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<mods:title id="F7D0FE9BD39346B48AB75E8B7621CC54">Middle Permian (Roadian) gastropods from the Khao Khad Formation, Central Thailand: Implications for palaeogeography of the Indochina Terrane</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03B587AB4F1F1556FF517ACBFB38F9F2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3803847" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163737161" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3803847" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AB4F1F1556FF517ACBFB38F9F2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587AB4F1F1556FF517ACBFB38F9F2" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<subSubSection id="C30665364F1F1556FF517ACBFDF5FD4A" box="[151,574,693,720]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA336BD4F1F1556FF517ACBFDF5FD4A" blockId="40.[151,574,693,755]" box="[151,574,693,720]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<heading id="D0EB81D14F1F1556FF517ACBFDF5FD4A" bold="true" box="[151,574,693,720]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FF517ACBFDF5FD4A" bold="true" box="[151,574,693,720]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3E4F1F1556FF517ACBFEC5FD4A" ID-CoL="7PHK4" authorityName="Meek" authorityYear="1871" box="[151,270,693,719]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptacididae" genus="Streptacis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Heterostropha" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FF517ACBFEC5FD4A" bold="true" box="[151,270,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Streptacis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
?
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FEE27ACBFE12FD55" bold="true" box="[292,473,693,720]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">khaokhadensis</emphasis>
sp. nov.
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30665364F1F1556FF517AA7FEE5FD76" box="[151,302,728,755]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA336BD4F1F1556FF517AA7FEE5FD76" blockId="40.[151,574,693,755]" box="[151,302,728,755]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
(
<figureCitation id="13272A384F1F1556FF667AA7FF24FD76" box="[160,239,728,755]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1830,1855]" captionTargetBox="[197,1390,181,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[197,1390,181,1805]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 25. A, Donaldospira sp., ESKU-19-LP 85. BE, Knightella irregularis (Longstaff, 1933), BC, ESKU-19-LP 41. DE, ESKU-19-LP 84. FH, Protostylus sp., F, ESKU-19-LP 39. GH, ESKU-19-LP 64. IN, Trypanocochlea lopburiensis sp. nov. I, M, ESKU-19-LP 210, holotype; oblique view of early whorls to show protoconch. J, ESKU-19-LP 201, paratype. K, ESKU-19-LP 203, paratype. L, ESKU-19-LP 206, paratype; lateral view of early whorls to show protoconch. N, ESKU-19-LP 221, paratype. OR, Streptacis? khaokhadensis sp. nov., OP, ESKU-19-LP 214, holotype. QR, ESKU-19-LP 213, paratype. Scale bars represent: 2 mm (AH); 200 μm (IR)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3763957" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3763957/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
OR)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30665364F1F1556FF517B5FFB04FCBE" box="[151,1231,801,827]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BA336BD4F1F1556FF517B5FFB04FCBE" blockId="40.[151,1437,801,1655]" box="[151,1231,801,827]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FF517B5FFED5FCBE" bold="true" box="[151,286,801,827]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Etymology.</emphasis>
After the Khao Khad Formation in which the studied gastropod material was found.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30665364F1F1556FF017B3BFF38FC4E" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA336BD4F1F1556FF017B3BFDD9FCDA" blockId="40.[151,1437,801,1655]" box="[199,530,837,863]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<materialsCitation id="3B743CE04F1F1556FF017B3BFDD9FCDA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608527131" box="[199,530,837,863]" collectionCode="LP" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="ESKU-19-LP 213" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FF017B3BFEF0FCDA" bold="true" box="[199,315,837,863]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<typeStatus id="54A7881F4F1F1556FF017B3BFEFDFCDA" box="[199,310,837,863]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="DBBA9EC64F1F1556FE847B3BFDC6FCDA" box="[322,525,837,863]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">ESKU-19-LP 213</specimenCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336BD4F1F1556FF017B17FDD9FC06" blockId="40.[151,1437,801,1655]" box="[199,530,873,899]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FF017B17FEF0FC06" bold="true" box="[199,315,873,899]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<typeStatus id="54A7881F4F1F1556FF017B17FEFDFC06" box="[199,310,873,899]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
ESKU-19-
<collectionCode id="ED0DAE784F1F1556FE717B17FE12FC06" box="[439,473,873,899]" country="Russia" name="Laboratory of Palaeontology" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">LP</collectionCode>
214.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA336BD4F1F1556FF017BF3FF38FC4E" blockId="40.[151,1437,801,1655]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
Dimensions (mm): ESKU-19-
<collectionCode id="ED0DAE784F1F1556FDD17BF3FDF2FC22" box="[535,569,909,935]" country="Russia" name="Laboratory of Palaeontology" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">LP</collectionCode>
213: height =
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FD1B7BF0FD22FC22" box="[733,745,910,935]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">c</emphasis>
. 2.4; width =
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FC4E7BF0FC5FFC22" box="[904,916,910,935]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">c</emphasis>
. 0.8. ESKU-19-
<collectionCode id="ED0DAE784F1F1556FB8F7BF3FBA0FC22" box="[1097,1131,909,935]" country="Russia" name="Laboratory of Palaeontology" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">LP</collectionCode>
214: height =
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FAD67BF0FAD7FC22" box="[1296,1308,910,935]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">c</emphasis>
. 1.3; width =
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FF687BCCFF71FC4E" box="[174,186,946,971]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">c</emphasis>
. 0.7.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30665364F1F1556FF017BABFE74FBB2" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA336BD4F1F1556FF017BABFE74FBB2" blockId="40.[151,1437,801,1655]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FF017BABFD6AFC6A" bold="true" box="[199,673,980,1007]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Type locality and stratigraphical range.</emphasis>
Erawan Hill, Chong Sarika sub-district, Phatthana Nikhom district, located about
<quantity id="4CE49B584F1F1556FEF17B87FEB4FB96" box="[311,383,1017,1043]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="km" value="13.0">13 km</quantity>
east of
<collectingRegion id="49D8F85F4F1F1556FE1C7B87FD69FB96" box="[474,674,1017,1043]" country="Thailand" name="Lop Buri" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Lopburi Province</collectingRegion>
, Central
<collectingCountry id="F30B762D4F1F1556FCCF7B87FCA6FB96" box="[777,877,1017,1043]" name="Thailand" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Thailand</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="13272A384F1F1556FCBB7B87FC0BFB96" box="[893,960,1017,1043]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="1.[151,168,1975,2001]" captionTargetBox="[243,1345,1164,1941]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[236,1350,1160,1948]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Geological map of the study location at Erawan Hill, Chong Sarika sub-district, Phatthana Nikhom district, located about 13 km east of Lopburi Province, Central Thailand." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3763909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3763909/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
), Khao Khad Formation,
<collectingRegion id="49D8F85F4F1F1556FB217B87FA8DFB96" box="[1255,1350,1017,1043]" country="Thailand" name="Sara Buri" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Saraburi</collectingRegion>
Group, Middle Permian, Roadian.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30665364F1F1556FF017C3EFB1EFB26" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA336BD4F1F1556FF017C3EFB1EFB26" blockId="40.[151,1437,801,1655]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FF017C3EFE92FBDE" bold="true" box="[199,345,1088,1115]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Description.</emphasis>
Shell very small, high-spired, slender, largest specimen consisting of 7 whorls; protoconch smooth, seemingly coaxially heterostrophic; whorls low, smooth; earliest teleoconch whorls low, markedly convex with periphery at mid-whorl; later whorls higher, less convex; sutures deep; base and aperture unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30665364F1F1556FF017CD3FB38F9F2" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA336BD4F1F1556FF017CD3FB38F9F2" blockId="40.[151,1437,801,1655]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FF017CD3FEF0FB42" bold="true" box="[199,315,1197,1223]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Remarks.</emphasis>
Both specimens at hand are close to the Permian Japanese species
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3E4F1F1556FBEF7CD3FF04FB6E" authority="Nutzel, 2012" authorityName="Nutzel" authorityYear="2012" class="Gastropoda" family="Palaeostylidae" genus="Knightella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hydrobiformis">
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FBEF7CD3FA8FFB42" box="[1065,1348,1197,1223]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Knightella hydrobiformis</emphasis>
Nützel, 2012
</taxonomicName>
from the Akasaka Limestone as reported by Nützel &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4C4F1F1556FCFF7CAFFBCBFB6E" author="Nakazawa" box="[825,1024,1233,1259]" firstAuthor="Nakazawa" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="103 - 169" refId="ref27024" refString="Nu ¨ tzel, A. &amp; Nakazawa, K. (2012) Permian (Capitanian) gastropods from the Akasaka Limestone (Gifu Prefecture, Japan). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 10, 103 - 169. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 14772019.2010.549659" type="journal article" year="2012">Nakazawa (2012)</bibRefCitation>
in shell shape and size. However, in
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3E4F1F1556FF517C88FE9DFA8A" authorityName="Nutzel" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,342,1269,1295]" class="Gastropoda" family="Palaeostylidae" genus="Knightella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hydrobiformis">
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FF517C88FF61FA8A" box="[151,170,1270,1295]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">K</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FF7E7C8BFE9DFA8A" box="[184,342,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">hydrobiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
convexity of the whorl face and height of the whorl does not change during ontogeny in contrast to the specimens at hand. The protoconch of the present material shows coaxial heterostrophy as does a specimen representing
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3E4F1F1556FEEC7D40FDD2FAD2" authorityName="Nutzel" authorityYear="2012" box="[298,537,1341,1367]" class="Gastropoda" family="Palaeostylidae" genus="Knightella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hydrobiformis">
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FEEC7D40FE8FFAD2" box="[298,324,1342,1367]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">K.</emphasis>
aff.
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FEBD7D43FDD2FAD2" box="[379,537,1341,1367]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">hydrobiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
illustrated by Nützel &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4C4F1F1556FCF67D43FC3AFAD2" author="Nakazawa" box="[816,1009,1341,1367]" firstAuthor="Nakazawa" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="103 - 169" refId="ref27024" refString="Nu ¨ tzel, A. &amp; Nakazawa, K. (2012) Permian (Capitanian) gastropods from the Akasaka Limestone (Gifu Prefecture, Japan). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 10, 103 - 169. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 14772019.2010.549659" type="journal article" year="2012">Nakazawa (2012</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 20N, O). However, the
<typeStatus id="54A7881F4F1F1556FAFC7D43FA57FAD2" box="[1338,1436,1341,1367]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3E4F1F1556FF7F7D1CFEB1FAFE" authorityName="Nutzel" authorityYear="2012" box="[185,378,1377,1403]" class="Gastropoda" family="Palaeostylidae" genus="Knightella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hydrobiformis">
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FF7F7D1CFF07FAFE" box="[185,204,1378,1403]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">K</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FF1A7D1FFEB1FAFE" box="[220,378,1377,1403]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">hydrobiformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not display heterostrophy (maybe due to preservation) and was hence assigned to the caenogastropod genus
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3E4F1F1556FE507DFBFDC7FA1A" authorityName="Longstaff" authorityYear="1933" box="[406,524,1413,1439]" class="Gastropoda" family="Palaeostylidae" genus="Knightella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FE507DFBFDC7FA1A" box="[406,524,1413,1439]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Knightella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see Nützel 1998).
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3E4F1F1556FD217DFBFC9DFA1A" authorityName="Meek" authorityYear="1871" box="[743,854,1413,1439]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptacididae" genus="Streptacis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Heterostropha" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FD217DFBFC9DFA1A" box="[743,854,1413,1439]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Streptacis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterized by transaxial heterostrophy i.e., the protoconch axis is more or less perpendicular to the shell axis of the teleoconch. However,
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3E4F1F1556FB4C7DD7FB32FA46" authorityName="Meek" authorityYear="1871" box="[1162,1273,1449,1475]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptacididae" genus="Streptacis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Heterostropha" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FB4C7DD7FB32FA46" box="[1162,1273,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Streptacis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
?
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FACA7DD7FF7EFA62" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">khaokhadensis</emphasis>
sp. nov. shows coaxial heterostrophy as does for instance the Jurassic genus
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FBD37DB3FB50FA62" box="[1045,1179,1485,1511]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Usedomella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4C4F1F1556FB677DB3FA88FA62" author="Grundel" box="[1185,1347,1485,1511]" firstAuthor="Grundel" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 37" refId="ref24358" refString="Grundel, J. (1998) Heterostropha (Gastropoda) aus dem Dogger Norddeutschlands und Nordpolens. II. Weitere Allogastropoda. Freiberger Forschungsheft, C 474, Palaontologie, Stratigraphie, Fazies, 6, 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="1998">Gründel, 1998</bibRefCitation>
and the Pennsylvanian
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3E4F1F1556FE847D8FFDAAF98E" authority="Bandel, 2002 a" authorityName="Bandel" authorityYear="2002" box="[322,609,1521,1547]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptacididae" genus="Mapesella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Heterostropha" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FE847D8FFE7CF98E" box="[322,439,1521,1547]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Mapesella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4C4F1F1556FE787D8FFDAAF98E" author="Bandel" box="[446,609,1521,1547]" firstAuthor="Bandel" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="45 - 80" refId="ref22773" refString="Bandel, K. (2002 a) About the Heterostropha (Gastropoda) from the Carboniferous and Permian. Mitteilungen des Geologisch- Palaontologischen Instituts der Universitat Hamburg, 86, 45 - 80." type="journal article" year="2002" yearSuffix="a">
Bandel, 2002
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FD957D8CFDAAF98E" box="[595,609,1522,1547]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">a</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. However, in
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FCC67D8FFC4DF98E" box="[768,902,1521,1547]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Usedomella</emphasis>
the width of the protoconch exceeds that of the early teleoconch and
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3E4F1F1556FE447E6BFE3CF9AA" authorityName="Bandel" authorityYear="2002" box="[386,503,1557,1583]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptacididae" genus="Mapesella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Heterostropha" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FE447E6BFE3CF9AA" box="[386,503,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Mapesella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has axial threads on the teleoconch whorls, both is not the case in
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FB167E6BFB15F9AA" box="[1232,1246,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S</emphasis>
.?
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FB317E6BFA57F9AA" box="[1271,1436,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">khaokhadensis</emphasis>
sp. nov.. Therfore we tentaively place
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FD8C7E47FD93F9D6" box="[586,600,1593,1619]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S</emphasis>
.?
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FDB27E47FCD2F9D6" box="[628,793,1593,1619]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">khaokhadensis</emphasis>
sp. nov. in
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3E4F1F1556FC597E47FBC5F9D6" authorityName="Meek" authorityYear="1871" box="[927,1038,1593,1619]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptacididae" genus="Streptacis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Heterostropha" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FC597E47FBC5F9D6" box="[927,1038,1593,1619]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Streptacis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FBDB7E47FBE0F9D6" box="[1053,1067,1593,1619]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S</emphasis>
.?
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FB817E47FB27F9D6" box="[1095,1260,1593,1619]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">khaokhadensis</emphasis>
sp. nov. differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3E4F1F1556FF137E20FDF1F9F2" authority="(Longstaff, 1933)" baseAuthorityName="Longstaff" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[213,570,1629,1655]" class="Gastropoda" family="Palaeostylidae" genus="Knightella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="irregularis">
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FF137E20FF23F9F2" box="[213,232,1630,1655]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">K</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B968EAAF4F1F1556FF337E23FEA6F9F2" box="[245,365,1629,1655]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">irregularis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B4C4F1F1556FEBA7E23FDFAF9F2" author="Longstaff" box="[380,561,1629,1655]" firstAuthor="Longstaff" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="87 - 124" refId="ref25915" refString="Longstaff, J. D. (1933) A revision of the British Carboniferous Loxonematidae, with descriptions of new forms. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 89 (2), 87 - 124. https: // doi. org / 10.1144 / GSL. JGS. 1933.089.01 - 04.05" type="journal article" year="1933">Longstaff, 1933</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
in whorl profile that is somewhat pendent and in being larger.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>