296 lines
20 KiB
XML
296 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603" ID-GBIF-Dataset="63eec201-8a87-4f98-9758-c7d38b15c7a6" ID-PMC="PMC8342412" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1051-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BE8CC6847F645F61BB2F7A6BCF96FD64" ID-PubMed="34393548" ID-ZooBank="639E252D43924ABB910BCEA5D8AD2487" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1051-1" checkinTime="1627629668818" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lonsdale, Owen" docDate="2021" docId="D099AF1861645BA5476D13C173DA0B9E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1051: 1-481" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1051" docPubDate="2021-07-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603" docTitle="Phytobia betulivora Spencer 1969" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="BE8CC6847F645F61BB2F7A6BCF96FD64" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="BE8CC6847F645F61BB2F7A6BCF96FD64" masterDocTitle="Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states" masterLastPageNumber="481" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668150737868" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lonsdale, Owen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K 1 A 0 C 6, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">neoxabea@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-07-29</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1051</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>481</mods:end>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1051-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">639E252D43924ABB910BCEA5D8AD2487</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">BE8CC6847F645F61BB2F7A6BCF96FD64</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="183833181" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D099AF1861645BA5476D13C173DA0B9E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D099AF1861645BA5476D13C173DA0B9E" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="Spencer" authorityName="Spencer" authorityYear="1969" class="Insecta" family="Phytomyzinae" genus="Phytobia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phytobia betulivora" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="betulivora">Phytobia betulivora Spencer</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 675–678" captionStartId="F117" captionText="Figures 675 - 678. Phytobia amelanchieris (Greene), male genitalia 675 ejaculatory apodeme 676 hypandrium and postgonite, ventral 677 hypandrial complex, left lateral 678 P. betulivora Spencer, male, phallapodeme, epiphallus, phallus and ejaculatory apodeme, right lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603.figures675-678" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572216" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 678</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Spencer" authorityYear="1969" class="Insecta" family="Phytomyzinae" genus="Phytobia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phytobia betulivora" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="betulivora">Phytobia betulivora</taxonomicName>
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Spencer, 1969: 103.
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<bibRefCitation author="Spencer, KA" journalOrPublisher="Agriculture Handbook" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 478" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51258090" refId="B261" refString="Spencer, KA, Steyskal, GC, 1986b. Manual of the Agromyzidae (Diptera) of the United States. U.S.D.A. Agriculture Handbook 638: 1 - 478, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51258090" title="Manual of the Agromyzidae (Diptera) of the United States. U. S. D. A." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51258090" volume="638" year="1986 b">Spencer and Steyskal 1986b</bibRefCitation>
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: 76.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Wing length 2.8-4.2 mm (♂), 3.8-4.5 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.0-1.4. Costa extending to vein M. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.2-3.1. Frons soft. Ocellar triangle indistinct. Parafacial wide, most pronounced dorsally, continuing as cheek on anterior 1/2 of gena. No space between antennal bases. Clypeus narrow, sides of buccal cavity slightly converging anteriorly and epistoma large and triangular (length not exceeding width). Space between cross-veins as long as, or slightly shorter than dm-m. Lunule sometimes sunken and obscured.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chaetotaxy</emphasis>
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: Four or six ori; one ors. Postocellar and ocellar setae as developed as, or longer than fronto-orbitals. Orbital setulae erect to slightly reclinate, mostly in one irregular row but with some also between bases of fronto-orbitals. Vibrissa not much larger than genal setae, which are long and well-developed. Four strong dorsocentrals (one presutural). Small to weak seta medial to presutural supra-alar. One pair of prescutellar acrostichal setae as long as anterior dorsocentral. One or two posteromedial setae on mid tibia.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colouration</emphasis>
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: Body dark brown with grey pruinosity that is especially dark on thorax, except as follows: antenna (sometimes excluding infuscation around base of arista), parafacial (sometimes tinged with brown/grey in part), face (brownish below antennae or only centrally) and gena (lower margin brown) orange to yellow, sometimes tinged with brown/grey; frons bright orange to yellow, at least on anterior 1/3-2/3 of frons including part of fronto-orbital plate, but sometimes orange region more extensive, at most with dark brownish grey region restricted to ocellar tubercle, paler region behind tubercle, and posterolateral corner of frons including base of vertical setae and base of posterior fronto-orbital; palpus orange; frons usually slightly darker around base of fronto-orbitals; scutellum, notopleuron, postpronotum and legs (more so on tarsi) with orange tint; base of tibiae and apices of femora sometimes faintly to more strongly orange; halter yellow; epandrium centrally or more widely reddish. Calypter margin brown to dark brown, sometimes slightly orange, with hairs dark brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Genitalia</emphasis>
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: (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 675–678" captionStartId="F117" captionText="Figures 675 - 678. Phytobia amelanchieris (Greene), male genitalia 675 ejaculatory apodeme 676 hypandrium and postgonite, ventral 677 hypandrial complex, left lateral 678 P. betulivora Spencer, male, phallapodeme, epiphallus, phallus and ejaculatory apodeme, right lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603.figures675-678" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572216" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">678</figureCitation>
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) As described for
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<taxonomicName family="Aquifoliaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. setosa" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="setosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. setosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, except as follows: right distolateral process of basiphallus slightly broader, but more weakly sclerotised along its length; mesophallus slightly stouter (especially apically) and more curved; base of distiphallus more bulbous and projecting ventrally; base of ejaculatory apodeme wider.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="host">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hosts.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName family="Betulaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Betulaceae</taxonomicName>
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-
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Betula nigra" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Betula nigra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Oleaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus" order="Oleales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Alnus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10164fv" author="Spencer, KA" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 311" refId="B246" refString="Spencer, KA, 1969. The Agromyzidae of Canada and Alaska. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 64: 1 - 311, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10164fv" title="The Agromyzidae of Canada and Alaska." url="https://doi.org/10.4039/entm10164fv" volume="64" year="1969">Spencer 1969</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1874-0" author="Spencer, KA" journalOrPublisher="Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B257" refString="Spencer, KA, 1990. Host specialization in the world Agromyzidae (Diptera). Series Entomologica, 45. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1874-0" title="Host specialization in the world Agromyzidae (Diptera). Series Entomologica, 45." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1874-0" year="1990">1990</bibRefCitation>
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). Record of possible oviposition in Fraxinus (
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Oleaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Oleales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Oleaceae</taxonomicName>
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) (see below).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Canada</emphasis>
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: ON, QC*.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">USA</emphasis>
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: DC, IL, KS, MA*, NY, PA*, WA*. Czech Republic, Hungary (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.18655/Agromyzidae.Vol.2" author="Papp, L" journalOrPublisher="Pars Ltd., Hungary. Nagykovacsi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B188" refString="Papp, L, Cerny, M, 2016. Agromyzidae (Diptera) of Hungary (Vol. 2). Phytomyzinae I. Pars Ltd., Hungary. Nagykovacsi, DOI: https://doi.org/10.18655/Agromyzidae.Vol.2" title="Agromyzidae (Diptera) of Hungary (Vol. 2). Phytomyzinae I." url="https://doi.org/10.18655/Agromyzidae.Vol.2" year="2016">
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Papp and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Černý">Cerny</normalizedToken>
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2016
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
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: USA. DC
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</emphasis>
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: Chain Bridge, 15.iv.1913, ex. cambium of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Betula nigra" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Betula nigra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, C.T. Greene (1♂ [with puparium], USNM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratype examined. Canada. ON</emphasis>
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: Wilno, 16.v.1960, J.F. McAlpine, CNC Type No. 10460, CNC391689 (1♂, CNC).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1962-06-12" collectingDateMax="1988-06-20" collectingDateMin="1962-06-12" collectingMethod="Malaise trap" collectorName="A. Stirling, B. E. Cooper, Nr. Picton, J. F. McAlpine, L. K. Smith, Grenadier I. Centre, E. Signer" country="Canada" county="Duncan Lake" location="Mainfleet Bog" municipality="St. Lawrence Is. Nat. Park" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="4">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<collectingCountry name="Canada">Canada</collectingCountry>
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. ON
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</emphasis>
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:
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D099AF1861645BA5476D13C173DA0B9E:295C41CF4A718DF20B764E1F90A55772" country="Canada" county="Duncan Lake" municipality="St. Lawrence Is. Nat. Park" name="Mainfleet Bog">Mainfleet Bog</location>
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,
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<locationDeviation location="Welland">
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
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S Welland
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</locationDeviation>
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,
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<collectingDate value="1988-06-14" valueMax="1988-06-20" valueMin="1988-06-14">14-20.vi.1988</collectingDate>
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, 021, pt. 2 - 1962 zone,
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<collectorName>A. Stirling</collectorName>
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(
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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, DEBU), Metcalfe,
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<collectingDate value="1985-07-04">4.vii.1985</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>B.E. Cooper</collectorName>
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, CNC391695 (
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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, CNC),
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<collectorName>Nr. Picton</collectorName>
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,
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<collectingDate value="1970-07-07">7.vii.1970</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>J.F. McAlpine</collectorName>
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, CNC391692 (
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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, CNC), Ottawa,
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<locationDeviation firstLocation="Carling" secondLocation="Driveway">between Carling and Driveway</locationDeviation>
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,
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<collectingDate value="1962-06-12">12.vi.1962</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>L.K. Smith</collectorName>
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, ovipositing in sucker stem of ash in CNR ditch, CNC391691 (
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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, CNC),
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<collectingMunicipality>St. Lawrence Is. Nat. Park</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectorName>Grenadier I. Centre</collectorName>
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,
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<collectingDate value="1975-06-25">25.vi.1975</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>E. Signer</collectorName>
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,
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<collectingMethod>Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
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, Code - 231
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×-">x-</normalizedToken>
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107, CNC391690 (
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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, CNC),
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">QC</emphasis>
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:
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<collectingCounty>Duncan Lake</collectingCounty>
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, nr. Rupert,
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<collectingDate value="1971-05-21">21.v.1971</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>J.F. McAlpine</collectorName>
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, CNC391696, CNC391693 (
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<specimenCount type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
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, CNC)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1913-04-18" collectingDateMax="1956-04-28" collectingDateMin="1913-04-18" collectorName="Hopk. U. S., C. T. Greene, Salt Fork, J. M, J. G. Chillcott, May, A. L, H. K. Townes, A. L. Melander, Oroville, A. L" country="USA" location="Chain Bridge" municipality="St. Joseph" specimenCount="9" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="6">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<collectingCountry name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
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. DC
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</emphasis>
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:
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D099AF1861645BA5476D13C173DA0B9E:23BB7A281CB6616E9DC4D7E272CA447C" country="USA" municipality="St. Joseph" name="Chain Bridge">Chain Bridge</location>
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, 10719,
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<collectorName>Hopk. U.S.</collectorName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Betula nigra" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Betula nigra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<collectorName>C.T. Greene</collectorName>
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, reared
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<collectingDate value="1913-05-12">12.v.1913</collectingDate>
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(
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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[with puparium], USNM), reared
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<collectingDate value="1913-04-22">22.iv.1913</collectingDate>
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(
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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[with puparium], USNM), reared
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<collectingDate value="1913-04-18">18.iv.1913</collectingDate>
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(
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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[with puparium], USNM),
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">IL</emphasis>
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:
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<collectingMunicipality>St. Joseph</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingDate value="1914-05-03">3.v.1914</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>Salt Fork, J.M</collectorName>
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. Aldrich (
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<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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, USNM),
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">KS</emphasis>
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: Lawrence, Nat. Hist. Res.,
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<collectingDate value="1956-04-28">28.iv.1956</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>J.G. Chillcott</collectorName>
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, CNC391694 (
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<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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, CNC),
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">MA</emphasis>
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: Boston,
|
||
<collectorName>May, A.L</collectorName>
|
||
. Melander (
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, USNM),
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">NY</emphasis>
|
||
: Oneonta,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1935-05-30">30.v.1935</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>H.K. Townes</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, USNM),
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">PA</emphasis>
|
||
: Hawley,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1937-05-30">30.v.1937</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>A.L. Melander</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, USNM),
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">WA</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectorName>Oroville, A.L</collectorName>
|
||
. Melander (
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, USNM)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="comments">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comments.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Some Canadian specimens have the orange colour on the frons highly reduced, thereby resembling
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Phytomyzinae" genus="Phytobia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phytobia amelanchieris" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amelanchieris">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phytobia amelanchieris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but colour of the palpus, gena and parafacial will still differentiate the two.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |