162 lines
19 KiB
XML
162 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="75760914D5FA528EFD876AB9AD0BC0D1" ID-CLB-Dataset="30255" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4410.1.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f9d268e1-262b-4d9a-a97f-ffd1495e9eae" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1221257" ID-ZooBank="0944C1F0-1405-43E0-80B7-03438A19F334" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1524145257255" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gąsiorek, Piotr & Degma, Peter" docDate="2018" docId="001087910D0FFF9ED399F99DFACDFAD6" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4410.1.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4410 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Echiniscus militaris Murray 1911" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="89" masterDocId="FC29FFE90D04FF92D30EFFD8FF9AFFEB" masterDocTitle="Three Echiniscidae species (Tardigrada: Heterotardigrada) new to the Polish fauna, with the description of a new gonochoristic Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928" masterLastPageNumber="96" masterPageNumber="77" pageNumber="88" updateTime="1698537978881" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="78E06C635C22B596AB1F14D6F4675694">Three Echiniscidae species (Tardigrada: Heterotardigrada) new to the Polish fauna, with the description of a new gonochoristic Bryodelphax Thulin, 1928</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="69E379CCEE3A85D156AF0B0FF11F551C">Gąsiorek, Piotr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E00290B985282EA26AA4A7AB9D185B85">Degma, Peter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E83AC8F7963515D73C3D96DDA9EAE8C2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="461E522139062609B058185F056835E3">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="077B1A1A31B5AC1FD4981BAB9868E387">4410</mods:number>
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<treatment id="001087910D0FFF9ED399F99DFACDFAD6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5998750" ID-GBIF-Taxon="143605412" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5998750" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:001087910D0FFF9ED399F99DFACDFAD6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/001087910D0FFF9ED399F99DFACDFAD6" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">
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<subSubSection id="C0A3650C0D0FFF99D399F99DFEBDF96B" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="880636870D0FFF99D399F99DFDA2F9B4" blockId="11.[151,568,1605,1664]" box="[151,568,1605,1631]" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">
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<heading id="D34E81EB0D0FFF99D399F99DFDA2F9B4" bold="true" box="[151,568,1605,1631]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4FB94D040D0FFF99D399F99DFDA2F9B4" ID-CoL="38FZW" authority="Murray, 1911" authorityName="Murray" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,568,1605,1631]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="militaris">
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<emphasis id="BACDEA950D0FFF99D399F99DFDA2F9B4" bold="true" box="[151,568,1605,1631]" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">
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<emphasis id="BACDEA950D0FFF99D399F99DFE13F9B4" bold="true" box="[151,393,1605,1631]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Echiniscus militaris</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EC284B760D0FFF99D281F99DFDA2F9B4" box="[399,568,1605,1631]" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" refId="ref10958" refString="Murray, J. (1911) Arctiscoida. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 31, 1 - 16." type="journal article">Murray, 1911</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="880636870D0FFF99D399F9BFFEBDF96B" blockId="11.[151,568,1605,1664]" box="[151,295,1639,1664]" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">
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(
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<figureCitation id="10822A020D0FFF99D391F9BFFE85F96B" box="[159,287,1639,1664]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–29" captionStartId="12.[151,264,967,989]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,447,945]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,447,945]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 28–29. First Polish record—Echiniscus militaris Murray, 1911 (PCM): 28—dorsal view; 29—ventral view, asterisks indicate genital plates with minute intracuticular pillars. Scale bars in µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1221275/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Figs 28–29</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C0A3650C0D0FFF99D399F968FD8AF923" box="[151,528,1711,1736]" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" type="description">
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<paragraph id="880636870D0FFF99D399F968FD8AF923" blockId="11.[151,1437,1711,2033]" box="[151,528,1711,1736]" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">
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<emphasis id="BACDEA950D0FFF99D399F968FEA1F923" bold="true" box="[151,315,1711,1736]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Locus typicus.</emphasis>
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Castlebar, Ireland.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C0A3650C0D0FFF99D3C9F90CFB81F8DE" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="880636870D0FFF99D3C9F90CFB81F8DE" blockId="11.[151,1437,1711,2033]" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">
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<emphasis id="BACDEA950D0FFF99D3C9F90CFE2CF906" bold="true" box="[199,438,1748,1773]" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Material examined:</emphasis>
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One four-clawed juvenile, found together with very numerous
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<taxonomicName id="4FB94D040D0FFF99D790F90CFECAF8FB" authority="(Doyere, 1840)" authorityName="Doyere" authorityYear="1840" baseAuthorityName="Doyere" baseAuthorityYear="1840" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="granulatus">
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<emphasis id="BACDEA950D0FFF99D790F90CFA06F906" box="[1182,1436,1748,1773]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Echiniscus granulatus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EC284B760D0FFF99D390F920FED2F8FB" box="[158,328,1784,1808]" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" refId="ref9827" refString="Doyere, M. L. (1840) Memorie sur les Tardigrades. Annales des Sciences Naturelles. Zoologie, Serie 2, 14, 269 - 362." type="journal article">Doyère, 1840</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4FB94D040D0FFF99D269F921FD58F8FB" authority="Murray, 1905" authorityName="Murray" authorityYear="1905" box="[359,706,1783,1808]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="reticulatus">
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<emphasis id="BACDEA950D0FFF99D269F921FD93F8FB" box="[359,521,1783,1808]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">E. reticulatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EC284B760D0FFF99D112F920FD58F8FB" box="[540,706,1783,1808]" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" refId="ref10916" refString="Murray, J. (1905) The Tardigrada of the Scottish Lochs. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 41 (27), 677 - 698. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0080456800035547" type="journal article">Murray, 1905</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4FB94D040D0FFF99D1D4F92FFC74F8FB" baseAuthorityName="Ehrenberg" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[730,1006,1783,1808]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Pseudechiniscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="suillus">
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<emphasis id="BACDEA950D0FFF99D1D4F92FFC74F8FB" box="[730,1006,1783,1808]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Pseudechiniscus suillus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4FB94D040D0FFF99D706F92FFAC3F8FB" baseAuthorityName="Scourfield" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[1032,1369,1783,1808]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Testechiniscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="spitsbergensis">
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<emphasis id="BACDEA950D0FFF99D706F92FFAC3F8FB" box="[1032,1369,1783,1808]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Testechiniscus spitsbergensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="4FB94D040D0FFF99D399F8C4FDDAF8DF" authority="(Richters, 1903)" authorityName="Richters" authorityYear="1903" baseAuthorityName="Richters" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[151,576,1820,1845]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Macrobiotidae" genus="Richtersius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Parachela" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="coronifer">
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<emphasis id="BACDEA950D0FFF99D399F8C4FE19F8DF" box="[151,387,1820,1845]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Richtersius coronifer</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EC284B760D0FFF99D29CF8C4FDA2F8DF" box="[402,568,1820,1845]" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" refId="ref11415" refString="Richters, F. (1903) Nordische Tardigraden. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 27, 168 - 172." type="journal article">Richters, 1903</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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(sample PL.273; Kobylarzowy Coulouir).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C0A3650C0D0FFF9ED3C9F8E7FD15FE60" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" type="description">
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<paragraph id="880636870D0FFF9ED3C9F8E7FD15FE60" blockId="11.[151,1437,1711,2033]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,395]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">
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<emphasis id="BACDEA950D0FFF99D3C9F8E7FEC1F8B3" bold="true" box="[199,347,1855,1880]" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Description:</emphasis>
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Very small (162 µm), conspicuously pink coloured. Cirrus
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<emphasis id="BACDEA950D0FFF99D704F899FBFCF8B3" box="[1034,1126,1857,1880]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">internus</emphasis>
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/
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<emphasis id="BACDEA950D0FFF99D763F899FB56F8B3" box="[1133,1228,1857,1880]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">externus</emphasis>
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length ratio 67%. Cirrus A 48 µm long and very thick, lateral appendages B and E of equal lengths (20 µm), lateral cirri C and D markedly longer (60 and 76 µm, respectively). All dorsal appendages present, of which C d are the longest (44 µm
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<emphasis id="BACDEA950D0FFF99D399F86AFF34F822" box="[151,174,1970,1993]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">vs</emphasis>
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B d 18 µm long and D d 33 µm long). In general, cirri in all B-positions are visibly thinner than other appendages. The difference is especially evident in the width of the dorsal appendage bases (1.9 µm in B d, 2.8 µm in C d, and 4.9 µm in D d, respectively). Plates with well-marked borders, lacking cervical (neck) and third median plates. Sculpture composed of polygons (
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<emphasis id="BACDEA950D08FF9ED12CFF66FD7DFF3C" box="[546,743,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">blumi-canadensis</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="570288250D08FF9ED1FFFF67FCBFFF3C" box="[753,805,191,215]" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">type</typeStatus>
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), with the largest polygons found on the small median plates and the central part of the caudal plate. Ventral cuticle smooth, except for the genital zone, where two large, trapezoid plates, in line with legs IV, occur (
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<figureCitation id="10822A020D08FF9ED18BFEDEFD43FEF4" box="[645,729,262,287]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–29" captionStartId="12.[151,264,967,989]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,447,945]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,447,945]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 28–29. First Polish record—Echiniscus militaris Murray, 1911 (PCM): 28—dorsal view; 29—ventral view, asterisks indicate genital plates with minute intracuticular pillars. Scale bars in µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1221275/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
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). Pedal (leg) plates invisible in PCM. Dentate collar on legs IV comprises seven long, parallel teeth. Large, slender claws; claws I–III markedly shorter than claws IV (11.9–13.1 µm,
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<emphasis id="BACDEA950D08FF9ED3C4FE97FEEAFE8C" box="[202,368,335,359]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">32.5–35.8% vs</emphasis>
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16.6 µm,
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<emphasis id="BACDEA950D08FF9ED2EAFE97FDB1FE8C" box="[484,555,335,359]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">45.4%</emphasis>
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). Small spurs (2.1 µm,
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<emphasis id="BACDEA950D08FF9ED038FE97FCEAFE8C" box="[822,880,335,359]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">5.7%</emphasis>
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) positioned very close to the internal claw bases, and almost perpendicular to the claw branch.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DCC6660F0D08FF9ED399FC1FFC7BFC17" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1221275/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" startId="12.[151,264,967,989]" targetBox="[151,1436,447,945]" targetPageId="12">
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<paragraph id="880636870D08FF9ED399FC1FFC7BFC17" blockId="12.[151,1436,967,1020]" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">
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<emphasis id="BACDEA950D08FF9ED399FC1FFEC0FC36" bold="true" box="[151,346,967,989]" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">FIGURES 28–29.</emphasis>
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First Polish record—
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<taxonomicName id="4FB94D040D08FF9ED147FC1FFC2CFC36" authority="Murray, 1911" authorityName="Murray" authorityYear="1911" box="[585,950,967,989]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="militaris">
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<emphasis id="BACDEA950D08FF9ED147FC1FFC83FC36" box="[585,793,967,989]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Echiniscus militaris</emphasis>
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Murray, 1911
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</taxonomicName>
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(PCM):
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<emphasis id="BACDEA950D08FF9ED713FC1FFBCAFC36" bold="true" box="[1053,1104,967,989]" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">28—</emphasis>
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dorsal view;
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<emphasis id="BACDEA950D08FF9ED7EEFC1FFA89FC36" bold="true" box="[1248,1299,967,989]" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">29—</emphasis>
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ventral view, asterisks indicate genital plates with minute intracuticular pillars. Scale bars in µm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C0A3650C0D08FF9ED3C9FBF0FACDFAD6" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="880636870D08FF9ED3C9FBF0FACDFAD6" blockId="12.[151,1437,1064,1341]" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">
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<emphasis id="BACDEA950D08FF9ED3C9FBF0FEA7FBAA" bold="true" box="[199,317,1064,1089]" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Remarks:</emphasis>
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New record for
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<collectingCountry id="F0AE76170D08FF9ED2F6FBF0FDD0FBAA" box="[504,586,1064,1089]" name="Poland" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Poland</collectingCountry>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4FB94D040D08FF9ED15BFBF2FD49FBAA" authorityName="Murray" authorityYear="1911" box="[597,723,1064,1089]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="militaris">
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<emphasis id="BACDEA950D08FF9ED15BFBF2FD49FBAA" box="[597,723,1064,1089]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">E. militaris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is without doubt one of the most elusive Palaearctic echiniscid species (
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<bibRefCitation id="EC284B760D08FF9ED3F9FB94FDAFFB8E" box="[247,565,1100,1125]" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" refId="ref11351" refString="Ramazzotti, G. & Maucci, w. (1983) Il Phylum Tardigrada. III edizione riveduta e aggiornata. Memorie dell'Istituto Italiano di Idrobiologia, Pallanza, 41, 1 - 1012." type="journal article">Ramazzotti & Maucci 1983</bibRefCitation>
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). Since its original description in 1911, it has been recorded only a few times and in very small numbers from various European countries (
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<bibRefCitation id="EC284B760D08FF9ED088FBA9FBAEFB62" box="[902,1076,1137,1161]" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" refId="ref10712" refString="McInnes, S. J. (1994) Zoogeographic distribution of terrestrial / freshwater tardigrades from current literature. Journal of Natural History, 28, 257 - 352. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939400770131" type="journal article">McInnes 1994</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation id="EC284B760D08FF9ED740FBA8FB73FB62" box="[1102,1257,1136,1161]" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" refId="ref11214" refString="Pilato, G. (1977) Variabilita' in Echiniscus militaris Murray, 1911 (Heterotardigrada) e valore delle sue sottospecie. Animalia, 4 (1 - 2), 5 - 21." type="journal article">Pilato (1977)</bibRefCitation>
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suppressed all subspecies after analysing different populations of the species. As there is a very high variability among recorded specimens, it is very likely that a number of independent species are captured under the one specific name. Unfortunately, difficulties in obtaining an adequate number of specimens for a detailed taxonomic study, including DNA sequencing, will hinder clarification of the taxonomic status of this species and resolving whether this is a single species exhibiting considerable intraspecific variability or a group of morphologically similar species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |