131 lines
15 KiB
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131 lines
15 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="CCD0B5647798D140B77C8A00856B7ADE">The genera of the Neotropical armored catfish subfamily Loricariinae (Siluriformes: Loricariidae): a practical key and synopsis.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="82BBA33A33A11CA0044631C5C1E1FFF8">Raphael Covain</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C6BE0E851BC6AE558B101B5849D23694">Sonia Fisch-Muller</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F978CFF3F53E62A52D4F4C88BB07D398">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F9E8CE99405BBA703BB1401EE5F824BA">
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<mods:date id="6C1278C698D32E6D343D756056706FF8">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:classification id="8C70DAAA41066B1B6F87E1053F79A41C">journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="0EDA25618F79AD1156E946FFD2F1412B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6236661" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100117600" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6236661" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0EDA25618F79AD1156E946FFD2F1412B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0EDA25618F79AD1156E946FFD2F1412B" lastPageNumber="32" pageNumber="32">
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<subSubSection id="2FB071E67EA0390BE3A17ACD8866642B" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B1122C1EF4C30E51F9BC86500228C912" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName id="62E4A0E1AD33F8FEDD827D526FC2F36C" ID-CoL="5GTH" ID-ENA="302486" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B3803885-682F-4807-A975-1839E719B4E5" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Loricaria" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Loricaria Linnaeus 1758:307" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Loricaria Linnaeus, 1758</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6CF32EB5B00B5F2F09EEB1BA101ED793" pageNumber="32">
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Type species:
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<taxonomicName id="2EDAB241B17F867E71C744D48BB9878F" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E2DB4D5A-96AD-4706-8811-DE377CD3227F" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Loricaria" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Loricaria cataphracta Linnaeus 1758:307" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphracta">Loricaria cataphracta Linnaeus, 1758</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0F8D4BA628256B8E72EAD7E8703D2092" pageNumber="32">
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<materialsCitation id="AE64D3F4E5DDA90F7158F8294874DFA2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923893089" collectionCode="NRM" country="Surinam" location="Surinam" specimenCode="NRM 33" typeStatus="Lectotype">
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<typeStatus id="4CC216C6F87D7A27E5B082F71B5AF0BE">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCode id="6F26354A47DDD56F6B07EC1A078EF31D">
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<collectionCode id="FD58DDE55DC61B9FF34AB482B704538A">NRM</collectionCode>
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33
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</specimenCode>
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, In South America, also holotype of
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<taxonomicName id="919D599CBF2ED8AD70CAD92C12974601" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3380D403-6434-4C3B-A90A-CB7A215DBFB2" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Loricaria" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Loricaria dura Bleeker 1862:3" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dura">Loricaria dura Bleeker, 1862</taxonomicName>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="EBDC6B8857EBA12577DA9FE2A1403899">Surinam</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4135C7730990A88B4B1E2A055C7BB714" pageNumber="32">Gender: feminine.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="50C10AD99B2B620325CC1BA04A66CC0C" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="F9516E7EECDC99F83700FEDB1F04E7F9" lastPageNumber="33" pageNumber="32">
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This genus is distributed east of the Andes on nearly the entire subcontinent. Species occur in a variety of habitats from the main flow of rivers on sandy and rocky bottoms to flooded areas and lakes over muddy and sandy bottoms. Sexual dimorphism includes hypertrophied development of the pectoral spines, blunt odontodes on the pelvic and anal fin spines, and tooth crowns becoming shortened and rounded in mature males (
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<normalizedToken id="F3AE8689B087C849907CC482911D2C14" originalValue="Isbrùcker">
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<normalizedToken id="9F20EBE07A157CD5191B6AE878E3F9B3" originalValue="Isbrücker">Isbruecker</normalizedToken>
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</normalizedToken>
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1981b). Males are abdomino-lip brooders.
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<taxonomicName id="AAEC9B45E26421932B8335C7C1C50FCB" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B3803885-682F-4807-A975-1839E719B4E5" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Loricaria" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Loricaria Linnaeus 1758:307" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Loricaria</taxonomicName>
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is the nominal genus of the family. Phylogenetic relationships within
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<taxonomicName id="57839547892EB6C78F17ED7FA5AA5106" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B3803885-682F-4807-A975-1839E719B4E5" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Loricaria" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Loricaria Linnaeus 1758:307" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Loricaria</taxonomicName>
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and among other members of
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<taxonomicName id="A4699C059AE2363AC00CA2A376A77F71" pageNumber="32" rank="tribe" tribe="Loricariini">Loricariini</taxonomicName>
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remain uncertain. Its external morphology shows few shared derived characters, making comparison with other genera difficult.
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<taxonomicName id="FFCB2BCABF6D8A97BBC4B2DC7C227ABB" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B3803885-682F-4807-A975-1839E719B4E5" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Loricaria" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Loricaria Linnaeus 1758:307" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Loricaria</taxonomicName>
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has been hypothesized to occupy a basal position among members of the subtribe
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<taxonomicName id="4CCA0B79970447D4C64F0C21A873CE09" pageNumber="32" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Loricariina">Loricariina</taxonomicName>
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, with the other genera possessing derived characters. Based on the characteristics of its mouth,
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<taxonomicName id="557E11CB29D191ABDE27EB402BEE9A5F" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B3803885-682F-4807-A975-1839E719B4E5" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Loricaria" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Loricaria Linnaeus 1758:307" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Loricaria</taxonomicName>
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appears to maintain a close relationship with representatives of the
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<taxonomicName id="FDABFC66EF9FDD32D31C92BF2A6B2A98" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E805457A-B6F3-4756-950E-1AD4B96002BB" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Pseudohemiodon" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Pseudohemiodon Bleeker 1862:3" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pseudohemiodon</taxonomicName>
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group. This hypothesis has been proposed in the studies of Rapp Py-Daniel (1997) and Montoya-Burgos et al. (1998), in which
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<taxonomicName id="CB2575C8547C7A7D357CB70C183ABDFB" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B3803885-682F-4807-A975-1839E719B4E5" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Loricaria" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Loricaria Linnaeus 1758:307" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Loricaria</taxonomicName>
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maintained a sister relationship to the
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<taxonomicName id="98F2A700DF41135892639D07838F565A" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E805457A-B6F3-4756-950E-1AD4B96002BB" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Pseudohemiodon" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Pseudohemiodon Bleeker 1862:3" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pseudohemiodon</taxonomicName>
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group. However, these authors did not resolve relationships among species of the
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<taxonomicName id="8A15F23E5F218C16B24927D94F6296CD" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B3803885-682F-4807-A975-1839E719B4E5" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Loricaria" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Loricaria Linnaeus 1758:307" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Loricaria</taxonomicName>
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group. Kavalco et al. (2005) reported karyotypic diversity ranging from 2n = 62 to 2n = 68 for the four species characterized. Under the impression that the original syntypes were lost,
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<normalizedToken id="9115B33EC51BF374CEBF5328A4C3FFFE" originalValue="Isbrücker">Isbruecker</normalizedToken>
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(1972) established a neotype for
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<taxonomicName id="2135227B8E6C6E8CF461D6941F9F1706" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E2DB4D5A-96AD-4706-8811-DE377CD3227F" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Loricaria" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Loricaria cataphracta Linnaeus 1758:307" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphracta">L. cataphracta</taxonomicName>
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(ZMA 109.616). Between 1972 and 1981,
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<normalizedToken id="DE63B83EE4EC4DDF05FFEF93FBFD43E4" originalValue="Isbrücker">Isbruecker</normalizedToken>
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learned that the two syntypes did in fact exist and are currently housed at the Swedish Museum of Natural History in Stockholm. Based on a photograph of two syntypes,
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<normalizedToken id="60D1AC7DDA69B87515F48E9748AD7480" originalValue="Isbrùcker">
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<normalizedToken id="6150709563EC9A0E0AB46491646CD14F" originalValue="Isbrücker">Isbruecker</normalizedToken>
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</normalizedToken>
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(1981b) designated one as the lectotype (NRM 33). The rediscovery of these syntypes invalidated the previous neotype according to the ICZN (1999), article 75.8. The disposition of the lectotype according to Eschmeyer (1998), which is based on Wheeler (1989), is Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen (ZMUC 27). However, Wheeler (1989: pp. 214-215) confirmed
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<normalizedToken id="E3583FCCF9F5C167C3938DC24A791079" originalValue="Isbrücker">Isbruecker</normalizedToken>
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’s designation of the lectotype: “Two loricariid specimens from the collection of King Adolf Fredrik, one of which has been designated as the lectotype of
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<taxonomicName id="31C123B102B25B9532B5D6E173A334A5" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E2DB4D5A-96AD-4706-8811-DE377CD3227F" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Loricaria" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Loricaria cataphracta Linnaeus 1758:307" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cataphracta">L. cataphracta</taxonomicName>
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by
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<normalizedToken id="C333094F6B1F3971213ED99750C7C44D" originalValue="Isbrücker">Isbruecker</normalizedToken>
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(1981), are preserved in the Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm. This specimen was certainly the specimen which Linnaeus used for the major source material of his description (Fernholm & Wheeler, 1983)”. Moreover, concerning specimen ZMUC 27 deposited in Copenhagen, Wheeler (1989: p. 215) concluded: “It thus seems certain that this specimen is not one of those referred to by Linnaeus (1758) in his diagnosis of the species, or its variety
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<pageStartToken id="5B4FC42E14238C1B92AD6D4EA3C4C6A9" pageNumber="33">beta</pageStartToken>
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”.
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<taxonomicName id="FD831C2DF89A0591FC6F29533BE21331" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B3803885-682F-4807-A975-1839E719B4E5" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Loricaria" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Loricaria Linnaeus 1758:307" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Loricaria</taxonomicName>
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was revised by
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<normalizedToken id="86994331315A8A56C6A4F54DDAAAC0B0" originalValue="Isbrücker">Isbruecker</normalizedToken>
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(1981b) who recognized eleven valid species. For lack of clear diagnostic features,
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<taxonomicName id="01F44FA23C23E133CB1EE508463DC0EC" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:35F7EB22-22C0-4826-9E33-222FDF024361" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Proloricaria" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Proloricaria Isbrücker 2001:21" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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Proloricaria
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<normalizedToken id="0F8998C42A8F0E05C789DC94CE10F5E2" originalValue="Isbrücker">Isbruecker</normalizedToken>
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, 2001
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</taxonomicName>
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is herein considered a junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="EF8211DB9DEA44A7F7D2B9B8C7284D93" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B3803885-682F-4807-A975-1839E719B4E5" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Loricaria" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Loricaria Linnaeus 1758:307" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Loricaria</taxonomicName>
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. A twelfth species has been described from North-East of Argentina by
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<normalizedToken id="089F012DB506A0E94DBCFFB6C4C0B16D" originalValue="Rodríguez">Rodriguez</normalizedToken>
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& Miquelarena (2003).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |