261 lines
30 KiB
XML
261 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="853120E2101D1A96C0FF3CF98E55C407" ID-CLB-Dataset="7890" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4871.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="344f8a86-21a1-428e-ae4f-01ea6082254a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4423340" ID-ZooBank="C21A719F-9A6B-4227-8386-1AFA22620614" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1610022441531" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Guglielmone, Alberto A., Petney, Trevor N. & Robbins, Richard G." docDate="2020" docId="C04787D4FF01FF2AFF07FCB967C2CD16" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4871.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4871 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Rhipicephalus pravus Donitz 1910" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="233" masterDocId="3C7EFFACFFE9FFC2FF90FFA76543CB47" masterDocTitle="Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019" masterLastPageNumber="322" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="233" updateTime="1698923194747" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="EE52D28A6E926F83C1096C6D25D49A0F">
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<mods:title id="CC5B5DAC3EBDBE3246DC4CD1405030F0">Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="1E2810BF651001EEFBA8CA0A8AB61269" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="8B70799EA0B444BBC7070EE6439F317F">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7518340E53F84018FC6BED68256C48B5" type="email">guglielmone.alberto@inta.gob.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="33522175943C3C61E1E84F17589D2180">Petney, Trevor N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="073F5A3FEB0983C47C02AD98DAF4D4E0" type="email">trevor.petney@smnk.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="93402711D10253D127388EAE1E1CD112">Robbins, Richard G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="143A8C3883808F4BCF2E6681B2AA4135" type="email">guglielmone.alberto@inta.gob.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="31CC6127B40A83D1386C261703C15A42">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="075FD8E7D09AA231CBD2453AFF910EDC">
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<mods:date id="4B563C4BEE57A82B6A6295E47E44146B">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8CA4EC266C49BBF28F0595342C5B786F">2020-11-05</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="4DF9CF43E27EBDE4D2B67E56F83615BC">4871</mods:number>
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<treatment id="C04787D4FF01FF2AFF07FCB967C2CD16" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4582432" ID-GBIF-Taxon="179990391" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4582432" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C04787D4FF01FF2AFF07FCB967C2CD16" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C04787D4FF01FF2AFF07FCB967C2CD16" lastPageNumber="233" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FF01FF2AFF07FCB96733C87E" box="[151,624,798,825]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF01FF2AFF07FCB96733C87E" blockId="232.[151,1437,798,1617]" box="[151,624,798,825]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFF07FCB965F9C87F" bold="true" box="[151,186,798,824]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">59.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFF57FCB9672FC87E" ID-CoL="6WTGY" authority="Donitz, 1910 a" authorityName="Donitz" authorityYear="1910" box="[199,620,798,825]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pravus">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFF57FCB96480C87E" bold="true" box="[199,451,798,825]" italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Rhipicephalus pravus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF01FF2AFE59FCB8672FC87E" author="Donitz, W." box="[457,620,799,825]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" pagination="397 - 494" refId="ref195872" refString="Donitz, W. (1910 a) Die Zecken Sudafrikas. Denkschriften der Medizinisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft zu Jena, 16, 397 - 494." type="journal article" year="1910">Dönitz, 1910a</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FF01FF2AFDE4FCB86457C8AA" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF01FF2AFDE4FCB86457C8AA" blockId="232.[151,1437,798,1617]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
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An Afrotropical species whose adults are usually found on
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFA98FCB860DAC87E" authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1848" box="[1288,1433,799,825]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Artiodactyla</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFF07FCE465B4C81A" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" box="[151,247,835,861]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Bovidae</taxonomicName>
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, but they have also been recorded from
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFD23FCE4666FC81A" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[691,812,835,861]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">Mammalia</taxonomicName>
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(several orders),
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFC7DFCE461E0C81A" authorityName="Vieillot" authorityYear="1816" box="[1005,1187,835,861]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Accipitriformes</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFB3CFCE4607AC81A" box="[1196,1337,835,861]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Accipitridae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFAD3FCE465AAC8C6" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Passeriformes</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFF63FCC0641BC8C6" box="[243,344,871,897]" class="Aves" family="Laniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Laniidae</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFE02FCC06717C8C6" box="[402,596,871,897]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Struthioniformes" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Struthioniformes</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFDCEFCC067BAC8C6" authorityName="Vigors" authorityYear="1825" box="[606,761,871,897]" class="Aves" family="Struthionidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Struthioniformes" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Struthionidae</taxonomicName>
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. All parasitic stages have been recovered from
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFA95FCC060DAC8C6" box="[1285,1433,871,897]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Lagomorpha</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFF07FC2C644FC8E2" box="[151,268,907,933]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Leporidae</taxonomicName>
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; adults and nymphs have been collected from
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFC82FC2C6631C8E2" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" box="[786,882,907,933]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Bovidae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFCEDFC2C66B2C8E2" authorityName="Bowdich" authorityYear="1821" box="[893,1009,907,933]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Carnivora</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFC6CFC2C6136C8E2" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" box="[1020,1141,907,933]" class="Mammalia" family="Viverridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Viverridae</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFB3FFC2C6014C8E2" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1956" box="[1199,1367,907,933]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Macroscelidea</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFAF1FC2C6461C88E" authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1838" class="Mammalia" family="Macroscelididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Macroscelidea" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Macroscelididae</taxonomicName>
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; nymphs alone have been found on Otidiformes:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFCD9FC0866EEC88E" box="[841,941,943,969]" class="Aves" family="Otididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gruiformes" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Otididae</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFC28FC0861E8C88F" authorityName="Donitz" authorityYear="1910" box="[952,1195,943,969]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pravus">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFC28FC0861E8C88F" box="[952,1195,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Rhipicephalus pravus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a sporadic parasite of humans.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FF01FF2AFF07FC5067C2CD16" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" type="description">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF01FF2AFF07FC50642FCF56" blockId="232.[151,1437,798,1617]" box="[151,364,1015,1041]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFF07FC5065F8CF56" bold="true" box="[151,187,1015,1041]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">M:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF01FF2AFF52FC50642FCF56" author="Donitz, W." box="[194,364,1015,1041]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" pagination="397 - 494" refId="ref195872" refString="Donitz, W. (1910 a) Die Zecken Sudafrikas. Denkschriften der Medizinisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft zu Jena, 16, 397 - 494." type="journal article" year="1910">Dönitz (1910a)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF01FF2AFF07FBBC6420CF72" blockId="232.[151,1437,798,1617]" box="[151,355,1051,1077]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFF07FBBC65F1CF72" bold="true" box="[151,178,1051,1077]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">F:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF01FF2AFF29FBBC6420CF72" author="Donitz, W." box="[185,355,1051,1077]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" pagination="397 - 494" refId="ref195872" refString="Donitz, W. (1910 a) Die Zecken Sudafrikas. Denkschriften der Medizinisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft zu Jena, 16, 397 - 494." type="journal article" year="1910">Dönitz (1910a)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF01FF2AFF07FB98677FCF1E" blockId="232.[151,1437,798,1617]" box="[151,572,1086,1113]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFF07FB9865F6CF1E" bold="true" box="[151,181,1087,1113]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">N:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF01FF2AFF2CFB986423CF1E" author="Walker, J. B." box="[188,352,1086,1113]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" pagination="243 - 260" refId="ref253722" refString="Walker, J. B. (1956) Rhipicephalus pravus Donitz, 1910. Parasitology, 46, 243 - 260. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182000026500" type="journal article" year="1956">Walker (1956)</bibRefCitation>
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, but see note below
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF01FF2AFF07FBC46778CF3A" blockId="232.[151,1437,798,1617]" box="[151,571,1122,1149]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFF07FBC465F0CF3A" bold="true" box="[151,179,1123,1149]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">L:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF01FF2AFF2AFBC4641DCF3A" author="Walker, J. B." box="[186,350,1122,1149]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" pagination="243 - 260" refId="ref253722" refString="Walker, J. B. (1956) Rhipicephalus pravus Donitz, 1910. Parasitology, 46, 243 - 260. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182000026500" type="journal article" year="1956">Walker (1956)</bibRefCitation>
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, but see note below
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF01FF2AFF07FB21640BCFE7" blockId="232.[151,1437,798,1617]" box="[151,328,1158,1184]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFF07FB21640BCFE7" bold="true" box="[151,328,1158,1184]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Redescriptions</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FF01FF2AFF07FB0C618ECF82" blockId="232.[151,1437,798,1617]" box="[151,1229,1194,1222]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFF07FB0C65F8CF82" bold="true" box="[151,187,1195,1221]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">M:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF01FF2AFF52FB0C642CCF81" author="Zumpt, F." box="[194,367,1195,1222]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" pagination="538 - 551" refId="ref257218" refString="Zumpt, F. (1942 d) Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Neum. und verwandte Arten. VI. Vorstudie zueiner Revision der Gattung Rhipicephalus Koch. Zeitschrift fur Parasitenkunde, 12, 538 - 551. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02122545" type="journal article" year="1942">Zumpt (1942d)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF01FF2AFEEAFB0C675DCF82" author="Walker, J. B." box="[378,542,1194,1221]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" pagination="243 - 260" refId="ref253722" refString="Walker, J. B. (1956) Rhipicephalus pravus Donitz, 1910. Parasitology, 46, 243 - 260. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182000026500" type="journal article" year="1956">Walker (1956)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF01FF2AFDB9FB0C664FCF82" author="Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G." box="[553,780,1195,1221]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" refId="ref254360" refString="Walker, J. B., Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G. (2000) The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae): a guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 643 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511661754" type="book" year="2000">
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Walker
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFD10FB0C67FBCF82" box="[640,696,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">et al.</emphasis>
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(2000)
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF01FF2AFC88FB0C66B2CF82" author="Horak, I. G. & Heyne, H. & Williams, R. & Gallivan, G. J. & Spickett, A. & Bezuidenhout, J. D. & Estrada-Pena, A." box="[792,1009,1195,1221]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" refId="ref214046" refString="Horak, I. G., Heyne, H., Williams, R., Gallivan, G. J., Spickett, A., Bezuidenhout, J. D. & Estrada-Pena, A. (2018) The ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of southern Africa. Springer, Cham, 676 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 70642 - 9" type="book" year="2018">
|
|
Horak
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFCF5FB0C66DECF82" box="[869,925,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2018)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, but see note below
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="485136C2FF01FF2AFF07FB686187CFAE" blockId="232.[151,1437,798,1617]" box="[151,1220,1230,1258]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFF07FB6865F1CFAE" bold="true" box="[151,178,1231,1257]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">F:</emphasis>
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|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF01FF2AFF29FB686426CFAD" author="Zumpt, F." box="[185,357,1231,1258]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" pagination="538 - 551" refId="ref257218" refString="Zumpt, F. (1942 d) Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Neum. und verwandte Arten. VI. Vorstudie zueiner Revision der Gattung Rhipicephalus Koch. Zeitschrift fur Parasitenkunde, 12, 538 - 551. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02122545" type="journal article" year="1942">Zumpt (1942d)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF01FF2AFEE0FB686757CFAE" author="Walker, J. B." box="[368,532,1230,1257]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" pagination="243 - 260" refId="ref253722" refString="Walker, J. B. (1956) Rhipicephalus pravus Donitz, 1910. Parasitology, 46, 243 - 260. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0031182000026500" type="journal article" year="1956">Walker (1956)</bibRefCitation>
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|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF01FF2AFDB0FB686640CFAE" author="Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G." box="[544,771,1231,1257]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" refId="ref254360" refString="Walker, J. B., Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G. (2000) The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae): a guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 643 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511661754" type="book" year="2000">
|
|
Walker
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFDE7FB6867ECCFAE" box="[631,687,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2000)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF01FF2AFC9EFB6866ABCFAE" author="Horak, I. G. & Heyne, H. & Williams, R. & Gallivan, G. J. & Spickett, A. & Bezuidenhout, J. D. & Estrada-Pena, A." box="[782,1000,1231,1257]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" refId="ref214046" refString="Horak, I. G., Heyne, H., Williams, R., Gallivan, G. J., Spickett, A., Bezuidenhout, J. D. & Estrada-Pena, A. (2018) The ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of southern Africa. Springer, Cham, 676 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 70642 - 9" type="book" year="2018">
|
|
Horak
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFCCBFB6866D7CFAE" box="[859,916,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2018)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, but see note below
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="485136C2FF01FF2AFF07FB5464DECE4A" blockId="232.[151,1437,798,1617]" box="[151,413,1267,1293]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFF07FB5465F6CE4A" bold="true" box="[151,181,1267,1293]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">N:</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF01FF2AFF2CFB5464DECE4A" author="Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G." box="[188,413,1267,1293]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" refId="ref254360" refString="Walker, J. B., Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G. (2000) The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae): a guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 643 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511661754" type="book" year="2000">
|
|
Walker
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFE83FB546408CE4A" box="[275,331,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2000)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="485136C2FF01FF2AFF07FAB064D8CE76" blockId="232.[151,1437,798,1617]" box="[151,411,1303,1329]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFF07FAB065F0CE76" bold="true" box="[151,179,1303,1329]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">L:</emphasis>
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|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF01FF2AFF2AFAB064D8CE76" author="Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G." box="[186,411,1303,1329]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" refId="ref254360" refString="Walker, J. B., Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G. (2000) The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae): a guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 643 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511661754" type="book" year="2000">
|
|
Walker
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFE81FAB06409CE76" box="[273,330,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2000)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="485136C2FF01FF2AFF07FA9C67C2CD16" blockId="232.[151,1437,798,1617]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFF07FA9C659BCE12" bold="true" box="[151,216,1339,1365]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Note:</emphasis>
|
|
there are descriptions of the larva and nymph of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFC99FA9C6029CE12" authority="in Theiler and Robinson (1953)" authorityName="in Theiler and Robinson" authorityYear="1953" box="[777,1386,1338,1365]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pravus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFC99FA9C66BECE13" box="[777,1021,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Rhipicephalus pravus</emphasis>
|
|
in
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF01FF2AFBB3FA9C6029CE12" author="Theiler, G. & Robinson, B. N." box="[1059,1386,1338,1365]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" pagination="93 - 136" refId="ref250861" refString="Theiler, G. & Robinson, B. N. (1953) Ticks in the South African Zoological Survey Collection. Part VII. Six lesser known African rhipicephalids. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 26, 93 - 136." type="journal article" year="1953">Theiler and Robinson (1953)</bibRefCitation>
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|
</taxonomicName>
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|
that are not accepted in
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF01FF2AFEE3FAF8671ACE3E" author="Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G." box="[371,601,1375,1401]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" refId="ref254360" refString="Walker, J. B., Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G. (2000) The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae): a guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 643 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511661754" type="book" year="2000">
|
|
Walker
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFE5BFAF86747CE3E" box="[459,516,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2000)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, who also questioned the redescriptions of male and female ticks by other authors; all such redescriptions have been omitted from the above lists.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF01FF2AFC23FA2461D1CEDA" author="Walker, J. B. & Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G." box="[947,1170,1411,1437]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" refId="ref254360" refString="Walker, J. B., Keirans, J. E. & Horak, I. G. (2000) The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari: Ixodidae): a guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 643 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / CBO 9780511661754" type="book" year="2000">
|
|
Walker
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFB9AFA246102CEDA" box="[1034,1089,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2000)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
and
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF01FF2AFB57FA2460DFCEDA" author="Horak, I. G. & Heyne, H. & Williams, R. & Gallivan, G. J. & Spickett, A. & Bezuidenhout, J. D. & Estrada-Pena, A." box="[1223,1436,1411,1437]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" refId="ref214046" refString="Horak, I. G., Heyne, H., Williams, R., Gallivan, G. J., Spickett, A., Bezuidenhout, J. D. & Estrada-Pena, A. (2018) The ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of southern Africa. Springer, Cham, 676 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 70642 - 9" type="book" year="2018">
|
|
Horak
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFA84FA246008CEDA" box="[1300,1355,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2018)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
found ticks that strongly match their definition of
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFD5CFA006116CE87" box="[716,1109,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFD5CFA006683CE87" authorityName="in Theiler and Robinson" authorityYear="1953" box="[716,960,1447,1473]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="pravus">Rhipicephalus pravus</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="61A957ABFF01FF2AFC58FA006116CE87" box="[968,1109,1447,1472]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" sensu="stricto">sensu stricto</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
but decided that they belong to a different species, naming their specimens
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFD09FA6C667ACEA2" authorityName="C.L.Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[665,825,1483,1509]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFD09FA6C667ACEA2" box="[665,825,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Rhipicephalus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. near
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFC0DFA6C66AACEA3" authorityName="in Theiler and Robinson" authorityYear="1953" box="[925,1001,1483,1508]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pravus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFC0DFA6C66AACEA3" box="[925,1001,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">pravus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, a statement that underscores the problems accompanying the definition of this tick.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FF01FF2AFD39FA4866C0CD4E" author="Horak, I. G. & Heyne, H. & Williams, R. & Gallivan, G. J. & Spickett, A. & Bezuidenhout, J. D. & Estrada-Pena, A." box="[681,899,1519,1545]" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" refId="ref214046" refString="Horak, I. G., Heyne, H., Williams, R., Gallivan, G. J., Spickett, A., Bezuidenhout, J. D. & Estrada-Pena, A. (2018) The ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of southern Africa. Springer, Cham, 676 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 70642 - 9" type="book" year="2018">
|
|
Horak
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFD67FA486672CD4E" box="[759,817,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2018)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
found that
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFB97FA4861E4CD4E" authorityName="C.L.Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[1031,1191,1519,1545]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFB97FA4861E4CD4E" box="[1031,1191,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Rhipicephalus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
near
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFB78FA486077CD4F" authorityName="in Theiler and Robinson" authorityYear="1953" box="[1256,1332,1519,1544]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pravus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFB78FA486077CD4F" box="[1256,1332,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">pravus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in
|
|
<collectingCountry id="30F97652FF01FF2AFACBFA48659CCD6A" name="South Africa" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
|
is actually
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFECFF9B467C7CD6A" box="[351,644,1555,1581]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="warburtoni">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFECFF9B467C7CD6A" box="[351,644,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Rhipicephalus warburtoni</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, but this finding does not necessarily apply to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFB1EF9B4606DCD6A" authorityName="C.L.Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[1166,1326,1555,1581]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFB1EF9B4606DCD6A" box="[1166,1326,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">Rhipicephalus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
near
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FF01FF2AFAFCF9B465FFCD17" authorityName="in Theiler and Robinson" authorityYear="1953" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Rhipicephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="232" pageNumber="233" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pravus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FF01FF2AFAFCF9B465FFCD17" italics="true" pageId="232" pageNumber="233">pravus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
from other countries in southern Africa.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |