="[192,622,1058,1083]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94CEA9F20525E41DFF6FBC0FDD48460" bold="true" box="[192,622,1058,1083]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
14.
<taxonomicName id="4C384D0E20525E41DFDDFBC0FE728460" ID-CoL="4Y9V8" authority="Ferro &amp; Carlton, 2010" authorityName="Ferro &amp; Carlton" authorityYear="2010" box="[235,456,1058,1083]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sonoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holmesi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94CEA9F20525E41DFDDFBC0FE728460" bold="true" box="[235,456,1058,1083]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Sonoma holmesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27F57E420525E41DEFAFBC0FDD48460" box="[460,622,1059,1083]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C322650620525E41DFF6FBA0FBE086C0" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B87368D20525E41DFF6FBA0FE268400" blockId="24.[192,622,1058,1115]" box="[192,412,1091,1115]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
<figureCitation id="13032A0820525E41DFF6FBA0FEAD8400" box="[192,279,1091,1115]" captionStart="Figure 11-16" captionStartId="34.[192,276,1836,1858]" captionTargetBox="[237,1434,211,1798]" captionTargetId="figure-20@34.[217,1423,192,1806]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Figure 11-16. Habitus images. 11) Sonoma streptophorophallus, holotype. 12) Sonoma nhunguyeni, holotype. 13) Sonoma tridens, holotype. 14) Sonoma holmesi, holotype. 15) Sonoma tishechkini, holotype. 16) Sonoma mayori, holotype. Scale lines equal 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5164842" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5164842/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13032A0820525E41DE15FBA0FEF98400" box="[291,323,1091,1115]" captionStart="Figure 28-31" captionStartId="38.[192,274,1836,1858]" captionTargetBox="[243,1410,235,1812]" captionTargetId="figure-21@38.[222,1440,229,1829]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 28-31. Aedeagus images.28) Sonoma streptophorophallus, aedeagus (dorsal view). 29) Sonoma nhunguyeni, aedeagus (dorsal view). 30) Sonoma tridens, aedeagus (dorsal view). 31) Sonoma holmesi, aedeagus (dorsal view). Scale lines equal 0.1 mm. Right side of figure is anatomical left." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5164862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5164862/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">31</figureCitation>
; Map 8
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B87368D20525E41DFF6FB60FBF084E0" blockId="24.[192,1440,1155,1691]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B94CEA9F20525E41DFF6FB60FED084C0" bold="true" box="[192,362,1155,1179]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Description.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="5483882F20525E41DE59FB60FE5A84C0" box="[367,480,1155,1179]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, male. Measurements: head 0.32 long, 0.41 wide; pronotum 0.45 long, 0.52 wide; elytra 0.77 long, 0.37 wide; antennomeres 1-11 total 0.97; total length 2.16.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B87368D20525E41DFC6FB20FBC684A0" blockId="24.[192,1440,1155,1691]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B94CEA9F20525E41DFC6FB20FE808480" box="[240,314,1219,1243]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Head.</emphasis>
Eyes large, maximum length in dorsal view 9/10 length of first antennal segment, with approximately 35 facets. Antennomere 2 approximately 3/4 width of 1; 3 smallest.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B87368D20525E41DFC6FAE0FC358560" blockId="24.[192,1440,1155,1691]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B94CEA9F20525E41DFC6FAE0FEEA8540" box="[240,336,1283,1307]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Thorax.</emphasis>
Elytra with row of two sutural foveae in basal 1/4; single foveae lateral of midpoint between sutural foveae; central row of 5 foveae in basal 2/5. Winged.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B87368D20525E41DFC6FAA0FC508520" blockId="24.[192,1440,1155,1691]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B94CEA9F20525E41DFC6FAA0FED08500" box="[240,362,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Transverse row of microtrichia on first visible tergite narrowly interrupted at midline. No abdominal foveae. Basal pubescence present on all visible ventrites.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B87368D20525E41DFC6FA60FBE086C0" blockId="24.[192,1440,1155,1691]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B94CEA9F20525E41DFC6FA60FED485C0" box="[240,366,1411,1435]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Aedeagus.</emphasis>
Lanceolate. Left paramere: wide, gently curving mesad; apical blade broadly triangular with acute apex; outer lateral setose process with 5 thick setae inserted dorsally and 1 thick seta inserted apically. Endophallus: lateral digitate process ventrad of right paramere, broad at base and elongate, strongly curved dorsally at apex, infiltrated with complex canaliculi; distal 1/3 of endophallus forming a broad dorsally curved shelf terminating to reinforced knob; terminating a short distance beyond reinforced portion as a thin lightly sclerotized tube. Right paramere: sinuate above base, nearly bifurcate; lateral setose process elongate, 1/3 length of entire paramere, 6 thick setae along lateral margin; lateral constriction at level of digitate process of endophallus; apical 3/5 thin with a left sigmoidal curve, apex blunt. Tubercles sparse, fine, scattered along dorsal faces of both parameres.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C322650620525E40DFF6F920FB1C8300" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B87368D20525E41DFF6F920FEA58740" blockId="24.[192,1440,1731,1915]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B94CEA9F20525E41DFF6F920FE3D8680" bold="true" box="[192,391,1731,1755]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Type Material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B503CD020525E41DEBBF920FEA58740" collectingDate="2006-04-30" collectionCode="FMNH" collectorName="Litter &amp; A. K. Tishechkin &amp; Deposited" county="Wilkes Co." elevation="1020" latitude="36.364" location="Blue Ridge Parkway" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="-81.30483" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" specimenCode="LSAM 0170166" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="5483882F20525E41DEBBF920FE448680" box="[397,510,1731,1755]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, male: *N CAROLINA:
<collectingCounty id="62E64E0120525E41DC2DF920FC258680" box="[795,927,1731,1755]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Wilkes Co.</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="8EE7605620525E41DC9FF920FB1F8680" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0391879B20525E40DFF6FBC0FCBD84A0:8EE7605620525E41DC9FF920FB1F8680" box="[937,1189,1731,1755]" county="Wilkes Co." latitude="36.364" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="-81.30483" name="Blue Ridge Parkway" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Blue Ridge Parkway</location>
, Sheets Gap.
<quantity id="4CC09B6820525E41DA70F920FA268680" box="[1350,1436,1731,1755]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="1020.0">
<elevation id="0015D1BE20525E41DA70F920FA268680" box="[1350,1436,1731,1755]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="1020.0">1020m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
<geoCoordinate id="EE0C504A20525E41DFF6F900FEFF86A0" box="[192,325,1761,1787]" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="21.84" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" precision="9" value="36.364">
36
<superScript id="7C4D9BC520525E41DFE8F902FF5C86B4" attach="none" box="[222,230,1761,1775]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">o</superScript>
21.84’N
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0C504A20525E41DE7CF900FE6D86A0" box="[330,471,1761,1787]" degrees="81" direction="west" minutes="18.29" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" precision="9" value="-81.30483">
81
<superScript id="7C4D9BC520525E41DE5EF902FECA86B4" attach="none" box="[360,368,1761,1775]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">o</superScript>
18.29’W
</geoCoordinate>
.
<collectorName id="26CD535B20525E41DED7F900FD9086A0" box="[481,554,1763,1787]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Litter</collectorName>
sifting
<date id="FF86104D20525E41DDB3F900FCA786A0" box="[645,797,1763,1787]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" value="2006-04-30">
<collectingDate id="EFC2E9A520525E41DDB3F900FCA786A0" box="[645,797,1763,1787]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" value="2006-04-30">30 Apr 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
.
<collectorName id="26CD535B20525E41DC10F900FC5286A0" box="[806,1000,1763,1787]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">A.K.Tishechkin</collectorName>
/
<specimenCode id="DB9E9EF620525E41DCCDF900FB0386A0" box="[1019,1209,1763,1787]" collectionCode="LSAM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33726" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33726" name="Louisiana State Arthropod Museum" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">LSAM 0170166</specimenCode>
(1M).
<collectorName id="26CD535B20525E41DA30F900FA3886A0" box="[1286,1410,1763,1787]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Deposited</collectorName>
in
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820525E41DFF6F8E7FEA18740" box="[192,283,1796,1819]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B87368D20525E41DFC6F8C0FA1A8720" blockId="24.[192,1440,1731,1915]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
<materialsCitation id="3B503CD020525E41DFC6F8C0FE2C8720" collectingDate="1968-06-18" collectionCode="FM, FMNH" collectorName="GarrettCo. &amp; E. KeysersRidge &amp; S. Peck &amp; Ber" country="United States of America" county="Garrett Co." location="Garrett Co." pageId="24" pageNumber="23" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maryland" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B94CEA9F20525E41DFC6F8C0FEC48760" bold="true" box="[240,382,1827,1851]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
<typeStatus id="5483882F20525E41DFC6F8C0FEC48760" box="[240,382,1827,1851]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(n=20).
<emphasis id="B94CEA9F20525E41DEDEF8C0FBF58760" bold="true" box="[488,1103,1827,1851]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
<collectingCountry id="F32F761D20525E41DEDEF8C0FD678760" box="[488,733,1827,1851]" name="United States of America" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">UNITED STATES</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49FCF86F20525E41DDDAF8C0FC218760" box="[748,923,1827,1851]" country="United States of America" name="Maryland" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">MARYLAND</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="62E64E0120525E41DC9FF8C0FBF38760" box="[937,1097,1827,1851]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Garrett Co.</collectingCounty>
:
</emphasis>
*
<collectingRegion id="49FCF86F20525E41DB55F8C0FAB68760" box="[1123,1292,1827,1851]" country="United States of America" name="Maryland" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">MARYLAND</collectingRegion>
;
<collectorName id="26CD535B20525E41DA2FF8C0FA1A8760" box="[1305,1440,1827,1851]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">GarrettCo.</collectorName>
<quantity id="4CC09B6820525E41DFF6F8A0FEBD8700" box="[192,263,1859,1883]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3796224" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" unit="mi" value="2.1">2.1mi.</quantity>
<collectorName id="26CD535B20525E41DE30F8A0FE7C8700" box="[262,454,1859,1883]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">E.KeysersRidge</collectorName>
<date id="FF86104D20525E41DEFCF8A0FDFC8700" box="[458,582,1859,1883]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" value="1968-06-18">
<collectingDate id="EFC2E9A520525E41DEFCF8A0FDFC8700" box="[458,582,1859,1883]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" value="1968-06-18">18.vi.1968</collectingDate>
</date>
, 2500’el
<collectorName id="26CD535B20525E41DD91F8A0FD408700" box="[679,762,1859,1883]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">S.Peck</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26CD535B20525E41DC35F8A0FC948700" box="[771,814,1859,1883]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Ber</collectorName>
#129 log–stump litter
<quantity id="4CC09B6820525E41DB18F8A0FB398700" box="[1070,1155,1859,1883]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="9.97903214" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" unit="lb" value="220.0">220 lbs</quantity>
, 231 liters /
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820525E41DA3CF8A0FA8C8700" box="[1290,1334,1859,1883]" country="China" name="Department of Nature, Fujian Province Museum" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">FM</collectionCode>
([?]D)68– 46 (
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820525E41DFD8F880FEFD8720" box="[238,327,1891,1915]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
) (1M)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B503CD020525E41DE94F880FA1A8720" box="[418,1440,1891,1915]" country="United States of America" county="Westmoreland Co." location="St. Vinc. Penn." pageId="24" pageNumber="23" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pennsylvania" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B94CEA9F20525E41DE94F880FC1F8720" bold="true" box="[418,933,1891,1915]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
<collectingRegion id="49FCF86F20525E41DE94F880FD288720" box="[418,658,1891,1915]" country="United States of America" name="Pennsylvania" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">PENNSYLVANIA</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="62E64E0120525E41DD96F880FC258720" box="[672,927,1891,1915]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Westmoreland Co.</collectingCounty>
:
</emphasis>
*
<location id="8EE7605620525E41DC8DF880FBCC8720" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0391879B20525E40DFF6FBC0FCBD84A0:8EE7605620525E41DC8DF880FBCC8720" box="[955,1142,1891,1915]" country="United States of America" county="Westmoreland Co." name="St. Vinc. Penn." pageId="24" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="Pennsylvania">St. Vinc. Penn.</location>
/ 10/13-[18]97 / Liebeck
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B87368D20535E40DFF6FF20FCE88280" blockId="25.[192,1441,195,732]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
Coll. / H. C.
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DE7AFF20FDEB8080" box="[332,593,195,219]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">FALL COLLECTION</collectionCode>
(
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DD68FF20FD0A8080" box="[606,688,195,219]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">MCZC</collectionCode>
) (1M). *St. Vinc. Penn. / 10/13-[18]97 / 10 [yellow circular label] / Liebeck Collection (
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DEF6FF00FDA980A0" box="[448,531,227,251]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">MCZC</collectionCode>
) (1M). *St. Vinc. Penn. / 1/2-[18]99 / H. C.
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DB2BFF00FA9D80A0" box="[1053,1319,227,251]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">FALL COLLECTION</collectionCode>
/
<taxonomicName id="4C384D0E20535E40DA0BFF00FEAC8140" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sonoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tolulae">Sonoma tolulae</taxonomicName>
LeC. (
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DE52FEE0FE0D8140" box="[356,439,259,283]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">MCZC</collectionCode>
) (1M). *Chestnut Ridge, E. of Youngstown, Westmoreland Co.,
<collectingRegion id="49FCF86F20535E40DB88FEE0FA1A8140" box="[1214,1440,259,283]" country="United States of America" name="Pennsylvania" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">PENNSYLVANIA</collectingRegion>
<date id="FF86104D20535E40DFF6FEC0FEFC8160" box="[192,326,291,315]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" value="1961-06-27">
27.
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DFD5FEC0FEBF8160" box="[227,261,291,315]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">VI</collectionCode>
.1961
</date>
/ Duff nr. Rhodod J. Wagner &amp; W. Suter leg. / [male symbol] (
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DB17FEC0FBC38160" box="[1057,1145,291,315]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
) (2M). *Chestnut Ridge, E. of Youngstown, Westmoreland Co.,
<collectingRegion id="49FCF86F20535E40DDA6FEA0FCCA8100" box="[656,880,323,347]" country="United States of America" name="Pennsylvania" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">PENNSYLVANIA</collectingRegion>
<date id="FF86104D20535E40DC40FEA0FBBD8100" box="[886,1031,323,347]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" value="1961-07-11">11.VII.1961</date>
/ Flood duff W.Suter, J.Wagner &amp; D.Reichle legs. (
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DE48FE80FE6C8120" box="[382,470,355,379]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
) (2M). *Chestnut Ridge, E. of Youngstown, Westmoreland Co.,
<collectingRegion id="49FCF86F20535E40DBF5FE80FA1B8120" box="[1219,1441,355,379]" country="United States of America" name="Pennsylvania" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">PENNSYLVANIA</collectingRegion>
<date id="FF86104D20535E40DFF6FE60FEFD81C0" box="[192,327,387,411]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" value="1961-09-16">16.IX.1961</date>
J. Wagner / Log Mold &amp; Floor Berlese (
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DC19FE60FC3281C0" box="[815,904,387,411]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
) (1M). *Chestnut Ridge, E. of Youngstown, Westmoreland Co.,
<collectingRegion id="49FCF86F20535E40DE87FE40FD2981E0" box="[433,659,419,443]" country="United States of America" name="Pennsylvania" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">PENNSYLVANIA</collectingRegion>
<date id="FF86104D20535E40DDAFFE40FCA581E0" box="[665,799,419,443]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" value="1961-09-16">16.IX.1961</date>
J.Wagner / Log Mold &amp; Floor Berlese (
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DBC1FE40FAEA81E0" box="[1271,1360,419,443]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
) (1M); same data, / [male symbol] (
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DD31FE20FDE48180" box="[519,606,451,475]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
) (1M). *Chestnut Ridge, E. of Youngstown, Westmoreland Co., PENN- SYLVANIA
<date id="FF86104D20535E40DE60FE00FE6781A0" box="[342,477,483,507]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" value="1962-06-22">
22.
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DE4CFE00FE2681A0" box="[378,412,483,507]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">VI</collectionCode>
.1962
</date>
/ Floor Litter J.Berry &amp; W.Suter leg. (
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DC9DFE00FBBE81A0" box="[939,1028,483,507]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
) (1M). *Chestnut Ridge,
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DA02FE00FA2681A0" box="[1332,1436,483,507]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">PENNA</collectionCode>
. Westmoreland Co.
<date id="FF86104D20535E40DE9DFDE0FD8B8240" box="[427,561,515,539]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" value="1964-09-16">16.IX.1964</date>
/ Litter at Log W.Suter leg. / [male symbol] (
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DB6EFDE0FB0B8240" box="[1112,1201,515,539]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
) (1M).
<emphasis id="B94CEA9F20535E40DA3FFDE0FE6B8260" bold="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
<collectingRegion id="49FCF86F20535E40DA3FFDE0FA218240" box="[1289,1435,515,539]" country="United States of America" name="Virginia" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">VIRGINIA</collectingRegion>
: Tazewell/Bland Co.:
</emphasis>
*
<collectingCountry id="F32F761D20535E40DED2FDC0FD9E8260" box="[484,548,547,571]" name="United States of America" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">USA</collectingCountry>
: Va., Tazewell– Bland Cos.,
<quantity id="4CC09B6820535E40DC48FDC0FC708260" box="[894,970,547,571]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0811136" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" unit="mi" value="4.4">4.4 mi</quantity>
S Burks Garden,
<date id="FF86104D20535E40DB90FDC0FA858260" box="[1190,1343,547,571]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" value="1968-06-30">
30–
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DBE2FDC0FB4E8260" box="[1236,1268,547,571]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">VI</collectionCode>
–1968
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DA7CFDC7FA1A8260" box="[1354,1440,548,571]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">FMHD</collectionCode>
#68–34, log litter, S. Peck (
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DD2EFDA0FDCB8200" box="[536,625,579,603]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
) (1M).
<emphasis id="B94CEA9F20535E40DDF8FDA0FB178200" bold="true" box="[718,1197,579,603]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
<collectingRegion id="49FCF86F20535E40DDF8FDA0FC078200" box="[718,957,579,603]" country="United States of America" name="West Virginia" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">WEST VIRGINIA</collectingRegion>
: Pocahontas Co.:
</emphasis>
*
<collectingCountry id="F32F761D20535E40DBF4FDA0FAB88200" box="[1218,1282,579,603]" name="United States of America" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">USA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DA39FDA7FAFB8200" box="[1295,1345,580,603]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">WV</collectionCode>
: Pocah. [Pocahontas] Co.
<quantity id="4CC09B6820535E40DEA3FD80FE638220" box="[405,473,611,635]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5749504" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" unit="mi" value="16.0">16 mi</quantity>
East Richwood near For. Serv. Rd. 437; off Hwy 150
<date id="FF86104D20535E40DB68FD87FAAC8220" box="[1118,1302,611,635]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" value="1990-08-23">VIII– 23– 1990</date>
/ Sift hardwood litter near dead logs. S. O’Keefe (
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DD42FD60FD7D82C0" box="[628,711,643,667]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33213" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33213" name="University of New Hampshire" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">DENH</collectionCode>
) (2M); same data (
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DCAFFD60FC5682C0" box="[921,1004,643,667]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33213" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33213" name="University of New Hampshire" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">DENH</collectionCode>
) (1M)
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DB02FD60FB3082C0" box="[1076,1162,643,667]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">SLIDE</collectionCode>
. *
<collectingCountry id="F32F761D20535E40DBABFD60FB6082C0" box="[1181,1242,643,667]" name="United States of America" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">USA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DBD7FD67FAAB82C0" box="[1249,1297,644,667]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">WV</collectionCode>
. Pocahontas Co.
<quantity id="4CC09B6820535E40DFD8FD40FEA782E0" box="[238,285,675,699]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04672" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" unit="mi" value="5.0">5mi</quantity>
N jct 150 &amp; 39 on 150
<date id="FF86104D20535E40DD1FFD40FD0982E0" box="[553,691,675,699]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" value="1991-05-17">
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DD1FFD40FD8582E0" box="[553,575,675,699]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
–17–1991
</date>
sift maple &amp; conif. S. O’Keefe Collr. (
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DB42FD40FB7082E0" box="[1140,1226,675,699]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33213" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33213" name="University of New Hampshire" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">DENH</collectionCode>
) (2M).
<emphasis id="B94CEA9F20535E40DA29FD40FF4E8280" bold="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
<collectingRegion id="49FCF86F20535E40DA29FD40FA1A82E0" box="[1311,1440,675,699]" country="United States of America" name="Wyoming" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Wyoming</collectingRegion>
Co.:
</emphasis>
*Pineville WVa / Leng. / 536 / 1953 (
<collectionCode id="ED29AE4820535E40DD99FD20FCB88280" box="[687,770,707,731]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">MCZC</collectionCode>
) (1M).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B87368D20535E40DFF6FCE0FB1C8300" blockId="25.[192,1440,771,859]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B94CEA9F20535E40DFF6FCE0FD828340" bold="true" box="[192,568,771,795]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Geographical Distribution.</emphasis>
Specimens have been collected from southwestern
<collectingRegion id="49FCF86F20535E40DB9AFCE0FAEF8340" box="[1196,1365,771,795]" country="United States of America" name="Pennsylvania" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Pennsylvania</collectingRegion>
south through western
<collectingRegion id="49FCF86F20535E40DEA5FCC0FDAA8360" box="[403,528,803,827]" country="United States of America" name="Maryland" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Maryland</collectingRegion>
, south central
<collectingRegion id="49FCF86F20535E40DDF3FCC7FCCE8360" box="[709,884,803,827]" country="United States of America" name="West Virginia" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">West Virginia</collectingRegion>
, and western
<collectingRegion id="49FCF86F20535E40DB2BFCC0FB3E8360" box="[1053,1156,803,827]" country="United States of America" name="Virginia" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Virginia</collectingRegion>
to northwestern
<collectingRegion id="49FCF86F20535E40DA60FCC0FE948300" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
. Specimens have been collected from elevations ranging from
<quantity id="4CC09B6820535E40DB24FCA0FB188300" box="[1042,1186,835,859]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" metricValueMax="10.2" metricValueMin="7.6" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="890.0" valueMax="1020.0" valueMin="760.0">760-1020 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C322650620535E40DFF6FC60FBD08407" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B87368D20535E40DFF6FC60FB9B8380" blockId="25.[192,1441,899,1116]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B94CEA9F20535E40DFF6FC60FEE683C0" bold="true" box="[192,348,899,923]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Comments.</emphasis>
Specimens have been collected every month from April through September from “litter,” “hardwood litter near dead logs,” sifted maple and conifer, “flood duff,” “log–stump litter,” and duff near rhododendron. A Berlese funnel has been used as a collection technique.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B87368D20535E40DFC6FC00FBD08407" blockId="25.[192,1441,899,1116]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
Aedeagal characters of
<taxonomicName id="4C384D0E20535E40DD3EFC07FD7583A0" authorityName="Ferro &amp; Carlton" authorityYear="2010" box="[520,719,995,1019]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sonoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holmesi">
<emphasis id="B94CEA9F20535E40DD3EFC07FD7583A0" box="[520,719,995,1019]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Sonoma holmesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="4C384D0E20535E40DCE8FC07FBE983A0" authorityName="Ferro &amp; Carlton" authorityYear="2010" box="[990,1107,995,1019]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sonoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridens">
<emphasis id="B94CEA9F20535E40DCE8FC07FBE983A0" box="[990,1107,995,1019]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">S. tridens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The short broadly triangular blade of the left paramere, the broadly curved knob on the distal portion of the endophallus, and the elongate lateral setose process of the right paramere in
<taxonomicName id="4C384D0E20535E40DC62FBC7FC6A8460" authorityName="Ferro &amp; Carlton" authorityYear="2010" box="[852,976,1059,1083]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sonoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holmesi">
<emphasis id="B94CEA9F20535E40DC62FBC7FC6A8460" box="[852,976,1059,1083]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">S. holmesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
will distinguish these two species. The right paramere will serve to distinguish it from all other species in the genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C322650620535E40DFF6FB60FCBD84A0" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B87368D20535E40DFF6FB60FCBD84A0" blockId="25.[192,1441,1155,1276]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B94CEA9F20535E40DFF6FB60FEE784C0" bold="true" box="[192,349,1155,1179]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet is in recognition of Orlando Park’s enthusiasm for Sherlock Holmes, that culminated in
<emphasis id="B94CEA9F20535E40DE9DFB40FA1A84E0" box="[427,1440,1187,1211]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Sherlock Holmes, Esq., and John H. Watson, M.D.: an encyclopaedia of their affairs</emphasis>
(Park 1962). The specific epithet also celebrates the 160 year-old mystery surrounding the cryptic species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C384D0E20535E40DE6CFB07FE0484A0" authorityName="Casey" authorityYear="1886" box="[346,446,1252,1275]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sonoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94CEA9F20535E40DE6CFB07FE0484A0" box="[346,446,1252,1275]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Sonoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in eastern North America.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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