415 lines
49 KiB
XML
415 lines
49 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="F859BEBC52B4BCCEA96370DE0D2D023C">Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="47423D344523FF83E2E4D2E012DB791B">Cicimurri, David J.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="18174D41FFB2FF96FDDF9AA549450BDF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3664542" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162073079" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3664542" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:18174D41FFB2FF96FDDF9AA549450BDF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/18174D41FFB2FF96FDDF9AA549450BDF" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
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<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFFB2FF98FDDF9AA549510A9B" box="[537,1050,1425,1452]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9001FC57FFB2FF98FDDF9AA549510A9B" blockId="55.[537,1050,1425,1488]" box="[537,1050,1425,1452]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
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<heading id="CB494B3BFFB2FF98FDDF9AA549510A9B" box="[537,1050,1425,1452]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFB2FF98FDDF9AA549510A9B" authority="(Leriche, 1905)" baseAuthorityName="Leriche" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[537,1050,1425,1452]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamiostomatidae" genus="Macrorhizodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praecursor">
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<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFB2FF98FDDF9AA54E160A9C" bold="true" box="[537,861,1425,1452]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Macrorhizodus praecursor</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFB2FF98FCAA9AA549590A9B" author="Leriche M." box="[876,1042,1425,1452]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="49 - 228" refId="ref144901" refString="Leriche M. 1905. Les poissons eocenes de la Belgique. Memoires du Musee royal d'Histoire naturelle de Belgique 3 (11): 49 - 228." type="journal article" year="1905">Leriche, 1905</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFFB2FF98FD369A814E080AE7" box="[752,835,1461,1488]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="description">
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<paragraph id="9001FC57FFB2FF98FD369A814E080AE7" blockId="55.[537,1050,1425,1488]" box="[752,835,1461,1488]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
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<figureCitation id="0885E0D2FFB2FF98FD369A814E080AE7" box="[752,835,1461,1488]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="56.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[190,1398,1039,1757]" captionTargetId="figure@56.[176,1410,1029,1775]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="Fig. 20. Macrorhizodus praecursor (Leriche, 1905), teeth. A–C. MSC 35759, anterior tooth, lower Tallahatta Formation. A. Labial view. B. Lingual view. C. Distal view. D–F. MSC 37174, anterolateral tooth, Tallahatta/Lisbon formation contact zone, courtesy of James Lowery. D. Labial view. E. Lingual view. F. Mesial view. G–I. MSC 37500, lateral tooth, Gosport Sand. G. Labial view. H. Lingual view. I. Mesial view. J–L. MSC 34585, anterior tooth, Gosport Sand. J. Labial view. K. Lingual view. L. Distal view. Scale bars = 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3660297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3660297/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFFB2FF98FF7B9ACC49740818" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="9001FC57FFB2FF98FF7B9ACC4E400924" blockId="55.[189,982,1528,1628]" box="[189,779,1528,1555]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="B0AEDB79FFB2FF98FF7B9ACC4E400924" box="[189,779,1528,1555]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFB2FF98FF7B9ACC4F020925" authority="Bassani, 1877: 80" authorityName="Bassani" authorityPageNumber="80" authorityYear="1877" box="[189,585,1528,1554]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamnidae" genus="Otodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lawleyi">
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<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFB2FF98FF7B9ACC4C250925" box="[189,366,1528,1554]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Otodus lawleyi</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="111FDA46FFB2FF98FEB39ACC4F020925" author="Bassani F." box="[373,585,1528,1554]" page="80" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" year="1877">
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<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFB2FF98FEB39ACC4F020925" author="Bassani F." box="[373,585,1528,1554]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="77 - 82" refId="ref136405" refString="Bassani F. 1877. Nuovi squalidi fossili. Atti della Societa Toscana di Scienze Naturali, Memoir 3: 77 - 82." type="journal article" year="1877">Bassani, 1877: 80</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
, pl. 11, figs 3–5.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9001FC57FFB2FF98FF7B99284FB80900" blockId="55.[189,982,1528,1628]" box="[189,755,1564,1591]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="B0AEDB79FFB2FF98FF7B99284FB80900" box="[189,755,1564,1591]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFB2FF98FF7B99284FA50900" authority="Leriche, 1905: 128" authorityName="Leriche" authorityPageNumber="128" authorityYear="1905" box="[189,750,1564,1591]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamnidae" genus="Oxyrhina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="desori" subSpecies="praecursor">
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<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFB2FF98FF7B99284F4E0901" box="[189,517,1564,1590]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Oxyrhina desori praecursor</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="111FDA46FFB2FF98FDCB99284FA50900" author="Leriche M." box="[525,750,1564,1591]" page="128" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" year="1905">
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<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFB2FF98FDCB99284FA50900" author="Leriche M." box="[525,750,1564,1591]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="49 - 228" refId="ref144901" refString="Leriche M. 1905. Les poissons eocenes de la Belgique. Memoires du Musee royal d'Histoire naturelle de Belgique 3 (11): 49 - 228." type="journal article" year="1905">Leriche, 1905: 128</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFB2FF98FF7B99754E9D096C" blockId="55.[189,982,1528,1628]" box="[189,982,1601,1628]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="B0AEDB79FFB2FF98FF7B99754E9D096C" box="[189,982,1601,1628]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFB2FF98FF7B99754E58096B" authority="Leriche, 1942: 45" authorityName="Leriche" authorityPageNumber="45" authorityYear="1942" box="[189,787,1601,1628]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamnidae" genus="Oxyrhina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="praecursor" subSpecies="americana">
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<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFB2FF98FF7B99754F72096C" box="[189,569,1601,1627]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Oxyrhina praecursor americana</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="111FDA46FFB2FF98FD8799754E58096B" author="Leriche M." box="[577,787,1601,1628]" page="45" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" year="1942">
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<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFB2FF98FD8799754E58096B" author="Leriche M." box="[577,787,1601,1628]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="1 - 110" refId="ref145078" refString="Leriche M. 1942. Contribution a l'etude des faunes ichthyologiques marines des terrains tertiaires de la Plaine cotiere atlantique et du centre des Etats-Unis. Les synchronismes des formations tertiaires des deux cotes de l'Atlantique. Memoires de la Societe geologique de France 45 (2 - 4): 1 - 110." type="journal article" year="1942">Leriche, 1942: 45</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
, pl. 3, figs 6–13.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFB2FF98FF7B99B04FF009A9" blockId="55.[189,1087,1668,1840]" box="[189,699,1668,1694]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="B0AEDB79FFB2FF98FF7B99B04FF009A9" box="[189,699,1668,1694]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFB2FF98FF7B99B04FF309A9" authority="- White 1931: 47" authorityName="White" authorityPageNumber="47" authorityYear="1931" box="[189,696,1668,1694]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamnidae" genus="Isurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="desori" subSpecies="praecursor">
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<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFB2FF98FF7B99B04CAB09AA" box="[189,480,1668,1694]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Isurus desori praecursor</emphasis>
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–
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<treatmentCitation id="111FDA46FFB2FF98FE3B99B04FF309A9" author="White E. I." box="[509,696,1668,1694]" page="47" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" year="1931">
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<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFB2FF98FE3B99B04FF309A9" author="White E. I." box="[509,696,1668,1694]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" refId="ref153891" refString="White E. I. 1931. The Vertebrate Faunas of the English Eocene: Vol. 1. From the Thanet Sands to the Basement Bed of the London Clay. British Museum (Natural History), London. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0016756800095820" type="book" year="1931">White 1931: 47</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9001FC57FFB2FF98FF7B999C4E0B09F5" blockId="55.[189,1087,1668,1840]" box="[189,832,1704,1731]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="B0AEDB79FFB2FF98FF7B999C4E0B09F5" box="[189,832,1704,1731]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFB2FF98FF7B999C4E7709F5" authority="- Zharkov et al. 1976: 132" authorityName="Zharkov" authorityPageNumber="132" authorityYear="1976" box="[189,828,1704,1731]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamiostomatidae" genus="Macrorhizodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praecursor">
|
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<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFB2FF98FF7B999C4CB309F5" box="[189,504,1704,1730]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Macrorhizodus praecursor</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="111FDA46FFB2FF98FDD0999C4E7709F5" author="Zharkov M. P. & Glikman L. S. & Kaplan A. A." box="[534,828,1704,1730]" page="132" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" year="1976">
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<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFB2FF98FDD0999C4E7709F5" author="Zharkov M. P. & Glikman L. S. & Kaplan A. A." box="[534,828,1704,1730]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="132 - 134" refId="ref154640" refString="Zharkov M. P., Glikman L. S. & Kaplan A. A. 1976. [On the age of the Paleogene of Kaliningrad region]. Proceedings of the USSR Academy of Science, Geological Series 1: 132 - 134. [In Russian.]" type="book chapter" year="1976">
|
||
Zharkov
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFB2FF98FD46999D4FF009F5" box="[640,699,1704,1730]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">et al.</emphasis>
|
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1976: 132
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
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.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFB2FF98FF7B99F94EAF09D0" blockId="55.[189,1087,1668,1840]" box="[189,996,1740,1767]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="B0AEDB79FFB2FF98FF7B99F94EAF09D0" box="[189,996,1740,1767]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
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<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFB2FF98FF7B99F94ECD09D0" authority="- Thurmond & Jones 1981: 55" authorityName="Thurmond & Jones" authorityPageNumber="55" authorityYear="1981" box="[189,902,1740,1767]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamnidae" genus="Isurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="praecursor" subSpecies="americana">
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||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFB2FF98FF7B99F94F5F09D1" box="[189,532,1741,1766]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Isurus praecursor americana</emphasis>
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||
–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="111FDA46FFB2FF98FDF499F84ECD09D0" author="Thurmond J. T. & Jones D. E." box="[562,902,1740,1767]" page="55" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" year="1981">
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<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFB2FF98FDF499F84ECD09D0" author="Thurmond J. T. & Jones D. E." box="[562,902,1740,1767]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" refId="ref152244" refString="Thurmond J. T. & Jones D. E. 1981. Fossil Vertebrates of Alabama. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa." type="book" year="1981">Thurmond & Jones 1981: 55</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, fig. 21.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFB2FF98FF7B99C64E7D083C" blockId="55.[189,1087,1668,1840]" box="[189,822,1777,1803]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B0AEDB79FFB2FF98FF7B99C64E7D083C" box="[189,822,1777,1803]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFB2FF98FF7B99C64F1D083C" ID-CoL="6NBNM" authority="- Case 1980: 82" authorityName="Case" authorityPageNumber="82" authorityYear="1980" box="[189,598,1777,1803]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamnidae" genus="Isurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oxyrhincus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFB2FF98FF7B99C64CC5083C" box="[189,398,1777,1803]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Isurus oxyrhincus</emphasis>
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||
–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="111FDA46FFB2FF98FE6D99C54F1D083C" author="Case G. R." box="[427,598,1777,1803]" page="82" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" year="1980">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFB2FF98FE6D99C54F1D083C" author="Case G. R." box="[427,598,1777,1803]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="75 - 103" refId="ref138401" refString="Case G. R. 1980. A selachian fauna from the Trent Formation, lower Miocene (Aquitanian) of Eastern North Carolina. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 171 (1 - 3): 75 - 103." type="journal article" year="1980">Case 1980: 82</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 99, pl. 2, figs 4–8.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFB2FF98FF7B982149740818" blockId="55.[189,1087,1668,1840]" box="[189,1087,1813,1840]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B0AEDB79FFB2FF98FF7B982149740818" box="[189,1087,1813,1840]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFB2FF98FF7B98214E360818" authority="- Mustafa & Zalmout 2002: 82" authorityName="Mustafa & Zalmout" authorityPageNumber="82" authorityYear="2002" box="[189,893,1813,1840]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamnidae" genus="Cosmopolitodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praecursor">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFB2FF98FF7B98214F4E0818" box="[189,517,1813,1839]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Cosmopolitodus praecursor</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="111FDA46FFB2FF98FDE598214E360818" author="Mustafa H. A. & Zalmout I. S." box="[547,893,1813,1839]" page="82" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" year="2002">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFB2FF98FDE598214E360818" author="Mustafa H. A. & Zalmout I. S." box="[547,893,1813,1839]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="77 - 94" refId="ref147135" refString="Mustafa H. A. & Zalmout I. S. 2002. Elasmobranchs from the late Eocene Wadi Esh-Shallala Formation of Qa'Faydat and Dahikiya, east Jordan. Tertiary Research 21 (1 - 4): 77 - 94." type="journal article" year="2002">Mustafa & Zalmout 2002: 82</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pl. 1, figs 7–11.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFFB2FF97FF7B986C4FC50E7E" lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFB2FF98FF7B986C4CE10845" blockId="55.[189,426,1880,1906]" box="[189,426,1880,1906]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<heading id="CB494B3BFFB2FF98FF7B986C4CE10845" bold="true" box="[189,426,1880,1906]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFB2FF98FF7B986C4CE10845" bold="true" box="[189,426,1880,1906]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFB2FF98FF7B98BC483D08DC" blockId="55.[189,1399,1928,2027]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="20D6F60AFFB2FF98FF7B98BC483908DC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2564277932" collectingDate="1989-04-15" collectionCode="ALMNH" country="United States of America" location="Claiborne Group" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="4" stateProvince="Alabama">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E8A9BCC7FFB2FF98FF7B98BC4F270895" box="[189,620,1928,1954]" name="United States of America" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">UNITED STATES OF AMERICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFB2FF98FD5D98BC4E460895" bold="true" box="[667,781,1928,1954]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FFB2FF98FD5D98BC4E460895" box="[667,781,1928,1954]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Alabama</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
• 20 isolated teeth;
|
||
<location id="9561AA8CFFB2FF98FBE298BC49B30895" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:18174D41FFB2FF96FDDF9AA549450BDF:9561AA8CFFB2FF98FBE298BC49B30895" box="[1060,1272,1928,1954]" country="United States of America" name="Claiborne Group" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" stateProvince="Alabama">Claiborne Group</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFB2FF98FACD98BC483C0895" box="[1291,1399,1928,1954]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93n4-xhed" name="Alabama Museum of Natural History" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Museum">ALMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
PV1989.4.32.3,
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFB2FF98FE4398984CBA08F1" box="[389,497,1964,1990]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93n4-xhed" name="Alabama Museum of Natural History" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Museum">ALMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
PV
|
||
<date id="E400DA97FFB2FF98FDEE98984FD608F0" box="[552,669,1964,1991]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" value="1989-04-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="F444237FFFB2FF98FDEE98984FD608F0" box="[552,669,1964,1991]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" value="1989-04-15">1989.4.15</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="86B837DEFFB2FF98FD7198984E1C08F0" box="[695,855,1964,1991]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFB2FF98FCB598984E9408F1" box="[883,991,1964,1990]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93n4-xhed" name="Alabama Museum of Natural History" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Museum">ALMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
PV1989.4.161.4 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="86B837DEFFB2FF98FB0C9898482108F0" box="[1226,1386,1964,1991]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFB2FF98FF7B98E54C6208DC" box="[189,297,2001,2027]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93n4-xhed" name="Alabama Museum of Natural History" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Museum">ALMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
PV1989.4.6.1.1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFB2FF98FE3C98E54F2D08DC" box="[506,614,2001,2027]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93n4-xhed" name="Alabama Museum of Natural History" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Museum">ALMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
PV1989.4.97.2,
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFB2FF98FCF698E54ED708DC" box="[816,924,2001,2027]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93n4-xhed" name="Alabama Museum of Natural History" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Museum">ALMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
PV2013.4.56,
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFB2FF98FB9698E549F708DC" box="[1104,1212,2001,2027]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93n4-xhed" name="Alabama Museum of Natural History" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Museum">ALMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
PV2016.3.142
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFBDFF97FF7B9E3F4FC50E7E" blockId="56.[189,1398,267,329]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
GSA-V696, GSA-V709 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="86B837DEFFBDFF97FE349E3F4FC70E11" box="[498,652,267,294]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFBDFF97FD629E3F4FA90E12" box="[676,738,267,293]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
2372.25,
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFBDFF97FCA79E3F4ED40E12" box="[865,927,267,293]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
2374.1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFBDFF97FBD69E3F49050E12" box="[1040,1102,267,293]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
2386.1–2,
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFBDFF97FB1A9E3F48510E12" box="[1244,1306,267,293]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
34585,
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFBDFF97FF7B9E1B4DB00E7E" box="[189,251,303,329]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
35759,
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFBDFF97FE9C9E1B4CD30E7E" box="[346,408,303,329]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
37174,
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFBDFF97FE3E9E1B4F7D0E7E" box="[504,566,303,329]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
37500.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFFBDFF97FF7B9E444FAA0C68" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFBDFF97FF7B9E444C050EBD" blockId="56.[189,334,368,394]" box="[189,334,368,394]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<heading id="CB494B3BFFBDFF97FF7B9E444C050EBD" bold="true" box="[189,334,368,394]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBDFF97FF7B9E444C050EBD" bold="true" box="[189,334,368,394]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFBDFF97FF7B9EAA4FAA0C68" blockId="56.[189,1399,414,863]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">All teeth with large triangular crown and lack lateral cusplets. Labial crown face flat; lingual crown face moderately to strongly convex; both crown faces smooth. Main cusp on lower anterior teeth erect and triangular; mesial and distal cutting edges bi-convex. Roots robust with foramina located on large lingual boss (indistinct nutritive groove sometimes observed). Roots on lower anterior teeth slightly higher than the crown. Lower anterior teeth sigmoidal and lingual crown face strongly convex. Lower anterior teeth with robust root protuberance and rounded root lobes; interlobe area deep and U-shaped. Anterolateral teeth with tall triangular crown; height of the crown exceeds the height of the root. Crown on anterolateral teeth have a slight distal inclination and bi-convex mesial and distal cutting edges. Lingual crown face less convex than on anterior files and have a shallower interlobe area. Root lobes on anterolateral teeth range from rounded to angular. Mesial and distal cutting edges on upper lateral teeth distinctly concave. Crown is shorter than those on anterior or anterolateral files, and more triangular. Lateral crown edges slope to the lateral edges of root. Root lobes short, distinctly angular, and flattened basally. Have shallow V-shaped interlobe area.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="C4C1ACDFFFBDFF97FF7B98144C9008DC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3660297" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3660297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3660297/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" startId="56.[189,232,1824,1850]" targetBox="[190,1398,1039,1757]" targetPageId="56">
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFBDFF97FF7B98144C9008DC" blockId="56.[189,1399,1824,2027]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBDFF97FF7B98144C56080D" bold="true" box="[189,285,1824,1850]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Fig. 20.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFBDFF97FEEF98154E7A080C" authority="(Leriche, 1905)" authorityName="Leriche" authorityYear="1905" baseAuthorityName="Leriche" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[297,817,1824,1851]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamiostomatidae" genus="Macrorhizodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praecursor">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBDFF97FEEF98154F23080D" box="[297,616,1825,1851]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Macrorhizodus praecursor</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFBDFF97FDBD98144E63080C" author="Leriche M." box="[635,808,1824,1851]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="49 - 228" refId="ref144901" refString="Leriche M. 1905. Les poissons eocenes de la Belgique. Memoires du Musee royal d'Histoire naturelle de Belgique 3 (11): 49 - 228." type="journal article" year="1905">Leriche, 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, teeth.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBDFF97FC4B98144E8D080D" bold="true" box="[909,966,1824,1850]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">A–C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFBDFF97FC1E9815495D080C" box="[984,1046,1825,1851]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
35759, anterior tooth, lower Tallahatta Formation.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBDFF97FE0798704C9D0869" bold="true" box="[449,470,1860,1886]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBDFF97FDB898704FD90869" bold="true" box="[638,658,1860,1886]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBDFF97FC8F98704E150869" bold="true" box="[841,862,1860,1886]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBDFF97FBC79870497C0869" bold="true" box="[1025,1079,1860,1886]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">D–F</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFBDFF97FB80987049CF0869" box="[1094,1156,1860,1886]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
37174, anterolateral tooth, Tallahatta/Lisbon formation contact zone, courtesy of James Lowery.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBDFF97FBFA9853491A08B6" bold="true" box="[1084,1105,1895,1921]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBDFF97FB3F9853484608B6" bold="true" box="[1273,1293,1895,1921]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBDFF97FEC598BE4C5E0893" bold="true" box="[259,277,1930,1956]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Mesial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBDFF97FE0598BE4CBF0893" bold="true" box="[451,500,1930,1956]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">G–I</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFBDFF97FDC598BE4F0A0893" box="[515,577,1930,1956]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
37500, lateral tooth, Gosport Sand.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBDFF97FC2998BE494D0893" bold="true" box="[1007,1030,1930,1956]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">G</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBDFF97FB6998BE498D0893" bold="true" box="[1199,1222,1930,1956]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">H</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBDFF97FF7B989A4D8308FF" bold="true" box="[189,200,1966,1992]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">I</emphasis>
|
||
. Mesial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBDFF97FEA8989A4CD408FF" bold="true" box="[366,415,1966,1992]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">J–L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="F6AF6492FFBDFF97FE6D98994CA208F0" box="[427,489,1965,1991]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">MSC</collectionCode>
|
||
34585, anterior tooth, Gosport Sand.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBDFF97FC5F989A4EE308FF" bold="true" box="[921,936,1966,1992]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">J</emphasis>
|
||
. Labial view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBDFF97FB8E989A491408FF" bold="true" box="[1096,1119,1966,1992]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">K</emphasis>
|
||
. Lingual view.
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBDFF97FAD6989A486F08FF" bold="true" box="[1296,1316,1966,1992]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">L</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal view. Scale bars = 1 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D8A4AFDCFFBCFF96FF7B9E3F49450BDF" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFBCFF96FF7B9E3F4C640E12" blockId="57.[189,303,267,293]" box="[189,303,267,293]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<heading id="CB494B3BFFBCFF96FF7B9E3F4C640E12" bold="true" box="[189,303,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBCFF96FF7B9E3F4C640E12" bold="true" box="[189,303,267,293]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFBCFF96FF7B9E0F49440D61" blockId="57.[189,1399,315,598]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFBCFF96FF7B9E0F4C200E61" author="Leriche M." box="[189,363,315,342]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="49 - 228" refId="ref144901" refString="Leriche M. 1905. Les poissons eocenes de la Belgique. Memoires du Musee royal d'Histoire naturelle de Belgique 3 (11): 49 - 228." type="journal article" year="1905">Leriche (1905)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
erected
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFBCFF96FE0D9E0F4E5A0E62" authorityName="Leriche" authorityYear="1905" box="[459,785,315,341]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamnidae" genus="Oxyrhina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="desori" subSpecies="praecursor">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBCFF96FE0D9E0F4E5A0E62" box="[459,785,315,341]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Oxyrhina desori praecursor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for what he believed were Eocene teeth belonging to the stratigraphically younger
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFBCFF96FDD39E544E7A0E4D" authority="Agassiz, 1843" authorityName="Agassiz" authorityYear="1843" box="[533,817,351,378]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamnidae" genus="Oxyrhina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="desori">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBCFF96FDD39E544FC90E4D" box="[533,642,352,378]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">O. desori</emphasis>
|
||
Agassiz, 1843
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Based on specimens from Priabonian deposits in Choctaw County,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FFBCFF96FE499EB04CB70EA9" box="[399,508,388,414]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Alabama</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFBCFF96FDCF9EB04FF30EA9" author="Leriche M." box="[521,696,388,414]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 110" refId="ref145078" refString="Leriche M. 1942. Contribution a l'etude des faunes ichthyologiques marines des terrains tertiaires de la Plaine cotiere atlantique et du centre des Etats-Unis. Les synchronismes des formations tertiaires des deux cotes de l'Atlantique. Memoires de la Societe geologique de France 45 (2 - 4): 1 - 110." type="journal article" year="1942">Leriche (1942)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
later erected
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFBCFF96FC9F9EB0499C0EA9" authorityName="Leriche" authorityYear="1942" box="[857,1239,388,414]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamnidae" genus="Oxyrhina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="praecursor" subSpecies="americana">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBCFF96FC9F9EB0499C0EA9" box="[857,1239,388,414]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Oxyrhina praecursor americana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for teeth that he thought were similar to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFBCFF96FDED9E9E4FE60EF4" authorityName="Leriche" authorityYear="1942" box="[555,685,426,451]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamnidae" genus="Oxyrhina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praecursor">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBCFF96FDED9E9E4FE60EF4" box="[555,685,426,451]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">praecursor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
morphology, but differed by having a higher root, narrower crown, and more divergent root lobes. These morphologies were later placed within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFBCFF96FB739EFA49B50ED0" box="[1205,1278,462,487]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamnidae" genus="Isurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBCFF96FB739EFA49B50ED0" box="[1205,1278,462,487]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Isurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFBCFF96FAE99EF94C450D3B" author="White E. I." pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refId="ref153891" refString="White E. I. 1931. The Vertebrate Faunas of the English Eocene: Vol. 1. From the Thanet Sands to the Basement Bed of the London Clay. British Museum (Natural History), London. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0016756800095820" type="book" year="1931">White (1931)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, then referred by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFBCFF96FE289EC64FE50D3A" author="Glikman L. S." box="[494,686,498,525]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refId="ref142498" refString="Glikman L. S. 1964. [Sharks of Paleogene and their Stratigraphic Significance]. Nauka Press, Moscow. [In Russian.]" type="book" year="1964">Glikman (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to a new genus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFBCFF96FC4F9EC649700D3B" authorityName="Glikman" authorityYear="1964" box="[905,1083,498,524]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamiostomatidae" genus="Macrorhizodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBCFF96FC4F9EC649700D3B" box="[905,1083,498,524]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Macrorhizodus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Subsequent authors later recognized both the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFBCFF96FE7A9D2C4F750D06" authorityName="Leriche" authorityYear="1942" box="[444,574,536,561]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamnidae" genus="Oxyrhina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praecursor">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBCFF96FE7A9D2C4F750D06" box="[444,574,536,561]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">praecursor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBCFF96FD449D2C4FB40D06" box="[642,767,536,561]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">americana</emphasis>
|
||
morphologies as distinct species (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFBCFF96FB199D2348390D05" author="White E. I." box="[1247,1394,535,562]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="123 - 150" refId="ref153972" refString="White E. I. 1956. The Eocene fishes of Alabama. Bulletins of American Paleontology 36 (156): 123 - 150." type="journal article" year="1956">White 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFBCFF96FF7B9D084CE20D61" author="Ward D. J. & Wiest R. L." box="[189,425,572,598]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="81 - 88" refId="ref153341" refString="Ward D. J. & Wiest R. L. 1990. A checklist of Palaeocene and Eocene sharks and rays (Chondrichthyes) from the Pamunkey Group, Maryland and Virginia, USA. Tertiary Research 12 (2): 81 - 88." type="journal article" year="1990">Ward & Wiest 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFBCFF96FE739D084FAF0D61" author="Zhelezko V. I. & Kozlov V. A." box="[437,740,572,598]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 324" refId="ref154782" refString="Zhelezko V. I. & Kozlov V. A. 1999. [Elasmobranchii and Palaeogene biostratigraphy of Transural and Central Asia]. Materialy po stratigrafii i paleontologii Urala 3: 1 - 324. [In Russian.]" type="journal article" year="1999">Zhelezko & Kozlov 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFBCFF96FD369D0849480D61" author="Case G. R. & Borodin P. D." box="[752,1027,572,598]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="5 - 16" refId="ref138598" refString="Case G. R. & Borodin P. D. 2000 a. Late Eocene selachians from Irwinton Sand Member of the Barnwell Formation (Jacksonian), WKA mines, Gordon, Wilkinson Country, Georgia. Munchner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen (A) 39: 5 - 16." type="journal article" year="2000">Case & Borodin 2000a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFBCFF96FF7B9D4B48680B30" blockId="57.[189,1399,638,1032]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
We reexamined the
|
||
<typeStatus id="4F0542F5FFBCFF96FE779D4B4F530DAE" box="[433,536,639,665]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFBCFF96FD839D4B4E3C0DAF" authorityName="Leriche" authorityYear="1942" box="[581,887,639,665]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamnidae" genus="Oxyrhina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="praecursor" subSpecies="americana">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBCFF96FD839D4B4E3C0DAF" box="[581,887,639,665]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">O. praecursor americana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFBCFF96FC609D4A49C90DAE" author="Leriche M." box="[934,1154,638,665]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 110" refId="ref145078" refString="Leriche M. 1942. Contribution a l'etude des faunes ichthyologiques marines des terrains tertiaires de la Plaine cotiere atlantique et du centre des Etats-Unis. Les synchronismes des formations tertiaires des deux cotes de l'Atlantique. Memoires de la Societe geologique de France 45 (2 - 4): 1 - 110." type="journal article" year="1942">Leriche (1942: 45</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 3, figs 6–13) to determine the validity of this subspecies. A comparison of these eight
|
||
<typeStatus id="4F0542F5FFBCFF96FBE69D9049CC0D89" box="[1056,1159,676,702]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(USNM 366462 to USNM 366469) to teeth within recent jaw sets of the extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFBCFF96FC779DFD483D0DD5" authority="(Rafinesque, 1810)" baseAuthorityName="Rafinesque" baseAuthorityYear="1810" box="[945,1398,712,738]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamnidae" genus="Isurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oxyrinchus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBCFF96FC779DFD49CC0DD5" box="[945,1159,712,738]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Isurus oxyrinchus</emphasis>
|
||
(Rafinesque, 1810)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
suggests to us that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFBCFF96FE5B9DD84F2B0C30" author="Leriche M." box="[413,608,748,775]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 110" refId="ref145078" refString="Leriche M. 1942. Contribution a l'etude des faunes ichthyologiques marines des terrains tertiaires de la Plaine cotiere atlantique et du centre des Etats-Unis. Les synchronismes des formations tertiaires des deux cotes de l'Atlantique. Memoires de la Societe geologique de France 45 (2 - 4): 1 - 110." type="journal article" year="1942">Leriche’s (1942)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
differential characteristics (higher root, narrower crown, and more divergent root lobes) can all be attributed to heterodonty (dignathic, monognathic, and ontogenetic) and intraspecific variation. Thus, it is our opinion that the
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBCFF96FC809C034E880C67" box="[838,963,823,848]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">americana</emphasis>
|
||
morphology is a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFBCFF96FF7B9C6F4CB10C43" baseAuthorityName="Leriche" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[189,506,859,885]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamiostomatidae" genus="Macrorhizodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praecursor">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBCFF96FF7B9C6F4CB10C43" box="[189,506,859,885]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Macrorhizodus praecursor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and we dispense with the subspecies name and refer all the specimens in our sample to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFBCFF96FEAD9CB44F5D0CAE" baseAuthorityName="Leriche" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[363,534,896,921]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamiostomatidae" genus="Macrorhizodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praecursor">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBCFF96FEAD9CB44F5D0CAE" box="[363,534,896,921]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">M. praecursor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The specimens in our sample differ from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFBCFF96FB419C4B4CB20C89" authority="Zhelezko & Kozlov, 1999" authorityName="Zhelezko & Kozlov" authorityYear="1999" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamiostomatidae" genus="Macrorhizodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nolfi">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBCFF96FB419C4B483D0CAE" box="[1159,1398,895,921]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Macrorhizodus nolfi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFBCFF96FF7B9C904CB20C89" author="Zhelezko V. I. & Kozlov V. A." box="[189,505,932,958]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 324" refId="ref154782" refString="Zhelezko V. I. & Kozlov V. A. 1999. [Elasmobranchii and Palaeogene biostratigraphy of Transural and Central Asia]. Materialy po stratigrafii i paleontologii Urala 3: 1 - 324. [In Russian.]" type="journal article" year="1999">Zhelezko & Kozlov, 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having smooth enameloid shoulders and by lacking vestigial cusplets (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFBCFF96FF039CFC4C810CD4" author="Carlsen A. W. & Cuny G." box="[197,458,968,995]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="39 - 88" refId="ref138223" refString="Carlsen A. W. & Cuny G. 2014. A study of the sharks and rays from the Lillebaelt Clay (early-middle Eocene) of Denmark, and their palaeoecology. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 62: 39 - 88." type="journal article" year="2014">Carlsen & Cuny 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Finally, although Glickman (1964) placed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFBCFF96FC0F9CFD493A0CD5" baseAuthorityName="Leriche" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[969,1137,969,994]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamiostomatidae" genus="Macrorhizodus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praecursor">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBCFF96FC0F9CFD493A0CD5" box="[969,1137,969,994]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">M. praecursor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
within its own family, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFBCFF96FF2E9CD94CFC0B30" authorityName="Glükman" authorityYear="1964" box="[232,439,1005,1031]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamiostomatidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Lamiostomatidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we follow
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F42F81A6FFBCFF96FD869CD94E610B3F" author="Nelson J. S. & Grande T. C. & Wilson M. V. H." box="[576,810,1005,1032]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refId="ref147339" refString="Nelson J. S., Grande T. C. & Wilson M. V. H. 2016. Fishes of the World, 5 th Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken." type="book" year="2016">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FFBCFF96FD869CD94FD80B30" box="[576,659,1005,1031]" country="New Zealand" name="Nelson" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Nelson</collectingRegion>
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBCFF96FD5C9CDA4F9E0B30" box="[666,725,1005,1031]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2016)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in placing this taxon within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57BE87D4FFBCFF96FB639CD948550B30" authorityName="Muller & Henle" authorityYear="1838" box="[1189,1310,1005,1031]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Lamnidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Lamnidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFBCFF96FF7B9B044E5F0B7D" blockId="57.[189,788,1072,1098]" box="[189,788,1072,1098]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<heading id="CB494B3BFFBCFF96FF7B9B044E5F0B7D" bold="true" box="[189,788,1072,1098]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="A2CA2045FFBCFF96FF7B9B044E5F0B7D" bold="true" box="[189,788,1072,1098]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
Stratigraphic and geographic range in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FFBCFF96FD649B044E5F0B7D" box="[674,788,1072,1098]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Alabama</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9001FC57FFBCFF96FF7B9B5449450BDF" blockId="57.[189,1399,1120,1257]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
The specimens in our sample were collected from the lower Tallahatta Formation at site ADl-1, the contact of the Tallahatta and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FFBCFF96FE699BB14CB40BA8" box="[431,511,1157,1183]" country="Portugal" name="Lisboa" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Lisbon</collectingRegion>
|
||
formations at site ACov-11, the “upper”
|
||
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FFBCFF96FC1A9BB149670BA8" box="[988,1068,1157,1183]" country="Portugal" name="Lisboa" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Lisbon</collectingRegion>
|
||
Formation at site ACl-3, the contact of the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="527A32B5FFBCFF96FEA59B9D4CFF0BF4" box="[355,436,1193,1219]" country="Portugal" name="Lisboa" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Lisbon</collectingRegion>
|
||
Formation and Gosport Sand at site AMo-4, and the Gosport Sand at sites ACl-15 and ACh-21. Upper Ypresian to middle Bartonian, zones NP14 to NP17.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |