546 lines
64 KiB
XML
546 lines
64 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="1061367404F6FDE7D27ECF3281B9FC0C">Review of the New Caledonian species of the genus Pactola Pascoe, 1876 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Eugnomini), with description of two new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CE9BDDDB3CA704DC276A7F736D1D1F72">Mazur, Miłosz A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A60C9A3CCC5339689FC70D6C07C9FE66">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E6C736C012C6FB0AAB29C142E59E28F5">
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<mods:date id="BD97D3C7DEBFF28AA60A311A6C42084C">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3D9CA4833D430007D085DA8B520B64C2">3814</mods:number>
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<treatment id="DA500A15FFCAFFEDC0CFFCADFC78FAD1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5659203" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119431202" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5659203" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA500A15FFCAFFEDC0CFFCADFC78FAD1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DA500A15FFCAFFEDC0CFFCADFC78FAD1" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="204" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
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<subSubSection id="1AE3E888FFCAFFEEC0CFFCADFE2FFCB2" box="[151,495,796,823]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="5246BB03FFCAFFEEC0CFFCADFE2FFCB2" blockId="1.[151,495,796,823]" box="[151,495,796,823]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
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<heading id="090E0C6FFFCAFFEEC0CFFCADFE2FFCB2" bold="true" box="[151,495,796,823]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC0CFFCADFE2FFCB2" bold="true" box="[151,495,796,823]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC0B6FCACFE2FFCB2" ID-CoL="8HNP6" authority="Pascoe, 1876" authorityName="Pascoe" authorityYear="1876" box="[238,495,796,823]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC0B6FCACFE89FCB3" bold="true" box="[238,329,796,822]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Pactola</emphasis>
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Pascoe, 1876
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="1AE3E888FFCAFFEEC0CFFCD4FBFFFBB7" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" type="reference_group">
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<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC0CFFCD4FDC9FCFF" ID-CoL="8HLV2" authority="Montrouzier, 1861: 877" authorityName="Montrouzier" authorityPageNumber="877" authorityYear="1861" box="[151,521,868,890]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Macropoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC0CFFCD4FECCFCFF" box="[151,268,868,890]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Macropoda</emphasis>
|
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<treatmentCitation id="D3589D12FFCAFFEEC14CFCD4FDC9FCFF" author="Montrouzier" box="[276,521,868,890]" page="877" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" year="1861">
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<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFCAFFEEC14CFCD4FE16FCFF" author="Montrouzier" box="[276,470,868,890]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" refString="Montrouzier, X. (1861) Essai sur la faune entomologique de la Nouvelle-Caledonie (Balade) et des iles des Pins, ArtColeopteres de la Nouvelle-Caledonie. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, 8 (4), 867 - 916 + pl. 7. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00379271.2003.10697370" type="journal article" year="1861">Montrouzier, 1861</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 877
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, non
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC21BFCD4FC29FCFF" ID-CoL="8HLV2" authority="Solier, 1835" authorityName="Solier" authorityYear="1835" box="[579,1001,868,890]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Macropoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC21BFCD4FD78FCFF" box="[579,696,868,890]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Macropoda</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFCAFFEEC298FCD4FCFDFCFF" author="Solier" box="[704,829,868,890]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" refString="Solier, A. J. J. (1835) Essai sur les collapterides (suite). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 4, 509 - 574, pls. xiv - xv" type="journal article" year="1835">Solier, 1835</bibRefCitation>
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(Tenebrionidae)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
; Perroud & Montrouzier, 1865: 165.
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||
<typeStatus id="8D4205A1FFCAFFEEC531FCD5FA5BFCFF" box="[1385,1435,869,890]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Type</typeStatus>
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||
species not designated.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5246BB03FFCAFFEEC0CFFC11FBFFFBB7" blockId="1.[151,1436,868,1074]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="72E99C2DFFCAFFEEC0CFFC11FBFFFBB7" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC0CFFC11FE74FC32" ID-CoL="8HNP6" authority="Pascoe, 1876a: 424" authorityName="Pascoe" authorityPageNumber="424" authorityYear="1876" box="[151,436,929,951]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC0CFFC11FF26FC32" box="[151,230,929,951]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Pactola</emphasis>
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||
<treatmentCitation id="D3589D12FFCAFFEEC0B4FC12FE74FC32" author="Pascoe" box="[236,436,929,951]" page="424" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" year="1876">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFCAFFEEC0B4FC12FE41FC32" author="Pascoe" box="[236,385,929,951]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" refString="Pascoe, F. P. (1876 a) Descriptions of new genera and species of New Zealand Coleoptera, part II. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 4, 17 (97), 48 - 60. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222937608681895" type="journal article" year="1876" yearSuffix="a">Pascoe, 1876a</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 424
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
. Broun, 1880: 464 (redescription);
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<treatmentCitation id="D3589D12FFCAFFEEC342FC11FC1CFC32" author="Hudson" box="[794,988,929,951]" page="394" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" year="1923">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFCAFFEEC342FC11FC6CFC32" author="Hudson" box="[794,940,929,951]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" refString="Hudson, G. V. (1923) An index of New Zealand beetles. Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 54, 353 - 399." type="journal article" year="1923">Hudson, 1923</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 394
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(catalogue);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="D3589D12FFCAFFEEC43AFC12FAC5FC32" author="Voss" box="[1122,1285,929,951]" page="121" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" year="1936">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFCAFFEEC43AFC12FB15FC32" author="Voss" box="[1122,1237,929,951]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" refString="Voss, E. (1936) Uber die tribus Scolopterini sowie einige verwandte Gattungen und Gruppen von neu-Seeland (Coleoptera: Curcluionidae). Arbeiten uber morphologische und taxonomische Entomologie, 3 (2), 110 - 122." type="journal article" year="1936">Voss, 1936</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 121
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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(transferred to Tachygoninae);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="D3589D12FFCAFFEEC134FC70FDFFFC53" author="Marshall" box="[364,575,960,982]" page="333" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" year="1937">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFCAFFEEC134FC70FDCBFC53" author="Marshall" box="[364,523,960,982]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" refString="Marshall, G. A. K. (1937) New Curculionidae (Col.) from New Zealand. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 67 (3), 316 - 340 + pl. 45." type="journal article" year="1937">
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||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFCAFFEEC134FC70FE09FC53" box="[364,457,960,982]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Marshall</collectingCountry>
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||
, 1937
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 333
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, figs. 3, 4 (transferred back to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC3DAFC70FBC4FC53" box="[898,1028,960,982]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Eugnominae">Eugnominae</taxonomicName>
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||
, key to species);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="D3589D12FFCAFFEEC4E2FC70FAB5FC53" author="Hudson" box="[1210,1397,960,982]" page="51" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" year="1950">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFCAFFEEC4E2FC70FA8EFC53" author="Hudson" box="[1210,1358,960,982]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" refString="Hudson, G. V. (1950) Fragments of New Zealand entomology. - a popular account of all New Zealand cicadas. The natural history of the New Zealand glow-worm. A second supplement to the butterflies and moths of New Zealand and notes on many other native insects. Ferguson & Osborn Ltd., Wellington, 188 pp., pls. 18." type="book" year="1950">Hudson, 1950</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 51
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. XIV (variation of
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||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC1DBFC50FE3EFC71" ID-CoL="4BWD9" box="[387,510,990,1013]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
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||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC1DBFC50FE3EFC71" box="[387,510,990,1013]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">P. variabilis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="D3589D12FFCAFFEEC24DFC6EFD1EFC71" author="Kuschel" box="[533,734,990,1012]" page="446" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" year="1964">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFCAFFEEC24DFC6EFD6CFC71" author="Kuschel" box="[533,684,990,1012]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" refString="Kuschel, G. (1964) Insects of Campbell Island. Coleoptera: Curculionidae of the Subantarctic Islands of New Zealand. Pacific Insects Monograph, 7, 416 - 493." type="journal article" year="1964">Kuschel, 1964</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 446
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(synonymy between
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||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC3E3FC6EFBF0FC71" ID-CoL="8HLV2" box="[955,1072,990,1012]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Macropoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC3E3FC6EFBF0FC71" box="[955,1072,990,1012]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Macropoda</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
and
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||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC43CFC6EFB73FC71" ID-CoL="8HNP6" box="[1124,1203,990,1012]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC43CFC6EFB73FC71" box="[1124,1203,990,1012]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Pactola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="D3589D12FFCAFFEEC492FC6EFA57FC71" author="Cawthra" box="[1226,1431,990,1012]" page="171" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" year="1966">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFCAFFEEC492FC6EFAA4FC71" author="Cawthra" box="[1226,1380,990,1012]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" refString="Cawthra, E. M. (1966) A redefinition of the subfamily Eugnominae to include the Meriphinae. Transactions. Royal Society of New Zealand Zoology, 7 (12), 171 - 178." type="journal article" year="1966">Cawthra, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 171
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 173–175, 177, figs. 7, 10, 15 (morphology);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="D3589D12FFCAFFEEC2CEFC4DFCA0FB96" author="Kuschel" box="[662,864,1021,1043]" page="279" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" year="1982">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFCAFFEEC2CEFC4DFCEEFB96" author="Kuschel" box="[662,814,1021,1043]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" refString="Kuschel, G. (1982) Apionidae and Curculionidae (Coleoptera) from the Poor Knights Islands, New Zealand. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 12 (3), 273 - 282. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 03036758.1982.10415349" type="journal article" year="1982">Kuschel, 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 279
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(new synonymies, stat. n. for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC4C4FC4EFB2DFB96" ID-CoL="4BWD2" box="[1180,1261,1022,1043]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC4C4FC4EFB2DFB96" box="[1180,1261,1022,1043]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">P. nigra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="D3589D12FFCAFFEEC55DFC4DFEE0FBB7" author="Leschen" page="26" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" year="2003">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFCAFFEEC55DFC4DFF3DFBB7" author="Leschen" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" refString="Leschen, R. A. B., Lawrence, J. F., Kuschel, G., Thorpe, S. & Wang, Q. (2003) Coleoptera genera of New Zealand. New Zealand Entomologist, 26, 15 - 28. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00779962.2003.9722105" type="journal article" year="2003">
|
||
Leschen
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC539FC4EFA56FB96" box="[1377,1430,1021,1043]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2003
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 26
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in checklist of tribe);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="D3589D12FFCAFFEEC251FBACFCE7FBB7" author="Macfarlane" box="[521,807,1052,1074]" page="433" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" year="2011">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFCAFFEEC251FBACFD37FBB7" author="Macfarlane" box="[521,759,1052,1074]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" refString="Macfarlane, R. P., Maddison, P. A., Andrew, I. G., Berry, J. A., Johns, P. M., Hoare, R. J. B., Lariviere, M. C., Greenslade, P., Henderson, R. C., Smithers, C. N., Palma, R. L., Ward, J. B., Pilgrim, R. L. C., Towns, D. R., McLellan, I., Teulon, D. A. J., Hitchings, T. R., Eastop, V. F., Martin, N. A., Fletcher, M. J., Stufkens, M. A. W., Dale, P. J., Burckhardt, D., Buckley, T. R. & Trewick, S. A. (2011) Phylum ARTHROPODA subphylum Hexapoda, Protura, springtails, Diplura, and insects. In: Gordon, D. P. (Ed.), New Zealand inventory of biodiversity. Volume 2. Kingdom Animalia. Chaetognatha, Ecdysozoa, ichnofossils. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch, pp. 1 - 235." type="book" year="2011">
|
||
Macfarlane
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC2DAFBADFD76FBB7" box="[642,694,1052,1074]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 433
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(checklist of N.Z. species).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1AE3E888FFCAFFEEC0CFFBEFFCD8FBF1" box="[151,792,1118,1140]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="5246BB03FFCAFFEEC0CFFBEFFCD8FBF1" blockId="1.[151,792,1118,1140]" box="[151,792,1118,1140]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<typeStatus id="8D4205A1FFCAFFEEC0CFFBEFFF09FBF1" box="[151,201,1119,1140]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC17EFBEEFDB3FBF1" authority="Pascoe, 1876" authorityName="Pascoe" authorityYear="1876" box="[294,627,1118,1140]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC17EFBEEFE1CFBF1" box="[294,476,1118,1140]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Pactola variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFCAFFEEC1BAFBEFFDB3FBF1" author="Pascoe" box="[482,627,1118,1140]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" refString="Pascoe, F. P. (1876 a) Descriptions of new genera and species of New Zealand Coleoptera, part II. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 4, 17 (97), 48 - 60. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222937608681895" type="journal article" year="1876" yearSuffix="a">Pascoe, 1876a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(by monotypy).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1AE3E888FFCAFFEEC0CFFB11FAF6FAEB" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="5246BB03FFCAFFEEC0CFFB11FAF6FAEB" blockId="1.[151,1437,1185,1426]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC0CFFB11FED1FB3F" bold="true" box="[151,273,1185,1210]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Distinguished from other genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC2EDFB11FCF1FB3F" box="[693,817,1185,1210]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Eugnomini">Eugnomini</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the following combination of characters: head not constricted near base, eyes distinctly convex without setae or scales between ommatidia; rostrum shorter or just slightly longer than head (figs. 14a–d); antennae inserted near apex of rostrum, funicles with seven segments (figs. 15a–d); elytra without large, sharp, conical spines, sometimes furnished with apically rounded tubercles; wings well developed; front coxae contiguous; hind femora strongly broadened, with distinct, enlarged tooth that is usually larger than half of maximum femoral width; hind tibiae strongly curved (figs. 17c, 18c, 19c, 20c).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1AE3E888FFCAFFEEC09FFAC9FC66F992" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="5246BB03FFCAFFEEC09FFAC9FC39FA17" blockId="1.[151,1437,1185,1426]" box="[199,1017,1401,1426]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC09FFAC9FE99FA17" bold="true" box="[199,345,1401,1426]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC13FFAC9FE4EFA17" box="[359,398,1401,1426]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fiji" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFCAFFEEC13FFAC9FE4EFA17" box="[359,398,1401,1426]" name="Fiji" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Fiji</collectingCountry>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Archipelago,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFCAFFEEC276FACAFD1DFA17" box="[558,733,1401,1426]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFCAFFEEC2B1FACAFC42FA17" box="[745,898,1401,1426]" name="New Zealand" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
, (
|
||
<tableCitation id="1F7B8EB8FFCAFFEEC3CCFAC9FC28FA17" box="[916,1000,1401,1426]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,239,1473,1496]" captionText="TABLE 1. List of the species of Pactola and their distribution." pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="0686EB8BFFCAFFEEC0CFFA71FCF6FA5D" box="[151,822,1472,1496]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<paragraph id="5246BB03FFCAFFEEC0CFFA71FCF6FA5D" blockId="1.[151,822,1472,1496]" box="[151,822,1472,1496]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC0CFFA71FECAFA5D" bold="true" box="[151,266,1473,1496]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
List of the species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC1ADFA70FD88FA5D" box="[501,584,1472,1496]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC1ADFA70FD88FA5D" box="[501,584,1472,1496]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Pactola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and their distribution.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="5246BB03FFCAFFEEC0CFF9B1FC66F992" blockId="1.[151,934,1537,1559]" box="[151,934,1537,1559]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Species Distribution</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1AE3E888FFCAFFEDC0CFF9F0FE33FEC5" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="204" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="5246BB03FFCAFFEEC0CFF9F0FC73F9F1" blockId="1.[151,1113,1600,1959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC0CFF9F0FDD2F9D3" authority="Montrouzier, 1860" authorityName="Montrouzier" authorityYear="1860" box="[151,530,1600,1622]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexa">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC0CFF9F0FEFFF9D3" box="[151,319,1600,1622]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Pactola convexa</emphasis>
|
||
(Montrouzier, 1860)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFCAFFEEC373F9F1FC08F9D3" box="[811,968,1600,1622]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC0CFF9EEFE16F9F1" ID-CoL="4BWCQ" authority="Pascoe, 1876" authorityName="Pascoe" authorityYear="1876" box="[151,470,1630,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="demissa">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC0CFF9EEFEFEF9F1" box="[151,318,1630,1652]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Pactola demissa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFCAFFEEC11CF9EFFE16F9F1" author="Pascoe" box="[324,470,1630,1652]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" refString="Pascoe, F. P. (1876 b) Descriptions of new genera and species of New Zealand Coleoptera, part III. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (4), 18 (103), 57 - 67. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222937608682007" type="journal article" year="1876" yearSuffix="b">Pascoe, 1876b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFCAFFEEC373F9EFFC73F9F1" box="[811,947,1630,1652]" name="New Zealand" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5246BB03FFCAFFEEC0CFF9CDFC73F916" blockId="1.[151,1113,1600,1959]" box="[151,947,1661,1683]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC0CFF9CDFE27F916" ID-CoL="4BWCS" authority="Marshall, 1938" authorityName="Marshall" authorityYear="1938" box="[151,487,1661,1683]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fairburni">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC0CFF9CDFE88F916" box="[151,328,1661,1683]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Pactola fairburni</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFCAFFEEC115F9CDFE69F916" box="[333,425,1661,1683]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Marshall</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1938
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFCAFFEEC373F9CEFC73F916" box="[811,947,1661,1683]" name="New Zealand" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5246BB03FFCAFFEEC0CFF92CFC73F955" blockId="1.[151,1113,1600,1959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC0CFF92CFE4FF937" ID-CoL="4BWCT" authority="Mazur, 2012" authorityName="Mazur" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,399,1692,1714]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fiji">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC0CFF92CFEC8F937" box="[151,264,1692,1714]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Pactola fiji</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFCAFFEEC156F92DFE4FF937" author="Mazur" box="[270,399,1692,1714]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" refString="Mazur, M. A. (2012) First record of the tribe Eugnomini Lacordaire, 1863 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Fiji with description of Pactola fiji sp. n. Zootaxa, 3517, 63 - 70." type="journal article" year="2012">Mazur, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC373F92CFC8EF937" ID-CoL="4BWCT" box="[811,846,1692,1714]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fiji" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFCAFFEEC373F92CFC8EF937" box="[811,846,1692,1714]" name="Fiji" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Fiji</collectingCountry>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Archipelago (Taveuni Is.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC0CFF90AFE20F955" ID-CoL="6TJ2P" authority="Broun, 1913" authorityName="Broun" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,480,1722,1744]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC0CFF90AFE9BF955" box="[151,347,1722,1744]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Pactola fuscicornis</emphasis>
|
||
Broun, 1913
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFCAFFEEC373F90BFC73F955" box="[811,947,1722,1744]" name="New Zealand" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5246BB03FFCAFFEEC0CFF969FC73F96A" blockId="1.[151,1113,1600,1959]" box="[151,947,1753,1775]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC0CFF969FE1CF96A" ID-CoL="4BWCW" authority="Marshall, 1938" authorityName="Marshall" authorityYear="1938" box="[151,476,1753,1775]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hudsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC0CFF969FEFCF96A" box="[151,316,1753,1775]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Pactola hudsoni</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFCAFFEEC11AF969FE5FF96A" box="[322,415,1753,1775]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Marshall</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1938
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFCAFFEEC373F96AFC73F96A" box="[811,947,1753,1775]" name="New Zealand" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5246BB03FFCAFFEEC0CFF948FC73F8A9" blockId="1.[151,1113,1600,1959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC0CFF948FEF1F88B" ID-CoL="4BWCZ" box="[151,305,1784,1806]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magna" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC0CFF948FEF1F88B" box="[151,305,1784,1806]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Pactola magna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC16FF948FEB0F88B" bold="true" box="[311,368,1784,1806]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7BBEDA6AFFCAFFEEC16FF948FEB0F88B" box="[311,368,1784,1806]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFCAFFEEC373F949FC08F88B" box="[811,968,1784,1806]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC0CFF8A6FE00F8A9" ID-CoL="4BWD4" authority="Broun, 1913" authorityName="Broun" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,448,1814,1836]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidula">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC0CFF8A6FEFBF8A9" box="[151,315,1814,1836]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Pactola nitidula</emphasis>
|
||
Broun, 1913
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFCAFFEEC373F8A7FC73F8A9" box="[811,947,1814,1836]" name="New Zealand" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5246BB03FFCAFFEEC0CFF885FC73F8EF" blockId="1.[151,1113,1600,1959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC0CFF885FE80F8CE" ID-CoL="4BWD6" box="[151,320,1845,1867]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proxima" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC0CFF885FE80F8CE" box="[151,320,1845,1867]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Pactola proxima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC11DF885FEBEF8CE" bold="true" box="[325,382,1845,1867]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7BBEDA6AFFCAFFEEC11DF885FEBEF8CE" box="[325,382,1845,1867]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFCAFFEEC373F886FC08F8CE" box="[811,968,1845,1867]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC0CFF8E4FE2DF8EF" ID-CoL="4BWD5" authority="Marshall, 1938" authorityName="Marshall" authorityYear="1938" box="[151,493,1876,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="posticalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC0CFF8E4FE8DF8EF" box="[151,333,1876,1898]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Pactola posticalis</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFCAFFEEC10BF8E4FE70F8EF" box="[339,432,1876,1898]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Marshall</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1938
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFCAFFEEC373F8E5FC73F8EF" box="[811,947,1876,1898]" name="New Zealand" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5246BB03FFCAFFEEC0CFF8C2FC73F822" blockId="1.[151,1113,1600,1959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC0CFF8C2FDCBF80D" authority="Montrouzier, 1861" authorityName="Montrouzier" authorityYear="1861" box="[151,523,1906,1928]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setacea">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC0CFF8C2FEF8F80D" box="[151,312,1906,1928]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Pactola setacea</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFCAFFEEC11DF8C2FDC5F80D" author="Montrouzier" box="[325,517,1906,1928]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" refString="Montrouzier, X. (1861) Essai sur la faune entomologique de la Nouvelle-Caledonie (Balade) et des iles des Pins, ArtColeopteres de la Nouvelle-Caledonie. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, 8 (4), 867 - 916 + pl. 7. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00379271.2003.10697370" type="journal article" year="1861">Montrouzier, 1861</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFCAFFEEC373F8C3FC08F80D" box="[811,968,1906,1928]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFCAFFEEC0CFF821FE24F822" ID-CoL="4BWD9" authority="Pascoe, 1876" authorityName="Pascoe" authorityYear="1876" box="[151,484,1937,1959]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFCAFFEEC0CFF821FE8DF822" box="[151,333,1937,1959]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">Pactola variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFCAFFEEC10BF822FE24F822" author="Pascoe" box="[339,484,1937,1959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="203" refString="Pascoe, F. P. (1876 a) Descriptions of new genera and species of New Zealand Coleoptera, part II. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 4, 17 (97), 48 - 60. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222937608681895" type="journal article" year="1876" yearSuffix="a">Pascoe, 1876a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFCAFFEEC373F822FC73F822" box="[811,947,1937,1959]" name="New Zealand" pageId="1" pageNumber="203">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5246BB03FFC9FFEDC09FFF27FE33FEC5" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFC9FFEDC09FFF27FEB8FF35" author="Cawthra" box="[199,376,151,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" refString="Cawthra, E. M. (1966) A redefinition of the subfamily Eugnominae to include the Meriphinae. Transactions. Royal Society of New Zealand Zoology, 7 (12), 171 - 178." type="journal article" year="1966">Cawthra (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC1A5FF29FD46FF35" ID-CoL="4BWD9" box="[509,646,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC1A5FF29FD46FF35" box="[509,646,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">P. variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as occurring also in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFC9FFEDC328FF28FBE1FF35" box="[880,1057,151,176]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but this may have been meant to refer to the entire genus, not this particular species.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC2B9FF0CFC6CFF51" ID-CoL="4BWD9" box="[737,940,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC2B9FF0CFC6CFF51" box="[737,940,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Pactola variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been recorded only from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFC9FFEDC4A6FF0DFA58FF50" box="[1278,1432,188,213]" name="New Zealand" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
, where it is common in many localities, and it has been listed as an endemic in this country by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFC9FFEDC4E6FF6FFAACFF7D" author="Kuschel" box="[1214,1388,223,248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" refString="Kuschel, G. (1990) Beetles in a suburban environment: a New Zealand case study. The identity and status of Coleoptera in the natural and modified habitats of Lynfield, Auckland (1974 - 1989). New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Wellington, 121 pp." type="book chapter" year="1990">Kuschel (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFC9FFEDC0CFFEB4FE6EFE99" box="[151,430,260,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" refString="Macfarlane, R. P., Maddison, P. A., Andrew, I. G., Berry, J. A., Johns, P. M., Hoare, R. J. B., Lariviere, M. C., Greenslade, P., Henderson, R. C., Smithers, C. N., Palma, R. L., Ward, J. B., Pilgrim, R. L. C., Towns, D. R., McLellan, I., Teulon, D. A. J., Hitchings, T. R., Eastop, V. F., Martin, N. A., Fletcher, M. J., Stufkens, M. A. W., Dale, P. J., Burckhardt, D., Buckley, T. R. & Trewick, S. A. (2011) Phylum ARTHROPODA subphylum Hexapoda, Protura, springtails, Diplura, and insects. In: Gordon, D. P. (Ed.), New Zealand inventory of biodiversity. Volume 2. Kingdom Animalia. Chaetognatha, Ecdysozoa, ichnofossils. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch, pp. 1 - 235." type="book">
|
||
Macfarlane
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC147FEB5FE92FE99" box="[287,338,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2011)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. My examination of numerous
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC34CFEB4FCABFE99" ID-CoL="8HNP6" box="[788,875,260,284]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC34CFEB4FCABFE99" box="[788,875,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Pactola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFC9FFEDC469FEB5FB1FFE98" box="[1073,1247,260,285]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
indicates that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC5DFFEB5FEC3FEC5" ID-CoL="4BWD9" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC5DFFEB5FEC3FEC5" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">P. variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not occur there.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1AE3E888FFC9FFEDC09FFEFCFB6FFDB9" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="5246BB03FFC9FFEDC09FFEFCFB6FFDB9" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC09FFEFCFEDFFEE0" bold="true" box="[199,287,332,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Biology</emphasis>
|
||
. No detailed biological information is known for the genus. Other members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC4FEFEFCFAE2FEE0" box="[1190,1314,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Eugnomini">Eugnomini</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been reared from dead wood, subcortical tissues, live stems, galls, leaves or fruits of many species of plants in different families (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFC9FFEDC15BFE24FE43FE29" author="May" box="[259,387,404,428]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" refString="May, B. M. (1987) Immature stages of Curculionoidea (Coleoptera): rearing records 1964 - 1986. New Zealand Entomologist, 9, 44 - 57. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00779962.1987.9722492" type="journal article" year="1987">May, 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC24BFE24FD0FFE29" box="[531,719,404,428]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="demissa">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC24BFE24FD0FFE29" box="[531,719,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Pactola demissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been reared from the bark of dead branches of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC567FE24FE5EFE55" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Hoheria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="populnea">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC567FE24FF3FFE55" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Hoheria populnea</emphasis>
|
||
(Malvaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFC9FFEDC1E0FE08FDFDFE55" author="May" box="[440,573,440,464]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" refString="May, B. M. (1987) Immature stages of Curculionoidea (Coleoptera): rearing records 1964 - 1986. New Zealand Entomologist, 9, 44 - 57. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00779962.1987.9722492" type="journal article" year="1987">May, 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and adults are attracted to cut branches of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC4D4FE08FE81FE71" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Parsonsia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC4D4FE08FA5CFE55" box="[1164,1436,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Parsonsia heterophylla</emphasis>
|
||
(Apocynaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFC9FFEDC117FE6CFE36FE71" author="Kuschel" box="[335,502,476,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" refString="Kuschel, G. (1990) Beetles in a suburban environment: a New Zealand case study. The identity and status of Coleoptera in the natural and modified habitats of Lynfield, Auckland (1974 - 1989). New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Wellington, 121 pp." type="book chapter" year="1990">Kuschel, 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC252FE6CFD13FE71" box="[522,723,476,500]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC252FE6CFD13FE71" box="[522,723,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Pactola variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been reared from dying subcortical tissues of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC55DFE6CFEBDFD9D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Pseudopanax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lessonii">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC55DFE6CFF2CFD9D" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Pseudopanax lessonii</emphasis>
|
||
(Araliaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFC9FFEDC1D3FDB0FDC7FD9D" author="May" box="[395,519,512,536]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" refString="May, B. M. (1987) Immature stages of Curculionoidea (Coleoptera): rearing records 1964 - 1986. New Zealand Entomologist, 9, 44 - 57. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00779962.1987.9722492" type="journal article" year="1987">May, 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC243FDB0FCBCFD9D" box="[539,892,511,536]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Schefflera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="digitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC243FDB0FD2AFD9D" box="[539,746,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Schefflera digitata</emphasis>
|
||
(Araliaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFC9FFEDC3D1FE4FFBEEFD9D" author="Kuschel" box="[905,1070,511,536]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" refString="Kuschel, G. (1990) Beetles in a suburban environment: a New Zealand case study. The identity and status of Coleoptera in the natural and modified habitats of Lynfield, Auckland (1974 - 1989). New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Wellington, 121 pp." type="book chapter" year="1990">Kuschel, 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC433FDB0FB66FD9D" box="[1131,1190,512,536]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Hebe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC433FDB0FB66FD9D" box="[1131,1190,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Hebe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC4B1FE4FFA55FD9D" box="[1257,1429,511,536]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Plantaginaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFC9FFEDC0C6FD94FEDEFDB8" author="Watt" box="[158,286,548,573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" refString="Watt, J. C. (1956) Coleoptera from Great Barrier Island and Mayor Island. Tane, 7, 58 - 63." type="journal article" year="1956">Watt, 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFC9FFEDC139FD94FE36FDB9" author="Styles" box="[353,502,548,573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" refString="Styles, J. H. (1973) Notes on New Zealand weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). New Zealand Entomologist, 5 (3 - 4), 351 - 359. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00779962.1973.9723041" type="journal article" year="1973">Styles (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reared
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC213FD95FD11FDB9" box="[587,721,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC213FD95FD11FDB9" box="[587,721,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">P. variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC350FD95FC5EFDB9" box="[776,926,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC350FD95FC5EFDB9" box="[776,926,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">P. fuscicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC3BBFD94FBBAFDB9" box="[995,1146,548,572]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Pseudopanax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC3BBFD94FBBAFDB9" box="[995,1146,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Pseudopanax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1AE3E888FFC9FFEDC09FFDF7FDC7FCD8" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="5246BB03FFC9FFEDC09FFDF7FDC7FCD8" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC09FFDF7FEF4FDE5" bold="true" box="[199,308,583,608]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. The first species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC27DFDF8FDBCFDE5" box="[549,636,584,608]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC27DFDF8FDBCFDE5" box="[549,636,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Pactola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described, from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFC9FFEDC365FDF8FC2FFDE5" box="[829,1007,583,608]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, namely
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC40EFDF9FB0FFDE5" box="[1110,1231,585,608]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="convexa">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC40EFDF9FB0FFDE5" box="[1110,1231,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">P. convexa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC486FDF9FA8BFDE5" box="[1246,1355,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">P. s e t a ce a</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC5DFFDF9FE46FD00" authority="Perroud" authorityName="Perroud" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kanalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC5DFFDF9FECDFD01" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">P. kanalensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Perroud)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, were originally placed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC29CFDDCFBE6FD00" authority="Montrouzier, 1861" authorityName="Montrouzier" authorityYear="1861" box="[708,1062,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Macropoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC29CFDDCFC86FD01" box="[708,838,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Macropoda</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFC9FFEDC309FDDCFBE6FD00" author="Montrouzier" box="[849,1062,620,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" refString="Montrouzier, X. (1861) Essai sur la faune entomologique de la Nouvelle-Caledonie (Balade) et des iles des Pins, ArtColeopteres de la Nouvelle-Caledonie. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, 8 (4), 867 - 916 + pl. 7. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00379271.2003.10697370" type="journal article" year="1861">Montrouzier, 1861</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFC9FFEDC460FDDCFAD2FD00" author="Montrouzier" box="[1080,1298,620,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" refString="Montrouzier, X. (1861) Essai sur la faune entomologique de la Nouvelle-Caledonie (Balade) et des iles des Pins, ArtColeopteres de la Nouvelle-Caledonie. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, 8 (4), 867 - 916 + pl. 7. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00379271.2003.10697370" type="journal article" year="1861">Montrouzier, 1861</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Perroud & Montrouzier 1865), but a genus with this name had already been established in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC468FD3FFB10FD2D" box="[1072,1232,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tenebrionidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFC9FFEDC4A6FD3FFA59FD2D" author="Solier" box="[1278,1433,655,680]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" refString="Solier, A. J. J. (1835) Essai sur les collapterides (suite). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 4, 509 - 574, pls. xiv - xv" type="journal article" year="1835">Solier (1835)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The three New Caledonian species were later placed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC34AFD04FCA9FD49" box="[786,873,692,716]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC34AFD04FCA9FD49" box="[786,873,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Pactola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFC9FFEDC448FD05FB7DFD48" author="Pascoe" box="[1040,1213,692,717]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" refString="Pascoe, F. P. (1876 a) Descriptions of new genera and species of New Zealand Coleoptera, part II. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 4, 17 (97), 48 - 60. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222937608681895" type="journal article" year="1876" yearSuffix="a">Pascoe (1876a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFC9FFEDC55CFD05FA5CFD48" box="[1284,1436,692,717]" name="New Zealand" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
with only one included species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC256FD69FD57FD75" box="[526,663,728,752]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC256FD69FD57FD75" box="[526,663,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">P. variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, when
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFC9FFEDC2A8FD67FC60FD75" author="Kuschel" box="[752,928,727,752]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" refString="Kuschel, G. (1964) Insects of Campbell Island. Coleoptera: Curculionidae of the Subantarctic Islands of New Zealand. Pacific Insects Monograph, 7, 416 - 493." type="journal article" year="1964">Kuschel (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
synonymised
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC410FD68FAA0FD75" authority="Montrouzier" authorityName="Montrouzier" box="[1096,1376,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Macropoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC410FD68FB0AFD75" box="[1096,1226,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Macropoda</emphasis>
|
||
Montrouzier
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC0CFFD4CFF2EFC91" box="[151,238,764,788]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC0CFFD4CFF2EFC91" box="[151,238,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Pactola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In 1876 Pascoe described one more species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC356FD4DFC47FC91" box="[782,903,764,788]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="demissa">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC356FD4DFC47FC91" box="[782,903,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">P. demissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) but in a separate paper (1876b).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC542FD4CFEE4FCBD" authority="Solier, 1835" authorityName="Solier" authorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Macropoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC542FD4CFA5CFC91" box="[1306,1436,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Macropoda</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFC9FFEDC0CFFCAFFEE4FCBD" author="Solier" box="[151,292,799,824]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" refString="Solier, A. J. J. (1835) Essai sur les collapterides (suite). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 4, 509 - 574, pls. xiv - xv" type="journal article" year="1835">Solier, 1835</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is presently treated as a subgenus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC2A9FC90FC71FCBD" authority="Fischer" authorityName="Fischer" box="[753,945,799,824]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Adesmia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC2A9FC90FC91FCBD" box="[753,849,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Adesmia</emphasis>
|
||
Fischer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
de Waldheim, 1822, a tenebrionid genus occurring in sub-Saharan Africa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1AE3E888FFC9FFEDC09FFCD8FC78FAD1" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="5246BB03FFC9FFEDC09FFCD8FC78FAD1" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC09FFCD8FEDEFC05" ID-CoL="8HNP6" box="[199,286,872,896]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC09FFCD8FEDEFC05" box="[199,286,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Pactola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is readily distinguishable from the other described genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC38BFCD7FB8FFC05" box="[979,1103,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Eugnomini">Eugnomini</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its very short rostrum and the large tooth on the extremely extended hind legs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CAC2A786FFC9FFEDC2B1FC3CFC86FC21" box="[745,838,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 20" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1598,1620]" captionTargetBox="[161,1416,194,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[150,1436,183,1595]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 20. Legs: 17 — Pactola setacea (Montr.): 17 a—front leg; 17 b—middle leg; 17 c—hind leg; 18 — P. proxima sp. n.: 18 a—front leg; 18 b—middle leg; 18 c—hind leg; 19 — P. c o nv e x a (Montr.): 19 a—front leg (minute tooth marked by arrow); 19 b—middle leg; 19 c—hind leg; 20 — P. magna sp. n.: 20 a—front leg; 20 b—middle leg; 20 c—hind leg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224768/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Figs. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
c, 18c, 19c, 20c). A relatively large tooth on the hind legs is found in many other genera as well, but their femora are usually more elongate and the rostrum is usually longer than the head or the head plus pronotum (
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC294FC65FD2DFC69" box="[716,749,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">e.g</emphasis>
|
||
.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC35DFC64FC25FC69" ID-CoL="8HCQC" authority="Broun" authorityName="Broun" box="[773,997,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Amylopterus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC35DFC64FC52FC69" box="[773,914,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Amylopterus</emphasis>
|
||
Broun
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC3AAFC65FB32FC68" ID-CoL="8HJHL" authority="Schoenherr" authorityName="Schoenherr" box="[1010,1266,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Eugnomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC3AAFC65FBA8FC69" box="[1010,1128,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Eugnomus</emphasis>
|
||
Schoenherr
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC558FC64FE7FFB8A" authority="Broun, Koghicola Mazur" authorityName="Broun, Koghicola Mazur" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Gonoropterus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC558FC64FA5CFC6E" box="[1280,1436,980,1003]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Gonoropterus</emphasis>
|
||
Broun,
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC0AAFC48FEA7FB95" box="[242,359,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Koghicola</emphasis>
|
||
Mazur
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC189FC48FD6AFB95" ID-CoL="8HQXT" authority="White" authorityName="White" box="[465,682,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Scolopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC189FC48FD95FB95" box="[465,597,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Scolopterus</emphasis>
|
||
White
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC2E4FC48FC25FB95" ID-CoL="8HQL9" authority="Blanchard" authorityName="Blanchard" box="[700,997,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Rhopalomerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC2E4FC48FC9FFB95" box="[700,863,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Rhopalomerus</emphasis>
|
||
Blanchard
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Some species of these genera also possess strongly protruding tubercles on the elytra (
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC282FBADFCC2FBB1" box="[730,770,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">e.g.</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC348FBACFC5DFBB1" ID-CoL="8HCQC" box="[784,925,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Amylopterus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC348FBACFC5DFBB1" box="[784,925,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Amylopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC3F4FBACFB88FBB6" box="[940,1096,1052,1075]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Gonoropterus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC3F4FBACFB88FBB6" box="[940,1096,1052,1075]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Gonoropterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) but these form sharp, conical spines usually furnished with a tuft of hair-like scales.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC356FBF0FC2AFBDD" ID-CoL="8HKMQ" authority="White" authorityName="White" box="[782,1002,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hoplocneme" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC356FBF0FC5CFBDD" box="[782,924,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Hoplocneme</emphasis>
|
||
White
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC4E3FBF0FAD2FBDD" ID-CoL="8HNP6" box="[1211,1298,1088,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC4E3FBF0FAD2FBDD" box="[1211,1298,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Pactola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having a similarly short rostrum and femoral tooth, but it differs in having the head strongly constricted near the base and 6- segmented antennal funicles.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC1AEFB38FD1FFB1A" ID-CoL="8HNP7" authority="Broun" authorityName="Broun" box="[502,735,1160,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactolotypus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC1AEFB38FD48FB25" box="[502,648,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Pactolotypus</emphasis>
|
||
Broun
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with seven species described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2AEEFB93FFC9FFEDC4C1FB38FAF6FB25" box="[1177,1334,1159,1184]" name="New Zealand" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the Chatham and Subantarctic Islands (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFC9FFEDC219FB1CFD30FB40" author="Kuschel" box="[577,752,1196,1221]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" refString="Kuschel, G. (1964) Insects of Campbell Island. Coleoptera: Curculionidae of the Subantarctic Islands of New Zealand. Pacific Insects Monograph, 7, 416 - 493." type="journal article" year="1964">Kuschel, 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), is also similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95F9C080FFC9FFEDC3BFFB1CFBFEFB41" ID-CoL="8HNP6" box="[999,1086,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pactola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC3BFFB1CFBFEFB41" box="[999,1086,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Pactola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but it differs in having the metaventrite longer than abdominal ventrite 1 behind the coxae, 6- or 7-segmented antennal funicles, the humeral calli not developed (apterous) and the ommatidia convex with fine hairs or squamiform setae between them. The recently described genus
|
||
<emphasis id="608D6711FFC9FFEDC1E1FAA8FDEEFAB5" box="[441,558,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="204">Koghicola</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3668C6F2FFC9FFEDC266FAA8FD0CFAB5" author="Mazur" box="[574,716,1304,1328]" pageId="2" pageNumber="204" refString="Mazur, M. A. (2014) Koghicola karolinae, new genus and species of the Eugnomini from New Caledonia (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Annales Zoologici, 64 (1), 9 - 14. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3161 / 000345414 x 680519" type="journal article" year="2014">Mazur 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) differs in having enlarged hind trohanters, and elytra strongly narrowed to apex, each elytra with prominent, divergent apical process.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |