146 lines
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146 lines
15 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.197.1728" ID-GBIF-Dataset="42b66d62-b295-44c0-9368-cf4154fddc3b" ID-PMC="PMC3376724" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-197-1" ID-PubMed="22711992" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-197-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 197" ModsDocTitle="Opisthobranchs from the western Indian Ocean, with descriptions of two new species and ten new records (Mollusca, Gastropoda)" checkinTime="1451248993568" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Yonow, Nathalie" docDate="2012" docId="A91D66A91EEE4A07C39D79DA571C94E0" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 197: 1-129" docOrigin="ZooKeys 197" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.197.1728" docTitle="Phyllidia multituberculata Boettger 1918" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="FFC4DD6FFFA0AE7CFF89A90FFFBCF766" masterDocTitle="Opisthobranchs from the western Indian Ocean, with descriptions of two new species and ten new records (Mollusca, Gastropoda)" masterLastPageNumber="130" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="48" updateTime="1668153941066" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Opisthobranchs from the western Indian Ocean, with descriptions of two new species and ten new records (Mollusca, Gastropoda)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Yonow, Nathalie</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>197</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>130</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.197.1728</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.197.1728</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-197-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152035858" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A91D66A91EEE4A07C39D79DA571C94E0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A91D66A91EEE4A07C39D79DA571C94E0" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Phyllidia_multituberculata" authority="Boettger, 1918" authorityName="Boettger" authorityYear="1918" class="Gastropoda" family="Phyllidiidae" genus="Phyllidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllidia multituberculata" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="multituberculata">Phyllidia multituberculata Boettger, 1918</taxonomicName>
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Fig. 20, Plate 66
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Phyllidiidae" genus="Phyllidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllidia multituberculata" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="multituberculata">Phyllidia multituberculata</taxonomicName>
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Boettger, 1918: 129, pl. 8 figs. 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="a–c">a-c</normalizedToken>
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(Aru Islands, Indonesia);
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<bibRefCitation author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Conchology" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="483 - 516" title="Systematic revision of the family Phyllidiidae in the Indian Ocean Province: Part 1 (Opisthobranchia: Nudibranchia: Doridoidea)." volume="35" year="1996">Yonow 1996</bibRefCitation>
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: 487, figs. 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
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, 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–G">A-G</normalizedToken>
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, 4B, tab. 1 (Seychelles and Mauritius).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Phyllidiidae" genus="Phyllidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllidia ocellata" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ocellata">Phyllidia ocellata</taxonomicName>
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. -
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<bibRefCitation pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Yogesh Kumar et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
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: 111, fig. 3b (India) (non
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Phyllidiidae" genus="Phyllidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllidia ocellata" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ocellata">Phyllidia ocellata</taxonomicName>
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Cuvier).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="material">
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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Typical form: Socotra: 30
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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16 mm pres. (St. 064, SAM1), Quatub Bay, 18 March 1999, leg. S Al-Moghrabi.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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Black form: Maldives: single specimen 14
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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8 mm crawling (NY-167), Kudhiboli Tila, Felidhoo Atoll, 21 m depth, 15 January 1991, leg. N Yonow; two specimens together 28
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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20 mm and 30
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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21 mm both preserved, Maayafushi House Reef, Ari
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<pageBreakToken pageId="48" pageNumber="49" start="start">Atoll</pageBreakToken>
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, 34 m depth, 18 December 1991, leg. H Voigtmann; 14 mm (MDV/AB/96/2), Cocoa House reef, South
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Malé">Male</normalizedToken>
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Atoll, 16 m depth, 01 May 1996, leg. RC Anderson & SG Buttress; photos of one individual, 1986-1994, J Hinterkircher. - Sri Lanka: two pres. specimens 21
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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15 mm and 25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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18 mm and photographs of a juvenile, Unawatuna, S of Galle, 26-28 December 2010, S Kahlbrock.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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The Socotra specimen is of the typical form described and illustrated by Boettger, with five black patches on each side. This is the commonly occurring species in the Indian Ocean; see
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<bibRefCitation author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Conchology" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="483 - 516" title="Systematic revision of the family Phyllidiidae in the Indian Ocean Province: Part 1 (Opisthobranchia: Nudibranchia: Doridoidea)." volume="35" year="1996">Yonow (1996)</bibRefCitation>
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for descriptions, illustrations, and discussions. The white ring surrounding the black patch is visible in the preserved specimen and the oral tentacles are illustrated for comparison (Fig. 20A). The anterior margin of the foot is bilaminate, the head is visible, and the conical oral tentacles have a groove on their outer sides.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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The Maldives and Sri Lankan specimens differ in colour pattern from the Socotra specimen but are identical to each other, completely black with numerous orange mushroom-shaped tubercles: some had a white ring at the base when alive (Plate 66),
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<pageBreakToken pageId="49" pageNumber="50" start="start">and</pageBreakToken>
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still visible in the preserved specimens. Tubercles vaguely organized in longitudinal rows over dorsum, tubercles in central row largest. Rhino-tubercles present as well as single very large tubercle behind and between them. Margin orange, somewhat scalloped along inner margin bordering black, with single small tubercles aligned along edge. In Sri Lankan specimens, white submarginal line. Rhinophores deeper shade of orange than tubercles and margin, raised pocket rims also orange. Ventrally, foot of black and orange specimens deeply divided (convoluted for its entire margin in the largest specimen), head bipartite, separated oral tentacles digitiform (Fig. 20B), most similar to those of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Phyllidiidae" genus="Phyllidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllidia multituberculata" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="multituberculata">Phyllidia multituberculata</taxonomicName>
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form undula (fig. 5B in
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<bibRefCitation author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Conchology" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="483 - 516" title="Systematic revision of the family Phyllidiidae in the Indian Ocean Province: Part 1 (Opisthobranchia: Nudibranchia: Doridoidea)." volume="35" year="1996">Yonow 1996</bibRefCitation>
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). In smaller, more relaxed, Maldive specimen (NY-167), thickened anterior margin of foot concave, head barely visible, oral tentacles conical.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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Figure 20.
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Phyllidiidae" genus="Phyllidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllidia multituberculata" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="multituberculata">Phyllidia multituberculata</taxonomicName>
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A ventral view showing propodium, head, and oral tentacles, 30 mm pres. Socotra specimen B ventral view showing head and oral tentacles, 28 mm pres. Maldives specimen C anatomy of 28 mm pres. Maldives specimen.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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Dissection of the 28 mm Maldive animal shows that the digestive anatomy is typical for the genus (Fig. 20C). Significantly, it has a segmented asymmetrical pharyngeal bulb as described and illustrated for
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Phyllidiidae" genus="Phyllidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllidia multituberculata" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="multituberculata">Phyllidia multituberculata</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Phyllidiidae" genus="Phyllidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllidia multituberculata" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="multituberculata">Phyllidia multituberculata</taxonomicName>
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form undula. This feature, in addition to the colour patterns, separates the Indian Ocean
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Phyllidiidae" genus="Phyllidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllidia multituberculata" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="multituberculata">Phyllidia multituberculata</taxonomicName>
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from the Pacific
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Phyllidiidae" genus="Phyllidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllidia ocellata" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ocellata">Phyllidia ocellata</taxonomicName>
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Cuvier, which has a symmetrical pharyngeal bulb (e.g.
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<bibRefCitation author="Yonow, N" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Conchology" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="483 - 516" title="Systematic revision of the family Phyllidiidae in the Indian Ocean Province: Part 1 (Opisthobranchia: Nudibranchia: Doridoidea)." volume="35" year="1996">Yonow 1996</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Domínquez">Dominquez</normalizedToken>
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et al. 2007,
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<bibRefCitation pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Yonow 2011</bibRefCitation>
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). Molecular studies are revealing cryptic species with more limited distributions for what were previously thought to be widely distributed variable species (e.g. for
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Bullidae" genus="Bulla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bulla" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Bulla</taxonomicName>
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see
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<bibRefCitation author="Malaquias, MAE" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal Linnean Society" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="453 - 543" title="Systematic revision of the recent species of Bullidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Cephalaspidea), with a molecular phylogenetic analysis." url="10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00369.x" volume="153" year="2008">Malaquias and Reid 2008</bibRefCitation>
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, for
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Aglajidae" genus="Melanochlamys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melanochlamys" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Melanochlamys</taxonomicName>
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see
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<bibRefCitation author="Krug, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal Royal Asiatic Society Ceylon Branch, Colombo" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" title="Molecular confirmation of species status for the rare cephalaspidean Melanochlamys lorrainae (Rudman, 1968), and comparison with its sister species M. cylindrical (sic.) Cheesman, 1881. Journal Molluscan Studies 74: 267 - 276. http: // instructional 1. calstatela. edu / pkrug / lab / PDF / 2008 % 20 Krug % 20 et % 20 al, % 20 JMS % 20 melano. pdf," url="10.1093/mollus/eyn018" year="2008">Krug et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
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, and for
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Thuridilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thuridilla" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Thuridilla</taxonomicName>
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see
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<bibRefCitation author="Carmona, L" journalOrPublisher="The Veliger" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" title="Amphi-Atlantic distributions and cryptic species in sacoglossan sea slugs. Journal Molluscan Studies 77: 401 - 412. http: // mollus. oxfordjournals. org / content / early / 2011 / 10 / 11 / mollus. eyr 036. short? rss = 1," url="10.1093/mollus/eyr036" year="2011">Carmona et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
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), and it is probable that molecular studies will reveal many more phyllidiid species than are currently accepted. It is therefore preferable to describe geographical and colour forms separately and clearly.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |