172 lines
18 KiB
XML
172 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.508.9479" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f07da474-b468-4e0c-800e-07d1195d3712" ID-PMC="PMC4492205" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-508-53" ID-PubMed="26167120" ID-ZBK="48D1C46F50374324BD97FE47AB32C6E7" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-508-53" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 508" ModsDocTitle="Four new species of Epicephala Meyrick, 1880 (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) associated with two species of Glochidion (Phyllanthaceae) from Hainan Island in China" checkinTime="1451244251186" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Li, Houhun, Wang, Zhibo & Hu, Bingbing" docDate="2015" docId="F20FFE37FE77DBB7273BEE42EF2D706A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 508: 53-67" docOrigin="ZooKeys 508" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.508.9479" docTitle="Epicephala domina Li, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="0161B207-D186-47ED-97B6-7FC3518C07E1" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="F0434C2FFFB9FFAD425FDC56F043FFD5" masterDocTitle="Four new species of Epicephala Meyrick, 1880 (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) associated with two species of Glochidion (Phyllanthaceae) from Hainan Island in China" masterLastPageNumber="67" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="55" updateTime="1668160412728" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Four new species of Epicephala Meyrick, 1880 (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) associated with two species of Glochidion (Phyllanthaceae) from Hainan Island in China</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Li, Houhun</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wang, Zhibo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hu, Bingbing</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>508</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>53</mods:start>
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<mods:end>67</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.508.9479</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.508.9479</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-508-53</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">48D1C46F50374324BD97FE47AB32C6E7</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">48D1C46F50374324BD97FE47AB32C6E7</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152060378" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0161B207-D186-47ED-97B6-7FC3518C07E1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F20FFE37FE77DBB7273BEE42EF2D706A" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="55" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Taxon classification Animalia Lepidoptera Gracillariidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/0161B207-D186-47ED-97B6-7FC3518C07E1" authority="Li" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Epicephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epicephala domina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="domina">Epicephala domina Li</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="55">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 5, 9, 11, 15
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="55" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Adult (Fig. 5). Forewing expanse 7.5−11.0 mm. Head creamy white tinged with pale yellow, lateral sides with long brown scales. Labial palpus white or grayish white, distal half of second and third palpomeres dark brown on outer surface, inner surface of third palpomere white to gray. Antenna grayish brown. Thorax white. Tegula yellowish brown. Forewing grayish brown to deep brown; three pairs white striae from both costal and dorsal margins at 2/5, 3/5 and 4/5 extending obliquely outward to middle as well as to end and outside of cell, third dorsal striae broader and more distinct; dorsal margin with a broad white band extending from base to tornal area; a narrow silvery-white fascia with metallic reflection from costal 6/7 to dorsal margin; distal 1/7 yellowish brown, with a central black dot, with a triangular white dot near costa and a white streak along dorsal margin; cilia basally black, medially grayish white, distally black from distal 1/7 of costal margin along termen to tornus, gray along dorsal margin. Hindwing grayish brown; cilia brown along costal margin and grayish or yellowish brown along dorsal margin.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
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Figures 5-10. Adult morphology of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Epicephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epicephala" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Epicephala</taxonomicName>
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spp. 5-8 Adults: 5
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Epicephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epicephala domina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="domina">Epicephala domina</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., female paratype 6
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Epicephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epicephala impolliniferens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impolliniferens">Epicephala impolliniferens</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., female paratype 7
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Epicephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epicephala camurella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="camurella">Epicephala camurella</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., male paratype 8
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Epicephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epicephala angustisaccula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angustisaccula">Epicephala angustisaccula</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., male paratype 9-10 Morphology of female proboscis: 9
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Epicephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epicephala domina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="domina">Epicephala domina</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., female paratype, head slide No. WZB14297 (genitalia slide No. WZB14295 for determination) 10
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Epicephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epicephala impolliniferens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impolliniferens">Epicephala impolliniferens</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., female paratype, head slide No. WZB14298 (genitalia slide No. WZB14160 for determination). Scale bar: 2.0 mm (5-6); 0.5 mm (9, 10).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Male genitalia (Fig. 11). Tegumen broadly triangular, narrowed and sclerotized laterally. Tuba analis elongate, gradually narrowed toward apex, exceeding caudal margin of tegumen apically. Costa sub-rectangular, longer than tegumen, distal 1/3 more or less broadened, apex obliquely rounded; dorsal margin straight; ventral margin with basal 3/4 slightly arched inward, with a rounded process at 3/4, with dense long setae on distal half. Sacculus elongate oval, about 4/5 length of costa, acute-angled apically, dorsal margin more arched, distal part of dorsal and ventral margins heavily sclerotized. Transtilla broad at base, long triangular. Vinculum broad V-shaped, rounded on posterior margin; saccus club-shaped, shorter than vinculum, acute at apex. Phallus thin and straight, as long as valva; cornutus in a shape of a rolled plate, with minute spines.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
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Figures 11-14. Male genitalia of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Epicephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epicephala" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Epicephala</taxonomicName>
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spp. 11
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Epicephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epicephala domina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="domina">Epicephala domina</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., holotype, genitalia slide No. WZB14337 12
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Epicephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epicephala impolliniferens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impolliniferens">Epicephala impolliniferens</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., paratype, genitalia slide No. WZB14278 13
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Epicephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epicephala camurella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="camurella">Epicephala camurella</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., holotype, genitalia slide No. WZB14043 14
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Epicephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epicephala angustisaccula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angustisaccula">Epicephala angustisaccula</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., paratype, genitalia slide No. WZB14001. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Female genitalia (Fig. 15). Ovipositor small, bilobed apically, dentate laterally. Apophysis posterioris slightly longer than apophysis anterioris. Lamella postvaginalis large, as long as 8th abdominal segment, heavily sclerotized, deeply concave at middle on caudal margin to half length, forming two triangles with acute apex. Antrum cylindrical, strongly sclerotized, as long as ductus bursae. Ductus bursae about half length of apophysis anterioris, membranous, with broad longitudinal sclerotized parallel folds, extending from base to corpus bursae; ductus seminalis membranous, arising anterior of antrum. Corpus bursae oval, as long as ductus bursae, with reticulate patches medially; signum a stout tooth, placed at middle.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
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Figures 15-16. Female genitalia of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Epicephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epicephala" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Epicephala</taxonomicName>
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spp. 15
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Epicephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epicephala domina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="domina">Epicephala domina</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., paratype, genitalia slide No. WZB14295 16
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Epicephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epicephala impolliniferens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impolliniferens">Epicephala impolliniferens</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., paratype, genitalia slide No. WZB14249. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (15, 16); 0.1 mm (15a, 16a).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="55" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
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This new species is similar to the majority of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Epicephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epicephala" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Epicephala</taxonomicName>
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species in forewing pattern by having a white dorsal margin, but can be separated from other species by its genitalia. The new species is more similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Epicephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epicephala ancylopa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ancylopa">Epicephala ancylopa</taxonomicName>
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Meyrick, 1918, but can be distinguished from the latter in the male genitalia by the ventral margin of the costa with a rounded process at 3/4, the sacculus about 4/5 length of the costa and the acute apex; and in the female genitalia by the lamella postvaginalis as long as the 8th abdominal segment and the presence of signum. In
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Epicephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epicephala ancylopa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ancylopa">Epicephala ancylopa</taxonomicName>
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(Lectotype ♂, BMNH, examined; Syntypes: ♂, BMNH, examined, genitalia slide No. 32324, ♀, BMNH, examined, genitalia slide No. 32330, both dissected by Houhun Li), in the male genitalia the ventral margin of the costa has a rounded process at 2/3, the sacculus is about 3/4 length of the costa and bluntly rounded at apex; in the female genitalia the lamella postvaginalis is shorter than the 8th abdominal segment and the signum is absent.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="55" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="55">244♂, 430♀, with genitalia preparations of 244♂ and 93♀.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
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Holotype ♂ − CHINA: Hainan Province: Yinggeling Mountain Nature Reserves (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="19.016666">19°01'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="109.55">109°33'E</geoCoordinate>
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), 450 m, 07.ii.2014, reared from host-plant
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Glochidion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Glochidion sphaerogynum" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sphaerogynum">Glochidion sphaerogynum</taxonomicName>
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by Zhibo Wang, genitalia slide no. WZB14337.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
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Paratypes − CHINA: Hainan Province: 4♀, Yinggeling Mountain Nature Reserves (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="19.016666">19°01'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="109.55">109°33'E</geoCoordinate>
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), 450 m, 25.xii.2009-25.i.2010, leg. Bingbing Hu; 243♂, 426♀, same locality as holotype, 19.xii.2012-22.i.2013, 12.i.-19.ii.2014, reared or collected from
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Glochidion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Glochidion sphaerogynum" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sphaerogynum">Glochidion sphaerogynum</taxonomicName>
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by Zhibo Wang (2♂, 2♀, deposited in BMNH).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="55" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="55">China (Hainan).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="55" type="biology">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
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Larvae feed on seeds in the fruits of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Glochidion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Glochidion sphaerogynum" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sphaerogynum">Glochidion sphaerogynum</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Müll">Muell</normalizedToken>
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.Arg.) Kurz (
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<taxonomicName family="Phyllanthaceae" lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" rank="family">Phyllanthaceae</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="55" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
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The specific name is derived from the Latin dominus (master, lord), in reference to its status as the dominant
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Epicephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epicephala" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Epicephala</taxonomicName>
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species associated with
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Glochidion" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Glochidion sphaerogynum" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sphaerogynum">Glochidion sphaerogynum</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |