244 lines
26 KiB
XML
244 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="3F330C37C63F9E3F85189D87BF7539FC" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.749.23414" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d70d7c9a-c4f1-4a64-bc13-74af983b862a" ID-PMC="PMC5904394" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-749-81" ID-PubMed="29674921" ID-ZooBank="39EA40273B4148EAB30A69BAAEB5E713" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-749-81" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 749" ModsDocTitle="A new synonym in the subfamily Thrigmopoeinae Pocock, 1900 (Araneae, Theraphosidae)" checkinTime="1523392967434" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Sankaran, Pradeep M. & Sebastian, Pothalil A." docDate="2018" docId="8F0A10E1B90913825185E53A01AF4FE6" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 749: 81-86" docOrigin="ZooKeys 749" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.749.23414" docTitle="Haploclastus devamatha Prasanth & Jose 2014" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="83" masterDocId="FFB9FF8B281AD323745777200168FF8D" masterDocTitle="A new synonym in the subfamily Thrigmopoeinae Pocock, 1900 (Araneae, Theraphosidae)" masterLastPageNumber="86" masterPageNumber="81" pageNumber="81" updateTime="1701317168944" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="2241711F80CEE058DFFD6C439BAE69C8">
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<mods:title id="F011F41DBC82940065496852EEBA9D7C">A new synonym in the subfamily Thrigmopoeinae Pocock, 1900 (Araneae, Theraphosidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="A617182B1FBF276FC34FE228323E92DD" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="135007D2C25748C3DF7EC5BBBDA25B6E">Sankaran, Pradeep M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="692E8B8A5D1EE61D536E733FE5BE539B">Sebastian, Pothalil A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="3B5561CA21C00323D7BDA13E0118F8F4">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="544BA69B6C511312BED315F17FCE21E8">749</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="FFC89B7D3001A2E448F7E408FD2F34DC" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.749.23414</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="8F0A10E1B90913825185E53A01AF4FE6" ID-GBIF-Taxon="143536386" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8F0A10E1B90913825185E53A01AF4FE6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8F0A10E1B90913825185E53A01AF4FE6" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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<subSubSection id="BA03E960382024644BF55AE98CAF69E2" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="2A52FAB83D6E09FD412A4523C7B2666B" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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<taxonomicName id="D0FEF47A99D6B6CCE8118EDCA3A80528" ID-CoL="3JM7G" authority="Prasanth & Jose, 2014" authorityName="Prasanth & Jose" authorityYear="2014" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Haploclastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haploclastus devamatha" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="devamatha">Haploclastus devamatha Prasanth & Jose, 2014</taxonomicName>
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Figs 1
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<normalizedToken id="F956A78DE2B32576FD86F85AFAAB4C21" originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
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, 2
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<normalizedToken id="3AC83F950EEABA01C5F93ADD0EC84D8F" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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, 3
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1B9687BA59957786513C4F58E0BC0717" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="5A21D6E355ED0427F69D9DB7B4F28790" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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<taxonomicName id="8797371A22CC3F1F7416DE9B54E90C24" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Haploclastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haploclastus devamatha" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="devamatha">Haploclastus devamatha</taxonomicName>
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Prasanth & Jose, 2014: 495, figs 1, 2
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<normalizedToken id="005A729F02E7A4EF2A8EBC954AB4AE84" originalValue="A–I">A-I</normalizedToken>
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, 3
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<normalizedToken id="F4C96803B177EBB66D708BB74E480D27" originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
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, 4
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<normalizedToken id="D5AF1E326C8883C691B978710CD9DE77" originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
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(Description and illustration of female).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="75C14032E4E4E12C7790B67C3BF18FBE" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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<taxonomicName id="48161D17DD977CB8A3004A56E92F6121" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Thrigmopoeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thrigmopoeus psychedelicus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="psychedelicus">Thrigmopoeus psychedelicus</taxonomicName>
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Sanap & Mirza, 2014: 481, figs 1, 2
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<normalizedToken id="A0CCA445E894502EC7245F35443D86D4" originalValue="a–d">a-d</normalizedToken>
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, 3
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<normalizedToken id="DA6C0B4847820F3E6F6CDF4803B5DF08" originalValue="a–c">a-c</normalizedToken>
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, 3e, 4 (Misidentification; description and illustration of female). New synonym.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FCB5140A1095DA792C93B08872113752" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="CE601AE461D3A948E88066E5FA370B98" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="34AD8168683D29FA8BBF8304105828A0" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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Holotype female of
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<taxonomicName id="91C89E315C2C6885C44C157C6D164B9E" lsidName="H. devamatha" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rank="species" species="devamatha">H. devamatha</taxonomicName>
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(DMCK 13/110) from INDIA: Kerala: Kollam: Kulathupuzha Forest Reserve,
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<geoCoordinate id="BC7C593CD81B5A178DC55889E5180A29" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="8.901769">8°54'6.37"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="DAD4E3083A620E835372B61CE1401DED" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="77.06436">77°3'51.70"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 134 m alt., Prasanth M. T. & Sunil Jose K. leg., 31 July 2013, repository Deva Matha College, Kuravilangad, Kerala (DMCK), not examined. Paratype female collected together with the holotype deposited in the reference collection of Sacred Heart College, Thevara (ADSH101501), examined.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E7A45C4046D6DD90B63C1C13799CAA35" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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Holotype female of
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<taxonomicName id="F63C67E9DEEE7E92DB2FBD7BA22FA706" lsidName="T. psychedelicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rank="species" species="psychedelicus">T. psychedelicus</taxonomicName>
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(BNHS SP115) from INDIA: Kerala: Kollam: near Thenmala: Ambanad Tea Estate,
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<geoCoordinate id="4870873616E8F81A3CF814633A8379ED" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="9.038334">9°2'18"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="CC7474EE001C0060D23B8E3227D6ED34" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="77.08945">77°5'22"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 561 m alt., Rajesh Sanap, Zeeshan Mirza & Karthik Prabhu leg., 22 December 2013, repository Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai, (BNHS), not examined.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FAC5961519BB2CB34AF325B79D40C38C" pageId="1" pageNumber="82" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="7EB824C852439010B84B98C055D7506C" pageId="1" pageNumber="82">
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<pageBreakToken id="33904591307A46BE18C92B65FAA1ECD8" pageId="1" pageNumber="82" start="start">Other</pageBreakToken>
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material examined.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="76C2529E545F51EF3C51F886820B8BEC" pageId="1" pageNumber="82">
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INDIA, Kerala: Kollam: Thenmala,
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<geoCoordinate id="669B40E5C31394DC72F15B76E3639960" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="8.958528">8°57'30.7"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="54DA9E476963BA1A46BA26E18BF36C8B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="77.17747">77°10'38.9"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 567 m alt., 10 January 2015, M. S. Pradeep leg., from burrows on mud embankment, by hand: 2 females (ADSH101502) (NEW RECORD); Kulathupuzha Forest Reserve,
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<geoCoordinate id="0A2667669A5826B59EDB67DD6E391FAF" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="8.901769">8°54'6.37"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="A7646F2AFC936F607A9659BD7701E299" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="77.06436">77°3'51.70"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 134 m alt., 11 January 2015, M. S. Pradeep leg., from burrows on mud embankment and forest floor, by hand: 4 females, 3 subadult females (ADSH101503).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E77A2543359B70C5F1B79C48DCCC1F61" pageId="1" pageNumber="82" type="description">
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<paragraph id="9C913B4C317615816A13202B9BB70657" pageId="1" pageNumber="82">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D657657D72CC722F3B5B031D2A297044" pageId="1" pageNumber="82">
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For description and other details of the species, see
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<bibRefCitation id="55EECC39CCCB8F50DE7B3079639DF998" author="Sanap, RV" journalOrPublisher="Comptes Rendus Biologies" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" pagination="480 - 486" title="A new iridescent tarantula of the genus Thrigmopoeus Pocock, 1899 from Western Ghats, India." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2014.06.003" volume="337" year="2014">Sanap and Mirza (2014)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7EB3C60EDE142D66CB53CABC16650716" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="1" pageNumber="82" type="justification of the synonymy">
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<paragraph id="CF90BA3094F88E3E25EDD03AC8F8F389" pageId="1" pageNumber="82">Justification of the synonymy.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="906BCDB08621714A806E9F1CBA304CF7" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="1" pageNumber="82">
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Although the types of
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<taxonomicName id="04C3947B76990BF2229AB1A29D600A5F" lsidName="T. psychedelicus" pageId="1" pageNumber="82" rank="species" species="psychedelicus">T. psychedelicus</taxonomicName>
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were not examined, good illustrations and images of this species are available (
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<bibRefCitation id="51E7952FA19E9CE8C971477E26590176" author="Sanap, RV" journalOrPublisher="Comptes Rendus Biologies" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" pagination="480 - 486" title="A new iridescent tarantula of the genus Thrigmopoeus Pocock, 1899 from Western Ghats, India." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2014.06.003" volume="337" year="2014">Sanap and Mirza 2014</bibRefCitation>
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: figs 1, 2
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<normalizedToken id="7DF4884CCBDD41386E47169C03BE4ED5" originalValue="a–d">a-d</normalizedToken>
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, 3
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<normalizedToken id="698F8043157C50FCB50A3BE2CFC2E603" originalValue="a–e">a-e</normalizedToken>
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). In the original description of
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<taxonomicName id="7D965361FA656C6BA03BA06B11D3512D" lsidName="H. devamatha" pageId="1" pageNumber="82" rank="species" species="devamatha">H. devamatha</taxonomicName>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EC73F253DA8A88EF9D94E57EC68ED23B" author="Prasanth, MT" journalOrPublisher="Munis Entomology and Zoology" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" pagination="494 - 500" title="A new species of the genus Haploclastus from Western Ghats, India (Araneae: Theraphosidae)." volume="9" year="2014">Prasanth and Jose (2014)</bibRefCitation>
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pointed out several diagnostic somatic features for this species. The first
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<pageBreakToken id="7C9EFAF3494DD144D73FC1B182F98C2F" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" start="start">and</pageBreakToken>
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most important diagnostic character refers to the body colouration of this species, which has iridescent blue and pink colouration.
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<bibRefCitation id="5CDF121AE2EE09DB26C96DA2CB27132D" author="Sanap, RV" journalOrPublisher="Comptes Rendus Biologies" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" pagination="480 - 486" title="A new iridescent tarantula of the genus Thrigmopoeus Pocock, 1899 from Western Ghats, India." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2014.06.003" volume="337" year="2014">Sanap and Mirza (2014)</bibRefCitation>
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also noted the same body colouration for
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<taxonomicName id="A93516778D1ED5183ED55BB78BF7D71E" lsidName="T. psychedelicus" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="psychedelicus">T. psychedelicus</taxonomicName>
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(compare
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<bibRefCitation id="A39F8C769900BA4A00FC5C802EE0C057" author="Prasanth, MT" journalOrPublisher="Munis Entomology and Zoology" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" pagination="494 - 500" title="A new species of the genus Haploclastus from Western Ghats, India (Araneae: Theraphosidae)." volume="9" year="2014">Prasanth and Jose 2014</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 1 with
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<bibRefCitation id="1874F371E795A861697A9D15E59C3565" author="Sanap, RV" journalOrPublisher="Comptes Rendus Biologies" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" pagination="480 - 486" title="A new iridescent tarantula of the genus Thrigmopoeus Pocock, 1899 from Western Ghats, India." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2014.06.003" volume="337" year="2014">Sanap and Mirza 2014</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 4). The original illustrations of cheliceral and maxillary lyrae of
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<taxonomicName id="262DE32449C39064906899699EE5457B" lsidName="T. psychedelicus" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="psychedelicus">T. psychedelicus</taxonomicName>
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are exact matches with the colour photographs of the same provided for
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<taxonomicName id="CB79AC08F82611E43BEAF9636112A5F5" lsidName="H. devamatha" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="devamatha">H. devamatha</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="406530E9455FA438C7FD782F255390CD" author="Prasanth, MT" journalOrPublisher="Munis Entomology and Zoology" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" pagination="494 - 500" title="A new species of the genus Haploclastus from Western Ghats, India (Araneae: Theraphosidae)." volume="9" year="2014">Prasanth and Jose (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
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(compare
|
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<bibRefCitation id="555F27A9470F6CFA9345DE9F6797D54B" author="Sanap, RV" journalOrPublisher="Comptes Rendus Biologies" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" pagination="480 - 486" title="A new iridescent tarantula of the genus Thrigmopoeus Pocock, 1899 from Western Ghats, India." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2014.06.003" volume="337" year="2014">Sanap and Mirza 2014</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 3
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<normalizedToken id="56087692088087BE3AEC2FEA02B11CFB" originalValue="a–c">a-c</normalizedToken>
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with
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<bibRefCitation id="A981C34A896F1896C7A63CC22E8B5DE4" author="Prasanth, MT" journalOrPublisher="Munis Entomology and Zoology" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" pagination="494 - 500" title="A new species of the genus Haploclastus from Western Ghats, India (Araneae: Theraphosidae)." volume="9" year="2014">Prasanth and Jose 2014</bibRefCitation>
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: figs 3B, 3D, 4
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<normalizedToken id="ABBB1778BFC194BDD2F35F44177A25DC" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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). Though the spermathecae of
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<taxonomicName id="8442435EDAD9F90E815A1B245A5A28C5" lsidName="H. devamatha" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="devamatha">H. devamatha</taxonomicName>
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(
|
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<bibRefCitation id="14C440641B877613DD408F43759F3AF5" author="Prasanth, MT" journalOrPublisher="Munis Entomology and Zoology" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" pagination="494 - 500" title="A new species of the genus Haploclastus from Western Ghats, India (Araneae: Theraphosidae)." volume="9" year="2014">Prasanth and Jose 2014</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 2F) seem quite different from that of
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<taxonomicName id="F631EF0C3E1051480B9E4B7880421FE6" lsidName="T. psychedelicus" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="psychedelicus">T. psychedelicus</taxonomicName>
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, detailed examination of the paratype and topotypes of
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<taxonomicName id="C33DDB71DA542C354B6D236FAC7E40E8" lsidName="H. devamatha" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="devamatha">H. devamatha</taxonomicName>
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reveals that their illustration is imperfect and misleading, and that both these specimens indeed belong to the same species. The species
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<taxonomicName id="7673730C6BFB2138AC14E792581D9FFB" lsidName="T. psychedelicus" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="psychedelicus">T. psychedelicus</taxonomicName>
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should thus be regarded as a junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="91B88F023220568E7B7B9067833F4D04" lsidName="H. devamatha" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="devamatha">H. devamatha</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="FD2ADB0B2687503F724B3ECB8CEBC31A" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">
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<paragraph id="5F424F506E4B0E1ADC5A6CB34930A91C" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">
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Figure 1.
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<taxonomicName id="35724F9E4EF2985912F7CB8B1583B522" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Haploclastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haploclastus devamatha" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="devamatha">Haploclastus devamatha</taxonomicName>
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Prasanth & Jose, 2014 A female with egg sac from Thenmala (pink form), dorso-retrolateral B female from Thenmala (blue form), dorsal C active burrows of juveniles on the road side mud embankment, Thenmala D active burrow of adult female on the forest floor, Kulathupuzha Forest Reserve. Photo credit Jimmy Paul.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DA9BF448A068693F50328E4A764BABD0" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<paragraph id="D8C528C253E7D18930131751352D9144" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">
|
||
Figure 2.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="819A42039A903152880CD47CF96BD3D4" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Haploclastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haploclastus devamatha" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="devamatha">Haploclastus devamatha</taxonomicName>
|
||
Prasanth & Jose, 2014 A genitalia, dorsal B left chelicera, prolateral showing teeth arrangement. S = Spermatheca. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 2 mm (B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="85768FD41B9F1A203594BAC5843555CD" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" type="notes">
|
||
<paragraph id="65C4FCD822D5363EA2FF01FE48A0F098" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">Note.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C343A7DC0B4E2AE5EE4BFDF6CB6FE89D" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">
|
||
Prasanth and Jose published their findings in January 2014, whereas Sanap and Mirza published their discovery in July 2014, so priority must go to the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="720348A8B9CA036F060590F4B12E098B" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Haploclastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haploclastus devamatha" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="devamatha">Haploclastus devamatha</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="29D813883BD847D2B5A6AA9932601CAA" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Thrigmopoeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thrigmopoeus psychedelicus" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="psychedelicus">Thrigmopoeus psychedelicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
becomes its junior synonym.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0F4C8819979B3C3834E61C60A45D65B4" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="D8EED99CA8C6E5820F954365E7C26F55" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EF5652BABC113DAB0B8C991B61CAD664" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">India (Kerala: Kollam, Pathanamthitta) (Fig. 3).</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="D1A4B1E2E0115B6EE4B5F885E8F2F52B" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<paragraph id="897FFA849F76288EB313641E565C7716" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">
|
||
Figure 3. Current distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="46A6371484157B27BB4EF31B5AE6CF67" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Haploclastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haploclastus devamatha" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="devamatha">Haploclastus devamatha</taxonomicName>
|
||
Prasanth & Jose, 2014 ○ new record, ● literature records (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AE610D1FA971F313589CF51AEC6104F0" author="Prasanth, MT" journalOrPublisher="Munis Entomology and Zoology" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" pagination="494 - 500" title="A new species of the genus Haploclastus from Western Ghats, India (Araneae: Theraphosidae)." volume="9" year="2014">Prasanth and Jose 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="51FC1A937042BBE246708AEEA1A8E0DF" author="Sanap, RV" journalOrPublisher="Comptes Rendus Biologies" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" pagination="480 - 486" title="A new iridescent tarantula of the genus Thrigmopoeus Pocock, 1899 from Western Ghats, India." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2014.06.003" volume="337" year="2014">Sanap and Mirza 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B0DB549EB63060470EC28F7A07A766D0" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" type="polychromatism">
|
||
<paragraph id="A0B6BA7BBB8B639EF748297AF0CE813F" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">Polychromatism.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="027E3DC647F6EB745815EC943BFA4403" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">
|
||
Females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB0CA6A66C90FCFF7D3D0CBFACAEEB2E" lsidName="H. devamatha" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="devamatha">H. devamatha</taxonomicName>
|
||
are remarkable for their polychromatism (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13B4E9EDB562BA36F0E70A2C76AFE932" author="Sanap, RV" journalOrPublisher="Comptes Rendus Biologies" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" pagination="480 - 486" title="A new iridescent tarantula of the genus Thrigmopoeus Pocock, 1899 from Western Ghats, India." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2014.06.003" volume="337" year="2014">Sanap and Mirza 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Two distinct colour forms have been observed in the population of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB4EF4020141DC351ADF7560BBA7077B" lsidName="H. devamatha" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" rank="species" species="devamatha">H. devamatha</taxonomicName>
|
||
: a 'pink
|
||
<normalizedToken id="73FADEC13E1BAF09AB896087687B78A5" originalValue="form’">form'</normalizedToken>
|
||
with bluish prosoma and pinkish opisthosoma and the 'blue
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A581A80E56B984DE2F2EADA451A56BFE" originalValue="form’">form'</normalizedToken>
|
||
with uniform bluish black prosoma and opisthosoma (Fig. 1
|
||
<normalizedToken id="2DAD0D20E6AD514D532F327FC1A3D25F" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||
). Perhaps this change in colour is related to the age of the spider as suggested by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="116B40E2B04436FECF93AA214E4187C4" author="Sanap, RV" journalOrPublisher="Comptes Rendus Biologies" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" pagination="480 - 486" title="A new iridescent tarantula of the genus Thrigmopoeus Pocock, 1899 from Western Ghats, India." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2014.06.003" volume="337" year="2014">Sanap and Mirza (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but confirmation requires further investigations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8DDA13C4ABDC25EAB9A6C6D4118F8EE0" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" type="natural history">
|
||
<paragraph id="CB5DA19FE6983F136377D1AD3655890A" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">Natural history and conservation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AB7DE5CE7C3ECF70F0C598DE063DB9A3" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="2" pageNumber="83">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A4DD7608979E7ECBADF0FF9658EC2FA5" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Haploclastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haploclastus devamatha" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="devamatha">Haploclastus devamatha</taxonomicName>
|
||
builds unbranched burrows lined with silk. The burrows have single entrance, which is a circular opening
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="0C1D636C9F38D418D33B79264E28F535" pageId="3" pageNumber="84" start="start">ornamented</pageBreakToken>
|
||
with dried leaves pasted together using silk to form a short turret (Fig. 1D). As noted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0950331DC7234A3A336A8EC9B5A74BA5" author="Sanap, RV" journalOrPublisher="Comptes Rendus Biologies" pageId="4" pageNumber="85" pagination="480 - 486" title="A new iridescent tarantula of the genus Thrigmopoeus Pocock, 1899 from Western Ghats, India." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2014.06.003" volume="337" year="2014">Sanap and Mirza (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the burrows are found to occur on the roadside mud embankments inside and nearby regions of the forests at a height of 1-6 metres from the ground (Fig. 1C). Rarely, adult burrows are observed on the forest floors. In the Thenmala and Kulathupuzha regions, we were able to locate a large number of juvenile and subadult burrows that are built on the roadside mud embankments. Within a stretch of 2 kilometres in the Thenmala region, 110 burrows were observed and at a stretch of 1.5 kilometres in the Kulathupuzha region, 52 burrows were found. The tendency of this species to build its burrows predominantly on the roadside mud embankments points to the fact that its survival is under threat due to the common anthropogenic activities like soil removal from the mud embankments and burning dried leaves gathered together near the mud embankments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |