196 lines
18 KiB
XML
196 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.143.2075" ID-GBIF-Dataset="718cdf1f-ce26-44fd-a822-381cb8f5605b" ID-PMC="PMC3208533" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-143-47" ID-PubMed="22144866" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-143-47" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 143" ModsDocTitle="The genus Anthia Weber in the Republic of South Africa, Identification, distribution, biogeography, and behavior (Coleoptera, Carabidae)" checkinTime="1451249721601" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Mawdsley, Jonathan R., Erwin, Terry L., Sithole, Hendrik, Mawdsley, James L. & Mawdsley, Alice S." docDate="2011" docId="B2D093EC585DE19A199552C2EAE3A6FD" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 143: 47-81" docOrigin="ZooKeys 143" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.143.2075" docTitle="Anthia cinctipennis Lequien 1832" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="6050B464FFE1D36FAE76CE32FF60532B" masterDocTitle="The genus Anthia Weber in the Republic of South Africa, Identification, distribution, biogeography, and behavior (Coleoptera, Carabidae)" masterLastPageNumber="81" masterPageNumber="47" pageNumber="55" updateTime="1668152558385" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The genus Anthia Weber in the Republic of South Africa, Identification, distribution, biogeography, and behavior (Coleoptera, Carabidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mawdsley, Jonathan R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Erwin, Terry L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sithole, Hendrik</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mawdsley, James L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mawdsley, Alice S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>143</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>47</mods:start>
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<mods:end>81</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.143.2075</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.143.2075</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-143-47</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152031830" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B2D093EC585DE19A199552C2EAE3A6FD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B2D093EC585DE19A199552C2EAE3A6FD" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Anthia_cinctipennis" authority="Lequien, 1832" authorityName="Lequien" authorityYear="1832" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia cinctipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinctipennis">Anthia cinctipennis Lequien, 1832</taxonomicName>
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Figures 18-22303438
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="55" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia cinctipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinctipennis">Anthia cinctipennis</taxonomicName>
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Lequien (1832:unpaginated).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia hottentota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hottentota">Anthia hottentota</taxonomicName>
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Olliff (1889:368-369), synonymized by Csiki (1929:378).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia limbipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limbipennis">Anthia limbipennis</taxonomicName>
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Chaudoir (1861:567), synonymized by Csiki (1929:378).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia pachyoma" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pachyoma">Anthia pachyoma</taxonomicName>
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Chaudoir (1883:26), synonymized by Csiki (1929:378)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="55" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Type Locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
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"Cap de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bonne-Espérance”">Bonne-Esperance"</normalizedToken>
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(= Cape of Good Hope).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="55" type="type depository">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Type Depository.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia cinctipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinctipennis">Anthia cinctipennis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia limbipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limbipennis">Anthia limbipennis</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia pachyoma" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pachyoma">Anthia pachyoma</taxonomicName>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Muséum">Museum</normalizedToken>
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National
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Histoire">d'Histoire</normalizedToken>
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Naturelle, Paris;
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia hottentota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hottentota">Anthia hottentota</taxonomicName>
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, Hope Department of Entomology, University Museum, Oxford University.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="55" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
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Easily separated from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia thoracica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracica">Anthia thoracica</taxonomicName>
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by the lack of large round or ovate setal patches on the pronotum, and easily separated from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia maxillosa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosa">Anthia maxillosa</taxonomicName>
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by the presence of a band of white setae along the lateral margins of the elytra. Less easily separated from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia circumscripta" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumscripta">Anthia circumscripta</taxonomicName>
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, although unrubbed specimens of the latter species always have scattered white setae on the lateral flanges of the pronotum. Male genitalia of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia circumscripta" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumscripta">Anthia circumscripta</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia cinctipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinctipennis">Anthia cinctipennis</taxonomicName>
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are also diagnostic, with the aedeagus slender in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia cinctipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinctipennis">Anthia cinctipennis</taxonomicName>
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and stouter and more robust in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia circumscripta" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumscripta">Anthia circumscripta</taxonomicName>
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(Figures 30, 21). Judging by the number of museum specimens examined,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia cinctipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinctipennis">Anthia cinctipennis</taxonomicName>
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is also much more frequently encountered in RSA than
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia circumscripta" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumscripta">Anthia circumscripta</taxonomicName>
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, which is known from relatively few specimens from RSA.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Body size massive, length of male 41.3-43.8 mm (exclusive of mandibles), length of female 43.5-48.8 mm. Integument black.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="56">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="56" start="start">Head</pageBreakToken>
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elongate, prognathous. Mandibles sexually dimorphic and as described for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia maxillosa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosa">Anthia maxillosa</taxonomicName>
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except that right mandible of the male has a broad tooth along inner margin. Length of right mandible in male 8.9-10.7 mm. Palpi as in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia maxillosa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosa">Anthia maxillosa</taxonomicName>
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. Antennae as described for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia thoracica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracica">Anthia thoracica</taxonomicName>
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, including vestiture. Eyes, frons, and vertex as described for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia thoracica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracica">Anthia thoracica</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="9" pageNumber="56">
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Pronotum as in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia maxillosa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosa">Anthia maxillosa</taxonomicName>
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, no dorsal setae present. Basal flange of pronotum well-developed in males; apex of this flange oblique or slightly curved. Pronotal surface markedly shining, with scattered small round punctures. Scutellum as in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia thoracica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracica">Anthia thoracica</taxonomicName>
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. Elytra broad, ovate and somewhat more flattened than in other sympatric
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anthia</taxonomicName>
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species. Elytral sculpture and vestiture as in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia thoracica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracica">Anthia thoracica</taxonomicName>
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. Femora, tibiae, and tarsi as in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia maxillosa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosa">Anthia maxillosa</taxonomicName>
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<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="57" start="start">.</pageBreakToken>
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Mesotibiae distinctly broadened at apex in both sexes, with a patch of short reddish setae on expanded portion.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="57">
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Abdomen as in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia maxillosa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosa">Anthia maxillosa</taxonomicName>
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. Abdominal sternum VII rounded but with a small shallow notch at tip in male, broadly rounded in female. Male aedeagus elongate, slender (Figure 30).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="10" pageNumber="57">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="57">
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Figures 18-27. Three adult males (18-20) and two adult females (21-22) of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia cinctipennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinctipennis">Anthia cinctipennis</taxonomicName>
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Lequien, showing variation in male mandible length, in the size of the pronotal flanges in males, and in body size in both sexes. 18 male, Cullinan, Gauteng Province, RSA, NMNH 19 male, Cradock, Eastern Cape Province, RSA, NMNH 20 male, Nauwkluft, Namibia, TMSA 21 female, Grahamstown, Eastern Cape Province, RSA, NMNH 22 female, Langjan Nature Reserve, Limpopo Province, RSA, TMSA. Three adult male (23-25) and two adult females (26-27) of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia circumscripta" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumscripta">Anthia circumscripta</taxonomicName>
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Klug, showing variation in male mandible length, in the size of the pronotal flanges in males, and in body size in both sexes. 23 male, Rehoboth, Namibia, TMSA 24, male, Namib Desert, Namibia, TMSA 25 male, Zimbabwe, NMNH 26 Namib Desert, Namibia, TMSA 27 Ganab, Namibia, NMNH.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="57" type="variation">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Variation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Males exhibit considerable variation in the size and length of mandibles and in the size of the basal flange on the pronotum (Figures 18-20). Females also exhibit some variability in overall body size (Figure 21-22).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="57" type="adult activity patterns">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Adult activity patterns</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Bimodal (Figure 38), with an activity peak from September-January in central and northeastern RSA (Free State, Gauteng, Limpopo, and Mpumalanga Provinces) and another, smaller activity peak in July in the Kalahari Gemsbok Park and other areas in Northern Cape Province.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Material Examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">
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131 pinned adult specimens from the following localities: Republic of South Africa: Eastern Cape Province: Cradock, Graaff Reinet, Grahamstown, 14 miles E Middelburg. Free State Province: Bothaville, Reddersburg, Smithfield. Gauteng Province: Bronkhorstspruit, Cullinan, Johannesburg, Pretoria, Rhenosterpoort, Valhalla, Zoutpan Pta. KwaZulu-Natal Province: Elandskraal, "E. Zululand." Limpopo Province: Dzombo Plots, Gravelotte, Grootdraai, Langjan Nature Reserve, Louis Trichardt, Messina, Nyandu Sandveld, Nylsvley, Penge, 20-26 km NE of Pietersburg, Pietersburg, Shilouvane, Warm Baths, Woodbush, Zoutpansberg. Mpumalanga Province: Barberton, Loskop, Lydenburg,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Pilgrim’s">Pilgrim's</normalizedToken>
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Rest, Satara, Skukuza, Waterval, Waterval Pass. Northern Cape Province: Kimberley, Marydale, Richmond, 47 miles N
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<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="58" start="start">of</pageBreakToken>
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van Rhynsdorp, Kalahari Gemsbok Park: Farm Mara, 25 km S of Mata Mata, Mata Mata, Twee Rivieren. [Additional material was examined from Botswana, Mozambique, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe.]
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |