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<document id="32BAC1AEFC80B6B00BDB6E4E99CB5552" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.177176" ID-GBIF-Dataset="33243647-c185-492c-8efd-d4eaae734e76" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="177176" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459852392732" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hodgson, Chris, Gamper, Heather, Bogo, Amauri &amp; Watson, Gillian" docDate="2007" docId="900A87FCFFF1FFCCFF37F9543B97AE3E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01507p055.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1507" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Stigmacoccus asper Hempel" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="17" masterDocId="6C33FF84FFFFFFDCFFA0FFFE3A2DA86C" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic review of the Margarodoid genus Stigmacoccus Hempel (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Stigmacoccidae), with some details on their biology" masterLastPageNumber="55" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1698225463060" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="B1666485F5CD47EBDE1AD54C2AB7EE16">A taxonomic review of the Margarodoid genus Stigmacoccus Hempel (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Stigmacoccidae), with some details on their biology</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5B7B7690CC8BA51E15AE502488F336E8">Hodgson, Chris</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C6127639019DA6A4C3476463DAC94C33">Gamper, Heather</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="25A9EF8759C00463AAE1ED0330147511">Bogo, Amauri</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="4FBB7C45EA072F10F3F502434AFB5C80">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="89D31671C81E47765F4D3C032439839C">Watson, Gillian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9151D1F350F80892DDE784980175577B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E652F89625B8A51ED59F5E9DA8B48CFD">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="332EB81E895307678F5046645128C95A">1507</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="CF1E933598E31BA745CEFA739F5307BA" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.177176</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="253A47897953FB2C0CD93C5E05C12B0C" type="Zenodo-Dep">177176</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="900A87FCFFF1FFCCFF37F9543B97AE3E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6237303" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119362647" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6237303" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:900A87FCFFF1FFCCFF37F9543B97AE3E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/900A87FCFFF1FFCCFF37F9543B97AE3E" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<subSubSection id="50B96561FFF1FFD2FF37F9543AC3AE8B" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="181C36EAFFF1FFD2FF37F9543BC0AEA8" blockId="14.[151,493,1706,1767]" box="[151,493,1706,1732]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<heading id="43548186FFF1FFD2FF37F9543BC0AEA8" bold="true" box="[151,493,1706,1732]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="DFA34D69FFF1FFD2FF37F9543BC0AEA8" ID-CoL="52KQW" authority="Hempel" authorityName="Hempel" box="[151,493,1706,1732]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Stigmacoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asper">
<emphasis id="2AD7EAF8FFF1FFD2FF37F9543BC0AEA8" bold="true" box="[151,493,1706,1732]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="2AD7EAF8FFF1FFD2FF37F9543BA9AEA8" bold="true" box="[151,388,1706,1732]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Stigmacoccus asper</emphasis>
Hempel
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="181C36EAFFF1FFD2FF37F9333AC3AE8B" blockId="14.[151,493,1706,1767]" box="[151,238,1741,1767]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
(
<figureCitation id="80982A6FFFF1FFD2FF3FF9333AC8AE8B" box="[159,229,1741,1767]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,255,1859,1883]" captionTargetBox="[290,1334,385,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[268,1342,362,1840]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Cyst stage of Stigmacoccus asper Hempel. On this and Figs 6 10: A = dermal spines; B = hairs and hair-like setae; C = bollard-like spines; D = anal complex; E = portion of dorsal derm; F = bilocular pore; G = tubular pore; H = cone-like spine; J = spine-like seta; K = spur-like hairs near antennae; M = anal tube; N = portion of ventral derm; P = minute seta; Q = thoracic spiracle; R = small convex pores near antennae; T = antenna; U = abdominal spiracle; V = minute sclerotised pore; W = dermal reticulation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177181/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="50B96561FFF1FFCCFF37F8E33B1BABBE" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="181C36EAFFF1FFD2FF37F8E33BFBAFEB" blockId="14.[151,1437,1821,2007]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="2AD7EAF8FFF1FFD2FF37F8E33922AF5B" bold="true" box="[151,783,1821,1847]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Material studied.
<typeStatus id="C7188848FFF1FFD2FED8F8E338BDAF5B" box="[376,656,1821,1847]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="paralectotype">PARALECTOTYPES</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry id="60B4767AFFF1FFD2FD3FF8E33922AF5B" box="[671,783,1821,1847]" name="Brazil" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
, Pirassununga, on
<taxonomicName id="DFA34D69FFF1FFD2FC53F8E33E04AF5A" box="[1011,1065,1821,1846]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Inga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2AD7EAF8FFF1FFD2FC53F8E33E04AF5A" box="[1011,1065,1821,1846]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Inga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<taxonomicName id="DFA34D69FFF1FFD2FBC4F8E33EFAAF5B" box="[1124,1239,1821,1847]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<date id="6C1D102AFFF1FFD2FB4DF8E33FBAAF5B" box="[1261,1431,1821,1847]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1900-04-28">28 April 1900</date>
, Hempel #17 (
<collectionCode id="7EB2AE2FFFF1FFD2FE9BF8BB3BBAAF33" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[315,407,1861,1887]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USNM</collectionCode>
): 3/4 cysts, all one size, in fair to good condition; also
<collectionCode id="7EB2AE2FFFF1FFD2FB90F8BB3EABAF33" box="[1072,1158,1861,1887]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kd99-229r" name="R. M. Bohart Museum of Entomology" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">UCDC</collectionCode>
: 2/2 cysts, one in good condition, other very poor.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="181C36EAFFF1FFD3FF66F86B3E0AA93E" blockId="14.[151,1437,1821,2007]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1436,151,338]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="2AD7EAF8FFF1FFD2FF66F86B3810AFC3" bold="true" box="[198,573,1941,1967]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Other material.
<collectingCountry id="60B4767AFFF1FFD2FE37F86B3810AFC3" box="[407,573,1941,1967]" name="Colombia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
, Villavicencio, on
<taxonomicName id="DFA34D69FFF1FFD2FC85F86B3976AFC2" box="[805,859,1941,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Inga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2AD7EAF8FFF1FFD2FC85F86B3976AFC2" box="[805,859,1941,1966]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Inga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., 1972, Friedmann and Koster (
<collectionCode id="7EB2AE2FFFF1FFD2FAA4F86B3F4DAFC3" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1284,1376,1941,1967]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USNM</collectionCode>
): 3/5 cysts, all one size, in fair to good condition; also Blonay, on
<taxonomicName id="DFA34D69FFF1FFD2FCD7F8433980AFBA" box="[887,941,1981,2006]" class="Insecta" family="Oecophoridae" genus="Inga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2AD7EAF8FFF1FFD2FCD7F8433980AFBA" box="[887,941,1981,2006]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Inga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<date id="6C1D102AFFF1FFD2FC49F8433EBFAFBB" box="[1001,1170,1981,2007]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1936-09-14">Sept. 14 1936</date>
, Fr. René-Paul Robd., (
<collectionCode id="7EB2AE2FFFF0FFD3FF3FFF663AD5A8DE" box="[159,248,152,178]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kd99-229r" name="R. M. Bohart Museum of Entomology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">UCDC</collectionCode>
): 1/
<quantity id="DF5B9B0FFFF0FFD3FE81FF663B7DA8DE" box="[289,336,152,178]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
fair to good condition.
<emphasis id="2AD7EAF8FFF0FFD3FDC7FF6938C8A8DD" bold="true" box="[615,741,151,177]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<collectingCountry id="60B4767AFFF0FFD3FDC7FF6938C8A8DD" box="[615,741,151,177]" name="Guyana" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">GUYANA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="60B4767AFFF0FFD3FD55FF66398AA8DE" box="[757,935,152,178]" name="Guyana" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">British Guiana</collectingCountry>
), Kartabo, no host,
<date id="6C1D102AFFF0FFD3FB2FFF663F60A8DE" box="[1167,1357,152,178]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1920-07" valueMax="1920-08-31" valueMin="1920-07-00">JulyAug. 1920</date>
, W.M. Wheeler (
<collectionCode id="7EB2AE2FFFF0FFD3FEAAFF3E3B44A8B6" box="[266,361,192,218]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/2 cysts in good condition, but spines very sparse; also no collection data apart from coll. W.H. Wheeler (
<collectionCode id="7EB2AE2FFFF0FFD3FEEEFF163B86A96E" box="[334,427,232,258]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">BMNH</collectionCode>
, ex
<collectingCountry id="60B4767AFFF0FFD3FE79FF163BD2A96E" box="[473,511,232,258]" name="United States of America" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">US</collectingCountry>
Bur. Entom., EEG 1b/34 No. 21): 1/1 fair but spine distribution normal.
<emphasis id="2AD7EAF8FFF0FFD3FAF4FF193B3DA945" bold="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">VEN- EZUELA</emphasis>
, Maracay, on
<taxonomicName id="DFA34D69FFF0FFD3FE6EFEEE389DA946" authority="Dec." authorityName="Dec." box="[462,688,272,298]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Cassia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alao">
<emphasis id="2AD7EAF8FFF0FFD3FE6EFEEE384CA945" box="[462,609,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Cassia alao</emphasis>
, Dec.
</taxonomicName>
21 1938, C.H. Ballou (
<collectionCode id="7EB2AE2FFFF0FFD3FC4AFEEE3E6BA946" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1002,1094,272,298]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">USNM</collectionCode>
): 2/2 good; also as above,
<date id="6C1D102AFFF0FFD3FF37FEC63B35A93E" box="[151,280,312,338]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1962-08-04">4.viii.1962</date>
, M.J. Way (
<collectionCode id="7EB2AE2FFFF0FFD3FE05FEC63829A93E" box="[421,516,312,338]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/1 cyst in fair condition + 1 very poor adult.
</paragraph>
<caption id="4CDC6662FFF0FFD3FF37F8BD3888AF9E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177181/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" targetBox="[290,1334,385,1828]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="181C36EAFFF0FFD3FF37F8BD3888AF9E" blockId="15.[151,1436,1859,2034]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="2AD7EAF8FFF0FFD3FF37F8BD3B34AF37" bold="true" box="[151,281,1859,1883]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Cyst stage of
<taxonomicName id="DFA34D69FFF0FFD3FE0FF8BA3924AF37" authority="Hempel. On" authorityName="Hempel. On" box="[431,777,1860,1883]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Stigmacoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asper">
<emphasis id="2AD7EAF8FFF0FFD3FE0FF8BA38AFAF37" box="[431,642,1860,1883]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Stigmacoccus asper</emphasis>
Hempel. On
</taxonomicName>
this and Figs 610: A = dermal spines; B = hairs and hair-like setae; C = bollard-like spines; D = anal complex; E = portion of dorsal derm; F = bilocular pore; G = tubular pore; H = cone-like spine; J = spine-like seta; K = spur-like hairs near antennae; M = anal tube; N = portion of ventral derm; P = minute seta; Q = thoracic spiracle; R = small convex pores near antennae; T = antenna; U = abdominal spiracle; V = minute sclerotised pore; W = dermal reticulation.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="181C36EAFFEFFFCCFF66FF693864A8DE" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1618]" box="[198,585,151,178]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="2AD7EAF8FFEFFFCCFF66FF693BE1A8DD" bold="true" box="[198,460,151,177]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Unmounted material</emphasis>
. Not seen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="181C36EAFFEFFFCCFF66FF413F7DA8B6" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1618]" box="[198,1360,191,218]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="2AD7EAF8FFEFFFCCFF66FF413B9DA8B5" bold="true" box="[198,432,191,217]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Mounted material.</emphasis>
All apparently of one size category, despite large size range: length
<quantity id="DF5B9B0FFFEFFFCCFB71FF3E3F61A8B6" box="[1233,1356,192,218]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="3.75" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="2.0">25.5 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="181C36EAFFEFFFCCFF66FF193B1BABBE" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1618]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="2AD7EAF8FFEFFFCCFF66FF193B06A96D" bold="true" box="[198,299,231,257]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Dorsum</emphasis>
. Derm covered in abundant spines throughout except medially on head and pro- and mesothorax where absent (all spines rather sparse on material from Kartabo,
<collectingCountry id="60B4767AFFEFFFCCFC2DFEEE39C0A946" box="[909,1005,272,298]" name="Guyana" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Guyana</collectingCountry>
); each spine 2335 ųm long, longest posteriorly, shortest anteriorly. Each abdominal spiracle surrounded by rounded bollard-like spines, each 812 ųm wide, as follows: segment
<date id="6C1D102AFFEFFFCCFE5EFE9E3806A916" box="[510,555,352,378]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1980-01">I 80</date>
90 (Kartabo,
<collectingCountry id="60B4767AFFEFFFCCFD77FE9E391FA916" box="[727,818,352,378]" name="Guyana" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Guyana</collectingCountry>
140);
<date id="6C1D102AFFEFFFCCFCDFFE9E399AA916" box="[895,951,352,378]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1990-02">II 90</date>
120 (Kartabo,
<collectingCountry id="60B4767AFFEFFFCCFBCFFE9E3EE7A916" box="[1135,1226,352,378]" name="Guyana" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Guyana</collectingCountry>
140);
<date id="6C1D102AFFEFFFCCFAB7FE9E3F77A916" box="[1303,1370,352,378]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1980-03">III 80</date>
120;
<date id="6C1D102AFFEFFFCCFF37FE763AF1A9CE" box="[151,220,392,418]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1970-04">IV 70</date>
120;
<date id="6C1D102AFFEFFFCCFE84FE763B73A9CE" box="[292,350,392,418]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1950-05">V 50</date>
75 (Kartabo,
<collectingCountry id="60B4767AFFEFFFCCFDA9FE763849A9CE" box="[521,612,392,418]" name="Guyana" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Guyana</collectingCountry>
90);
<date id="6C1D102AFFEFFFCCFD02FE76393CA9CE" box="[674,785,392,418]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1945-06-25">VI 2545</date>
(Kartabo,
<collectingCountry id="60B4767AFFEFFFCCFC30FE7639C6A9CE" box="[912,1003,392,418]" name="Guyana" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Guyana</collectingCountry>
60);
<date id="6C1D102AFFEFFFCCFB89FE763EB9A9CE" box="[1065,1172,392,418]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1910-07-01">VII 110</date>
(Kartabo,
<collectingCountry id="60B4767AFFEFFFCCFAB2FE763F40A9CE" box="[1298,1389,392,418]" name="Guyana" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Guyana</collectingCountry>
55) and VIII 0. Setae: (i) hairs each 1620 ųm long: sparse; (ii) hair-like setae not noted; (iii) minute setae: setose and spinose setae both 68 ųm long; both
<typeStatus id="C7188848FFEFFFCCFD3CFE2638F7A99E" box="[668,730,472,498]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">types</typeStatus>
common. Pores: (i) bilocular pores, each about 1113 ųm wide and 1115 ųm long; in a shallow depression; sparse throughout but mainly in intersegmental membranes on abdomen; and (ii) tubular pores, each 1315 ųm deep, 79 ųm wide; 2 or 3 times as abundant as bilocular pores, sparsest in areas with spines, not restricted to intersegmental membranes on abdomen. Abdominal spiracles: outer atrium: 3345 ųm long, 4555 ųm wide, each with a single row of pores at distal end; opening 3045 ųm wide; central atrium: 4045 long, 5360 ųm wide; inner atrium with a sclerotised &quot;plug-like&quot; structure about 1418 ųm long. Anal area: (i) anal opening 8090 ųm wide, with 1725 pores near outer margin; (ii) band of tubercle-like pores 5 or 6 pores deep, outer diameter 165210 ųm; with abdominal spiracles VIII lying laterad to band of tubercles, each often lying within (iii) a further band of larger rounded bollard-like spines, outer diameter of band about 250310 ųm (
<typeStatus id="C7188848FFEFFFCCFD4DFCBE3904AB36" box="[749,809,832,858]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
material) (about 310350 on Colombian and
<collectingCountry id="60B4767AFFEFFFCCFAE0FCBE3FB6AB36" box="[1344,1435,832,858]" name="Guyana" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Guyana</collectingCountry>
material); band of bollard-like spines broad but not always quite surrounding spiracles. Anal tube: (a) outer tube about 200210 ųm long, about 75 ųm wide, and (b) a distal ring of 8 finger-like extensions, each 200 230 ųm long.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="50B96561FFEFFFCCFF66FC213EE8AD7E" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
<paragraph id="181C36EAFFEFFFCCFF66FC213EE8AD7E" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1618]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="2AD7EAF8FFEFFFCCFF66FC213B3AAB95" bold="true" box="[198,279,991,1017]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Venter</emphasis>
. Distribution of spines similar to that on dorsum, covering all of abdomen and most of thorax (rather sparse on material from
<collectingCountry id="60B4767AFFEFFFCCFDADFBF63840AC4E" box="[525,621,1032,1058]" name="Guyana" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Guyana</collectingCountry>
); absent from head. Pore and setal distribution similar to that on dorsum, but with 35 spinose setae near each thoracic spiracle + a few other setae. Antennae: 2033 ųm wide; each with 13 spur-like hairs (each about 25 ųm long) and 13 small pores on derm near margin; each pore rather unevenly rounded and 36 ųm wide. Clypeolabral shield 410500 ųm long; labium 270330 ųm long, either pointing anteriorly or laterally. Thoracic spiracles: peritreme width 5770 ųm, with 34 complete rings of pores (perhaps 80?); length of muscle plate + peritreme 165210 ųm; each spiracle with a rather elongate group of 170200 rounded bollard-like spines, similar to those around abdominal spiracles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="50B96561FFEFFFCCFF66FAE13B97AE3E" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="181C36EAFFEFFFCCFF66FAE139A1ADB6" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1618]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="2AD7EAF8FFEFFFCCFF66FAE13B64AD55" bold="true" box="[198,329,1311,1337]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Comment.</emphasis>
The cysts of
<taxonomicName id="DFA34D69FFEFFFCCFE49FADE386AAD55" box="[489,583,1312,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Stigmacoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asper">
<emphasis id="2AD7EAF8FFEFFFCCFE49FADE386AAD55" box="[489,583,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. asper</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are characterised by the presence of: (i) dense spines with distinct intersegmental areas, (ii) many rounded bollard-like spines associated with each thoracic and abdominal spiracle, (iii) a broad outer band of rounded bollard-like spines around the anal opening, often broad enough to surround abdominal spiracles VIII; (iv) the presence of hairs and pores near each antenna, and (v) the peritreme of each thoracic spiracle with 3 or more complete rings of pores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="181C36EAFFEFFFCCFF66FA163B97AE3E" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1618]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
The material from
<collectingCountry id="60B4767AFFEFFFCCFE02FA163BD0AE6E" box="[418,509,1512,1538]" name="Guyana" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Guyana</collectingCountry>
is here considered to be
<taxonomicName id="DFA34D69FFEFFFCCFCBFFA163950AE6D" box="[799,893,1512,1537]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Stigmacoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asper">
<emphasis id="2AD7EAF8FFEFFFCCFCBFFA163950AE6D" box="[799,893,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. asper</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as it agrees closely with the above description apart from (i) the dermal spines being much sparser, and (ii) the rather larger number of rounded spines near each abdominal spiracle.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>