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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.48312" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7de3ea60-ba35-4831-ae1d-048dc362f8b0" ID-GBIF-Taxon="161939040" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-0743-1-25" ID-Pensoft-UUID="4EDA9B5B777551B7BBB0152DD188E5EF" ID-ZooBank="F2C8585A1268443693348B64AE20F6EE" ModsDocID="1860-0743-1-25" checkinTime="1580744411276" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Sands, Arthur F, Gloeer, Peter, Guerlek, Mustafa E, Albrecht, Christian &amp; Neubauer, Thomas A" docDate="2020" docId="F1893B31F4125F84A45984E956D005F6" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoosystEvol 96(1): 25-66" docOrigin="Zoosystematics and Evolution 96 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.48312" docTitle="Theodoxus fluviatilis" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="4EDA9B5B777551B7BBB0152DD188E5EF" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="4EDA9B5B777551B7BBB0152DD188E5EF" masterDocTitle="A revision of the extant species of Theodoxus (Gastropoda, Neritidae) in Asia, with the description of three new species" masterLastPageNumber="66" masterPageNumber="25" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1635972787372" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>A revision of the extant species of Theodoxus (Gastropoda, Neritidae) in Asia, with the description of three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Sands, Arthur F</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Gloeer, Peter</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Biodiversity Research Laboratory, Hetlingen, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Guerlek, Mustafa E</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Mehmet Akif Ersoy niversity, Burdur, Turkey</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Albrecht, Christian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Neubauer, Thomas A</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany &amp; Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="161939040" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F1893B31F4125F84A45984E956D005F6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F1893B31F4125F84A45984E956D005F6" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName LSID="F1893B31-F412-5F84-A459-84E956D005F6" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus fluviatilis" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">Theodoxus fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758)</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Theodoxus fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758). A - D. Specimen collected close to Oued Laabid, Morocco (UGSB 18106) (Fig. 2); E - H. Specimen from the Danube River, Woerth an der Donau, Germany (UGSB 24173); I - L. Specimen (T. euxinus - morphotype) collected in the Papuc Creek, Kiyikoey, Turkey (UGSB 24172) (Fig. 2); M - P. Specimen (T. euxinus - morphotype) from Ovidiopol, Ukraine (UGSB 18124); Q - S. Specimen (T. heldreichi - morphotype) collected in Lake Egirdir, Turkey (UGSB 20361); T, U. Specimen (T. danasteri - morphotype) collected in Krasna Kosa, Ukraine (UGSB 18417) (Fig. 2); V. Opercula of a T. danasteri - morphotype from Lake Skadar, Montenegro (UGSB 24171). Specimens A-D, I-L and T-U were used in the phylogeny (Fig. 2). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376458" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Figures 9A-S</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Theodoxus fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758). A - D. Specimen (conforming to T. sarmaticus) from the Dnieper-Bug estuary, Ukraine (UGSB 18328); E - H. Specimen (T. subthermalis - morphotype) from Novy Afon, Abkhazia, Georgia (UGSB 18402); I - K. Syntype of N. saulcyi from near the Penteli Monastery, Greece (MHNG-MOLL- 111736); L. Specimen (T. saulcyi - morphotype) from Stilos, Crete, Greece (UGSB 20519) incorporated into the phylogeny (Fig. 2). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376459" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">, 10A-L</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Nerita" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nerita fluviatilis" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">Nerita fluviatilis</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Linnaeus, C" journalOrPublisher="Laurentius Salvius, Holmiae" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886" refId="B93" refString="Linnaeus, C, 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentius Salvius, Holmiae, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886" title="Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886" year="1758">Linnaeus 1758</bibRefCitation>
: 777.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Montfort" authorityYear="1810" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus lutetianus" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lutetianus">Theodoxus lutetianus</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Montfort, PDd" journalOrPublisher="Schoell, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11065017" refId="B107" refString="Montfort, PDd, 1810. Conchyliologie systematique et classification methodique de coquilles; offrant leurs figures, leur arrangement generique, leurs descriptions caracteristiques, leurs noms; ainsi que leur synonymie en plusieurs langues. Ouvrage destine a faciliter l'etude des coquilles, ainsi que leur disposition dans les cabinets d'histoire naturelle. Coquilles univalves, non cloisonnees. Tome second. Schoell, Paris, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11065017" title="Conchyliologie systematique et classification methodique de coquilles; offrant leurs figures, leur arrangement generique, leurs descriptions caracteristiques, leurs noms; ainsi que leur synonymie en plusieurs langues. Ouvrage destine a faciliter l'etude des coquilles, ainsi que leur disposition dans les cabinets d'histoire naturelle. Coquilles univalves, non cloisonnees. Tome second." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11065017" year="1810">Montfort 1810</bibRefCitation>
: 351-352.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Neritina</taxonomicName>
Saulcyi
<bibRefCitation author="Bourguignat, JR" journalOrPublisher="Bailliere, Lutetia" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k99037b.image" refId="B30" refString="Bourguignat, JR, 1852. Testacea novissima quae Cl. de Saulcy in itinere per Orientem annis 1850 et 1851, collegit. J.-B. Bailliere, Lutetia, https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k99037b.image" title="Testacea novissima quae Cl. de Saulcy in itinere per Orientem annis 1850 et 1851, collegit. J. - B." url="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k99037b.image" year="1852">Bourguignat 1852</bibRefCitation>
: 25-26.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Issel" authorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus fluviatilis var. subthermalis" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="fluviatilis" variety="subthermalis">Theodoxus fluviatilis var. subthermalis</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Issel, A" journalOrPublisher="Stamperia Reale, Torino" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="http://magteca-fi-ese.inera.it/unifi/opac/unifi/scheda.jsp?pid=mag:13023" refId="B72" refString="Issel, A, 1865. Catalogo dei molluschi raccolti dalla missione italiana in Persia aggiuntavi la descrizione delle specie nuove o poco note. Stamperia Reale, Torino, http://magteca-fi-ese.inera.it/unifi/opac/unifi/scheda.jsp?pid=mag:13023" title="Catalogo dei molluschi raccolti dalla missione italiana in Persia aggiuntavi la descrizione delle specie nuove o poco note." url="http://magteca-fi-ese.inera.it/unifi/opac/unifi/scheda.jsp?pid=mag:13023" year="1865">Issel 1865</bibRefCitation>
: 22-23;
<bibRefCitation author="Issel, A" journalOrPublisher="serie" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="387 - 439" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31197934" refId="B73" refString="Issel, A, 1866. Catalogo dei molluschi raccolti dalla missione italiana in Persia aggiuntavi la descrizione delle specie nuove o poco note. Memorie della Reale accademia delle scienze di Torino, 2. serie 23: 387 - 439, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31197934" title="Catalogo dei molluschi raccolti dalla missione italiana in Persia aggiuntavi la descrizione delle specie nuove o poco note. Memorie della Reale accademia delle scienze di Torino, 2." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31197934" volume="23" year="1866">Issel 1866</bibRefCitation>
: 406-407.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina fluviatilis" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">Neritina fluviatilis</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Martens, Ev" journalOrPublisher="Bauer &amp; Raspe, Nuernberg" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" refId="B99" refString="Martens, Ev, 1879. Die Gattung Neritina. - Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz 2 (10). Bauer &amp; Raspe, Nuernberg, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" title="Die Gattung Neritina. - Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz 2 (10)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" year="1879">Martens 1879</bibRefCitation>
: 204-221, pl. 21, figs 1-6;
<bibRefCitation author="Kobelt, W" journalOrPublisher="Aquila" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16299729" refId="B83" refString="Kobelt, W, 1899. Iconographie der Land- &amp; Suesswasser-Mollusken mit vorzueglicher Beruecksichtigung der europaeischen noch nicht abgebildeten Arten von E. A. Rossmaessler. VIII. Band. C. W. Kreidel, Wiesbaden, 1-11. [pls 211-240] https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16299729" title="Iconographie der Land- &amp; Suesswasser-Mollusken mit vorzueglicher Beruecksichtigung der europaeischen noch nicht abgebildeten Arten von E. A. Rossmaessler. VIII. Band. C. W. Kreidel, Wiesbaden, 1 - 11. [pls 211 - 240]" url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16299729" year="1899">Kobelt 1899</bibRefCitation>
: 16-18, pl. 215, figs 1359-1365.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Neritina</taxonomicName>
Heldreichi
<bibRefCitation author="Martens, Ev" journalOrPublisher="Bauer &amp; Raspe, Nuernberg" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" refId="B99" refString="Martens, Ev, 1879. Die Gattung Neritina. - Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz 2 (10). Bauer &amp; Raspe, Nuernberg, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" title="Die Gattung Neritina. - Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz 2 (10)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" year="1879">Martens 1879</bibRefCitation>
: 225, pl. 22, figs 9, 10;
<bibRefCitation author="Kobelt, W" journalOrPublisher="Aquila" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16299729" refId="B83" refString="Kobelt, W, 1899. Iconographie der Land- &amp; Suesswasser-Mollusken mit vorzueglicher Beruecksichtigung der europaeischen noch nicht abgebildeten Arten von E. A. Rossmaessler. VIII. Band. C. W. Kreidel, Wiesbaden, 1-11. [pls 211-240] https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16299729" title="Iconographie der Land- &amp; Suesswasser-Mollusken mit vorzueglicher Beruecksichtigung der europaeischen noch nicht abgebildeten Arten von E. A. Rossmaessler. VIII. Band. C. W. Kreidel, Wiesbaden, 1 - 11. [pls 211 - 240]" url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16299729" year="1899">Kobelt 1899</bibRefCitation>
: 9, pl. 213, fig. 1337.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Clessin" authorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina euxina" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="euxina">Neritina euxina</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Clessin, S" journalOrPublisher="Malakozoologische Blaetter (Neue Folge)" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="49 - 56" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35594868" refId="B36" refString="Clessin, S, 1886. Binnenmollusken aus Rumaenien. Malakozoologische Blaetter (Neue Folge) 8: 49 - 56, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35594868" title="Binnenmollusken aus Rumaenien." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35594868" volume="8" year="1886">Clessin 1886</bibRefCitation>
: 55.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina heldreichi var. graeca" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="heldreichi" variety="graeca">Neritina (Theodoxus) heldreichi var. graeca</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Westerlund, CA" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10887359" refId="B160" refString="Westerlund, CA, 1886. Fauna der in der palaearctischen Region (Europa, Kaukasien, Sibirien, Turan, Persien, Kurdistan, Armenien, Mesopotamien, Kleinasien, Syrien, Arabien, Egypten, Tripolis, Tunesien, Algerien und Marocco) lebenden Binnenconchylien. VI. Fam. Ampullariidae, Paludinidae, Hydrobiidae, Melaniidae, Valvatidae &amp; Neritidae. Hakan Ohlsson, Lund, 156 + 13 pp. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10887359" title="Fauna der in der palaearctischen Region (Europa, Kaukasien, Sibirien, Turan, Persien, Kurdistan, Armenien, Mesopotamien, Kleinasien, Syrien, Arabien, Egypten, Tripolis, Tunesien, Algerien und Marocco) lebenden Binnenconchylien. VI. Fam. Ampullariidae, Paludinidae, Hydrobiidae, Melaniidae, Valvatidae &amp; Neritidae. Hakan Ohlsson, Lund, 156 + 13 pp." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10887359" year="1886">Westerlund 1886</bibRefCitation>
: 152.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina brauneri" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="brauneri">Neritina brauneri</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Lindholm, WA" journalOrPublisher="Zapiski Novorossijskago Obshchestva Estestvoispytatelej" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="199 - 232" refId="B91" refString="Lindholm, WA, 1908. Materialien zur Molluskenfauena [sic] von Suedwestrussland, Polen und der Krim. Zapiski Novorossijskago Obshchestva Estestvoispytatelej 31: 199 - 232" title="Materialien zur Molluskenfauena [sic] von Suedwestrussland, Polen und der Krim." volume="31" year="1908">Lindholm 1908</bibRefCitation>
: 217.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1828" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina danubialis" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="danubialis">Neritina danubialis</taxonomicName>
var.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lindholm" authorityYear="1908" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="var. Danasteri" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="danubialis" variety="Danasteri">Danasteri</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Lindholm, WA" journalOrPublisher="Zapiski Novorossijskago Obshchestva Estestvoispytatelej" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="199 - 232" refId="B91" refString="Lindholm, WA, 1908. Materialien zur Molluskenfauena [sic] von Suedwestrussland, Polen und der Krim. Zapiski Novorossijskago Obshchestva Estestvoispytatelej 31: 199 - 232" title="Materialien zur Molluskenfauena [sic] von Suedwestrussland, Polen und der Krim." volume="31" year="1908">Lindholm 1908</bibRefCitation>
: 215-217.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina fluviatilis var. abrauensis" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="fluviatilis" variety="abrauensis">Neritina fluviatilis var. abrauensis</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Milaschewitsch, KO" journalOrPublisher="Ezhegodnik Zoologicheskogo Muzeya Imperatorskoi Akademii Nauk" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="420 - 430" refId="B103" refString="Milaschewitsch, KO, 1914. Liste des mollusques, collectionnes par Mr. S.A. Zernov pres des cotes du Caucase en mai 1910. Ezhegodnik Zoologicheskogo Muzeya Imperatorskoi Akademii Nauk 18: 420 - 430" title="Liste des mollusques, collectionnes par Mr. S. A. Zernov pres des cotes du Caucase en mai 1910." volume="18" year="1914">Milaschewitsch 1914</bibRefCitation>
: 429-430.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName authority="Bourguignat, 1877" authorityName="Bourguignat" authorityYear="1877" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Theodoxia</taxonomicName>
Ghigii
<bibRefCitation author="Gambetta, L" journalOrPublisher="Archivio zoologico italiano" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="45 - 117" refId="B56" refString="Gambetta, L, 1929. Molluschi. Archivio zoologico italiano 13: 45 - 117" title="Molluschi." volume="13" year="1929">Gambetta 1929</bibRefCitation>
: 107, fig. 23.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Put'" authorityYear="1972" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus dniestroviensis" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dniestroviensis">Theodoxus dniestroviensis</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Put', AL" journalOrPublisher="Dopovidi Akademii Nauk Ukrainskoi RSR, Seriya B, Geologiya, Khimiya, Biologiya" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="78 - 83" refId="B125" refString="Put', AL, 1972. Do vyvchennya lunkovykh (Neritidae) Ukrayini. Dopovidi Akademii Nauk Ukrainskoi RSR, Seriya B, Geologiya, Khimiya, Biologiya 1: 78 - 83" title="Do vyvchennya lunkovykh (Neritidae) Ukrayini." volume="1" year="1972">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Put">Put'</normalizedToken>
1972
</bibRefCitation>
: 80-82, text fig. 5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName authority="fluvicola" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus heldreichi" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="heldreichi">Theodoxus (Theodoxus) heldreichi fluvicola</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1992.10637614" author="Schuett, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoology in the Middle East" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="63 - 68" refId="B146" refString="Schuett, H, Sesen, R, 1992. The genus Theodoxus in South-western Anatolia, Turkey (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia, Neritidae). Zoology in the Middle East 6 (1): 63 - 68, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1992.10637614" title="The genus Theodoxus in South-western Anatolia, Turkey (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia, Neritidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1992.10637614" volume="6" year="1992">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Schütt">Schuett</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Şeşen">Sesen</normalizedToken>
1992
</bibRefCitation>
: 64-66.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName authority="euxinus" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus fluviatilis" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">Theodoxus fluviatilis euxinus</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Yildirim, MZ" journalOrPublisher="Turkish Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="877 - 900" refId="B161" refString="Yildirim, MZ, 1999. Tuerkiye Prosobranchia (Gastropoda: Mollusca) tuerleri ve zoocografik yayilislari. 1. Tatli ve aci sular. Turkish Journal of Zoology 23 (3): 877 - 900" title="Tuerkiye Prosobranchia (Gastropoda: Mollusca) tuerleri ve zoocografik yayilislari. 1. Tatli ve aci sular." volume="23" year="1999">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yıldırım">Yildirim</normalizedToken>
1999
</bibRefCitation>
: 885.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName authority="fluviatilis" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus fluviatilis" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">Theodoxus fluviatilis fluviatilis</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Yildirim, MZ" journalOrPublisher="Turkish Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="877 - 900" refId="B161" refString="Yildirim, MZ, 1999. Tuerkiye Prosobranchia (Gastropoda: Mollusca) tuerleri ve zoocografik yayilislari. 1. Tatli ve aci sular. Turkish Journal of Zoology 23 (3): 877 - 900" title="Tuerkiye Prosobranchia (Gastropoda: Mollusca) tuerleri ve zoocografik yayilislari. 1. Tatli ve aci sular." volume="23" year="1999">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yıldırım">Yildirim</normalizedToken>
1999
</bibRefCitation>
: 884.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName authority="fluvicola" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus heldreichi" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="heldreichi">Theodoxus heldreichi fluvicola</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Yildirim, MZ" journalOrPublisher="Turkish Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="877 - 900" refId="B161" refString="Yildirim, MZ, 1999. Tuerkiye Prosobranchia (Gastropoda: Mollusca) tuerleri ve zoocografik yayilislari. 1. Tatli ve aci sular. Turkish Journal of Zoology 23 (3): 877 - 900" title="Tuerkiye Prosobranchia (Gastropoda: Mollusca) tuerleri ve zoocografik yayilislari. 1. Tatli ve aci sular." volume="23" year="1999">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yıldırım">Yildirim</normalizedToken>
1999
</bibRefCitation>
: 885 (as &quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">fluviocola</emphasis>
&quot;);
<bibRefCitation author="Kebapci, Ue" journalOrPublisher="Oltenia Journal for Studies in Natural Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="75 - 83" refId="B80" refString="Kebapci, Ue, Yildirim, MZ, 2010. Freshwater snails of the Lakes Region (Goeller Boelgesi), Turkey. Oltenia Journal for Studies in Natural Sciences 26 (2): 75 - 83" title="Freshwater snails of the Lakes Region (Goeller Boelgesi), Turkey." volume="26" year="2010">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kebapçı">Kebapci</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yıldırım">Yildirim</normalizedToken>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
: 77;
<bibRefCitation author="Guerlek, ME" journalOrPublisher="Fresenius Enviromental Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="2992 - 3013" refId="B69" refString="Guerlek, ME, Sahin, SK, Doekuemcue, N, Yildirim, MZ, 2019. Checklist of the freshwater mollusca of Turkey (Mollusca: Gastropoda, Bivalvia). Fresenius Enviromental Bulletin 28 (4): 2992 - 3013" title="Checklist of the freshwater mollusca of Turkey (Mollusca: Gastropoda, Bivalvia)." volume="28" year="2019">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gürlek">Guerlek</normalizedToken>
et al. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
: 2993.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus heldreichi" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="heldreichi">Theodoxus (Theodoxus) heldreichi</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Yildirim, MZ" journalOrPublisher="Turkish Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="877 - 900" refId="B161" refString="Yildirim, MZ, 1999. Tuerkiye Prosobranchia (Gastropoda: Mollusca) tuerleri ve zoocografik yayilislari. 1. Tatli ve aci sular. Turkish Journal of Zoology 23 (3): 877 - 900" title="Tuerkiye Prosobranchia (Gastropoda: Mollusca) tuerleri ve zoocografik yayilislari. 1. Tatli ve aci sular." volume="23" year="1999">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yıldırım">Yildirim</normalizedToken>
1999
</bibRefCitation>
: 885.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bourguignat in Issel" authorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus subthermalis" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="subthermalis">Theodoxus subthermalis</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Yildirim, MZ" journalOrPublisher="Turkish Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="877 - 900" refId="B161" refString="Yildirim, MZ, 1999. Tuerkiye Prosobranchia (Gastropoda: Mollusca) tuerleri ve zoocografik yayilislari. 1. Tatli ve aci sular. Turkish Journal of Zoology 23 (3): 877 - 900" title="Tuerkiye Prosobranchia (Gastropoda: Mollusca) tuerleri ve zoocografik yayilislari. 1. Tatli ve aci sular." volume="23" year="1999">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yıldırım">Yildirim</normalizedToken>
1999
</bibRefCitation>
: 885-886;
<bibRefCitation author="Sitnikova, TYa" journalOrPublisher="Zoology in the Middle East" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" refId="B147" refString="Sitnikova, TYa, Kijashko, PV, Sysoev, AV, 2012. Species names of J.-R. Bourguignat and their application in current taxonomy of fresh-water gastropods of the Russian fauna. The Bulletin of the Russian Far East Malacological Society 15/16: 87-116." title="Species names of J. - R. Bourguignat and their application in current taxonomy of fresh-water gastropods of the Russian fauna. The Bulletin of the Russian Far East Malacological Society 15 / 16: 87 - 116." year="2012">Sitnikova et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
: 88-89, fig. 1A-F.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName authority="heldreichi" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus heldreichi" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="heldreichi">Theodoxus (Theodoxus) heldreichi heldreichi</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Yildirim, MZ" journalOrPublisher="Turkish Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="97 - 102" refId="B162" refString="Yildirim, MZ, 2004. The Gastropods of Lake Egirdir. Turkish Journal of Zoology 28 (1): 97 - 102" title="The Gastropods of Lake Egirdir." volume="28" year="2004">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yıldırım">Yildirim</normalizedToken>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
: 99, pl. 1, fig. 1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus fluviatilis" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">Theodoxus fluviatilis</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Anistratenko, VV" journalOrPublisher="Vestnik Zoologii" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="3 - 10" refId="B15" refString="Anistratenko, VV, 2005. Lectotypes for Tricolia pullus, Gibbula divaricata and Theodoxus fluviatilis revisited. Vestnik Zoologii 39 (6): 3 - 10" title="Lectotypes for Tricolia pullus, Gibbula divaricata and Theodoxus fluviatilis revisited." volume="39" year="2005">Anistratenko 2005</bibRefCitation>
: 7-8, figs 3, 4;
<bibRefCitation author="Guerlek, ME" journalOrPublisher="Fresenius Enviromental Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="2992 - 3013" refId="B69" refString="Guerlek, ME, Sahin, SK, Doekuemcue, N, Yildirim, MZ, 2019. Checklist of the freshwater mollusca of Turkey (Mollusca: Gastropoda, Bivalvia). Fresenius Enviromental Bulletin 28 (4): 2992 - 3013" title="Checklist of the freshwater mollusca of Turkey (Mollusca: Gastropoda, Bivalvia)." volume="28" year="2019">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gürlek">Guerlek</normalizedToken>
et al. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
: 2993;
<bibRefCitation author="Gloeer, P" journalOrPublisher="Peter Gloeer, Hetlingen, Germany" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" refId="B62" refString="Gloeer, P, 2019. The freshwater gastropods of the West-Palaearctis. Vol. 1. Fresh- and brackish waters except spring and subterranean snails. Peter Gloeer, Hetlingen, Germany" title="The freshwater gastropods of the West-Palaearctis. Vol. 1. Fresh- and brackish waters except spring and subterranean snails." year="2019">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Glöer">Gloeer</normalizedToken>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
: 41-43, figs 26, 27.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName authority="heldreichi" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus heldreichi" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="heldreichi">Theodoxus heldreichi heldreichi</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Kebapci, Ue" journalOrPublisher="Oltenia Journal for Studies in Natural Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="75 - 83" refId="B80" refString="Kebapci, Ue, Yildirim, MZ, 2010. Freshwater snails of the Lakes Region (Goeller Boelgesi), Turkey. Oltenia Journal for Studies in Natural Sciences 26 (2): 75 - 83" title="Freshwater snails of the Lakes Region (Goeller Boelgesi), Turkey." volume="26" year="2010">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kebapçı">Kebapci</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yıldırım">Yildirim</normalizedToken>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
: 77;
<bibRefCitation author="Guerlek, ME" journalOrPublisher="Fresenius Enviromental Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="2992 - 3013" refId="B69" refString="Guerlek, ME, Sahin, SK, Doekuemcue, N, Yildirim, MZ, 2019. Checklist of the freshwater mollusca of Turkey (Mollusca: Gastropoda, Bivalvia). Fresenius Enviromental Bulletin 28 (4): 2992 - 3013" title="Checklist of the freshwater mollusca of Turkey (Mollusca: Gastropoda, Bivalvia)." volume="28" year="2019">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gürlek">Guerlek</normalizedToken>
et al. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
: 2993.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lindholm" authorityYear="1908" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus brauneri" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="brauneri">Theodoxus brauneri</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Welter-Schultes, FW" journalOrPublisher="Planet Poster Editions, Goettingen" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" refId="B158" refString="Welter-Schultes, FW, 2012. European non-marine molluscs, a guide for species identification. Planet Poster Editions, Goettingen" title="European non-marine molluscs, a guide for species identification." year="2012">Welter-Schultes 2012</bibRefCitation>
: 27.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Clessin" baseAuthorityYear="1886" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus euxinus" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="euxinus">Theodoxus euxinus</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Welter-Schultes, FW" journalOrPublisher="Planet Poster Editions, Goettingen" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" refId="B158" refString="Welter-Schultes, FW, 2012. European non-marine molluscs, a guide for species identification. Planet Poster Editions, Goettingen" title="European non-marine molluscs, a guide for species identification." year="2012">Welter-Schultes 2012</bibRefCitation>
: 27, unnumbered text figures.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus heldreichi" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="heldreichi">Theodoxus heldreichi</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Welter-Schultes, FW" journalOrPublisher="Planet Poster Editions, Goettingen" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" refId="B158" refString="Welter-Schultes, FW, 2012. European non-marine molluscs, a guide for species identification. Planet Poster Editions, Goettingen" title="European non-marine molluscs, a guide for species identification." year="2012">Welter-Schultes 2012</bibRefCitation>
: 28, unnumbered text figures.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bourguignat" baseAuthorityYear="1852" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus saulcyi" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="saulcyi">Theodoxus saulcyi</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Welter-Schultes, FW" journalOrPublisher="Planet Poster Editions, Goettingen" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" refId="B158" refString="Welter-Schultes, FW, 2012. European non-marine molluscs, a guide for species identification. Planet Poster Editions, Goettingen" title="European non-marine molluscs, a guide for species identification." year="2012">Welter-Schultes 2012</bibRefCitation>
: 29, unnumbered text figures.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Clessin" baseAuthorityYear="1886" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus euxinus" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="euxinus">Theodoxus (Theodoxus) euxinus</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Vinarski, MV" journalOrPublisher="Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of RAS, Moscow" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" refId="B157" refString="Vinarski, MV, Kantor, YI, 2016. Analytical catalogue of fresh and brackish water molluscs of Russia and adjacent countries. A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of RAS, Moscow" title="Analytical catalogue of fresh and brackish water molluscs of Russia and adjacent countries. A. N." year="2016">Vinarski and Kantor 2016</bibRefCitation>
: 155.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus fluviatilis" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">Theodoxus (Theodoxus) fluviatilis</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Vinarski, MV" journalOrPublisher="Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of RAS, Moscow" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" refId="B157" refString="Vinarski, MV, Kantor, YI, 2016. Analytical catalogue of fresh and brackish water molluscs of Russia and adjacent countries. A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of RAS, Moscow" title="Analytical catalogue of fresh and brackish water molluscs of Russia and adjacent countries. A. N." year="2016">Vinarski and Kantor 2016</bibRefCitation>
: 154-155.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bourguignat in Issel" authorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus subthermalis" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="subthermalis">Theodoxus (Theodoxus) subthermalis</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Vinarski, MV" journalOrPublisher="Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of RAS, Moscow" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" refId="B157" refString="Vinarski, MV, Kantor, YI, 2016. Analytical catalogue of fresh and brackish water molluscs of Russia and adjacent countries. A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of RAS, Moscow" title="Analytical catalogue of fresh and brackish water molluscs of Russia and adjacent countries. A. N." year="2016">Vinarski and Kantor 2016</bibRefCitation>
: 157-158;
<bibRefCitation author="Guerlek, ME" journalOrPublisher="Fresenius Enviromental Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="2992 - 3013" refId="B69" refString="Guerlek, ME, Sahin, SK, Doekuemcue, N, Yildirim, MZ, 2019. Checklist of the freshwater mollusca of Turkey (Mollusca: Gastropoda, Bivalvia). Fresenius Enviromental Bulletin 28 (4): 2992 - 3013" title="Checklist of the freshwater mollusca of Turkey (Mollusca: Gastropoda, Bivalvia)." volume="28" year="2019">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gürlek">Guerlek</normalizedToken>
et al. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
: 2993.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Near Uppsala, Sweden.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
material.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<materialsCitation collectionCode="LSL" country="Turkey" typeStatus="Lectotype">
<typeStatus>Lectotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. fluviatilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are stored in
<collectionCode collectionName="LSL">LSL</collectionCode>
(coll. no.
<collectionCode collectionName="LSL">LSL</collectionCode>
.566;
<typeStatus>lectotype</typeStatus>
designated by
<bibRefCitation author="Anistratenko, OY" journalOrPublisher="Vestnik Zoologii" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="11 - 19" refId="B14" refString="Anistratenko, OY, Starobogatov, YI, Anistratenko, VV, 1999. Mollyuski roda Theodoxus (Gastropoda, Pectinibranchia, Neritidae) Azovo-Chernomorskogo basseyna. Vestnik Zoologii 33 (3): 11 - 19" title="Mollyuski roda Theodoxus (Gastropoda, Pectinibranchia, Neritidae) Azovo-Chernomorskogo basseyna." volume="33" year="1999">Anistratenko et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
; also see
<bibRefCitation author="Anistratenko, VV" journalOrPublisher="Vestnik Zoologii" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="3 - 10" refId="B15" refString="Anistratenko, VV, 2005. Lectotypes for Tricolia pullus, Gibbula divaricata and Theodoxus fluviatilis revisited. Vestnik Zoologii 39 (6): 3 - 10" title="Lectotypes for Tricolia pullus, Gibbula divaricata and Theodoxus fluviatilis revisited." volume="39" year="2005">Anistratenko 2005</bibRefCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectionCode="MHNG" country="Turkey" typeStatus="Syntypes">
<typeStatus>Syntypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName genus="N." lsidName="N. saulcyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="saulcyi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. saulcyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are stored in
<collectionCode collectionName="Switzerland, Geneva, Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" type="Museum">MHNG</collectionCode>
(coll. no. MHNG-MOLL-111736)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectionCode="MHNG" country="Turkey" typeStatus="syntypes">
Seven
<typeStatus>syntypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. fluviatilis var. subthermalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="variety" species="fluviatilis" variety="subthermalis">T. fluviatilis var. subthermalis</taxonomicName>
are stored in
<collectionCode collectionName="Switzerland, Geneva, Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" type="Museum">MHNG</collectionCode>
(coll. no. MHNG-MOLL-11737)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectionCode="NSMF" country="Turkey" typeStatus="type">
The
<typeStatus>type</typeStatus>
material of
<taxonomicName authority="fluvicola" genus="T." lsidName="T. heldreichi" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="heldreichi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. heldreichi fluvicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is stored in
<collectionCode collectionName="NSMF">NSMF</collectionCode>
(coll. no. 309.439 and 309.440)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectionCode="ZIN" country="Turkey" typeStatus="syntypes">
Most taxa described by Lindholm are deposited in
<collectionCode collectionName="Russia, St. Petersburg, Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
, including five
<typeStatus>syntypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName genus="N." lsidName="N. fluviatilis var. cereoflava" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="variety" species="fluviatilis" variety="cereoflava">N. fluviatilis var. cereoflava</taxonomicName>
(coll. no. 6055/1)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation country="Turkey" typeStatus="syntypes">
three
<typeStatus>syntypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName genus="N." lsidName="N. brauneri" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="brauneri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. brauneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(coll. no. 6046/1)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation country="Turkey" typeStatus="syntype">
one
<typeStatus>syntype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName form="alboguttata" genus="N." lsidName="N. brauneri" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="form" species="brauneri">N. brauneri f. alboguttata</taxonomicName>
(coll. no. 6051/1)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation country="Turkey" typeStatus="syntypes">
two
<typeStatus>syntypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName form="lacrymans" genus="N." lsidName="N. brauneri" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="form" species="brauneri">N. brauneri f. lacrymans</taxonomicName>
(coll. no. 6052/1)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation country="Turkey" typeStatus="syntypes">
one
<typeStatus>syntypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName form="pulcherrima" genus="N." lsidName="N. brauneri" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="form" species="brauneri">N. brauneri f. pulcherrima</taxonomicName>
(coll. no. 6053/1)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation country="Turkey" typeStatus="syntypes">
and three
<typeStatus>syntypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName genus="N." lsidName="N. danubialis var. danasteri" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="variety" species="danubialis" variety="danasteri">N. danubialis var. danasteri</taxonomicName>
(coll. no. 5910/3)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus fluviatilis" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Theodoxus fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
exhibits considerable variation in periostracum colouration (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00408578" author="Neumann, D" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift fuer Morphologie und Oekologie der Tiere" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="349 - 411" refId="B114" refString="Neumann, D, 1959. Morphologische und experimentelle Untersuchungen ueber die Variabilitaet der Farbmuster auf der Schale von Theodoxus fluviatilis L. Zeitschrift fuer Morphologie und Oekologie der Tiere 48 (4): 349 - 411, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00408578" title="Morphologische und experimentelle Untersuchungen ueber die Variabilitaet der Farbmuster auf der Schale von Theodoxus fluviatilis L." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00408578" volume="48" year="1959">Neumann 1959</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Gloeer, P" journalOrPublisher="Ecologica Montenegrina" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="88 - 92" refId="B64" refString="Gloeer, P, Pesic, V, 2015. The morphological plasticity of Theodoxus fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Neritidae). Ecologica Montenegrina 2 (2): 88 - 92" title="The morphological plasticity of Theodoxus fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Neritidae)." volume="2" year="2015">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Glöer">Gloeer</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pešić">Pesic</normalizedToken>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
). It is not surprising that molecular studies already support the synonymy of a number taxa such as
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. euxinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="euxinus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. euxinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Clessin, 1886),
<taxonomicName authority="abrauensis" genus="T." lsidName="T. fluviatilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. fluviatilis abrauensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Milaschewitsch, 1914)
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. danasteri" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="danasteri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. danasteri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Lindholm, 1908), and
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. subthermalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="subthermalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. subthermalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Issel, 1865, and further suggest the inclusion of
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. saulcyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="saulcyi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. saulcyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Bourguignat, 1852) (including
<taxonomicName genus="N." lsidName="N. graeca" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="graeca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. graeca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Westerlund, 1886,
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. ghigii" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="ghigii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. ghigii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Gambetta, 1929; both listed as synonyms of
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. saulcyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="saulcyi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. saulcyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation author="Bank, RA" journalOrPublisher="Heldia" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="51 - 86" refId="B21" refString="Bank, RA, 2006. Towards a catalogue and bibliography of the freshwater Mollusca of Greece. Heldia 6 (1): 51 - 86" title="Towards a catalogue and bibliography of the freshwater Mollusca of Greece." volume="6" year="2006">Bank (2006)</bibRefCitation>
) and
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. heldreichi" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="heldreichi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. heldreichi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Martens, 1879) (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2006.06.026" author="Bunje, PME" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="373 - 387" refId="B35" refString="Bunje, PME, Lindberg, DR, 2007. Lineage divergence of a freshwater snail clade associated with post-Tethys marine basin development. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 42 (2): 373 - 387, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2006.06.026" title="Lineage divergence of a freshwater snail clade associated with post-Tethys marine basin development." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2006.06.026" volume="42" year="2007">Bunje and Lindberg 2007</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" author="Sands, AF" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Biogeography" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="1274 - 1286" refId="B138" refString="Sands, AF, Sereda, SV, Stelbrink, B, Neubauer, TA, Lazarev, S, Wilke, T, Albrecht, C, 2019a. Contributions of biogeographical functions to species accumulation may change over time in refugial regions. Journal of Biogeography 46 (6): 1274 - 1286, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" title="Contributions of biogeographical functions to species accumulation may change over time in refugial regions." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" volume="46" year="2019 a">Sands et al. 2019a</bibRefCitation>
). The above species share near identical operculum structures, with a strong rib-shield, rib-pouch and the absence of a pseudo-apophysis (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Theodoxus fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758). A - D. Specimen collected close to Oued Laabid, Morocco (UGSB 18106) (Fig. 2); E - H. Specimen from the Danube River, Woerth an der Donau, Germany (UGSB 24173); I - L. Specimen (T. euxinus - morphotype) collected in the Papuc Creek, Kiyikoey, Turkey (UGSB 24172) (Fig. 2); M - P. Specimen (T. euxinus - morphotype) from Ovidiopol, Ukraine (UGSB 18124); Q - S. Specimen (T. heldreichi - morphotype) collected in Lake Egirdir, Turkey (UGSB 20361); T, U. Specimen (T. danasteri - morphotype) collected in Krasna Kosa, Ukraine (UGSB 18417) (Fig. 2); V. Opercula of a T. danasteri - morphotype from Lake Skadar, Montenegro (UGSB 24171). Specimens A-D, I-L and T-U were used in the phylogeny (Fig. 2). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376458" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">9</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Theodoxus fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758). A - D. Specimen (conforming to T. sarmaticus) from the Dnieper-Bug estuary, Ukraine (UGSB 18328); E - H. Specimen (T. subthermalis - morphotype) from Novy Afon, Abkhazia, Georgia (UGSB 18402); I - K. Syntype of N. saulcyi from near the Penteli Monastery, Greece (MHNG-MOLL- 111736); L. Specimen (T. saulcyi - morphotype) from Stilos, Crete, Greece (UGSB 20519) incorporated into the phylogeny (Fig. 2). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376459" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">10</figureCitation>
), which were often disregarded in early
<taxonomicName authorityName="Montfort" authorityYear="1810" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Theodoxus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species descriptions. Moreover, a number of taxa including
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. brauneri" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="brauneri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. brauneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Lindholm, 1908) (along with subspecies
<taxonomicName authority="alboguttatus" genus="T." lsidName="T. b." pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="b.">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. b. alboguttatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Lindholm, 1908),
<taxonomicName authority="lacrymans" genus="T." lsidName="T. b." pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="b.">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. b. lacrymans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Lindholm, 1908) and
<taxonomicName authority="pulcherrimus" genus="T." lsidName="T. b." pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="b.">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. b. pulcherrimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Lindholm</emphasis>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">1908</emphasis>
)),
<taxonomicName authority="cereoflava" genus="T." lsidName="T. fluviatilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. fluviatilis cereoflava</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Lindholm, 1913), and
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. dniestroviensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="dniestroviensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. dniestroviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Put', AL" journalOrPublisher="Dopovidi Akademii Nauk Ukrainskoi RSR, Seriya B, Geologiya, Khimiya, Biologiya" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="78 - 83" refId="B125" refString="Put', AL, 1972. Do vyvchennya lunkovykh (Neritidae) Ukrayini. Dopovidi Akademii Nauk Ukrainskoi RSR, Seriya B, Geologiya, Khimiya, Biologiya 1: 78 - 83" title="Do vyvchennya lunkovykh (Neritidae) Ukrayini." volume="1" year="1972">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Put">Put'</normalizedToken>
, 1972
</bibRefCitation>
are well within the variability of
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. fluviatilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and are considered junior synonyms herein as well.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376458" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Figure 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus fluviatilis" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Theodoxus fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Linnaeus, 1758).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">A</emphasis>
-
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">D</emphasis>
. Specimen collected close to Oued Laabid, Morocco (
<collectionCode collectionName="UGSB">UGSB</collectionCode>
18106) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Dated phylogeny of the genus Theodoxus constructed with BEAST, based on existing GenBank and newly incorporated data for COI, 16 S and ATPα (Suppl. material 1: Table S 1). Morphospecies where associations are queried are highlighted by a question mark after the species name (see the &quot; Systematic checklist &quot; for more information). Small green (PP ≥ 0.95) and red (PP &lt;0.95) dots on nodes indicate the relative posterior probability support of divergence events. Node labels (1 - 32) correspond to divergence dates and HPD intervals in millions of years ago (Mya) for selected nodes (see Suppl. material 1: Table S 3). Dashed dark blue and light blue lines represent the minimum interspecific and maximum intraspecific variation determined by Sands et al. (2019 a) to aid Theodoxus spp. delimitation (see see Methods, Phylogenetics and species delimitation and that study for more information on the delimitation methods)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376451" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">2</figureCitation>
);
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">E</emphasis>
-
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">H</emphasis>
. Specimen from the Danube River,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Wörth">Woerth</normalizedToken>
an der Donau, Germany (
<collectionCode collectionName="UGSB">UGSB</collectionCode>
24173);
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">I</emphasis>
-
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">L</emphasis>
. Specimen (
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. euxinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="euxinus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. euxinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-morphotype) collected in the
<normalizedToken originalValue="Papuç">Papuc</normalizedToken>
Creek,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kıyıköy">Kiyikoey</normalizedToken>
, Turkey (
<collectionCode collectionName="UGSB">UGSB</collectionCode>
24172) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Dated phylogeny of the genus Theodoxus constructed with BEAST, based on existing GenBank and newly incorporated data for COI, 16 S and ATPα (Suppl. material 1: Table S 1). Morphospecies where associations are queried are highlighted by a question mark after the species name (see the &quot; Systematic checklist &quot; for more information). Small green (PP ≥ 0.95) and red (PP &lt;0.95) dots on nodes indicate the relative posterior probability support of divergence events. Node labels (1 - 32) correspond to divergence dates and HPD intervals in millions of years ago (Mya) for selected nodes (see Suppl. material 1: Table S 3). Dashed dark blue and light blue lines represent the minimum interspecific and maximum intraspecific variation determined by Sands et al. (2019 a) to aid Theodoxus spp. delimitation (see see Methods, Phylogenetics and species delimitation and that study for more information on the delimitation methods)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376451" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">2</figureCitation>
);
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">M</emphasis>
-
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">P</emphasis>
. Specimen (
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. euxinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="euxinus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. euxinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-morphotype) from Ovidiopol, Ukraine (
<collectionCode collectionName="UGSB">UGSB</collectionCode>
18124);
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Q</emphasis>
-
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">S</emphasis>
. Specimen (
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. heldreichi" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="heldreichi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. heldreichi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-morphotype) collected in Lake
<normalizedToken originalValue="Eğirdir">Egirdir</normalizedToken>
, Turkey (
<collectionCode collectionName="UGSB">UGSB</collectionCode>
20361);
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T</emphasis>
,
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">U</emphasis>
. Specimen (
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. danasteri" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="danasteri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. danasteri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-morphotype) collected in Krasna Kosa, Ukraine (
<collectionCode collectionName="UGSB">UGSB</collectionCode>
18417) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Dated phylogeny of the genus Theodoxus constructed with BEAST, based on existing GenBank and newly incorporated data for COI, 16 S and ATPα (Suppl. material 1: Table S 1). Morphospecies where associations are queried are highlighted by a question mark after the species name (see the &quot; Systematic checklist &quot; for more information). Small green (PP ≥ 0.95) and red (PP &lt;0.95) dots on nodes indicate the relative posterior probability support of divergence events. Node labels (1 - 32) correspond to divergence dates and HPD intervals in millions of years ago (Mya) for selected nodes (see Suppl. material 1: Table S 3). Dashed dark blue and light blue lines represent the minimum interspecific and maximum intraspecific variation determined by Sands et al. (2019 a) to aid Theodoxus spp. delimitation (see see Methods, Phylogenetics and species delimitation and that study for more information on the delimitation methods)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376451" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">2</figureCitation>
);
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">V</emphasis>
. Opercula of a
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. danasteri" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="danasteri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. danasteri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-morphotype from Lake Skadar, Montenegro (
<collectionCode collectionName="UGSB">UGSB</collectionCode>
24171). Specimens A-D, I-L and T-U were used in the phylogeny (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Dated phylogeny of the genus Theodoxus constructed with BEAST, based on existing GenBank and newly incorporated data for COI, 16 S and ATPα (Suppl. material 1: Table S 1). Morphospecies where associations are queried are highlighted by a question mark after the species name (see the &quot; Systematic checklist &quot; for more information). Small green (PP ≥ 0.95) and red (PP &lt;0.95) dots on nodes indicate the relative posterior probability support of divergence events. Node labels (1 - 32) correspond to divergence dates and HPD intervals in millions of years ago (Mya) for selected nodes (see Suppl. material 1: Table S 3). Dashed dark blue and light blue lines represent the minimum interspecific and maximum intraspecific variation determined by Sands et al. (2019 a) to aid Theodoxus spp. delimitation (see see Methods, Phylogenetics and species delimitation and that study for more information on the delimitation methods)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376451" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">2</figureCitation>
). Scale bars:
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376459" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Figure 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus fluviatilis" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Theodoxus fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Linnaeus, 1758).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">A</emphasis>
-
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">D</emphasis>
. Specimen (conforming to
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. sarmaticus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="sarmaticus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. sarmaticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) from the Dnieper-Bug estuary, Ukraine (
<collectionCode collectionName="UGSB">UGSB</collectionCode>
18328);
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">E</emphasis>
-
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">H</emphasis>
. Specimen (
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. subthermalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="subthermalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. subthermalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-morphotype) from Novy Afon, Abkhazia, Georgia (
<collectionCode collectionName="UGSB">UGSB</collectionCode>
18402);
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">I</emphasis>
-
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">K</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus>Syntype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName genus="N." lsidName="N. saulcyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="saulcyi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. saulcyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from near the Penteli Monastery, Greece (MHNG-MOLL-111736);
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">L</emphasis>
. Specimen (
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. saulcyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="saulcyi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. saulcyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-morphotype) from Stilos, Crete, Greece (
<collectionCode collectionName="UGSB">UGSB</collectionCode>
20519) incorporated into the phylogeny (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Dated phylogeny of the genus Theodoxus constructed with BEAST, based on existing GenBank and newly incorporated data for COI, 16 S and ATPα (Suppl. material 1: Table S 1). Morphospecies where associations are queried are highlighted by a question mark after the species name (see the &quot; Systematic checklist &quot; for more information). Small green (PP ≥ 0.95) and red (PP &lt;0.95) dots on nodes indicate the relative posterior probability support of divergence events. Node labels (1 - 32) correspond to divergence dates and HPD intervals in millions of years ago (Mya) for selected nodes (see Suppl. material 1: Table S 3). Dashed dark blue and light blue lines represent the minimum interspecific and maximum intraspecific variation determined by Sands et al. (2019 a) to aid Theodoxus spp. delimitation (see see Methods, Phylogenetics and species delimitation and that study for more information on the delimitation methods)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376451" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">2</figureCitation>
). Scale bars:
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2006.06.026" author="Bunje, PME" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="373 - 387" refId="B35" refString="Bunje, PME, Lindberg, DR, 2007. Lineage divergence of a freshwater snail clade associated with post-Tethys marine basin development. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 42 (2): 373 - 387, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2006.06.026" title="Lineage divergence of a freshwater snail clade associated with post-Tethys marine basin development." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2006.06.026" volume="42" year="2007">Bunje and Lindberg (2007)</bibRefCitation>
also suggested
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. velox" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="velox">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. velox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
V. Anistratenko in O. Anistratenko et al., 1999 as conspecific with
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. fluviatilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However,
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" author="Sands, AF" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Biogeography" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="1274 - 1286" refId="B138" refString="Sands, AF, Sereda, SV, Stelbrink, B, Neubauer, TA, Lazarev, S, Wilke, T, Albrecht, C, 2019a. Contributions of biogeographical functions to species accumulation may change over time in refugial regions. Journal of Biogeography 46 (6): 1274 - 1286, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" title="Contributions of biogeographical functions to species accumulation may change over time in refugial regions." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" volume="46" year="2019 a">Sands et al. (2019a)</bibRefCitation>
found substantial differentiation on the molecular level, indicating a sister relation between
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. fluviatilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. velox" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="velox">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. velox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(also see Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Dated phylogeny of the genus Theodoxus constructed with BEAST, based on existing GenBank and newly incorporated data for COI, 16 S and ATPα (Suppl. material 1: Table S 1). Morphospecies where associations are queried are highlighted by a question mark after the species name (see the &quot; Systematic checklist &quot; for more information). Small green (PP ≥ 0.95) and red (PP &lt;0.95) dots on nodes indicate the relative posterior probability support of divergence events. Node labels (1 - 32) correspond to divergence dates and HPD intervals in millions of years ago (Mya) for selected nodes (see Suppl. material 1: Table S 3). Dashed dark blue and light blue lines represent the minimum interspecific and maximum intraspecific variation determined by Sands et al. (2019 a) to aid Theodoxus spp. delimitation (see see Methods, Phylogenetics and species delimitation and that study for more information on the delimitation methods)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376451" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">2</figureCitation>
). Although it may be challenging to differentiate these species morphologically in some instances, there appears to be a stronger callus on the operculum in
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. fluviatilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and greater phenotypic plasticity in shell shape and periostracum colouration as compared to
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T. velox" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="velox">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. velox</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Theodoxus fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758). A - D. Specimen collected close to Oued Laabid, Morocco (UGSB 18106) (Fig. 2); E - H. Specimen from the Danube River, Woerth an der Donau, Germany (UGSB 24173); I - L. Specimen (T. euxinus - morphotype) collected in the Papuc Creek, Kiyikoey, Turkey (UGSB 24172) (Fig. 2); M - P. Specimen (T. euxinus - morphotype) from Ovidiopol, Ukraine (UGSB 18124); Q - S. Specimen (T. heldreichi - morphotype) collected in Lake Egirdir, Turkey (UGSB 20361); T, U. Specimen (T. danasteri - morphotype) collected in Krasna Kosa, Ukraine (UGSB 18417) (Fig. 2); V. Opercula of a T. danasteri - morphotype from Lake Skadar, Montenegro (UGSB 24171). Specimens A-D, I-L and T-U were used in the phylogeny (Fig. 2). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376458" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">9</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Theodoxus fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758). A - D. Specimen (conforming to T. sarmaticus) from the Dnieper-Bug estuary, Ukraine (UGSB 18328); E - H. Specimen (T. subthermalis - morphotype) from Novy Afon, Abkhazia, Georgia (UGSB 18402); I - K. Syntype of N. saulcyi from near the Penteli Monastery, Greece (MHNG-MOLL- 111736); L. Specimen (T. saulcyi - morphotype) from Stilos, Crete, Greece (UGSB 20519) incorporated into the phylogeny (Fig. 2). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376459" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">10</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Theodoxus velox V. Anistratenko in O. Anistratenko et al., 1999. A - D. Specimen from the Dnieper River, Kiev, Ukraine (UGSB 24186); E - H. Specimen collected in the Danube delta, Vylkove, Ukraine (UGSB 24184) used in the phylogeny (Fig. 2); I, J. Holotype from Dnieper Delta, Zbur'ivka Liman, Ukraine (IZAN); K - M. Specimen from Lake Sapanca, Yeni Esme, Turkey (UGSB 20691). Theodoxus sarmaticus (Lindholm, 1901). N - P; Q - S; T - U. Three syntypes from the Oskol River, near Golubino, Russia stored in ZIN (coll. no. 6099 / 24). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376471" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">22</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus fluviatilis" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Theodoxus fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is widely distributed across Europe, northern Africa, and western Asia. Records of this species and its synonyms are noted as far as Ireland to the West (
<bibRefCitation author="Anderson, R" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Conchology" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="607 - 638" refId="B12" refString="Anderson, R, 2005. An annotated list of the non-marine molluscs of Britain and Ireland. Journal of Conchology 38 (6): 607 - 638" title="An annotated list of the non-marine molluscs of Britain and Ireland." volume="38" year="2005">Anderson 2005</bibRefCitation>
), Morocco in the South (
<bibRefCitation author="Taybi, AF" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Materials and Enviromental Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="1401 - 1416" publicationUrl="https://www.jmaterenvironsci.com/Document/vol8/vol8_N4/149-JMES-2926-Taybi.pdf" refId="B153" refString="Taybi, AF, Mabrouki, Y, Ghamizi, M, Berrahou, A, 2017. The freshwater malacological composition of Moulouya's watershed and Oriental Morocco. Journal of Materials and Enviromental Sciences 8 (4): 1401 - 1416, https://www.jmaterenvironsci.com/Document/vol8/vol8_N4/149-JMES-2926-Taybi.pdf" title="The freshwater malacological composition of Moulouya's watershed and Oriental Morocco." url="https://www.jmaterenvironsci.com/Document/vol8/vol8_N4/149-JMES-2926-Taybi.pdf" volume="8" year="2017">Taybi et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
), Sweden and Finland in the North (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/0302-3524(78)90131-7" author="Kangas, P" journalOrPublisher="Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="409 - 416" refId="B77" refString="Kangas, P, Skoog, G, 1978. Salinity tolerance of Theodoxus fluviatilis (Mollusca, Gastropoda) from freshwater and from different salinity regimes in the Baltic Sea. Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science 6 (4): 409 - 416, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0302-3524(78)90131-7" title="Salinity tolerance of Theodoxus fluviatilis (Mollusca, Gastropoda) from freshwater and from different salinity regimes in the Baltic Sea." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/0302-3524(78)90131-7" volume="6" year="1978">Kangas and Skoog 1978</bibRefCitation>
), and European Russia in the East (
<bibRefCitation author="Vinarski, MV" journalOrPublisher="Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of RAS, Moscow" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" refId="B157" refString="Vinarski, MV, Kantor, YI, 2016. Analytical catalogue of fresh and brackish water molluscs of Russia and adjacent countries. A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of RAS, Moscow" title="Analytical catalogue of fresh and brackish water molluscs of Russia and adjacent countries. A. N." year="2016">Vinarski and Kantor 2016</bibRefCitation>
). In addition, there are numerous records from across Anatolia (
<bibRefCitation author="Schuett, H" journalOrPublisher="Basteria" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="39 - 46" refId="B145" refString="Schuett, H, Sesen, R, 1989b. Theodoxus in South-eastern Anatolia, Turkey (Gastropoda Prosobranchia, Neritidae). Basteria 53 (1-3): 39 - 46" title="Theodoxus in South-eastern Anatolia, Turkey (Gastropoda Prosobranchia, Neritidae)." volume="53" year="1989 b">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Schütt">Schuett</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Şeşen">Sesen</normalizedToken>
1989b
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1992.10637614" author="Schuett, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoology in the Middle East" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="63 - 68" refId="B146" refString="Schuett, H, Sesen, R, 1992. The genus Theodoxus in South-western Anatolia, Turkey (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia, Neritidae). Zoology in the Middle East 6 (1): 63 - 68, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1992.10637614" title="The genus Theodoxus in South-western Anatolia, Turkey (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia, Neritidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1992.10637614" volume="6" year="1992">1992</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Yildirim, MZ" journalOrPublisher="Turkish Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="197 - 204" refId="B164" refString="Yildirim, MZ, Koca, SB, Kebapci, Ue, 2006. Supplement to the Prosobranchia (Mollusca: Gastropoda) Fauna of Fresh and Brackish Waters of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology 30: 197 - 204" title="Supplement to the Prosobranchia (Mollusca: Gastropoda) Fauna of Fresh and Brackish Waters of Turkey." volume="30" year="2006">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yıldırım">Yildirim</normalizedToken>
et al. 2006
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Guerlek, ME" journalOrPublisher="Fresenius Enviromental Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="2992 - 3013" refId="B69" refString="Guerlek, ME, Sahin, SK, Doekuemcue, N, Yildirim, MZ, 2019. Checklist of the freshwater mollusca of Turkey (Mollusca: Gastropoda, Bivalvia). Fresenius Enviromental Bulletin 28 (4): 2992 - 3013" title="Checklist of the freshwater mollusca of Turkey (Mollusca: Gastropoda, Bivalvia)." volume="28" year="2019">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gürlek">Guerlek</normalizedToken>
et al. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
) and Georgia (
<bibRefCitation author="Vinarski, MV" journalOrPublisher="Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of RAS, Moscow" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" refId="B157" refString="Vinarski, MV, Kantor, YI, 2016. Analytical catalogue of fresh and brackish water molluscs of Russia and adjacent countries. A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of RAS, Moscow" title="Analytical catalogue of fresh and brackish water molluscs of Russia and adjacent countries. A. N." year="2016">Vinarski and Kantor 2016</bibRefCitation>
) within the study region. The wide distribution range has been substantiated through molecular studies (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02703.x" author="Bunje, PME" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Ecology" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="4323 - 4340" refId="B34" refString="Bunje, PME, 2005. Pan-European phylogeography of the aquatic snail Theodoxus fluviatilis (Gastropoda: Neritidae). Molecular Ecology 14 (14): 4323 - 4340, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02703.x" title="Pan-European phylogeography of the aquatic snail Theodoxus fluviatilis (Gastropoda: Neritidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02703.x" volume="14" year="2005">Bunje 2005</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2006.06.026" author="Bunje, PME" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="373 - 387" refId="B35" refString="Bunje, PME, Lindberg, DR, 2007. Lineage divergence of a freshwater snail clade associated with post-Tethys marine basin development. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 42 (2): 373 - 387, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2006.06.026" title="Lineage divergence of a freshwater snail clade associated with post-Tethys marine basin development." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2006.06.026" volume="42" year="2007">Bunje and Lindberg 2007</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" author="Sands, AF" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Biogeography" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="1274 - 1286" refId="B138" refString="Sands, AF, Sereda, SV, Stelbrink, B, Neubauer, TA, Lazarev, S, Wilke, T, Albrecht, C, 2019a. Contributions of biogeographical functions to species accumulation may change over time in refugial regions. Journal of Biogeography 46 (6): 1274 - 1286, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" title="Contributions of biogeographical functions to species accumulation may change over time in refugial regions." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" volume="46" year="2019 a">Sands et al. 2019a</bibRefCitation>
; Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Occurrence map for Theodoxus spp. in Asia. All points conform to specimens used in the phylogenetic analyses (Suppl. material 1: Table S 1), except for T. gloeri for which no molecular data are available and only the type and paratype localities are indicated. Species are partitioned across four identical maps (A - D) to limit overlap of points as far as possible. Barring T. gloeri, closer related species are grouped together (Fig. 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376452" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">3C</figureCitation>
). Some authors suggested that this species also occurs in Iran (
<bibRefCitation author="Roth, G" editor="Krupp, F" journalOrPublisher="Dr. ludwig Reichert Verlag, Wiesbaden, Germany" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="72 - 79" refId="B136" refString="Roth, G, 1987. Data on the distribution and faunal history of the genus Theodoxus in the Middle East (Gastropoda: Neritidae). In: Krupp, F, Schneider, W, Kinzelbach, R, Eds., Proceedings of the Symposium on the Fauna and Zoogeography of the Middle East. Dr. ludwig Reichert Verlag, Wiesbaden, Germany: 72 - 79" title="Data on the distribution and faunal history of the genus Theodoxus in the Middle East (Gastropoda: Neritidae)." volumeTitle="Proceedings of the Symposium on the Fauna and Zoogeography of the Middle East." year="1987">Roth 1987</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406" author="Gloeer, P" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="11 - 61" refId="B63" refString="Gloeer, P, Pesic, V, 2012. The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11 - 61, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406" title="The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406" volume="219" year="2012">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Glöer">Gloeer</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pešić">Pesic</normalizedToken>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
), but molecular analyses of material from these parts do not support this hypothesis (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" author="Sands, AF" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Biogeography" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="1274 - 1286" refId="B138" refString="Sands, AF, Sereda, SV, Stelbrink, B, Neubauer, TA, Lazarev, S, Wilke, T, Albrecht, C, 2019a. Contributions of biogeographical functions to species accumulation may change over time in refugial regions. Journal of Biogeography 46 (6): 1274 - 1286, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" title="Contributions of biogeographical functions to species accumulation may change over time in refugial regions." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" volume="46" year="2019 a">Sands et al. 2019a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.190965" author="Sands, AF" journalOrPublisher="Royal Society Open Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination=": 190965" refId="B139" refString="Sands, AF, Neubauer, TA, Nasibi, S, Fasihi Harandi, M, Anistratenko, VV, Wilke, T, Albrecht, C, 2019b. Old lake vs. young taxa: a comparative phylogeographic perspective on the evolution of Caspian Sea gastropods (Neritidae: Theodoxus). Royal Society Open Science 6 (10): 190965, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.190965" title="Old lake vs. young taxa: a comparative phylogeographic perspective on the evolution of Caspian Sea gastropods (Neritidae: Theodoxus)." url="https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.190965" volume="6" year="2019 b">2019b</bibRefCitation>
; personal observation A.F.S.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>