322 lines
35 KiB
XML
322 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="7CB496A63FB67FB85604A5F0F42D8AA1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4088.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4019c4cc-9ef3-402e-888b-f258264b3617" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="261854" ID-ZooBank="7F80636F-C96A-40B8-9DC6-BD341EF0D5AE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1457455295274" checkinUser="donat" docAuthor="Rigato, Fabrizio" docDate="2016" docId="03B76753FF94FFC777F9FBDBFE78F8C0" docLanguage="en" docName="15546-5076-1-PB.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4088 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Polyrhachis omissa Rigato, 2016, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="36" masterDocId="FF8E1F2BFFB5FFE4776EFFEEFFBFFFCB" masterDocTitle="The ant genus Polyrhachis F. Smith in sub-Saharan Africa, with descriptions of ten new species. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)" pageNumber="34" updateTime="1698174368081" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="A03CB9084499A27835B806A2889EEE0E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="222A5A793BECD72F8E280DFA555C1AC9">
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<mods:title id="5115359D274B64761B0499E47A156379">The ant genus Polyrhachis F. Smith in sub-Saharan Africa, with descriptions of ten new species. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="B6A076E9F9D717C21733104D5F37A26C" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="8EA2CCA09EEE4C550369ABF0487F7932">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8494B4E46932844F72D112F1503FD7F0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="3F3D8B63736F1F9CAB611DD823721257">Rigato, Fabrizio</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="87D3D4326424B2D640C635BCF224E254">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="2CB137CDBD2586D19B369A60DDAD2859">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="6A0B22E8B3D67E29942601ED7050F04B">
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<mods:date id="E4AE09FF7CCC50F06F22D38C7C917729">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="49800B13FA29BE26BFAE72593C92AEA3" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="503446BDA1A0AFD3B08BCFF720CB8629">4088</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="2044D018279B9761CFA5E7C8F3757E64" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="BCA90472726AED276A6FE202D12650D7">1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:classification id="501A1AEF66B92BB9F60C3FDD12A4CA66">journal volume</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="F0ADD0953DD56DAA4FEA8A8116FB697E" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4088.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="97347168DD9F2AD6DC99DE7CD85BCB2A" type="GBIF-Dataset">4019c4cc-9ef3-402e-888b-f258264b3617</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="93BC239C19167069AC0155CD5954744B" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BDF145F7D7E05523D351C2E643630EC0" type="Zenodo-Dep">261854</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03B76753FF94FFC777F9FBDBFE78F8C0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6073056" ID-GBIF-Taxon="125783380" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6073056" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B76753FF94FFC777F9FBDBFE78F8C0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B76753FF94FFC777F9FBDBFE78F8C0" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<subSubSection id="C30485CEFF94FFC577F9FBDBFEF9FBBB" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF94FFC577F9FBDBFE73FB84" blockId="33.[151,460,1077,1136]" box="[151,460,1077,1103]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<heading id="D0E96129FF94FFC577F9FBDBFE73FB84" bold="true" box="[151,460,1077,1103]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF94FFC577F9FBDBFE73FB84" bold="true" box="[151,460,1077,1103]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF94FFC577F9FBDBFE3DFB84" box="[151,386,1077,1103]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omissa" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF94FFC577F9FBDBFE3DFB84" bold="true" box="[151,386,1077,1103]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Polyrhachis omissa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A259B72CFF94FFC576E7FBDBFE73FB84" box="[393,460,1077,1103]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF94FFC577F9FBB9FEF9FBBB" blockId="33.[151,460,1077,1136]" box="[151,326,1111,1136]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1325CAC0FF94FFC577F1FBB9FEACFBBB" box="[159,275,1111,1136]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1490,1511]" captionTargetBox="[252,1334,183,1468]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[252,1334,183,1468]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 11. Polyrhachis omissa, holotype worker: A, body profile; B, dorsum of mesosoma; C, head in full-face view. (Photos by M. Zilioli)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261865/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figures 11</figureCitation>
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a–c)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30485CEFF94FFC577F9FB71FA22FACB" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF94FFC577F9FB71FA22FACB" blockId="33.[151,1437,1183,1965]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF94FFC577F9FB71FEAEFB73" bold="true" box="[151,273,1183,1208]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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A stout species in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF94FFC57548FB4EFDC7FB7C" box="[550,632,1184,1207]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viscosa">
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF94FFC57548FB4EFDC7FB7C" box="[550,632,1184,1207]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">viscosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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-group, with strongly reduced pilosity, opaque integument, propodeal dorsum and declivity separated by a medially protruding transverse ridge, and petiole armed with a lateral pair of spines and a dorsal pair of teeth. Very similar to
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF94FFC575DAFB06FCA1FB34" box="[692,798,1256,1279]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">P. v i s c o s a</emphasis>
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, but with ordinary shaped scape and first funicular joint.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30485CEFF94FFC777A9FAE2FE78F8C0" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF94FFC577A9FAE2FA39FAEF" blockId="33.[151,1437,1183,1965]" box="[199,1414,1292,1317]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF94FFC577A9FAE2FE3CFAEE" box="[199,387,1292,1317]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Holotype worker</emphasis>
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. HL 1.62, HW 1.49, CI 92, SL 1.80, SI 121, FW 0.41, FI 28 PW 1.33, WL 2.10, HTL 1.70.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF94FFC577A9FAC1FC28F9AC" blockId="33.[151,1437,1183,1965]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Clypeus ecarinate, its anterior margin evenly convex and medially crenulate. Head widely oval, distinctly wider around the level of the eyes and much narrower at the level of mandibular insertions. Frons relatively narrow, frontal carinae sinuous. Antennae moderately long. Eyes large and flat, placed close to the posterior corners of the head. Mesosoma stout, nearly flat in profile, mesonotum more than twice as wide as long. Promesonotal suture narrow, but well marked, metanotal suture faint, hardly visible. Pronotal teeth well developed and slightly diverging. Propodeal dorsum bearing an upturned small tooth at each posterior corner; propodeal dorsum and declivity separated by a thin ridge strongly medially raised as an antero-posteriorly flattened lobe. Petiolar scale wide, armed with 4 equidistant spines and teeth: a lateral pair of spines and a dorsal pair of sharp teeth; the space between dorsal teeth straight. First gastral tergite anteriorly concave.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF94FFC577A9F99BFEF3F91F" blockId="33.[151,1437,1183,1965]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Integument matt; ground sculpture finely reticulate-punctate all over the body and more superficially so on appendages. A superimposed, irregular reticulate rugulosity covers most of head and mesosoma in a somewhat areolate pattern.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF94FFC577A9F931FC6BF8D6" blockId="33.[151,1437,1183,1965]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Standing hairs almost lacking: occurring only at the anterior clypeal margin and on gastral tergites III–V and all sternites. Pubescence very short and sparse, hardly visible on the body.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF94FFC577A9F8C9FE5DF88B" blockId="33.[151,1437,1183,1965]" box="[199,482,1831,1856]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Colour black throughout.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF94FFC577A9F8A3FA87F843" blockId="33.[151,1437,1183,1965]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF94FFC577A9F8A3FEC9F8AF" box="[199,374,1869,1892]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Paratype gynes</emphasis>
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(n=12). HL 1.76–1.99, HW 1.49–1.72, CI 82–88, SL 1.81–2.13, SI 116–128, FW 0.42–0.50, FI 28–30, ScW 1.73–2.05, MnL 2.13–2.63, WL 2.93–3.50, HTL 1.85–2.21, Anterior wing length 8.1-9.3.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF94FFC577A9F87AFA29F866" blockId="33.[151,1437,1183,1965]" box="[199,1430,1940,1965]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">With the usual caste differences from the worker and with weakly convex eyes. Wings moderately infuscated.</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF6186CDFF97FFC677F9FA3CFECAF9CD" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261865/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" targetBox="[252,1334,183,1468]" targetPageId="34">
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<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF97FFC677F9FA3CFECAF9CD" blockId="34.[151,1437,1489,1542]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF97FFC677F9FA3CFE9DFA2C" bold="true" box="[151,290,1490,1511]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF97FFC67642FA3FFE49FA2C" box="[300,502,1489,1511]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omissa">
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF97FFC67642FA3FFE49FA2C" box="[300,502,1489,1511]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Polyrhachis omissa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, holotype worker: A, body profile; B, dorsum of mesosoma; C, head in full-face view. (Photos by M. Zilioli)
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF97FFC677A9F9C1FB06F9A3" blockId="34.[151,1437,1581,2032]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF97FFC677A9F9C1FED2F98D" box="[199,365,1581,1606]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Paratype male</emphasis>
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. HL 1.24, HW 1.10, CI 89, SL 1.40, SI 127, ScW 1.53, MnL 2.16, WL 2.87, HTL 1.95. (I confidently assign to this taxon a single male collected together with several gynes in Yemen).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF97FFC677A9F99EFDAEF8F6" blockId="34.[151,1437,1581,2032]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Mandibles narrow, almost unarmed, with a short masticatory margin bearing a blunt apical cleft tooth and 1 or 2 minute blunt denticles. Anterior clypeal margin entire, evenly convex. Head round with relatively small eyes (maximum eye length: 0.47), Ocelli well developed: MOD (mid-ocellus diameter): 0.18; distance between mid ocellus and each lateral one <MOD. Distance between lateral ocelli: 0.46. Length of anterior wing: approx. 7.4. Petiolar scale thick, wide and low; in frontal view the petiolar dorsum is evenly weakly convex and is separated from sides by a weak blunt angle.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF97FFC677A9F8A7FE52F84F" blockId="34.[151,1437,1581,2032]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Integument subopaque, finely reticulate-punctate; only the head dorsum bears a trace of rugulo-reticulation recalling that of female castes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF97FFC677A9F87EFD09F863" blockId="34.[151,1437,1581,2032]" box="[199,694,1936,1961]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Pilosity reduced, mostly as in female castes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF97FFC677A9F85AFF6AF83B" blockId="34.[151,1437,1581,2032]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Body and antennae blackish; legs dark brown, mandibles and most articulations slightly paler. Wings as in gyne.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF96FFC777A9FF76FCBDFED6" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC777A9FF76FE31FF7B" box="[199,398,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Paratype workers</emphasis>
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(n=10). HL 1.56–1.80, HW 1.39–1.64, CI 88–92, SL 1.68–2.00, SI 118–127, FW 0.35–0.44, FI 25–28, PW 1.20–1.56, WL 1.90–2.32, HTL 1.56–1.98. Mostly consistent with the holotype, but with some minute variations. Eyes more or less slightly convex, metanotal suture sometimes completely lacking dorsally, and median lobe of propodeum reduced to a low convexity.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF96FFC777A9FEC9FBB0FE8B" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,1112]" box="[199,1039,295,320]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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Holotype worker.
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC776FCFEC9FDA7FE8B" bold="true" box="[402,536,295,320]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">SOMALIA</emphasis>
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: Balad, 28.ix.1986 (
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC77590FEC6FC31FE8B" box="[766,910,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">L. Bartolozzi</emphasis>
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) (MSNM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF96FFC777A9FEA3FBCDFD63" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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Paratypes.
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC7762AFEA3FE13FEAF" bold="true" box="[324,428,333,356]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">YEMEN</emphasis>
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: Sokna (Tihama), m 200, 20.viii.1965 (
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC7741BFEA2FC41FEAF" box="[885,1022,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">G. Scortecci</emphasis>
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) (17 g, 1 m, MSNM).
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC77266FEA2FA2BFEAE" bold="true" box="[1288,1428,332,357]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">ETHIOPIA</emphasis>
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: “da Dimé al Bass Narok”, viii–ix.1896 (
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC77500FE9EFD7AFE4C" box="[622,709,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Bottego</emphasis>
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) (1 g, MSNG) [misidentified by Emery (1899) as
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<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC77277FE9EFA38FE4C" box="[1305,1415,368,391]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viscosa">
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC77277FE9EFA38FE4C" box="[1305,1415,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. viscosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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]; Banno, Sagan-Omo, 10.v.1939 (
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC7756AFE7BFD32FE67" box="[516,653,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">E. Zavattari</emphasis>
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) (1 w, MSNG); Caschei, Sagan-Omo, 6.vii.1939 (
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC773A2FE7BFAEAFE67" box="[1228,1365,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">E. Zavattari</emphasis>
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) (3 g, MSNG).
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC7766DFE59FE36FE1B" bold="true" box="[259,393,439,464]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">SOMALIA</emphasis>
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: “M. Umberto I”, iii.1892–93 [?] (
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC7744BFE56FC23FE1B" box="[805,924,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">E. Ruspoli</emphasis>
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) (1 g, MSNG); Ganana, iii.1892–93 [?] (
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC772EAFE56FF53FE3E" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">E. Ruspoli</emphasis>
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) (2 g, MSNG); “Boran Galla, Medio Ganale”, vi.1893 (
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC7741FFE33FC3BFE3F" box="[881,900,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">V.</emphasis>
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Bottego) (1 w, MSNG); “Basso Ganana”, vii– viii.1893 (
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC7767EFDEEFE9DFDDC" box="[272,290,512,535]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">V.</emphasis>
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Bottego) (3 w, MSNG); Eil (Nogal), iii–iv.1938 (
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC7741BFDEEFC69FDDC" box="[885,982,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">S. Venzo</emphasis>
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) (2 g, MSNM); Eil (
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC773B8FDEEFAF0FDD3" box="[1238,1359,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">A. Falzoni</emphasis>
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) (1 g, MSNM); Gardo, 810m, 21.x.1957 (
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC7755EFDCAFD06FDF7" box="[560,697,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">G. Scortecci</emphasis>
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) (2 g, MSNM); same data, but 22.x.1957 (2 g, MSNM); Afgoi, v.1972 (
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC7779CFDA6FEDAFD94" box="[242,357,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">L. Masutti</emphasis>
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) (2 g, MSNM); Afgoi, 2.x.1986 (
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC7758EFDA6FCCFFDAB" box="[736,880,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">L. Bartolozzi</emphasis>
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) (1 w, MSNM).
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC77343FDA9FB2FFDAB" bold="true" box="[1069,1168,583,608]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">KENYA</emphasis>
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: Mackinnon (30 km ca. N-NW of Mombasa), ix.1946 (
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<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC7756DFD82FD3EFD4E" box="[515,641,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Meneghetti</emphasis>
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) (1 w, 1 g, MSNM); Malindi, xii.1993 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC7730FFD83FB64FD4E" box="[1121,1243,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">R. Regalin</emphasis>
|
||
) (3 w, MSNM); Archer’s Post, Uaso Nyiro river, 2300’, 6.xii.1969 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC775B7FD7EFC5FFD6C" box="[729,992,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">M.E. Irwin & E.S. Ross</emphasis>
|
||
) (4 g, CAS).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF96FFC777A9FD5AFE53FC03" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC777A9FD5AFEFBFD06" bold="true" box="[199,324,692,717]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Comment.</emphasis>
|
||
I often found specimens of
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC775E9FD5BFD50FD07" box="[647,751,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. o m i s s a</emphasis>
|
||
labelled as
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC77415FD5BFC58FD07" box="[891,999,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. v i s c o s a</emphasis>
|
||
and mixed with it, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC77396FD5BFAF9FD07" box="[1272,1350,693,716]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omissa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC77396FD5BFAF9FD07" box="[1272,1350,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">omissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
always lacks the distinctive antennal features that separate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC77596FD36FCF4FD24" box="[760,843,728,751]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viscosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC77596FD36FCF4FD24" box="[760,843,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">viscosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from all other African
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC77306FD39FB50FD3B" box="[1128,1263,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC77306FD39FB50FD3B" box="[1128,1263,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Polyrhachis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
known so far.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC777F9FD12FEC8FCDF" box="[151,375,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viscosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC777F9FD12FEC8FCDF" box="[151,375,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Polyrhachis viscosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a strongly widened apex of the scape and a strongly depressed first funicular joint (see Fig. 22 in Bolton, 1973). This feature is unique to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC775DAFCCEFCB8FCFC" box="[692,775,800,823]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viscosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC775DAFCCEFCB8FCFC" box="[692,775,800,823]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">viscosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and seemingly constant. Although I found several gynes assignable to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC77654FCABFE16FC97" box="[314,425,837,860]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omissa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC77654FCABFE16FC97" box="[314,425,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. omissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
collected in Yemen, Collingwood and Agosti (1996) in their survey of Arabian ants mentioned
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC7767BFC86FE3DFCB4" box="[277,386,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. v i s c o s a</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC776D0FC86FD74FC4B" authority="F. Smith" authorityName="F. Smith" box="[446,715,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacteipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC776D0FC86FDDCFC4B" box="[446,611,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. lacteipennis</emphasis>
|
||
F. Smith
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
only.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC7747DFC89FB95FC4B" box="[787,1066,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacteipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC7747DFC89FB95FC4B" box="[787,1066,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Polyrhachis lacteipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
superficially recalls
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC77276FC86FAD5FCB4" box="[1304,1386,872,895]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viscosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC77276FC86FAD5FCB4" box="[1304,1386,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">viscosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC777F9FC63FF5AFC6F" box="[151,229,909,932]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omissa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC777F9FC63FF5AFC6F" box="[151,229,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">omissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but belongs to the non-African subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC775BEFC62FCECFC6E" box="[720,851,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Myrmhopla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC775BEFC62FCECFC6E" box="[720,851,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Myrmhopla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and has a slender and immarginate mesosoma and other very distinctive features.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF96FFC777A9FC3BFF54FBFF" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
I also examined the types of
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC7754EFC3BFD22FC27" box="[544,669,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. an t i n or i i</emphasis>
|
||
Emery, which Bolton (l.c.) did not see and synonymised with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC772E9FC3BFF55FBC4" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viscosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC772E9FC3BFF55FBC4" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. viscosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. I can confirm that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC776A9FC16FD96FBC4" box="[455,553,1016,1039]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antinorii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC776A9FC16FD96FBC4" box="[455,553,1016,1039]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">antinorii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is conspecific with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC77464FC16FCE3FBC4" box="[778,860,1016,1039]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viscosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC77464FC16FCE3FBC4" box="[778,860,1016,1039]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">viscosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; therefore no old available names are assignable to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC777F9FBF3FF5AFBFF" box="[151,229,1053,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omissa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC777F9FBF3FF5AFBFF" box="[151,229,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">omissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF96FFC777A9FBD1FB06FB93" blockId="35.[151,1437,151,1112]" box="[199,1209,1087,1112]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
The main features separating
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC7757CFBAEFDDFFB9C" box="[530,608,1088,1111]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omissa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC7757CFBAEFDDFFB9C" box="[530,608,1088,1111]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">omissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC775CAFBAEFD48FB9C" box="[676,759,1088,1111]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viscosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC775CAFBAEFD48FB9C" box="[676,759,1088,1111]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">viscosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
workers can be summarized as follows:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF96FFC777F1FB9AFCF0FA18" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<table id="F91E24E5FF96001B77F1FB9AFA30FA18" box="[159,1423,1140,1491]" gridcols="2" gridrows="6" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<tr id="352ED407FF96001B77F1FB9AFA30FB41" box="[159,1423,1140,1162]" gridrow="0" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC777F1FB9AFC52FB41" box="[159,1005,1140,1162]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<th id="76FFBD7BFF96001B77F1FB9AFCB3FB41" box="[159,780,1140,1162]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC777F1FB9AFEDAFB41" box="[159,357,1140,1162]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omissa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC777F1FB9AFEDAFB41" box="[159,357,1140,1162]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Polyrhachis omissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76FFBD7BFF96001B744FFB9AFA30FB41" box="[801,1423,1140,1162]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC7744CFB9AFC52FB41" box="[802,1005,1140,1162]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viscosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC7744CFB9AFC52FB41" box="[802,1005,1140,1162]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Polyrhachis viscosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352ED407FF96001B77F1FB73FA30FB19" box="[159,1423,1181,1234]" gridrow="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<td id="76FFBD7BFF96001B77F1FB73FCB3FB19" box="[159,780,1181,1234]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Scape and first funicular joint of usual shape</td>
|
||
<td id="76FFBD7BFF96001B744FFB73FA30FB19" box="[801,1423,1181,1234]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Scape strongly widened apically and first funicular joint strongly flattened proximally</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352ED407FF96001B77F1FB0BFA30FB30" box="[159,1423,1253,1275]" gridrow="2" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<td id="76FFBD7BFF96001B77F1FB0BFCB3FB30" box="[159,780,1253,1275]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Head apperaring almost round, CI 88 or more</td>
|
||
<td id="76FFBD7BFF96001B744FFB0BFA30FB30" box="[801,1423,1253,1275]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Head appearing somewhat elongate, CI 86 or less</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352ED407FF96001B77F1FAE0FA30FA88" box="[159,1423,1294,1347]" gridrow="3" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<td id="76FFBD7BFF96001B77F1FAE0FCB3FA88" box="[159,780,1294,1347]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Anterior clypeal margin entire, medially crenulate and at most faintly notched</td>
|
||
<td id="76FFBD7BFF96001B744FFAE0FA30FA88" box="[801,1423,1294,1347]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Anterior clypeal margin usually with a small, but distinct, median notch</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352ED407FF96001B77F1FAB8FA30FAA7" box="[159,1423,1366,1388]" gridrow="4" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<td id="76FFBD7BFF96001B77F1FAB8FCB3FAA7" box="[159,780,1366,1388]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Frons narrower, FI 28 or less</td>
|
||
<td id="76FFBD7BFF96001B744FFAB8FA30FAA7" box="[801,1423,1366,1388]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Frons wider, FI 30 or more</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352ED407FF96001B77F1FA6EFA30FA18" box="[159,1423,1408,1491]" gridrow="5" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<td id="76FFBD7BFF96001B77F1FA6EFCB3FA18" box="[159,780,1408,1491]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Mesosoma stouter: pronotum about twice as wide as propodeum; mesonotum in dorsal view about 2.5 times as wide as long</td>
|
||
<td id="76FFBD7BFF96001B744FFA6EFA30FA18" box="[801,1423,1408,1491]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Mesosoma more slender: pronotum about 1.5 times as wide as propodeum; mesonotum in dorsal view about twice as wide as long</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF96FFC777A9F9F5FB35F9B0" blockId="35.[151,1436,1562,1803]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
In addition, most
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC776FDF9F5FE5EF9F9" box="[403,481,1563,1586]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omissa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC776FDF9F5FE5EF9F9" box="[403,481,1563,1586]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">omissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens have a few standing setae on the second gastral tergite, while all of the approximetely 20
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC7761EF9D1FE7DF99D" box="[368,450,1599,1622]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viscosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC7761EF9D1FE7DF99D" box="[368,450,1599,1622]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">viscosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens I examined have no erect hairs on the second gastral tergite; but this difference might be due to population differences, age or degree of abrasion of specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1D645FF96FFC777F9F969FE78F8C0" blockId="35.[151,1436,1562,1803]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Among the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC77671F969FECDF955" box="[287,370,1671,1694]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viscosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC77671F969FECDF955" box="[287,370,1671,1694]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">viscosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-group species listed by Bolton only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC77474F969FCD2F955" box="[794,877,1671,1694]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viscosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC77474F969FCD2F955" box="[794,877,1671,1694]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">viscosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
itself and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC77486F969FB8BF955" box="[1000,1076,1671,1694]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="nigrita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC77486F969FB8BF955" box="[1000,1076,1671,1694]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">nigrita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
share the same arrangement of petiolar spines as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC77613F945FE74F909" box="[381,459,1707,1730]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omissa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC77613F945FE74F909" box="[381,459,1707,1730]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">omissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: a long lateral pair, and a much shorter, often tooth-like, dorsal pair. Moreover,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC7723EF945FA23F909" box="[1360,1436,1707,1730]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="nigrita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC7723EF945FA23F909" box="[1360,1436,1707,1730]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">nigrita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC77642F921FEC0F92D" box="[300,383,1743,1766]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viscosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC77642F921FEC0F92D" box="[300,383,1743,1766]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">viscosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EADC6FF96FFC776D3F921FDB4F92D" box="[445,523,1743,1766]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="omissa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A0A57FF96FFC776D3F921FDB4F92D" box="[445,523,1743,1766]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">omissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
especially by its longer propodeal teeth and by the propodeal dorsum evenly rounding into the declivity.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |