283 lines
32 KiB
XML
283 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="D95902FB6F88D585CF7EF5418758C953" ID-CLB-Dataset="263342" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5286.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="67e7a105-1f62-414a-83d9-f758039eb726" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7958937" ID-ZooBank="F9834684-24D3-4795-B5EB-77B451DF856D" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1684793492880" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shi, Hongliang & Liang, Hongbin" docDate="2023" docId="038776236231FF942DEFB010FA7B5A29" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5286.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5286 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5286.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Parena Motschulsky 1860" docType="key" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="120" masterDocId="FFBE0E5B6246FFE32D78B27BFFE75D5A" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the genus Parena Motschulsky, 1860 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini, Metallicina)" masterLastPageNumber="144" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="120" updateTime="1699506634024" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="89370219117B065B6CC5B55255080570">
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<mods:title id="9CDF6F6A3B123005BE631F9F50431122">Taxonomic revision of the genus Parena Motschulsky, 1860 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini, Metallicina)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="31EC61E2D9A34F1F18EB52F4E6CDED5E">Shi, Hongliang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="50C024F1A63433FCE6E57B18E0855CF0" type="email">shihl@bjfu.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="B535F50AA4AB633BE2DA186A1367F46A">Liang, Hongbin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="6261A38AE6D5D3423DF817ABCA774F89">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="285F767A4B38370592982D6D2E320665">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="53C24FE99E8FD2EA9D8F898BAF695802">2023-05-18</mods:number>
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<treatment id="038776236231FF942DEFB010FA7B5A29" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7963799" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209629037" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7963799" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038776236231FF942DEFB010FA7B5A29" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038776236231FF942DEFB010FA7B5A29" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
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<subSubSection id="C33494BE6231FF942DEFB010FCA85FDF" box="[151,847,618,645]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B91C7356231FF942DEFB010FCA85FDF" blockId="119.[151,847,618,645]" box="[151,847,618,645]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
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<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF942DEFB010FCA85FDF" bold="true" box="[151,847,618,645]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
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Key to African species in subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66231FF942F37B010FCA85FDF" ID-CoL="8KVXP" ID-ENA="177489" authority="Motschulsky, 1860" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1860" box="[591,847,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF942F37B010FD405FDF" bold="true" box="[591,679,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Parena</emphasis>
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Motschulsky
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33494BE6231FF942DEFB0D1FA7B5A29" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" type="key">
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<key id="FFBF90046231FF942DEFB0D1FA7B5A29" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
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<keyStep id="30DADF906231FF942DEFB0D1FA7B5F87" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
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<paragraph id="8B91C7356231FF942DEFB0D1FA7B5FE5" blockId="119.[151,1438,682,1907]" box="[151,1436,682,704]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
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<keyLead id="30DF64006231FF942DEFB0D1FA7B5FE5" box="[151,1436,682,704]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
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1. Postgenae with a pair of long suborbital setae (12.
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<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66231FF942FB0B0D0FCA35F9A" ID-CoL="4DKQM" baseAuthorityName="Fairmaire" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[712,836,683,704]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stigmatica">
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<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF942FB0B0D0FCA35F9A" box="[712,836,683,704]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. stigmatica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group)........................................... 2
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B91C7356231FF942DEFB0B3FA7B5F87" blockId="119.[151,1438,682,1907]" box="[151,1436,712,734]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
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<keyLead id="30DF64006231FF942DEFB0B3FA7B5F87" box="[151,1436,712,734]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">- Postgenae without suborbital setae........................................................................ 4</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30DADF906231FF942DEFB09EFA7B5E35" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
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<paragraph id="8B91C7356231FF942DEFB09EFA7B5E6C" blockId="119.[151,1438,682,1907]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
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<keyLead id="30DF64006231FF942DEFB09EFA7B5E6C" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
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2. Dorsum dark brown; antennae reddish brown, apical antennomeres of similar color to basal ones; elytra with deep and wide depressions on anterior third of intervals 3–6, another small depression present on the base of interval 6;
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<collectingCountry id="F33987A56231FF9429A8B179FAA35E42" box="[1232,1348,770,792]" name="Madagascar" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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...................................................................................
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<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF942906B164FB415E6E" bold="true" box="[1150,1190,799,820]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">[37]</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66231FF9429D4B15BFA7B5E6C" ID-CoL="4DKQM" authority="(Fairmaire)" baseAuthorityName="Fairmaire" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[1196,1436,799,822]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stigmatica">
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<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF9429D4B15BFACE5E6E" bold="true" box="[1196,1321,799,821]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. stigmatica</emphasis>
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(Fairmaire)
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B91C7356231FF942DEFB146FA7B5E35" blockId="119.[151,1438,682,1907]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
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<keyLead id="30DF64006231FF942DEFB146FA7B5E35" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">- Dorsum yellowish brown; basal three or four antennomeres yellow, remaining antennomeres much darker; elytra without or with very shallow depressions on anterior third of intervals 3–6; African mainland.................................. 3</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30DADF906231FF942DEFB103FA7B5945" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
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<paragraph id="8B91C7356231FF942DEFB103FA7A5E92" blockId="119.[151,1438,682,1907]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
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<keyLead id="30DF64006231FF942DEFB103FA7A5E92" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
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3. Antennomere 4 entirely yellow; lateral margins of pronotum strongly sinuate before posterior angles; elytra disc slightly darker than lateral areas; elytral striae clearly incised, finely punctate inside; interval with dense fine punctures;
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<collectingCountry id="F33987A56231FF9429A9B1EEFAFF5EF1" box="[1233,1304,917,939]" name="Angola" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Angola</collectingCountry>
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.........................................................................................
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<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF9429DBB1C9FB2B5E9D" bold="true" box="[1187,1228,946,967]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">[38]</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66231FF9429A9B1C8FA7A5E92" authority="Basilewsky" authorityName="Basilewsky" authorityYear="1955" box="[1233,1437,946,968]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="doriae">
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<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF9429A9B1C8FACF5E92" bold="true" box="[1233,1320,946,968]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. doriae</emphasis>
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Basilewsky
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B91C7356231FF942DEFB1ABFA7B5945" blockId="119.[151,1438,682,1907]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
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<keyLead id="30DF64006231FF942DEFB1ABFA7B5945" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
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- Antennomere 4 with yellow basal half and dark apical half; lateral margins of pronotum almost straight before posterior angles; elytra evenly yellowish brown; elytral striae faintly incised, formed by rows of punctures; interval with very sparse fine punctures;
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<collectingCountry id="F33987A56231FF942C65B671FE91597A" box="[285,374,1034,1056]" name="Tanzania" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F33987A56231FF942C07B671FE01597A" box="[383,486,1034,1056]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
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................................................................
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<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF942990B671FA7B5945" bold="true" box="[1256,1436,1034,1056]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
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[39]
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<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66231FF94286EB670FA86597A" authority="Shi & Liang, 2023" authorityName="Shi & Liang" authorityYear="2023" box="[1302,1377,1034,1056]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulva" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF94286EB670FA86597A" bold="true" box="[1302,1377,1034,1056]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. fulva</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269A65C6231FF94281EB671FA7B5945" box="[1382,1436,1034,1055]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30DADF906231FF942DEFB653FA7B59B7" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
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<paragraph id="8B91C7356231FF942DEFB653FA7B59CF" blockId="119.[151,1438,682,1907]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
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<keyLead id="30DF64006231FF942DEFB653FA7B59CF" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
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4. Elytral apices truncate, apical margin nearly straight, sutural angles more or less pointed, forming short spines or denticles, although very faint in some species (
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<figureCitation id="1315DBB06231FF942F3EB63EFD0F5901" box="[582,744,1093,1115]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1858,1882]" captionTargetBox="[185,1402,181,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-28@12.[185,1402,181,1834]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Elytral apex (left) of Parena spp. A P. (Parena) africana (Alluaud), Cameroon. B P. (Parena) ruficornis sp. n., Central Africa, paratype. C P. (Parena) valeriae Facchini, holotype. D P. (Parena) madagascariensis (Alluaud), Madagascar. E P. (Bothynoptera) tesari (Jedlička), Taiwan. F P. (Bothynoptera) heteronycha sp. n., Laos, paratype. G P. (Bothynoptera) kurosai Habu, Japan. H P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Yunnan. I P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Beijing. J P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Japan. Scale bars = 0.5mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958947/files/figure.png" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Figs 5B, 5C, 5D</figureCitation>
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); elytra without microsculpture (except in
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<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66231FF9429FDB63DFAAC5900" ID-CoL="4DKPR" baseAuthorityName="Alluaud" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[1157,1355,1093,1115]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
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<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF9429FDB63DFAAC5900" box="[1157,1355,1093,1115]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. madagascariensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); antennomere 1 with the ventroapical seta much more than half length of the dorsal-apical one (
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<figureCitation id="1315DBB06231FF942944B619FB6F592D" box="[1084,1160,1122,1144]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,250,797,821]" captionTargetBox="[185,1401,180,767]" captionTargetId="figure-28@8.[179,1407,179,771]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. Antennae and mouthparts of Parena spp. A–D Line drawings of basal three antennomeres, view of lateral surface: A P. (Crossoglossa) cavipennis (Bates). B P. (Bothynoptera) malaisei (Andrewes). C P. (Parena) africana (Alluaud). D P. (Parena) ruficornis sp. n. E Antennomeres 7–11 of P. (Parena) nigrolineata (Chaudoir), showing the sensory pits on dorsal surface. F–G Labrum of P. (Crossoglossa) cavipennis (Bates), Beijing: F dorsal surface. G ventral surface. H Maxilla of P. (Crossoglossa) cavipennis (Bates), Beijing. Scale bars = 0.2mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958939/files/figure.png" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
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); LL greater than LW (13.
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<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66231FF9428F3B618FEC059CF" ID-CoL="ZMF2" baseAuthorityName="Alluaud" baseAuthorityYear="1917" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutata">
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<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF9428F3B618FEC059CF" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. scutata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group)........................................................................................ 5
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B91C7356231FF942DEFB6E6FA7B59B7" blockId="119.[151,1438,682,1907]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
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<keyLead id="30DF64006231FF942DEFB6E6FA7B59B7" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
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- Elytral apices subtruncate, apical margin evenly curved, sutural angles not pointed (
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<figureCitation id="1315DBB06231FF942970B6E6FBB259E9" box="[1032,1109,1181,1203]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1858,1882]" captionTargetBox="[185,1402,181,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-28@12.[185,1402,181,1834]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Elytral apex (left) of Parena spp. A P. (Parena) africana (Alluaud), Cameroon. B P. (Parena) ruficornis sp. n., Central Africa, paratype. C P. (Parena) valeriae Facchini, holotype. D P. (Parena) madagascariensis (Alluaud), Madagascar. E P. (Bothynoptera) tesari (Jedlička), Taiwan. F P. (Bothynoptera) heteronycha sp. n., Laos, paratype. G P. (Bothynoptera) kurosai Habu, Japan. H P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Yunnan. I P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Beijing. J P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Japan. Scale bars = 0.5mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958947/files/figure.png" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
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); elytra with shallow isodiametric microsculpture; antennomere 1 with the ventroapical seta less than half length of the dorsal-apical one (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06231FF9429B0B6C1FAF55995" box="[1224,1298,1210,1232]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,250,797,821]" captionTargetBox="[185,1401,180,767]" captionTargetId="figure-28@8.[179,1407,179,771]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. Antennae and mouthparts of Parena spp. A–D Line drawings of basal three antennomeres, view of lateral surface: A P. (Crossoglossa) cavipennis (Bates). B P. (Bothynoptera) malaisei (Andrewes). C P. (Parena) africana (Alluaud). D P. (Parena) ruficornis sp. n. E Antennomeres 7–11 of P. (Parena) nigrolineata (Chaudoir), showing the sensory pits on dorsal surface. F–G Labrum of P. (Crossoglossa) cavipennis (Bates), Beijing: F dorsal surface. G ventral surface. H Maxilla of P. (Crossoglossa) cavipennis (Bates), Beijing. Scale bars = 0.2mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958939/files/figure.png" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
|
||
); LL less than LW (14.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66231FF942C4FB6A3FE7859B7" ID-CoL="4DKQ9" baseAuthorityName="Macleay" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[311,415,1240,1261]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plagiata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF942C4FB6A3FE7859B7" box="[311,415,1240,1261]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. plagiata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group).............................................................................. 8
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30DADF906231FF942DEFB68EFA7B5872" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91C7356231FF942DEFB68EFA7B5851" blockId="119.[151,1438,682,1907]" box="[151,1436,1269,1291]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DF64006231FF942DEFB68EFA7B5851" box="[151,1436,1269,1291]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">5. Elytra brown, or brown with very narrow black lateral stripes.................................................. 6</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91C7356231FF942DEFB768FA7B5872" blockId="119.[151,1438,682,1907]" box="[151,1436,1298,1320]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DF64006231FF942DEFB768FA7B5872" box="[151,1436,1298,1320]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">- Elytra largely black, reddish brown near apices.............................................................. 7</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30DADF906231FF942DEFB74BFA7A58C4" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91C7356231FF942DEFB74BFA7A5839" blockId="119.[151,1438,682,1907]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DF64006231FF942DEFB74BFA7A5839" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
6. Elytra reddish brown; elytral apices very strongly truncate, outer apical angles prominent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06231FF94293FB74BFB73581F" box="[1095,1172,1327,1350]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1858,1882]" captionTargetBox="[185,1402,181,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-28@12.[185,1402,181,1834]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Elytral apex (left) of Parena spp. A P. (Parena) africana (Alluaud), Cameroon. B P. (Parena) ruficornis sp. n., Central Africa, paratype. C P. (Parena) valeriae Facchini, holotype. D P. (Parena) madagascariensis (Alluaud), Madagascar. E P. (Bothynoptera) tesari (Jedlička), Taiwan. F P. (Bothynoptera) heteronycha sp. n., Laos, paratype. G P. (Bothynoptera) kurosai Habu, Japan. H P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Yunnan. I P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Beijing. J P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Japan. Scale bars = 0.5mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958947/files/figure.png" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56231FF9429DEB74BFAFD581C" box="[1190,1306,1328,1350]" name="Madagascar" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
.................................................................................
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF94293BB736FB8B5838" bold="true" box="[1091,1132,1357,1378]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">[40]</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66231FF942909B736FA7A5839" ID-CoL="4DKPR" authority="(Alluaud)" baseAuthorityName="Alluaud" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[1137,1437,1356,1379]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF942909B736FADE5838" bold="true" box="[1137,1337,1356,1378]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. madagascariensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Alluaud)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91C7356231FF942DEFB710FA7A58C4" blockId="119.[151,1438,682,1907]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DF64006231FF942DEFB710FA7A58C4" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
- Elytra with black lateral stripes from humeri to middle; elytral apices moderately truncate, outer apical angles rounded (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1315DBB06231FF94280DB711FEE758C7" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1858,1882]" captionTargetBox="[185,1402,181,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-28@12.[185,1402,181,1834]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Elytral apex (left) of Parena spp. A P. (Parena) africana (Alluaud), Cameroon. B P. (Parena) ruficornis sp. n., Central Africa, paratype. C P. (Parena) valeriae Facchini, holotype. D P. (Parena) madagascariensis (Alluaud), Madagascar. E P. (Bothynoptera) tesari (Jedlička), Taiwan. F P. (Bothynoptera) heteronycha sp. n., Laos, paratype. G P. (Bothynoptera) kurosai Habu, Japan. H P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Yunnan. I P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Beijing. J P. (Bothynoptera) dorsigera (Schaum), Japan. Scale bars = 0.5mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7958947" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7958947/files/figure.png" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56231FF942C6BB7F3FEBB58C4" box="[275,348,1416,1438]" name="Zambia" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Zambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
......................................................................
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF9429D7B7FCFB3F58C6" bold="true" box="[1199,1240,1415,1436]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">[41]</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66231FF9429A5B7F3FA7A58C4" ID-CoL="75RGX" authority="Facchini" authorityName="Facchini. E" authorityYear="2011" box="[1245,1437,1415,1438]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="valeriae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF9429A5B7F3FAA358C7" bold="true" box="[1245,1348,1415,1437]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. valeriae</emphasis>
|
||
Facchini
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30DADF906231FF942DEFB7DEFA7B5B48" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91C7356231FF942DEFB7DEFA7A5882" blockId="119.[151,1438,682,1907]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DF64006231FF942DEFB7DEFA7A5882" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
7. Elytral disc with well-defined reddish brown patch inside black area, extended over medial four or five intervals at middle; antennomeres 5–11 black, distinctly darker than basal antennomeres..........................
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF9429D5B7B9FB32588D" bold="true" box="[1197,1237,1474,1495]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">[42]</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66231FF9429A3B7B8FA7A5882" ID-CoL="ZMF2" authority="(Alluaud)" baseAuthorityName="Alluaud" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[1243,1437,1474,1496]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF9429A3B7B8FADE5882" bold="true" box="[1243,1337,1475,1496]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. scutata</emphasis>
|
||
(Alluaud)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91C7356231FF942DEFB79BFA7B5B48" blockId="119.[151,1438,682,1907]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DF64006231FF942DEFB79BFA7B5B48" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
- Elytra disc black except for paler apices, without a central paler patch; antennae uniformly reddish brown.................................................................................................
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF9429C0B786FA7B5B48" bold="true" box="[1208,1436,1533,1555]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
[43]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66231FF94299EB786FA875B49" authority="Shi & Liang, 2023" authorityName="Shi & Liang" authorityYear="2023" box="[1254,1376,1533,1555]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficornis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF94299EB786FA875B49" bold="true" box="[1254,1376,1533,1555]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. ruficornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269A65C6231FF94281EB786FA7B5B48" box="[1382,1436,1533,1554]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30DADF906231FF942DEFB461FA7B5B17" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91C7356231FF942DEFB461FA7B5B75" blockId="119.[151,1438,682,1907]" box="[151,1436,1562,1584]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DF64006231FF942DEFB461FA7B5B75" box="[151,1436,1562,1584]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">8. Elytra entirely brown.................................................................................. 9</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91C7356231FF942DEFB443FA7B5B17" blockId="119.[151,1438,682,1907]" box="[151,1436,1592,1614]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DF64006231FF942DEFB443FA7B5B17" box="[151,1436,1592,1614]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">- Elytra largely black, reddish brown near apices............................................................. 10</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30DADF906231FF942DEFB42EFA7B5B99" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91C7356231FF942DEFB42EFA7B5BD2" blockId="119.[151,1438,682,1907]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DF64006231FF942DEFB42EFA7B5BD2" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
9. Elytra striae very shallow, completely smooth on posterior half; lateral margins of pronotum slightly sinuate before posterior angles; tarsi dark brown, much darker than tibiae.....................................
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF942906B409FB415BDD" bold="true" box="[1150,1190,1650,1671]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">[44]</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66231FF9429D4B408FA7B5BD2" ID-CoL="4DKPC" authority="(Chaudoir)" baseAuthorityName="Chaudoir" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[1196,1436,1650,1672]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferruginea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF9429D4B408FACA5BD2" bold="true" box="[1196,1325,1650,1672]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. ferruginea</emphasis>
|
||
(Chaudoir)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91C7356231FF942DEFB4EBFA7B5B99" blockId="119.[151,1438,682,1907]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DF64006231FF942DEFB4EBFA7B5B99" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
- Elytra striae slightly deeper, shallowly incised even on posterior half; lateral margins of pronotum strongly sinuate before posterior angles; tarsi yellow, same color as tibiae................................
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF942955B4D6FBB25B98" bold="true" box="[1069,1109,1709,1730]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">[46]</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66231FF942923B4D6FACD5B99" ID-CoL="4DKNY" authority="(Alluaud)" baseAuthorityName="Alluaud" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[1115,1322,1709,1731]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF942923B4D6FB215B99" bold="true" box="[1115,1222,1709,1731]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. africana</emphasis>
|
||
(Alluaud)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(pale form)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30DADF906231FF942DEFB4B1FA7B5A29" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91C7356231FF942DEFB4B1FA7B5A41" blockId="119.[151,1438,682,1907]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DF64006231FF942DEFB4B1FA7B5A41" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
10. Apical red band of elytra very narrow, length less than 1/20 of elytra length; inner intervals slightly reddish, forming vague central patch; elytra discal depressions elongate; lateral margins of pronotum less sinuate before posterior angles; median lobe of aedeagus stouter, AL/AW about 4.0;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33987A56231FF942F25B57EFD305A41" box="[605,727,1797,1819]" name="South Africa" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
....................................
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF9429FDB57EFB4A5A40" bold="true" box="[1157,1197,1797,1818]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">[45]</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66231FF9429CBB57EFA7B5A41" ID-CoL="4DKQ9" authority="Motschulsky" authorityName="Motschulsky" box="[1203,1436,1796,1819]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plagiata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF9429CBB57EFAFD5A40" bold="true" box="[1203,1306,1796,1818]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. plagiata</emphasis>
|
||
Motschulsky
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91C7356231FF942DEFB558FA7B5A29" blockId="119.[151,1438,682,1907]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DF64006231FF942DEFB558FA7B5A29" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
|
||
- Apical red band of elytra wider, length about 1/10 of elytra length; inner intervals black, without central patch; elytral discal depressions sub-triangular; lateral margins of pronotum strongly sinuate before posterior angles; median lobe of aedeagus slenderer, AL/AW more than 4.5..............................................
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF942952B526FBB55A28" bold="true" box="[1066,1106,1885,1906]" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">[46]</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EBCB66231FF942920B526FAC05A29" ID-CoL="4DKNY" authority="(Alluaud)" baseAuthorityName="Alluaud" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[1112,1319,1885,1907]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A1B276231FF942920B526FB235A29" bold="true" box="[1112,1220,1885,1907]" italics="true" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">P. africana</emphasis>
|
||
(Alluaud)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(dark form)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |