treatments-xml/data/68/72/2F/68722F5E58612E4CFFA8747E6EC9F7EF.xml

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<mods:title id="87AE0D828FC7FC2B68C0F882AE593735">Oriental Horaeomorphus Schaufuss: a new species, synonymic notes and distributional synopsis (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="27DBE5CB58612E4CFFA8747E6ECFFEAF" ID-CoL="53VH2" authority="(Makhan &amp; Ezzatpanah)" authorityName="Jałoszyński" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Makhan &amp; Ezzatpanah" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[123,737,318,342]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Syndicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="soesilae" status="comb. nov." subGenus="Syndicus">
<emphasis id="D2AF425A58612E4CFFA8747E6CF0FEAF" bold="true" box="[123,222,318,342]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Syndicus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="D2AF425A58612E4CFF3C747E6D7CFEAF" bold="true" box="[239,338,318,342]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Syndicus</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="D2AF425A58612E4CFEB0747E6D97FEAF" bold="true" box="[355,441,318,342]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">soesilae</emphasis>
(Makhan &amp; Ezzatpanah)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C99CFF2158612E4CFE9C741F6E3CFE8F" box="[335,530,351,374]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" rank="species">new combination</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<treatmentCitation id="617AB85958612E4CFFA274E16EA0FE4F" author="Makhan D &amp; Ezzatpanah S" box="[113,654,417,438]" page="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="27DBE5CB58612E4CFFA274E16EA0FE4F" authority="Makhan &amp; Ezzatpanah, 2011: 1" authorityName="Makhan &amp; Ezzatpanah" authorityPageNumber="1" authorityYear="2011" box="[113,654,417,438]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Horaeomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="soesilae">
<emphasis id="D2AF425A58612E4CFFA274E16D4EFE4F" box="[113,352,417,438]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Horaeomorphus soesilae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="844AE3B958612E4CFEB674E16EA0FE4F" author="Makhan D &amp; Ezzatpanah S" box="[357,654,417,438]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref5086" refString="Makhan D &amp; Ezzatpanah S (2011) Horaeomorphus soesilae sp. nov., a new ant-like stone beetle from central Java, Indonesia (Coleoptera, Scydmaenidae). Calodema, 151: 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="2011">Makhan &amp; Ezzatpanah, 2011: 1</bibRefCitation>
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, figs. 1–3.
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<subSubSection id="A8C1CDC358612E4CFFA2749F6EC9F7EF" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="E0649E4858612E4CFFA2749F6EC9F7EF" blockId="3.[113,753,479,2070]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="D2AF425A58612E4CFFA2749F6CCEFE0F" bold="true" box="[113,224,479,502]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Remarks.</emphasis>
Recently 
<bibRefCitation id="844AE3B958612E4CFE9A749F6EABFE0F" author="Makhan D &amp; Ezzatpanah S" box="[329,645,479,502]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref5086" refString="Makhan D &amp; Ezzatpanah S (2011) Horaeomorphus soesilae sp. nov., a new ant-like stone beetle from central Java, Indonesia (Coleoptera, Scydmaenidae). Calodema, 151: 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="2011">Makhan &amp; Ezzatpanah (2011)</bibRefCitation>
described a new species of 
<taxonomicName id="27DBE5CB58612E4CFEE174BF6DCFFDEF" authorityName="Schaufuss" authorityYear="1889" box="[306,481,511,534]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Horaeomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D2AF425A58612E4CFEE174BF6DCFFDEF" box="[306,481,511,534]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Horaeomorphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the island of 
<collectingRegion id="221F50AA58612E4CFD6974BF6EC2FDEF" box="[698,748,511,534]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Java</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="98CCDED858612E4CFFA2775F6CF2FDCF" box="[113,220,543,566]" name="Indonesia" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
. On the basis of errors committed in that paper it is evident that the authors have a highly fragmentary knowledge of Oriental 
<taxonomicName id="27DBE5CB58612E4CFF3B771F6DABFD8F" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[232,389,607,630]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Scydmaeninae">Scydmaeninae</taxonomicName>
, do not know the large literature on the subject, and did not even care to properly diagnose their new species to make it distinguishable from its congeners. Although a comprehensive revision of 
<taxonomicName id="27DBE5CB58612E4CFDD077FF6E9EFD2F" authorityName="Schaufuss" authorityYear="1889" box="[515,688,703,726]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Horaeomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D2AF425A58612E4CFDD077FF6E9EFD2F" box="[515,688,703,726]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Horaeomorphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of the Malay sub-region has been published (
<bibRefCitation id="844AE3B958612E4CFE29779F6E90FD0F" author="Jaloszynski P" box="[506,702,735,758]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="19 - 66" refId="ref4590" refString="Jaloszynski P (2006 a) Revision of Horaeomorphus Schaufuss (Coleoptera, Scydmaenidae) of East [sic] Malaysia, Singapore and Sunda Islands. Genus, 17 (1): 19 - 66." type="journal article" year="2006">Jałoszyński, 2006a</bibRefCitation>
) and a number of other papers dealing with all Asian species are available (
<bibRefCitation id="844AE3B958612E4CFF33765F6DBAFCCF" author="Schaufuss LW" box="[224,404,799,822]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="1 - 42" refId="ref5167" refString="Schaufuss LW (1889) Neue Scydmaeniden im Museum Ludwig Salvator. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 33: 1 - 42." type="journal article" year="1889">Schaufuss, 1889</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="844AE3B958612E4CFE73765F6E0CFCCF" author="Franz H" box="[416,546,799,822]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="113 - 156" refId="ref4156" refString="Franz H (1973) (1971) Die auf meinen Forschungsreisen nach Nepal in den Jahren 1970 und 1971 gesammelten Scydmaeniden und einige nordindische Vertreter dieser Familie (Coleoptera, Scydmaenidae). Zeitschrift derArbeitsgemeinschaft Osterreichischer Entomologen, 23: 113 - 156." type="journal article" year="1973">Franz, 1973</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="844AE3B958612E4CFDFD765F6E48FCCF" author="Franz H" box="[558,614,799,822]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="86 - 104" refId="ref4201" refString="Franz H (1974) Die Scydmaeniden des Raumes von Jumla in West Nepal und aus dem Therai (Col.). Koleopterologische Rundschau, 51: 86 - 104." type="journal article" year="1974">1974</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="844AE3B958612E4CFDA2765F6E87FCCF" author="Franz H" box="[625,681,799,822]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="89 - 142" refId="ref4233" refString="Franz H (1984) Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Scydmaeniden von Sumatra und benachbarter Gebiete. Sitzungsberichte der Osterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch- Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, Abt. I, 193: 89 - 142." type="journal article" year="1984">1984</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="844AE3B958612E4CFD67765F6EC2FCCF" author="Franz H" box="[692,748,799,822]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="91 - 128" refId="ref4270" refString="Franz H (1985) Neue und ungenugend bekannte Scydmaeniden (Coleoptera) aus Taiwan, Fukien und Thailand. Mitteilungen der Munchner Entomologische Gesellschaft, 74: 91 - 128." type="journal article" year="1985">1985</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="844AE3B958612E4CFFA2767F6C84FCAF" author="Franz H" box="[113,170,831,854]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="69 - 76" refId="ref4325" refString="Franz H (1992) Scydmaeniden aus Malaysia und Sulawesi (Coleoptera: Scydmaenidae). Koleopterologische Rundschau, 62: 69 - 76." type="journal article" year="1992">1992</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="844AE3B958612E4CFF6B767F6D52FCAF" author="Jaloszynski P" box="[184,380,831,854]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="223 - 232" refId="ref4413" refString="Jaloszynski P (2002) First record of the genus Horaeomorphus Schaufuss (Coleoptera, Scydmaenidae) from Japan, with description of a new species. Bulletin of National Science Museum Tokyo, Series A, 28 (4): 223 - 232." type="journal article" year="2002">Jałoszyński, 2002</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="844AE3B958612E4CFE59767F6DECFCAF" author="Jaloszynski P" box="[394,450,831,854]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="107 - 117" refId="ref4459" refString="Jaloszynski P (2003) Taxonomical notes on Southeast Asiatic species of Horaeomorphus Schaufuss (Coleoptera, Scydmaenidae), with description of a new species from Taiwan. Bulletin of National Science Museum Tokyo, Series A, 29 (2): 107 - 117." type="journal article" year="2003">2003</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="844AE3B958612E4CFE03767F6E3AFCAF" author="Jaloszynski P" box="[464,532,831,854]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="785 - 789" refId="ref4507" refString="Jaloszynski P (2004 a) The first record of Horaeomorphus Schaufuss (Coleoptera, Scydmaenidae) from the Philippines, with description of H. blattnyi sp. nov. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 111 (4): 785 - 789." type="journal article" year="2004">2004a</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="844AE3B958612E4CFDF1767F6E49FCAF" author="Jaloszynski P" box="[546,615,831,854]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="297 - 303" refId="ref4691" refString="Jaloszynski P (2009 a) Four new species of Horaeomorphus Schaufuss from Oriental Region (Coleoptera: Scydmaenidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 57 (2): 297 - 303." type="journal article" year="2009">2009a</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="844AE3B958612E4CFDA6767F6D07FC8F" author="Jaloszynski P &amp; Nomura S" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="65 - 70" refId="ref4854" refString="Jaloszynski P &amp; Nomura S (2004) A new species of Horaeomorphus Schaufuss (Coleoptera, Scydmaenidae) from Vietnam. Elytra, 32 (1): 65 - 70." type="journal article" year="2004">Jałoszyński &amp; Nomura, 2004</bibRefCitation>
, 2008; 
<bibRefCitation id="844AE3B958612E4CFEA5761F6DF1FC8F" author="Vit S" box="[374,479,863,886]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="287 - 299" refId="ref5189" refString="Vit S (2004) Notes on Horaeomorphus occurring in Nepal (Coleoptera: Scydmaenidae). Acta Societas Zoologicae Bohemicae, 68: 287 - 299." type="journal article" year="2004">Vít, 2004</bibRefCitation>
; Jałoszyński et al., 2007), some of them containing a comprehensive discussion of diagnostic characters of 
<taxonomicName id="27DBE5CB58612E4CFE7C76DF6CC2FC2F" authority=", Makhan &amp; Ezzatpanah" authorityName="Makhan &amp; Ezzatpanah" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Horaeomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D2AF425A58612E4CFE7C76DF6E4AFC4F" box="[431,612,927,950]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Horaeomorphus</emphasis>
, Makhan &amp; Ezzatpanah
</taxonomicName>
cited only one reference, irrelevant to the taxon they dealt with. The illustrations of 
<taxonomicName id="27DBE5CB58612E4CFE35769F6EDEFC0F" authorityName="Makhan &amp; Ezzatpanah" authorityYear="2011" box="[486,752,991,1014]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Horaeomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="soesilae">
<emphasis id="D2AF425A58612E4CFE35769F6EDEFC0F" box="[486,752,991,1014]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Horaeomorphus soesilae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(photos of the dorsal habitus and the aedeagus) provided in the original description show clearly a representative of the unmistakable (or so it seemed) genus 
<taxonomicName id="27DBE5CB58612E4CFDC6717F6EDFFBAF" authority="Schaufuss." authorityName="Schaufuss." box="[533,753,1087,1110]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Syndicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D2AF425A58612E4CFDC6717F6E5AFBAF" box="[533,628,1087,1110]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Syndicus</emphasis>
Schaufuss.
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="27DBE5CB58612E4CFFA2711F6CFEFB8F" box="[113,208,1119,1142]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Syndicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D2AF425A58612E4CFFA2711F6CFEFB8F" box="[113,208,1119,1142]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Syndicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not only easily recognisable on the basis of its remarkable body shape, clearly different than that of any 
<taxonomicName id="27DBE5CB58612E4CFFA271DF6D0EFB4F" box="[113,288,1183,1206]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Horaeomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D2AF425A58612E4CFFA271DF6D0EFB4F" box="[113,288,1183,1206]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Horaeomorphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but first of all it differs from all genera of 
<taxonomicName id="27DBE5CB58612E4CFFA271FF6D21FB2F" authorityName="L.W.Schaufuss" authorityYear="1889" box="[113,271,1215,1238]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cyrtoscydmini">Cyrtoscydmini</taxonomicName>
in having pseudo-10-segmented antennae (all other genera in this tribe, including 
<taxonomicName id="27DBE5CB58612E4CFE2C719F6E80FB0F" box="[511,686,1247,1270]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Horaeomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D2AF425A58612E4CFE2C719F6E80FB0F" box="[511,686,1247,1270]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Horaeomorphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, have clearly 11-segmented antennae). The minute antennomere XI in 
<taxonomicName id="27DBE5CB58612E4CFF5D705F6CC3FACF" box="[142,237,1311,1334]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Syndicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D2AF425A58612E4CFF5D705F6CC3FACF" box="[142,237,1311,1334]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Syndicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is highly reduced and inserted in the preceding antennomere in such a way that in the nominotypical subgenus antennomeres X and XI appear as a single antennomere, with only an indistinct septum visible between the apex of X and the base of XI. The number of antennomeres (apparently 10) can easily be counted on fig. 1 of Makhan &amp; Ezzatpanah, and in case of any doubts the authors themselves provide the crucial data: “Antennae brown, 10-segmented” and “ 
<taxonomicName id="27DBE5CB58612E4CFFAE735F6EA1F9CF" authority="Makhan &amp; Ezzatpanah" authorityName="Makhan &amp; Ezzatpanah" authorityYear="2014" box="[125,655,1567,1590]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Horaeomorphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="soesilae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D2AF425A58612E4CFFAE735F6DA5F9CF" box="[125,395,1567,1590]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Horaeomorphus soesilae</emphasis>
Makhan &amp; Ezzatpanah
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C99CFF2158612E4CFD4F735F6EDFF9CF" box="[668,753,1567,1590]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is the first species with 10 antennal segments. The other species from the Oriental region have 11 antennal segments and the male genitalia are different”. It seems that Makhan &amp; Ezzatpanah are simply not aware of the fact that the genus 
<taxonomicName id="27DBE5CB58612E4CFFA273FF6CFEF92F" box="[113,208,1727,1750]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Syndicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D2AF425A58612E4CFFA273FF6CFEF92F" box="[113,208,1727,1750]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Syndicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
even exists, and certainly the authors do not know (and in consequence do not cite) the large literature related to this genus (which is one of the best studied in the Oriental region), including the world revision (
<bibRefCitation id="844AE3B958612E4CFE25725F6E90F8CF" author="Jaloszynski P" box="[502,702,1823,1846]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" refId="ref4552" refString="Jaloszynski P (2004 b) Revision of scydmaenid beetles of the genus Syndicus Motschulsky (Coleoptera, Scydmaenidae). National Science Museum Monographs Np. 25, National Science Museum, Tokyo, 108 pp." type="book" year="2004">Jałoszyński, 2004b</bibRefCitation>
) and a number of later papers (
<bibRefCitation id="844AE3B958612E4CFE54727F6E79F8AF" author="Jaloszynski P" box="[391,599,1855,1878]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="75 - 78" refId="ref4628" refString="Jaloszynski P (2006 b) Syndicus (Semisyndicus) phuphanmontanus n. sp. from Laos (Coleoptera, Scydmaenidae). Genus, 17 (1): 75 - 78." type="journal article" year="2006">Jałoszyński, 2006b</bibRefCitation>
, 2008, 2009b, 2011a, 2011b; 
<bibRefCitation id="844AE3B958612E4CFEDC721F6E62F88F" author="Jaloszynski P &amp; Nomura S" box="[271,588,1887,1910]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="57 - 60" refId="ref4887" refString="Jaloszynski P &amp; Nomura S (2006) A new species of Syndicus from Vietnam. Bulletin of National Science Museum Tokyo, Series A, 32 (2): 57 - 60." type="journal article" year="2006">Jałoszyński &amp; Nomura, 2006</bibRefCitation>
). The aedeagus illustrated in figs. 2, 3 of 
<bibRefCitation id="844AE3B958612E4CFE53723F6EEDF86F" author="Makhan D &amp; Ezzatpanah S" box="[384,707,1919,1942]" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref5086" refString="Makhan D &amp; Ezzatpanah S (2011) Horaeomorphus soesilae sp. nov., a new ant-like stone beetle from central Java, Indonesia (Coleoptera, Scydmaenidae). Calodema, 151: 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="2011">Makhan &amp; Ezzatpanah (2011)</bibRefCitation>
and the extremely short “description” without a clear diagnosis make it impossible to distinguish 
<taxonomicName id="27DBE5CB58612E4CFE0972FF6EBBF82F" authorityName="Jałoszyński" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Makhan &amp; Ezzatpanah" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[474,661,1983,2006]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Syndicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="soesilae">
<emphasis id="D2AF425A58612E4CFE0972FF6EBBF82F" box="[474,661,1983,2006]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="86">Syndicus soesilae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from its numerous congeners. A further study is necessary to verify whether this is really a new species or merely a synonym.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>