164 lines
17 KiB
XML
164 lines
17 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="DEE23B717383B02503DA1C0E28B9A582">Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4572C0C2D899E5FC7D20F92568E0A89D">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="26F54AB53B144C3809EE340206813717">Petney, Trevor N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F4C6361F8CE4FC8157CEB770F0DDD635">Robbins, Richard G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="4867969B01993C9403652795AD4FEFD6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="47914BDCD7A28EA2CB1DEFE25E1DC624">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9D9307A3268897271A9DD290B92AA2BE">4871</mods:number>
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<treatment id="C04787D4FF21FF0AFF07FD15619CCE12" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4582665" ID-GBIF-Taxon="179990148" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4582665" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C04787D4FF21FF0AFF07FD15619CCE12" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C04787D4FF21FF0AFF07FD15619CCE12" lastPageNumber="201" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FF21FF0AFF07FD1566BEC98A" box="[151,1021,690,717]" pageId="200" pageNumber="201" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF21FF0AFF07FD1566BEC98A" blockId="200.[151,1437,690,1365]" box="[151,1021,690,717]" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF21FF0AFF07FD1564B1C98A" bold="true" box="[151,498,690,717]" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">
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1.
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF21FF0AFF57FD1564B1C98A" bold="true" box="[199,498,690,717]" italics="true" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">
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||
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF21FF0AFF57FD156438C98A" ID-CoL="4SFR" ID-ENA="34622" authority="Chitimia-Dobler, Pfeffer and Dunlop, 2018" box="[199,379,690,717]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Haemaphysalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="200" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Haemaphysalis</taxonomicName>
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? cretacea
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</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF21FF0AFE6FFD1466B9C98A" author="Chitimia-Dobler, L. & Pfeffer, T. & Dunlop, J. A." box="[511,1018,691,717]" pageId="200" pageNumber="201" pagination="1440 - 1451" refId="ref191196" refString="Chitimia-Dobler, L., Pfeffer, T. & Dunlop, J. A. (2018) Haemaphysalis cretacea a nymph of a newspecies of hard tick in Burmese amber. Parasitology, 145, 1440 - 1451. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182018000537" type="journal article" year="2018">Chitimia-Dobler, Pfeffer and Dunlop, 2018</bibRefCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="00F46549FF21FF0AFB97FD146469C852" pageId="200" pageNumber="201" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF21FF0AFB97FD1465A8C9B6" blockId="200.[151,1437,690,1365]" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">A fossil species whose host is unknown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF21FF0AFF07FD5C6469C852" blockId="200.[151,1437,690,1365]" box="[151,298,763,789]" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF21FF0AFF07FD5C65F8C852" bold="true" box="[151,187,763,789]" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">M:</emphasis>
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unknown
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FF21FF0AFF07FCB864CCC8E2" pageId="200" pageNumber="201" type="description">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF21FF0AFF07FCB86462C87E" blockId="200.[151,1437,690,1365]" box="[151,289,799,825]" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF21FF0AFF07FCB865F1C87E" bold="true" box="[151,178,799,825]" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">F:</emphasis>
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unknown
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF21FF0AFF07FCE467F9C81A" blockId="200.[151,1437,690,1365]" box="[151,698,835,861]" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF21FF0AFF07FCE465F6C81A" bold="true" box="[151,181,835,861]" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">N:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF21FF0AFF2CFCE4674AC81A" author="Chitimia-Dobler, L. & Pfeffer, T. & Dunlop, J. A." box="[188,521,835,861]" pageId="200" pageNumber="201" pagination="1440 - 1451" refId="ref191196" refString="Chitimia-Dobler, L., Pfeffer, T. & Dunlop, J. A. (2018) Haemaphysalis cretacea a nymph of a newspecies of hard tick in Burmese amber. Parasitology, 145, 1440 - 1451. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182018000537" type="journal article" year="2018">
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Chitimia-Dobler
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF21FF0AFEECFCE464F7C81A" box="[380,436,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">et al.</emphasis>
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(2018)
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</bibRefCitation>
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; see note below
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="485136C2FF21FF0AFF07FCC06461C8C6" blockId="200.[151,1437,690,1365]" box="[151,290,871,897]" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF21FF0AFF07FCC065F0C8C6" bold="true" box="[151,179,871,897]" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">L:</emphasis>
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unknown
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF21FF0AFF07FC2D64CCC8E2" blockId="200.[151,1437,690,1365]" box="[151,399,906,933]" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF21FF0AFF07FC2D6411C8E3" bold="true" box="[151,338,906,932]" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">Redescriptions:</emphasis>
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none
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="00F46549FF21FF0AFF07FC08619CCE12" pageId="200" pageNumber="201" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF21FF0AFF07FC08619CCE12" blockId="200.[151,1437,690,1365]" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF21FF0AFF07FC08659BC88E" bold="true" box="[151,216,943,969]" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">Note:</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF21FF0AFF72FC086771C88E" author="Chitimia-Dobler, L. & Pfeffer, T. & Dunlop, J. A." box="[226,562,943,969]" pageId="200" pageNumber="201" pagination="1440 - 1451" refId="ref191196" refString="Chitimia-Dobler, L., Pfeffer, T. & Dunlop, J. A. (2018) Haemaphysalis cretacea a nymph of a newspecies of hard tick in Burmese amber. Parasitology, 145, 1440 - 1451. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182018000537" type="journal article" year="2018">
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Chitimia-Dobler
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF21FF0AFE34FC08649DC88E" box="[420,478,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">et al.</emphasis>
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(2018)
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</bibRefCitation>
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classify this species in the genus
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF21FF0AFC2AFC086124C88E" box="[954,1127,943,969]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Haemaphysalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="200" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF21FF0AFC2AFC086124C88E" box="[954,1127,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">Haemaphysalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and even include it in the subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF21FF0AFE95FC7464C3C8AA" box="[261,384,979,1005]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Haemaphysalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="200" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Alloceraea">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF21FF0AFE95FC7464C3C8AA" box="[261,384,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">Alloceraea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which contains “primitive
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF21FF0AFD24FC746622C8AA" box="[692,865,979,1005]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Haemaphysalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="200" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF21FF0AFD24FC746622C8AA" box="[692,865,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">Haemaphysalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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” according to the definition in
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF21FF0AFB2BFC7465A5CF56" author="Hoogstraal, H. & Kim, K. C." pageId="200" pageNumber="201" pagination="505 - 568" refId="ref209949" refString="Hoogstraal, H. & Kim, K. C. (1985) Tick and mammal coevolution, with emphasis on Haemaphysalis. In: Kim, K. C. (Ed.), Coevolution of parasitic arthropods and mammals. John Wiley & Sons, New York and other cities, pp. 505 - 568." type="book chapter" year="1985">Hoogstraal and Kim (1985)</bibRefCitation>
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. However, the morphological structures shown in the figures of
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF21FF0AFC3DFC5061B6CF56" author="Chitimia-Dobler, L. & Pfeffer, T. & Dunlop, J. A." box="[941,1269,1015,1041]" pageId="200" pageNumber="201" pagination="1440 - 1451" refId="ref191196" refString="Chitimia-Dobler, L., Pfeffer, T. & Dunlop, J. A. (2018) Haemaphysalis cretacea a nymph of a newspecies of hard tick in Burmese amber. Parasitology, 145, 1440 - 1451. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182018000537" type="journal article" year="2018">
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Chitimia-Dobler
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF21FF0AFBFDFC5061E6CF56" box="[1133,1189,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">et al.</emphasis>
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||
(2018)
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</bibRefCitation>
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do not support the inclusion of
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF21FF0AFEDCFBBC64E8CF73" box="[332,427,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">cretacea</emphasis>
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in the genus
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF21FF0AFDD0FBBC67AECF72" box="[576,749,1051,1077]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Haemaphysalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="200" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF21FF0AFDD0FBBC67AECF72" box="[576,749,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">Haemaphysalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF21FF0AFD6BFBBC614DCF72" author="Hoogstraal, H. & Kim, K. C." box="[763,1038,1050,1077]" pageId="200" pageNumber="201" pagination="505 - 568" refId="ref209949" refString="Hoogstraal, H. & Kim, K. C. (1985) Tick and mammal coevolution, with emphasis on Haemaphysalis. In: Kim, K. C. (Ed.), Coevolution of parasitic arthropods and mammals. John Wiley & Sons, New York and other cities, pp. 505 - 568." type="book chapter" year="1985">Hoogstraal & Kim 1985</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF21FF0AFB89FBBC6018CF72" author="Geevarghese, G. & Mishra, A. C." box="[1049,1371,1051,1077]" pageId="200" pageNumber="201" refId="ref202939" refString="Geevarghese, G. & Mishra, A. C. (2011) Haemaphysalis ticks of India. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 260 pp." type="book" year="2011">Geevarghese & Mishra 2011</bibRefCitation>
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). The authors state (page 3) that the basis capituli is slightly wider than long, but on page 7 assert that it is 2.6 times wider than long, although accompanying figures show a basis capituli that is obviously longer than broad. Also, on page 5, the second article of the palps is declared to be 1.6 longer than the third article, but the authors’ figures show a second article almost four times longer than the third article (this is most evident in figure 2).
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF21FF0AFB28FB0C65A1CFAE" author="Hoogstraal, H. & Kim, K. C." pageId="200" pageNumber="201" pagination="505 - 568" refId="ref209949" refString="Hoogstraal, H. & Kim, K. C. (1985) Tick and mammal coevolution, with emphasis on Haemaphysalis. In: Kim, K. C. (Ed.), Coevolution of parasitic arthropods and mammals. John Wiley & Sons, New York and other cities, pp. 505 - 568." type="book chapter" year="1985">Hoogstraal and Kim (1985)</bibRefCitation>
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emphasize that “the most basic criterion of the 17 primitive
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF21FF0AFC13FB686173CFAE" box="[899,1072,1231,1257]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Haemaphysalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="200" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF21FF0AFC13FB686173CFAE" box="[899,1072,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">Haemaphysalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is the presence, in each stage, or only in larvae and nymphs, of a lateral convexity of the basis capituli or of a projection from each side of the basis capituli,” a criterion not met in the nymph described by
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF21FF0AFC92FAB0610ECE76" author="Chitimia-Dobler, L. & Pfeffer, T. & Dunlop, J. A." box="[770,1101,1303,1329]" pageId="200" pageNumber="201" pagination="1440 - 1451" refId="ref191196" refString="Chitimia-Dobler, L., Pfeffer, T. & Dunlop, J. A. (2018) Haemaphysalis cretacea a nymph of a newspecies of hard tick in Burmese amber. Parasitology, 145, 1440 - 1451. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182018000537" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
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Chitimia-Dobler
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF21FF0AFC52FAB066BACE76" box="[962,1017,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">et al.</emphasis>
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||
(2018)
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
. In summary, the morphological characters of
|
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF21FF0AFEC6FA9C64F6CE13" box="[342,437,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">cretacea</emphasis>
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clearly rule out inclusion of this fossil tick in the genus
|
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF21FF0AFBBBFA9C619CCE12" box="[1067,1247,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="200" pageNumber="201">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF21FF0AFBBBFA9C6198CE12" box="[1067,1243,1339,1365]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Haemaphysalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="200" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Haemaphysalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |