plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/7C/87/17/7C871719323051E2B0B9D8B017C0B3E7.xml
maintenance 059f2cc034 added 7C
2024-06-21 12:41:26 +02:00

384 lines
28 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1113-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="EB46BF265F2E51B3A83799886C5F084A" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1113-1" checkinTime="1658252710949" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bribiesca-Contreras, Guadalupe, Dahlgren, Thomas G., Amon, Diva J., Cairns, Stephen, Drennan, Regan, Durden, Jennifer M., Eleaume, Marc P., Hosie, Andrew M., Kremenetskaia, Antonina, McQuaid, Kirsty, O'Hara, Timothy D., Rabone, Muriel, Simon-Lledo, Erik, Smith, Craig R., Watling, Les, Wiklund, Helena &amp; Glover, Adrian G." docDate="2022" docId="7C871719323051E2B0B9D8B017C0B3E7" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1113: 1-110" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1113" docPubDate="2022-07-18" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172" docTitle="Freyastera stet. CCZ _ 201" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="EB46BF265F2E51B3A83799886C5F084A" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="EB46BF265F2E51B3A83799886C5F084A" masterDocTitle="Benthic megafauna of the western Clarion-Clipperton Zone, Pacific Ocean" masterLastPageNumber="110" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1658253014331" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Benthic megafauna of the western Clarion-Clipperton Zone, Pacific Ocean</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Bribiesca-Contreras, Guadalupe</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8163-8724</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Life Sciences Department, Natural History Museum, London, UK</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">l.bribiesca-contreras@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Dahlgren, Thomas G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6854-2031</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden &amp; Norwegian Research Centre, NORCE, Bergen, Norway</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Amon, Diva J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>SpeSeas, D'Abadie, Trinidad and Tobago</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Cairns, Stephen</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7209-9271</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C., USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Drennan, Regan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0137-5464</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Durden, Jennifer M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6529-9109</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>UMR ISYEB, Department Origines et Evolution, Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Eleaume, Marc P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Collections &amp; Research, Western Australia Museum, Perth, Australia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hosie, Andrew M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5683-662X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kremenetskaia, Antonina</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8851-3318</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>McQuaid, Kirsty</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0395-8332</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Museums Victoria, Melbourne, Australia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>O'Hara, Timothy D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Rabone, Muriel</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8351-2313</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Simon-Lledo, Erik</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>UMR ISYEB, Department Origines et Evolution, Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Smith, Craig R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3976-0889</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Watling, Les</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6901-1168</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wiklund, Helena</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8252-3504</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Glover, Adrian G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9489-074X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-07-18</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1113</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>110</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1113-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">EB46BF265F2E51B3A83799886C5F084A</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7C871719323051E2B0B9D8B017C0B3E7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7C871719323051E2B0B9D8B017C0B3E7" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName LSID="7C871719-3230-51E2-B0B9-D8B017C0B3E7" authority="stet. CCZ _ 201" authorityName="stet. CCZ _ 201" class="Crinoidea" family="Freyellidae" genus="Freyastera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Freyastera" order="Brisingida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Freyastera stet. CCZ_201</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Freyastera stet. CCZ _ 201 A in situ image B whole specimen C dorsal disc surface D ventral disc surface. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 2 mm (B); 1 cm (C); 2 mm (D). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716352" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="ON400730" collectingDate="2018-06-10" collectorName="Smith, Durden, GenBank, Voucher" elevation="5204" latitude="11.2518" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-153.6059" specimenCount="1">
Clarion-Clipperton Zone •
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
; APEI 1;
<geoCoordinate degrees="11.2518" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="11.2518">11.2518°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="153.6059" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-153.6059">153.6059°W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.204" unit="m" value="5204.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.204" unit="m" value="5204.0">5204 m</elevation>
</quantity>
deep;
<collectingDate value="2018-06-10">10 Jun. 2018</collectingDate>
;
<collectorName>Smith</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>Durden</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectorName>GenBank</collectorName>
:
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/ON400730">ON400730</accessionNumber>
(COI); NHMUK 2022.81;
<collectorName>Voucher</collectorName>
code: CCZ_201
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comparative material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" country="Cape Verde" county="Challenger Expedition" elevation="4663" latitude="-2.7" location="Ascencion Islands" longLatPrecision="5555" longitude="-14.6833" municipality="Islands" specimenCount="3" typeStatus="holotype">
Pacific Ocean •
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
,
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" class="Asteroidea" family="Freyellidae" genus="Freyella" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Freyella benthophila" order="Brisingida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="benthophila">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Freyella benthophila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Sladen, 1889; mid-South Pacific;
<geoCoordinate degrees="39.6833" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-39.6833">39.6833°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="131.3833" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-131.3833">131.3833°W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.663" unit="m" value="4663.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.663" unit="m" value="4663.0">4663 m</elevation>
</quantity>
deep; Challenger Expedition, Stn. 289; NHMUK 1890.5.7.1078. Atlantic Ocean •
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
,
<typeStatus>syntype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" class="Asteroidea" family="Freyellidae" genus="Freyella" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Freyella tuberculata" order="Brisingida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tuberculata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Freyella tuberculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Sladen, 1889; between west coast of Africa and
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7C871719323051E2B0B9D8B017C0B3E7:A525919128F89ED067D657D66D6872F5" country="Cape Verde" county="Challenger Expedition" latitude="-2.7" longLatPrecision="5555" longitude="-14.6833" municipality="Islands" name="Ascencion Islands">Ascencion Islands</location>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5555" value="22.3">22.3°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.0333" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-22.0333">22.0333°W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.389" unit="m" value="4389.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.389" unit="m" value="4389.0">4389 m</elevation>
</quantity>
deep; Challenger Expedition, Stn. 346; NHMUK 1890.5.7.1077. •
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
,
<typeStatus>syntype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" class="Asteroidea" family="Freyellidae" genus="Freyella" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Freyella tuberculata" order="Brisingida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tuberculata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Freyella tuberculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; between
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7C871719323051E2B0B9D8B017C0B3E7:BC3F17E455562E41DABE5E4E62D237D9" country="Cape Verde" county="Challenger Expedition" latitude="-2.7" longLatPrecision="5555" longitude="-14.6833" municipality="Islands" name="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</location>
and
<collectingCountry name="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
<collectingMunicipality>Islands</collectingMunicipality>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="2.7" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5555" value="-2.7">2.7°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="14.6833" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-14.6833">14.6833°W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.298" unit="m" value="4298.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.298" unit="m" value="4298.0">4298 m</elevation>
</quantity>
deep;
<collectingCounty>Challenger Expedition</collectingCounty>
, Stn. 89; NHMUK 1890.5.7.1076
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Single specimen, with very small disc and six long, slender, tapered arms (R = 190 mm, r = 5 mm; Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Freyastera stet. CCZ _ 201 A in situ image B whole specimen C dorsal disc surface D ventral disc surface. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 2 mm (B); 1 cm (C); 2 mm (D). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716352" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26A</figureCitation>
). Specimen before preservation has a slightly orange adoral disc surface, white arms, and bright orange tube feet discs (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Freyastera stet. CCZ _ 201 A in situ image B whole specimen C dorsal disc surface D ventral disc surface. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 2 mm (B); 1 cm (C); 2 mm (D). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716352" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26A-D</figureCitation>
). Disc is somewhat rounded, covered with short, scattered spines covered by a membrane bearing pedicellariae (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Freyastera stet. CCZ _ 201 A in situ image B whole specimen C dorsal disc surface D ventral disc surface. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 2 mm (B); 1 cm (C); 2 mm (D). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716352" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26B</figureCitation>
). Arms with long, slender lateral spines, also covered with a membrane bearing pedicellariae (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Freyastera stet. CCZ _ 201 A in situ image B whole specimen C dorsal disc surface D ventral disc surface. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 2 mm (B); 1 cm (C); 2 mm (D). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716352" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26C</figureCitation>
). Each abactinal plate on the genital area bears a one to few spinelets, completely covered with a membrane with pedicellariae. Each mouth plate has two oral spines covered by a clear membrane bearing pedicellariae; one located on the adoral margin of the mouth plate and the suboral spine located above the centre of the mouth plate.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716352" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 26" startId="F26">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 26.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Crinoidea" family="Freyellidae" genus="Freyastera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Freyastera" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Freyastera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stet. CCZ_201
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
in situ image
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
whole specimen
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
dorsal disc surface
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
ventral disc surface. Scale bars: 2 cm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
); 2 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
); 1 cm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
); 2 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B-D</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The COI sequence is 4% divergent from the two specimens of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Sladen" baseAuthorityYear="1889" class="Crinoidea" family="Freyellidae" genus="Freyastera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Freyastera tuberculata" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tuberculata">Freyastera cf. tuberculata</taxonomicName>
reported herein, and hence considered a separate species. It is also divergent (&gt; 4% K2P distance) to sequences of other species of
<taxonomicName class="Crinoidea" family="Freyellidae" genus="Freyastera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Freyastera" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Freyastera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but forms a monophyletic clade with those, confirming its placement within the genus (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Rooted Bayesian phylogeny of Asteroidea. Concatenated (12 S, 16 S, 18 S, COI, and H 3) median consensus BEAST tree with posterior probability (PP) and bootstrap (BS) values indicated. Only values of PP&gt; 0.70 and BS&gt; 50 are shown, with values of PP&gt; 0.95 and BS&gt; 90 indicated with a circle. Nodes not recovered on the RAxML tree are indicated with a hyphen. Sequences generated in this study are highlighted in violet." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716350" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">24</figureCitation>
). Morphologically it resembles
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Sladen" baseAuthorityYear="1889" class="Crinoidea" family="Freyellidae" genus="Freyastera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Freyastera tuberculata" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tuberculata">Freyastera cf. tuberculata</taxonomicName>
, but differ in having slightly shorter and more scattered spinelets on the abactinal surface of the disc. Also, the spinelets on the abactinal plates on the genital area are more numerous, and completely covered by a membrane bearing pedicellariae, instead of having a membrane that does not cover the spine all the way down to the base as in
<taxonomicName genus="F." lsidName="F. tuberculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tuberculata">F. cf. tuberculata</taxonomicName>
. In addition, the genetic distance with specimens of that species corresponds to the genetic distance between morphologically distinct species and hence considered a separate species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The specimen was collected on the sedimented abyssal plain of APEI 1 at 5204 m depth, with arms curled up like a basket (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Freyastera stet. CCZ _ 201 A in situ image B whole specimen C dorsal disc surface D ventral disc surface. Scale bars: 2 cm (A); 2 mm (B); 1 cm (C); 2 mm (D). Image attribution: Durden and Smith (A); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid (B-D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/716352" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="comparisons">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comparison with image-based catalogue.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Crinoidea" family="Freyellidae" genus="Freyastera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Freyastera" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Freyastera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. are commonly found in image-based megafauna assessments across the CCZ (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1038/srep30492" author="Amon, DJ" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 12" refId="B4" refString="Amon, DJ, Ziegler, AF, Dahlgren, TG, Glover, AG, Goineau, A, Gooday, AJ, Wiklund, H, Smith, CR, 2016. Insights into the abundance and diversity of abyssal megafauna in a polymetallic-nodule region in the eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone. Scientific Reports 6 (1): 1 - 12, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/srep30492" title="Insights into the abundance and diversity of abyssal megafauna in a polymetallic-nodule region in the eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone." url="https://doi.org/10.1038/srep30492" volume="6" year="2016">Amon et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e11794" author="Amon, DJ" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B6" refString="Amon, DJ, Ziegler, AF, Kremenetskaia, A, Mah, CL, Mooi, R, O'Hara, T, Pawson, DL, Roux, M, Smith, CR, 2017b. Megafauna of the UKSRL exploration contract area and eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone in the Pacific Ocean: Echinodermata. Biodiversity Data Journal 11794: e11794. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e11794" title="Megafauna of the UKSRL exploration contract area and eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone in the Pacific Ocean: Echinodermata. Biodiversity Data Journal 11794: e 11794." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e11794" year="2017 b">Amon et al. 2017b</bibRefCitation>
), abyssal areas of the Kiribati EEZ, and other areas of the Pacific abyss (e.g., Peru Basin:
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-44492-w" author="Simon-Lledo, E" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 13" refId="B84" refString="Simon-Lledo, E, Bett, BJ, Huvenne, VAI, Koser, K, Schoening, T, Greinert, J, Jones, DOB, 2019a. Biological effects 26 years after simulated deep-sea mining. Scientific Reports 9 (1): 1 - 13, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-44492-w" title="Biological effects 26 years after simulated deep-sea mining." url="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-44492-w" volume="9" year="2019 a">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Simon-Lledó">Simon-Lledo</normalizedToken>
et al. 2019a
</bibRefCitation>
), both in nodule fields and in seamount areas. The relatively large size of adult specimens facilitates the detection of these brisingids even upon imagery collected at high altitudes (&gt; 5 m) above the seabed. However, only one
<taxonomicName class="Crinoidea" family="Freyellidae" genus="Freyastera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Freyastera" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Freyastera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. morphotype (e.g.,
<taxonomicName class="Crinoidea" family="Freyellidae" genus="Freyastera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Freyastera" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Freyastera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. indet., AST_002) has been catalogued so far, as differences in structure of the abactinal armament and/or the suboral spines are not visible from seabed images.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Order
<taxonomicName class="Crinoidea" family="Freyellidae" genus="Freyastera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="order">Forcipulatida</taxonomicName>
Perrier, 1884
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Family
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" class="Asteroidea" family="Zoroasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Zoroasteridae</taxonomicName>
Sladen, 1889
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink