334 lines
42 KiB
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334 lines
42 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="1838862139AE5C1D2B73BE751CB6F5CA">Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="737AA6C098CB3CF175216E94641BCABA">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6E052D3B022D0DF2D3FAC5B473CE8575">Petney, Trevor N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2B135B475397666CE307B33324256D4A">Robbins, Richard G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C4267648568D7D01DF53750A1871229A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="63E242FD4D0FD5B8A826BFFF91215F04">
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<mods:date id="3349E3E6C84CBAF548A4A953DF9E7391">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6DCAE31D965536C991DF9AF7C3AF0940">2020-11-05</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="3802B36FA04FCB280044A96CD61E515E">4871</mods:number>
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<treatment id="C04787D4FFF9FFD3FF07FB0D64EBCA22" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4576098" ID-GBIF-Taxon="179989735" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4576098" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C04787D4FFF9FFD3FF07FB0D64EBCA22" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C04787D4FFF9FFD3FF07FB0D64EBCA22" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FFF9FFD2FF07FB0D677DCF82" box="[151,574,1194,1221]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF9FFD2FF07FB0D677DCF82" blockId="16.[151,1437,1194,2013]" box="[151,574,1194,1221]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FF07FB0D65F9CF83" bold="true" box="[151,186,1194,1220]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">39.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF9FFD2FF57FB0D677ACF82" ID-CoL="3QGB7" authority="Johnston, 1849" authorityName="Johnston" authorityYear="1849" box="[199,569,1194,1221]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canisuga">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FF57FB0D64C0CF82" bold="true" box="[199,387,1194,1221]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes canisuga</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FE1CFB0C677ACF82" author="Johnston, G." box="[396,569,1195,1221]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="362 - 373" refId="ref216457" refString="Johnston, G. (1849) The acarides of Berwickshire specifically described. History of the Berwickshire Naturalists' Club, 2, 362 - 373." type="journal article" year="1849">Johnston, 1849</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FFF9FFD2FDD4FB0C6031CE4A" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF9FFD2FDD4FB0C6031CE4A" blockId="16.[151,1437,1194,2013]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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A Palearctic species, all of whose parasitic stages are usually found on
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF9FFD2FAFBFB0C65A0CFAE" authorityName="Bowdich" authorityYear="1821" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Carnivora</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF9FFD2FF7FFB68640DCFAE" box="[239,334,1231,1257]" class="Mammalia" family="Canidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Canidae</taxonomicName>
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, but also on other
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF9FFD2FDB3FB6867DFCFAE" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[547,668,1231,1257]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">Mammalia</taxonomicName>
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(several orders). Immature stages have occasionally been collected from
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF9FFD2FF45FB546434CE4A" box="[213,375,1267,1293]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Passeriformes</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF9FFD2FE10FB5464BACE4A" box="[384,505,1267,1293]" class="Aves" family="Passeridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Passeridae</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF9FFD2FDA4FB546786CE4A" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1830" box="[564,709,1267,1293]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Strigiformes</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF9FFD2FD5FFB54667BCE4A" box="[719,824,1267,1293]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Strigidae</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF9FFD2FCD2FB5466B4CE4B" authorityName="Johnston" authorityYear="1849" box="[834,1015,1267,1293]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canisuga">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FCD2FB5466B4CE4B" box="[834,1015,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes canisuga</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a very rare parasite of humans.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FFF9FFD3FF07FAB064EBCA22" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF9FFD2FF07FAB06781CE76" blockId="16.[151,1437,1194,2013]" box="[151,706,1303,1329]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FF07FAB065F8CE76" bold="true" box="[151,187,1303,1329]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FF52FAB06752CE76" author="Nuttall, G. H. F. & Warburton, C." box="[194,529,1303,1329]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="133 - 293" refId="ref234795" refString="Nuttall, G. H. F. & Warburton, C. (1911) Ticks. A monograph of the Ixodoidea. Part II. The Ixodidae. Section II. Genus I. Ixodes Latreille 1795. Cambridge University Press, London, pp. 133 - 293. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 24075" type="book chapter" year="1911">Nuttall and Warburton (1911)</bibRefCitation>
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; see note below
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF9FFD2FF07FA9C642DCE12" blockId="16.[151,1437,1194,2013]" box="[151,366,1339,1365]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FF07FA9C65F1CE12" bold="true" box="[151,178,1339,1365]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">F:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FF29FA9C642DCE12" author="Johnston, G." box="[185,366,1339,1365]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="362 - 373" refId="ref216457" refString="Johnston, G. (1849) The acarides of Berwickshire specifically described. History of the Berwickshire Naturalists' Club, 2, 362 - 373." type="journal article" year="1849">Johnston (1849)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF9FFD2FF07FAF867FFCE3E" blockId="16.[151,1437,1194,2013]" box="[151,700,1375,1401]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FF07FAF865F6CE3E" bold="true" box="[151,181,1375,1401]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">N:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FF2CFAF86748CE3E" author="Nuttall, G. H. F. & Warburton, C." box="[188,523,1375,1401]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="133 - 293" refId="ref234795" refString="Nuttall, G. H. F. & Warburton, C. (1911) Ticks. A monograph of the Ixodoidea. Part II. The Ixodidae. Section II. Genus I. Ixodes Latreille 1795. Cambridge University Press, London, pp. 133 - 293. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 24075" type="book chapter" year="1911">Nuttall and Warburton (1911)</bibRefCitation>
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; see note below
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF9FFD2FF07FA2467F9CEDA" blockId="16.[151,1437,1194,2013]" box="[151,698,1411,1437]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FF07FA2465F0CEDA" bold="true" box="[151,179,1411,1437]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">L:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FF2AFA24674ACEDA" author="Nuttall, G. H. F. & Warburton, C." box="[186,521,1411,1437]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="133 - 293" refId="ref234795" refString="Nuttall, G. H. F. & Warburton, C. (1911) Ticks. A monograph of the Ixodoidea. Part II. The Ixodidae. Section II. Genus I. Ixodes Latreille 1795. Cambridge University Press, London, pp. 133 - 293. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 24075" type="book chapter" year="1911">Nuttall and Warburton (1911)</bibRefCitation>
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; see note below
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF9FFD2FF07FA01640BCE87" blockId="16.[151,1437,1194,2013]" box="[151,328,1446,1472]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FF07FA01640BCE87" bold="true" box="[151,328,1446,1472]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Redescriptions</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF9FFD2FF07FA6C6462CD4E" blockId="16.[151,1437,1194,2013]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FF07FA6C65F8CEA2" bold="true" box="[151,187,1483,1509]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FF51FA6C6421CEA2" author="Arthur, D. R." box="[193,354,1482,1509]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="161 - 186" refId="ref182923" refString="Arthur, D. R. (1953 a) The morphology of the British Prostriata with particular reference to Ixodes hexagonus Leach. II. Parasitology, 43, 161 - 186. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182000084432" type="journal article" year="1953">
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Arthur (1953
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FEC5FA6D6421CEA2" author="Aeschlimann, A." box="[341,354,1482,1509]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="154 - 177" refId="ref178065" refString="Aeschlimann, A. (1963) Observations sur la morphologie, la biologie et le developpement d' Amblyomma compressum (Macalister, 1872), la tique des pangolins d'Afrique occidentale. Acta Tropica, 20, 154 - 177." type="journal article" year="1963">a</bibRefCitation>
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</bibRefCitation>
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, 1963),
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FE2AFA6C6710CEA1" author="Babos, S." box="[442,595,1483,1510]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref185196" refString="Babos, S. (1964) Die Zeckenfauna Mitteleuropas. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, 410 pp." type="book" year="1964">Babos (1964)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FDCEFA6C661ACEA2" author="Nosek, J. & Sixl, W" box="[606,857,1483,1509]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="61 - 92" refId="ref234235" refString="Nosek, J. & Sixl, W (1972) Central-European ticks (Ixodoidea). Mittellungen der Abteilung fur Zoologie am Landesmuseum Joanneum, 1, 61 - 92." type="journal article" year="1972">Nosek and Sixl (1972)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FCF4FA6C6157CEA1" author="Hillyard, P. D." box="[868,1044,1483,1510]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref207142" refString="Hillyard, P. D. (1996) Ticks of North-West Europe. Keys and notes for identification of the species. Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series) (52) Field Studies Council, Shrewsbury, 178 pp." type="book" year="1996">Hillyard (1996)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FB8FFA6C61BDCEA2" author="Cordas, T. & Aeschlimann, A. & Morel, P. C." box="[1055,1278,1483,1509]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="21 - 46" refId="ref193386" refString="Cordas, T., Aeschlimann, A. & Morel, P. C. (1993) Etude morphologique des Ixodidae s. str. (Schulze, 1937) de Suisse au microscope electronique a balayage. Acarologia, 34, 21 - 46." type="journal article" year="1993">
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Cordas
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FBE4FA6C61E8CEA2" box="[1140,1195,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
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(1993)
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FA99FA6C6462CD4E" author="Estrada-Pena, A. & Mihalca, A. D. & Petney, T. N." pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref199181" refString="Estrada-Pena, A., Mihalca, A. D. & Petney, T. N. (2017) Ticks of Europe and North Africa. Springer, Cham, 404 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 63760 - 0" type="book" year="2017">
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Estrada-Peña
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FF07FA48658CCD4E" box="[151,207,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
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(2017)
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</bibRefCitation>
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF9FFD2FF07F9B46761CD16" blockId="16.[151,1437,1194,2013]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FF07F9B465F1CD6A" bold="true" box="[151,178,1555,1581]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">F:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FF28F9B4641ACD6A" author="Arthur, D. R." box="[184,345,1554,1581]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="161 - 186" refId="ref182923" refString="Arthur, D. R. (1953 a) The morphology of the British Prostriata with particular reference to Ixodes hexagonus Leach. II. Parasitology, 43, 161 - 186. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182000084432" type="journal article" year="1953">
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Arthur (1953
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FEDCF9B5641ACD6A" author="Aeschlimann, A." box="[332,345,1554,1581]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="154 - 177" refId="ref178065" refString="Aeschlimann, A. (1963) Observations sur la morphologie, la biologie et le developpement d' Amblyomma compressum (Macalister, 1872), la tique des pangolins d'Afrique occidentale. Acta Tropica, 20, 154 - 177." type="journal article" year="1963">a</bibRefCitation>
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</bibRefCitation>
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, 1963),
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FE23F9B4670ECD69" author="Babos, S." box="[435,589,1555,1582]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref185196" refString="Babos, S. (1964) Die Zeckenfauna Mitteleuropas. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, 410 pp." type="book" year="1964">Babos (1964)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FDC8F9B46616CD6A" author="Nosek, J. & Sixl, W" box="[600,853,1555,1581]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="61 - 92" refId="ref234235" refString="Nosek, J. & Sixl, W (1972) Central-European ticks (Ixodoidea). Mittellungen der Abteilung fur Zoologie am Landesmuseum Joanneum, 1, 61 - 92." type="journal article" year="1972">Nosek and Sixl (1972)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FCF1F9B46102CD6A" author="Cordas, T. & Aeschlimann, A. & Morel, P. C." box="[865,1089,1555,1581]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="21 - 46" refId="ref193386" refString="Cordas, T., Aeschlimann, A. & Morel, P. C. (1993) Etude morphologique des Ixodidae s. str. (Schulze, 1937) de Suisse au microscope electronique a balayage. Acarologia, 34, 21 - 46." type="journal article" year="1993">
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Cordas
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FC26F9B466ADCD6A" box="[950,1006,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
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(1993)
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</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FBDDF9B461BECD69" author="Hillyard, P. D." box="[1101,1277,1555,1582]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref207142" refString="Hillyard, P. D. (1996) Ticks of North-West Europe. Keys and notes for identification of the species. Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series) (52) Field Studies Council, Shrewsbury, 178 pp." type="book" year="1996">Hillyard (1996)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FA99F9B46460CD16" author="Estrada-Pena, A. & Mihalca, A. D. & Petney, T. N." pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref199181" refString="Estrada-Pena, A., Mihalca, A. D. & Petney, T. N. (2017) Ticks of Europe and North Africa. Springer, Cham, 404 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 63760 - 0" type="book" year="2017">
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Estrada-Peña
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FF07F990658CCD16" box="[151,207,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
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(2017)
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FEBFF9906761CD16" author="Hornok, S. & Sandor, A. D. & Beck, R. & Farkas, R. & Beati, L. & Kontschan, J. & Takacs, N. & Foldvari, G. & Silaghi, C. & Meyer-Kaiser, C. & Hodzic, A. & Tomanovic, S. & Abdullah, S. & Wall, R. & Estrada-Pena, A. & Duscher, G. G. & Plantard, O." box="[303,546,1591,1617]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref214755" refString="Hornok, S., Sandor, A. D., Beck, R., Farkas, R., Beati, L., Kontschan, J., Takacs, N., Foldvari, G., Silaghi, C., Meyer-Kaiser, C., Hodzic, A., Tomanovic, S., Abdullah, S., Wall, R., Estrada-Pena, A., Duscher, G. G. & Plantard, O. (2017 a) Contributions to the phylogeny of Ixodes (Pholeoixodes) canisuga, I. (Ph.) kaiseri, I. (Ph.) hexagonus and a simple pictorial key for the identification of their females. Parasites & Vectors, 10 (article 545), 1 - 12. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 017 - 2424 - x" type="journal article" year="2017">
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Hornok
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FE1BF9906487CD16" box="[395,452,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
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(2017a)
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</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFF9FFD2FF07F9FC64E3CDDE" blockId="16.[151,1437,1194,2013]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FF07F9FC65F6CD32" bold="true" box="[151,181,1627,1653]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">N:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FF2BF9FC641ECD32" author="Arthur, D. R." box="[187,349,1626,1653]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="161 - 186" refId="ref182923" refString="Arthur, D. R. (1953 a) The morphology of the British Prostriata with particular reference to Ixodes hexagonus Leach. II. Parasitology, 43, 161 - 186. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182000084432" type="journal article" year="1953">
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Arthur (1953
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FEC0F9FD641ECD32" author="Aeschlimann, A." box="[336,349,1626,1653]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="154 - 177" refId="ref178065" refString="Aeschlimann, A. (1963) Observations sur la morphologie, la biologie et le developpement d' Amblyomma compressum (Macalister, 1872), la tique des pangolins d'Afrique occidentale. Acta Tropica, 20, 154 - 177." type="journal article" year="1963">a</bibRefCitation>
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</bibRefCitation>
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, 1963),
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FE2AF9FC6717CD31" author="Babos, S." box="[442,596,1627,1654]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref185196" refString="Babos, S. (1964) Die Zeckenfauna Mitteleuropas. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, 410 pp." type="book" year="1964">Babos (1964)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FDF1F9FC6621CD32" author="Nosek, J. & Sixl, W" box="[609,866,1627,1653]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="61 - 92" refId="ref234235" refString="Nosek, J. & Sixl, W (1972) Central-European ticks (Ixodoidea). Mittellungen der Abteilung fur Zoologie am Landesmuseum Joanneum, 1, 61 - 92." type="journal article" year="1972">Nosek and Sixl (1972)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FCFEF9FC6111CD32" author="Cordas, T. & Aeschlimann, A. & Morel, P. C." box="[878,1106,1627,1653]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="21 - 46" refId="ref193386" refString="Cordas, T., Aeschlimann, A. & Morel, P. C. (1993) Etude morphologique des Ixodidae s. str. (Schulze, 1937) de Suisse au microscope electronique a balayage. Acarologia, 34, 21 - 46." type="journal article" year="1993">
|
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Cordas
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|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FC55F9FC66BDCD32" box="[965,1022,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
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(1993)
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FBCFF9FC6029CD32" author="Manilla, G. & Iori, A." box="[1119,1386,1627,1653]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="37 - 45" refId="ref228574" refString="Manilla, G. & Iori, A. (1993) Chiave illustrata delle zecche d'Italia. II: Stadi ninfali delle specie della sottofamiglia Ixodinae (Acari, Ixodoidea, Ixodidae). Parassitologia, 35 (1 - 3), 37 - 45." type="journal article" year="1993">
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<collectingRegion id="8A2AF820FFF9FFD2FBCFF9FC61F5CD32" box="[1119,1206,1627,1653]" country="Philippines" name="Manila" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Manilla</collectingRegion>
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|
and Iori (1993)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FAE7F9FC64E3CDDE" author="Estrada-Pena, A. & Mihalca, A. D. & Petney, T. N." pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref199181" refString="Estrada-Pena, A., Mihalca, A. D. & Petney, T. N. (2017) Ticks of Europe and North Africa. Springer, Cham, 404 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 63760 - 0" type="book" year="2017">
|
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Estrada-Peña
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FE86F9D8640DCDDE" box="[278,334,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
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(2017)
|
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</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="485136C2FFF9FFD2FF07F9046665CDA6" blockId="16.[151,1437,1194,2013]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FF07F90465F0CDFA" bold="true" box="[151,179,1699,1725]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">L:</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FF29F9046418CDFA" author="Arthur, D. R." box="[185,347,1698,1725]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="161 - 186" refId="ref182923" refString="Arthur, D. R. (1953 a) The morphology of the British Prostriata with particular reference to Ixodes hexagonus Leach. II. Parasitology, 43, 161 - 186. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182000084432" type="journal article" year="1953">
|
|
Arthur (1953
|
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FEDEF9056418CDFA" author="Aeschlimann, A." box="[334,347,1698,1725]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="154 - 177" refId="ref178065" refString="Aeschlimann, A. (1963) Observations sur la morphologie, la biologie et le developpement d' Amblyomma compressum (Macalister, 1872), la tique des pangolins d'Afrique occidentale. Acta Tropica, 20, 154 - 177." type="journal article" year="1963">a</bibRefCitation>
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</bibRefCitation>
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|
, 1963),
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|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FE27F90467AECDF9" author="Senevet, G. & Ripert, C." box="[439,749,1699,1726]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="79 - 121" refId="ref245900" refString="Senevet, G. & Ripert, C. (1967 a) Les larves des especes du genre Ixodes. Essai de revue d'ensemble. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee, 42, 79 - 121. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / parasite / 1967421079" type="journal article" year="1967">Sénevet and Ripert (1967a)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FD6AF90466B9CDFA" author="Nosek, J. & Sixl, W" box="[762,1018,1699,1725]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="61 - 92" refId="ref234235" refString="Nosek, J. & Sixl, W (1972) Central-European ticks (Ixodoidea). Mittellungen der Abteilung fur Zoologie am Landesmuseum Joanneum, 1, 61 - 92." type="journal article" year="1972">Nosek and Sixl (1972)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FB96F9046052CDFA" author="Manilla, G. & Iori, A." box="[1030,1297,1699,1725]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="83 - 95" refId="ref228526" refString="Manilla, G. & Iori, A. (1992) Chiave illustrata delle zecche d'Italia. I: Stadi larvali delle specie della sottofamiglia Ixodinae (Acari, Ixodoidea, Ixodidae). Parassitologia, 34 (1 - 3), 83 - 95." type="journal article" year="1992">
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|
<collectingRegion id="8A2AF820FFF9FFD2FB96F904611ECDFA" box="[1030,1117,1699,1725]" country="Philippines" name="Manila" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Manilla</collectingRegion>
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and Iori (1992)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
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,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FA8DF904644BCDA6" author="Marquez, F. J. & Morel, P. C. & Guiguen, C. & Beaucournu, J. C." pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="325 - 330" refId="ref228718" refString="Marquez, F. J., Morel, P. C., Guiguen, C. & Beaucournu, J. C. (1992) Cle dichotomique des Ixodidae d'Europe. I - Les larves du genre Ixodes. Acarologia, 33, 325 - 330." type="journal article" year="1992">
|
|
Márquez
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FA18F90465F7CDA6" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(1992)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FE84F96064B5CDA6" author="Cordas, T. & Aeschlimann, A. & Morel, P. C." box="[276,502,1735,1761]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="21 - 46" refId="ref193386" refString="Cordas, T., Aeschlimann, A. & Morel, P. C. (1993) Etude morphologique des Ixodidae s. str. (Schulze, 1937) de Suisse au microscope electronique a balayage. Acarologia, 34, 21 - 46." type="journal article" year="1993">
|
|
Cordas
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FEFAF96064E1CDA6" box="[362,418,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(1993)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FD92F9606665CDA6" author="Estrada-Pena, A. & Mihalca, A. D. & Petney, T. N." box="[514,806,1735,1761]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref199181" refString="Estrada-Pena, A., Mihalca, A. D. & Petney, T. N. (2017) Ticks of Europe and North Africa. Springer, Cham, 404 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 63760 - 0" type="book" year="2017">
|
|
Estrada-Peña
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FD0CF9606796CDA6" box="[668,725,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2017)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="485136C2FFF9FFD3FF07F94C64EBCA22" blockId="16.[151,1437,1194,2013]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1437,151,357]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FF07F94C659BCC42" bold="true" box="[151,216,1771,1797]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Note:</emphasis>
|
|
significant problems have attended attempts to properly define
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF9FFD2FC2CF94C6130CC43" authorityName="Johnston" authorityYear="1849" box="[956,1139,1771,1797]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canisuga">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FC2CF94C6130CC43" box="[956,1139,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes canisuga</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Thus,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FB5DF94C6410CC6E" author="Filippova, N. A. & Uspenskaya, I. G." pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="297 - 306" refId="ref201844" refString="Filippova, N. A. & Uspenskaya, I. G. (1973) Ixodes kaiseri Arthur 1957 (Ixodidae) species taxonomic status. Parazitologiya, 7, 297 - 306. [in Russian, NAMRU- 3 translation 636]" type="journal article" year="1973">Filippova and Uspenskaya (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
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consider
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF9FFD2FE53F8A86739CC6F" authorityName="Johnston" authorityYear="1849" box="[451,634,1807,1833]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canisuga">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FE53F8A86739CC6F" box="[451,634,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes canisuga</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
valid, but
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FD67F8A866F6CC6E" author="Filippova, N. A." box="[759,949,1807,1833]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref200597" refString="Filippova, N. A. (1977) Ixodid ticks (Ixodinae). In: Fauna USSR New Series, 4 (4), Nauka, Moscow, Leningrad, 396 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1977">Filippova (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
treats this species as a synonym of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF9FFD2FAC3F8A8644FCC0A" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenulatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FAC3F8A8644FCC0A" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes crenulatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, a view shared by other workers, while
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FD49F8946637CC0A" author="Feider, Z." box="[729,884,1842,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref199707" refString="Feider, Z. (1965) Fauna Republicii Populare Romane Arachnida Acaromorpha Suprafamilia Ixodoidea (Capuse). Vol. 5. Issue 2. Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romane, Bucarest, 401 pp." type="book" year="1965">Feider (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
considers
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF9FFD2FC7FF89461E5CC0B" authorityName="Johnston" authorityYear="1849" box="[1007,1190,1843,1869]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canisuga">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FC7FF89461E5CC0B" box="[1007,1190,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes canisuga</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
a synonym of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF9FFD2FAC3F894644CCC36" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hexagonus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FAC3F894644CCC36" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes hexagonus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Some of the records of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF9FFD2FDBBF8F067A2CC37" authorityName="Johnston" authorityYear="1849" box="[555,737,1879,1905]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canisuga">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FDBBF8F067A2CC37" box="[555,737,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes canisuga</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
listed in
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FCDCF8F061D8CC36" author="Nuttall, G. H. F. & Warburton, C." box="[844,1179,1879,1905]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="133 - 293" refId="ref234795" refString="Nuttall, G. H. F. & Warburton, C. (1911) Ticks. A monograph of the Ixodoidea. Part II. The Ixodidae. Section II. Genus I. Ixodes Latreille 1795. Cambridge University Press, London, pp. 133 - 293. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 24075" type="book chapter" year="1911">Nuttall and Warburton (1911)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
correspond, in fact, to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF9FFD2FF07F8DC6470CCD2" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[151,307,1915,1941]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lividus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FF07F8DC6470CCD2" box="[151,307,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes lividus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, but the specimens used in
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FDFBF8DC66FBCCD2" author="Nuttall, G. H. F. & Warburton, C." box="[619,952,1915,1941]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="133 - 293" refId="ref234795" refString="Nuttall, G. H. F. & Warburton, C. (1911) Ticks. A monograph of the Ixodoidea. Part II. The Ixodidae. Section II. Genus I. Ixodes Latreille 1795. Cambridge University Press, London, pp. 133 - 293. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 24075" type="book chapter" year="1911">Nuttall and Warburton (1911)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
to describe
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF9FFD2FBD2F8DC61BBCCD3" authorityName="Johnston" authorityYear="1849" box="[1090,1272,1915,1941]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canisuga">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FBD2F8DC61BBCCD3" box="[1090,1272,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes canisuga</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
are from dogs and appear to represent
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FE33F8386748CCFE" box="[419,523,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">bona fide</emphasis>
|
|
examples of this taxon. Regardless, descriptions in
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF9FFD2FBC1F83860DFCCFE" author="Nuttall, G. H. F. & Warburton, C." box="[1105,1436,1951,1977]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="133 - 293" refId="ref234795" refString="Nuttall, G. H. F. & Warburton, C. (1911) Ticks. A monograph of the Ixodoidea. Part II. The Ixodidae. Section II. Genus I. Ixodes Latreille 1795. Cambridge University Press, London, pp. 133 - 293. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 24075" type="book chapter" year="1911">Nuttall and Warburton (1911)</bibRefCitation>
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|
and several of the redescriptions above should be treated as tentative.
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|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF9FFD2FC3AF8646123CC9B" authorityName="Johnston" authorityYear="1849" box="[938,1120,1987,2013]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canisuga">
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|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF9FFD2FC3AF8646123CC9B" box="[938,1120,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes canisuga</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and related species, such as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF8FFD3FF07FF30641DCBF6" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[151,350,151,177]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenulatus">
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|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF8FFD3FF07FF30641DCBF6" box="[151,350,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ixodes crenulatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
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|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF8FFD3FE07FF30671ACBF6" authorityName="Cerny" authorityYear="1961" box="[407,601,151,177]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filippovae">
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|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF8FFD3FE07FF30671ACBF6" box="[407,601,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ixodes filippovae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, are considered valid here, but there is a need for a comprehensive study of this group to clarify the status of the species involved.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF8FFD3FCB2FF1C61DCCB92" author="Filippova, N. A. & Uspenskaya, I. G." box="[802,1183,187,213]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="297 - 306" refId="ref201844" refString="Filippova, N. A. & Uspenskaya, I. G. (1973) Ixodes kaiseri Arthur 1957 (Ixodidae) species taxonomic status. Parazitologiya, 7, 297 - 306. [in Russian, NAMRU- 3 translation 636]" type="journal article" year="1973">Filippova and Uspenskaya (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
note the possibility of confusing
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF8FFD3FE9FFF786484CBBF" authorityName="Johnston" authorityYear="1849" box="[271,455,223,249]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canisuga">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF8FFD3FE9FFF786484CBBF" box="[271,455,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ixodes canisuga</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF8FFD3FD9BFF7867E9CBBE" authorityName="Arthur" authorityYear="1957" box="[523,682,223,249]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kaiseri">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF8FFD3FD9BFF7867E9CBBE" box="[523,682,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ixodes kaiseri</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, and
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFF8FFD3FD7CFF7866E7CBBE" author="Keirans, J. E." box="[748,932,222,249]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref217541" refString="Keirans, J. E. (1985 c) George Henry Falkiner Nuttall and the Nuttall tick catalogue. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Miscellaneous Publication 1438. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Washington, D. C., 1785 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 65326" type="book" year="1985">Keirans (1985c)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
described in detail the confusion of several
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF8FFD3FF07FEA465A3CA5A" authorityName="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,224,259,285]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF8FFD3FF07FEA465A3CA5A" box="[151,224,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ixodes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
species with
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF8FFD3FEEDFEA46778CA5B" box="[381,571,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF8FFD3FEEDFEA4677BCA5B" authorityName="Johnston" authorityYear="1849" box="[381,568,259,285]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canisuga">Ixodes canisuga</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
Apart from the descriptions and redescriptions listed here, there are several redescriptions under the name
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF8FFD3FE7BFE8067AECA07" box="[491,749,295,321]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Pholeoixodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canisuga">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF8FFD3FE7BFE8067AECA07" box="[491,749,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Pholeoixodes canisuga</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
that are not included in the above lists.
|
|
<collectingRegion id="8A2AF820FFF8FFD3FB33FE806188CA06" box="[1187,1227,295,321]" country="South Sudan" name="Lakes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">See</collectingRegion>
|
|
also
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF8FFD3FA95FE80658ECA22" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenulatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF8FFD3FA95FE80658ECA22" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ixodes crenulatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFF8FFD3FE94FEEC64EBCA22" box="[260,424,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFF8FFD3FE94FEEC64E7CA22" authorityName="Arthur" authorityYear="1957" box="[260,420,331,357]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kaiseri">Ixodes kaiseri</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |