248 lines
32 KiB
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248 lines
32 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="762E7D02207E5BF50FFAFDFB694B98FC">A journey through the history of the British Chrysididae (Hymenoptera): unexpected taxonomic problems, new records and description of a new species</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="9B9889CA761A4F27FF66FCD8FE70FCD5" authority="Harris, 1776" authorityName="Harris" authorityYear="1776" box="[160,503,778,804]" class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="866" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus">
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<emphasis id="6EEC2E5B761A4F27FF66FCD8FE70FCD5" bold="true" box="[160,503,778,804]" pageId="26" pageNumber="866">
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Chrysis politus
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<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761A4F27FEA7FCD8FE70FCD5" author="Harris M" box="[353,503,778,804]" pageId="26" pageNumber="866" pagination="69 - 70" refId="ref25306" refString="Harris M. 1776. An exposition of English insects. Vol. 2. London: White and Robinson; p. 69 - 70." type="book chapter" year="1776">
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<emphasis id="6EEC2E5B761A4F27FEA7FCD8FE70FCD5" bold="true" box="[353,503,778,804]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="866">Harris, 1776</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="1482A1C2761A4F27FF66FCEDFCC3FC8B" pageId="26" pageNumber="866" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="5C27F249761A4F27FF66FCEDFC05FCA9" blockId="26.[160,898,831,890]" box="[160,898,831,856]" pageId="26" pageNumber="866">
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<taxonomicName id="9B9889CA761A4F27FF66FCEDFD89FCA9" authority="Harris, 1776, p. 70" authorityName="Harris" authorityPageNumber="70" authorityYear="1776" box="[160,526,831,856]" class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="866" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus">
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<emphasis id="6EEC2E5B761A4F27FF66FCEDFEBCFCA9" box="[160,315,831,856]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="866">Chrysis politus</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="ECF0F814761A4F27FE85FCEDFD89FCA9" box="[323,526,831,856]" country="United Kingdom" location="England" pageId="26" pageNumber="866" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761A4F27FE85FCEDFE40FCA9" author="Harris M" box="[323,455,831,856]" pageId="26" pageNumber="866" pagination="69 - 70" refId="ref25306" refString="Harris M. 1776. An exposition of English insects. Vol. 2. London: White and Robinson; p. 69 - 70." type="book chapter" year="1776">Harris, 1776</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 70
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="83234CEB761A4F27FDDEFCEDFDF8FCA9" box="[536,639,831,856]" pageId="26" pageNumber="866" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="4A9E39C0761A4F27FD41FCEDFD1CFCA7" box="[647,667,831,854]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="866" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectingCountry id="248FB2D9761A4F27FD6EFCEDFC83FCA9" box="[680,772,831,856]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="26" pageNumber="866">England</collectingCountry>
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(type lost).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5C27F249761A4F27FF66FCB3FCC3FC8B" blockId="26.[160,898,831,890]" box="[160,836,865,890]" pageId="26" pageNumber="866">
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Synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="9B9889CA761A4F27FEE8FCB3FD13FC8B" authority="(Fabricius, 1787)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1787" box="[302,660,865,890]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Omalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="866" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeneus">
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<emphasis id="6EEC2E5B761A4F27FEE8FCB3FE52FC8B" box="[302,469,865,890]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="866">Omalus aeneus</emphasis>
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(Fabricius, 1787)
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</taxonomicName>
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: present paper.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="1482A1C2761A4F26FF66FC4DFC92FCE6" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="867" pageId="26" pageNumber="866" type="discussion">
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<taxonomicName id="9B9889CA761A4F27FF66FC4DFE06FC49" authority="Harris" authorityName="Harris" authorityYear="1776" box="[160,385,927,952]" class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="866" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus">
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<emphasis id="6EEC2E5B761A4F27FF66FC4DFEBDFC49" box="[160,314,927,952]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="866">Chrysis politus</emphasis>
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Harris
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</taxonomicName>
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has not been mentioned in any subsequent publication following its original description. The species description matches perfectly with
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<taxonomicName id="9B9889CA761A4F27FC22FC13FECAFC0C" authority="Fabricius, 1787" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1787" class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="866" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aenea">
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<emphasis id="6EEC2E5B761A4F27FC22FC13FB03FC2B" box="[996,1156,961,986]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="866">Chrysis aenea</emphasis>
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Fabricius, 1787
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</taxonomicName>
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[currently
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<taxonomicName id="9B9889CA761A4F27FE16FC36FCC3FC0C" authority="(Fabricius, 1787)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1787" box="[464,836,996,1021]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Omalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="866" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeneus">
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||
<emphasis id="6EEC2E5B761A4F27FE16FC36FDFBFC0C" box="[464,636,996,1021]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="866">Omalus aeneus</emphasis>
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||
(Fabricius, 1787)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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] and it is clearly its senior synonym. However,
|
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<taxonomicName id="9B9889CA761A4F27FE4EFBD5FDB7FBD1" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1787" box="[392,560,1031,1056]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Omalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="866" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeneus">
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<emphasis id="6EEC2E5B761A4F27FE4EFBD5FDB7FBD1" box="[392,560,1031,1056]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="866">Omalus aeneus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is the name currently in use, being a common and widespread Palaearctic species, also introduced in the Nearctic region (
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<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761A4F27FC77FBFBFF50FB94" author="Bohart RM & Kimsey LS" pageId="26" pageNumber="866" pagination="1 - 266" refId="ref23872" refString="Bohart RM, Kimsey LS. 1982. A synopsis of the Chrysididae in America North of Mexico. Memoir Am Entomol Inst. 33: 1 - 266." type="journal article" year="1982">Bohart and Kimsey 1982</bibRefCitation>
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||
); moreover, it is the
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||
<typeStatus id="83234CEB761A4F27FE0BFB9EFE78FB94" box="[461,511,1100,1125]" pageId="26" pageNumber="866">type</typeStatus>
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||
species of
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<taxonomicName id="9B9889CA761A4F27FD43FB9EFCF1FB94" authority="Panzer, 1801" authorityName="Panzer" authorityYear="1801" box="[645,886,1100,1125]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Omalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="866" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="6EEC2E5B761A4F27FD43FB9EFD5FFB94" box="[645,728,1100,1125]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="866">Omalus</emphasis>
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Panzer, 1801
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</taxonomicName>
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. For these reasons, the application of the Principle of Priority has to be set aside and I here apply to the reversal of precedence in accordance with the Art. 23.9 of the Code. In fact, the prevailing usage must be maintained when the two conditions are both met: (1) the senior synonym has not been used as a valid name after 1899 and (2) the junior synonym has been used for this species as a valid name in at least 25 works published by at least 10 authors in the immediately preceding 50 years and encompassing a span of not less than 10 years (eg
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<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FF66FF24FEC3FEFE" author="Banaszak J" box="[160,324,246,271]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" refId="ref23679" refString="Banaszak J. 1980. Zlotolitki Chrysididae. Katalog Fauny Polski. 26: 52." type="journal volume" year="1980">Banaszak 1980</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FE96FF24FE62FEFE" author="Morgan D" box="[336,485,246,271]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" pagination="1 - 37" refId="ref26431" refString="Morgan D. 1984. Cockoo-Wasps. (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Handbk Ident Br Insects. 6 (5): 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="1984">Morgan 1984</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FE36FF24FD0CFEFE" author="Leclercq J" box="[496,651,246,271]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref25743" refString="Leclercq J. 1988. Hymenoptera Chrysididae. Atlas provisoire des Insectes de Belgique (et des regions limitrophes). Notes faunistiques de Gembloux. 15: 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1988">Leclercq 1988</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FD51FF24FC21FEFE" author="Jacobs HJ & Oehlke J" box="[663,934,246,271]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" pagination="121 - 229" refId="ref25402" refString="Jacobs HJ, Oehlke J. 1990. Beitrage zur Insektenfauna der DDR: Hymenoptera: Sphecidae. 1. Nachtrag. Beitrage zur Entomologie. 40: 121 - 229." type="journal article" year="1990">Jacobs and Oehlke 1990</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FC74FF24FF50FEC3" author="Kimsey LS & Bohart RM" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" refId="ref25524" refString="Kimsey LS, Bohart RM. 1991. The Chrysidid Wasps of the World. New York: Oxford University Press; p. 652." type="journal volume" year="1991">Kimsey and Bohart 1991</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FF2FFECBFEE3FEC3" author="Kunz PX" box="[233,356,281,306]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" pagination="1 - 188" refId="ref25704" refString="Kunz PX. 1994. Die Goldwespen (Chrysididae) Baden-Wurttembergs. Taxonomie, Bestimmung, Verbreitung, Kartierung und Okologie. Beihefte zu den Veroffentlichungen fur Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege in Baden-Wurttemberg. 77: 1 - 188." type="journal article" year="1994">Kunz 1994</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FEB3FECBFD86FEC3" author="Mingo E" box="[373,513,281,306]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" refId="ref26170" refString="Mingo E. 1994. Hymenoptera Chrysididae. Fauna Iberica. Vol. 6. Madrid: Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas; p. 256." type="journal volume" year="1994">Mingo 1994</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FDD5FECBFD2AFEC3" author="Strumia F" box="[531,685,281,306]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref28867" refString="Strumia F. 1995. Hymenoptera Chrysididae. In: Minelli A, Ruffo S, La PS, editors. Checklist delle specie della fauna italiana. Vol. 99. Bologna: Calderini; 1 - 9." type="book chapter" year="1995">Strumia 1995</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FD79FECBFC0BFEC3" author="Linsenmaier W" box="[703,908,281,306]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" pagination="1 - 140" refId="ref25930" refString="Linsenmaier W. 1997. Die Goldwespen der Schweiz. Veroffentlichungen aus dem Natur-Museum Luzern. 9: 1 - 140." type="journal article" year="1997">Linsenmaier 1997</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FF66FEEEFED1FEA4" author="Schneider N" box="[160,342,316,341]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" pagination="173 - 193" refId="ref28155" refString="Schneider N. 2002. Inventaire et atlas provisoires des Chrysidides du Luxembourg (Hymenoptera, Aculeata). Archives de l'Institut grand-ducal de Luxembourg, section des sciences naturelles, physiques et mathematiques. NS. 44: 173 - 193." type="journal article" year="2002">Schneider 2002</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FEAEFEEEFE66FEA4" author="Rosa P" box="[360,481,316,341]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" refId="ref27333" refString="Rosa P. 2006. I crisidi della Valle d'Aosta. In: Monograph. Vol. 6. Saint-Pierre: Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali; p. 394." type="journal volume" year="2006">Rosa 2006</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FE35FEEEFCBCFEA4" author="Jacobs HJ & Kornmilch JC" box="[499,827,316,341]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" pagination="73 - 94" refId="ref25371" refString="Jacobs HJ, Kornmilch JC. 2007. Die Goldwespen MecklenburgVorpommerns (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae). Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte. 51 (2): 73 - 94." type="journal article" year="2007">Jacobs and Kornmilch 2007</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FC8BFEEEFBB6FEA4" author="Schmid-Egger C" box="[845,1073,316,341]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" pagination="5 - 40" refId="ref28088" refString="Schmid-Egger C. 2010. Rote Liste der Wespen Deutschlands. Hymenoptera Aculeata: grabwespen (Ampulicidae, Crabronidae, Sphecidae), Wegwespen (Pompilidae), Goldwespen (Chrysididae), Faltenwespen (Vespidae), Spinnenameisen (Mutillidae), Dolchwes pen (Scoliidae), Rollwespen (Tiphiidae) und Keulhornwespen (Sapygidae). Ampulex. 1: 5 - 40." type="journal article" year="2010">Schmid-Egger 2010</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FB84FEEEFF50FE86" author="Arens W" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" pagination="553 - 621" refId="ref23517" refString="Arens W. 2014. Die Goldwespen der Peloponnes (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae) 1. Teil: die Gattungen Cleptes, Omalus, Holopyga, Hedychrum, Hedychridium und Euchroeus; mit Beschreibung einer neuen Cleptes Art. Linzer biologische Beitrage. 46 (1): 553 - 621." type="journal article" year="2014">Arens 2014</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FF2FFE8CFE77FE86" author="Paukkunen J & Rosa P & Soon V & Johansson N & Odegaard F" box="[233,496,350,375]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" pagination="1 - 67" refId="ref26896" refString="Paukkunen J, Rosa P, Soon V, Johansson N, Odegaard F. 2014. Faunistic review of the cuckoo wasps of Fennoscandia, Denmark and the Baltic countries (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Zootaxa. 3864 (1): 1 - 67. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3864.1.1." type="journal article" year="2014">
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Paukkunen
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<emphasis id="6EEC2E5B761B4F26FEB5FE8CFE20FE86" box="[371,423,350,375]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="867">et al</emphasis>
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. 2014
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FDC4FE8CFDBEFE86" author="Paukkunen J & Berg A & Soon V & Odegaard F & Rosa P" box="[514,569,350,375]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" pagination="1 - 116" refId="ref26838" refString="Paukkunen J, Berg A, Soon V, Odegaard F, Rosa P. 2015. An illustrated key to the cuckoo wasps (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) of the Nordic and Baltic countries, with description of a new species. ZooKeys. 548: 1 - 116. doi: 10.3897 / zookeys. 548.6164" type="journal article" year="2015">2015</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FD8DFE8CFC80FE86" author="Martynova KV" box="[587,775,350,375]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" pagination="33 - 75" refId="ref26070" refString="Martynova KV. 2015. Key for the identification of cuckoo wasps (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) of Eastern Ukraine. Ukrainian Entomol J. 1 - 2 (10): 33 - 75. [in Ukraininan and English]." type="journal article" year="2015">Martynova 2015</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FCDEFE8CFC5EFE86" author="WiSniowski B" box="[792,985,350,375]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" refId="ref29128" refString="WiSniowski B. 2015. Cuckoo-wasps (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae) of Poland. Diversity, identification, distribution. Krakow: Ojcow National Park, Poligrafia Inspektoratu Towarzystwa Salezjanskiego; p. 563." type="journal volume" year="2015">WiŚniowski 2015</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FC2DFE8CFBFAFE86" author="Gogala A" box="[1003,1149,350,375]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" pagination="1 - 78" refId="ref25139" refString="Gogala A. 2016. Cuckoo wasps of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae). Scopolia. 88: 1 - 78." type="journal article" year="2016">Gogala 2016</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FF66FE53FE38FE6B" author="Ozbek H & Strumia F" box="[160,447,385,410]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" pagination="75 - 104" refId="ref26803" refString="Ozbek H, Strumia F. 2019. Research on the subfamily Chrysidinae (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae) Fauna of Turkey with distributional evaluation. Acta Entomol Serbica. 23: 75 - 104." type="journal article" year="2019">Özbek and Strumia 2019</bibRefCitation>
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;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FE09FE53FD0DFE6B" author="Pauli T & Castillo & Cajas RF & Rosa P & Kukowka S & Berg A & van den Berghe E & Fornoff F & Hopfenmuller S & Niehuis M & Peters RS" box="[463,650,385,410]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" pagination="322 - 336" refId="ref26952" refString="Pauli T, Castillo - Cajas RF, Rosa P, Kukowka S, Berg A, van den Berghe E, Fornoff F, Hopfenmuller S, Niehuis M, Peters RS, et al. 2019. Phylogenetic analysis of cuckoo wasps (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae) reveals a partially artificial classification at the genus level and a species-rich clade of bee parasitoids. Syst Entomol. 44 (2): 322 - 336. doi: 10.1111 / syen. 12323." type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Pauli
|
||
<emphasis id="6EEC2E5B761B4F26FDD6FE53FDC4FE6B" box="[528,579,385,410]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="867">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FD5CFE53FC13FE6B" author="Wiesbauer H & Rosa P & Zettel H" box="[666,916,385,410]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" refId="ref29096" refString="Wiesbauer H, Rosa P, Zettel H. 2020. Die Goldwespen der Mitteleuropa. Biologie, Lebensraume, Artenportrats. Stuttgart: Verlag Eugen Ulmer; p. 248." type="journal volume" year="2020">
|
||
Wiesbauer
|
||
<emphasis id="6EEC2E5B761B4F26FCDCFE53FCCAFE6B" box="[794,845,385,410]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="867">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FC62FE53FF50FE4C" author="Falahatpisheh A & Fallahzadeh M & Dousti AF & Strumia F & Saghaei N" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" pagination="29 - 37" refId="ref24979" refString="Falahatpisheh A, Fallahzadeh M, Dousti AF, Strumia F, Saghaei N. 2021. A survey of the genus Chrysis (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae) in Fars province, with six new records for Iranian fauna. J Entomol Res Soc. 12: 29 - 37." type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Falahatpisheh
|
||
<emphasis id="6EEC2E5B761B4F26FB8DFE53FBF9FE6B" box="[1099,1150,385,410]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="867">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FF20FE76FDC9FE4C" author="Frommer U & Tischendorf S" box="[230,590,420,445]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" refId="ref25030" refString="Frommer U, Tischendorf S. 2021. Kommentierte Rote Liste der Goldwespen Hessens. 1. Fassung. Umwelt und Geologie: Hessisches Landesamt fur Naturschutz; p. 248." type="journal volume" year="2021">Frommer and Tischendorf 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). I therefore establish the reversal of precedence according to Art. 23.9.1, giving the senior synonym
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9B9889CA761B4F26FD13FE14FC71FE2E" authority="Harris, 1776" authorityName="Harris" authorityYear="1776" box="[725,1014,454,479]" class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6EEC2E5B761B4F26FD13FE14FCE9FE2E" box="[725,878,454,479]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="867">Chrysis politus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FCB5FE14FC71FE2E" author="Harris M" box="[883,1014,454,479]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" pagination="69 - 70" refId="ref25306" refString="Harris M. 1776. An exposition of English insects. Vol. 2. London: White and Robinson; p. 69 - 70." type="book chapter" year="1776">Harris, 1776</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the status of
|
||
<emphasis id="6EEC2E5B761B4F26FF66FE3BFECDFDF3" box="[160,330,489,514]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="867">nomen oblitum</emphasis>
|
||
and junior synonym
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9B9889CA761B4F26FD83FE3BFC16FDF3" authority="Fabricius, 1787" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1787" box="[581,913,489,514]" class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aenea">
|
||
<emphasis id="6EEC2E5B761B4F26FD83FE3BFD5AFDF3" box="[581,733,489,514]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="867">Chrysis aenea</emphasis>
|
||
Fabricius, 1787
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the status of
|
||
<emphasis id="6EEC2E5B761B4F26FBF1FE3BFE97FDD4" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="867">nomen protectum</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="08E7A2C1761A4F27FF66F959FC97F94E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13219847" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13219847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13219847/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="866" startId="26.[160,225,1675,1698]" targetBox="[165,1150,1288,1640]" targetPageId="26" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="5C27F249761A4F27FF66F959FC97F94E" blockId="26.[160,1155,1675,1727]" pageId="26" pageNumber="866">
|
||
<emphasis id="6EEC2E5B761A4F27FF66F959FE82F953" bold="true" box="[160,261,1675,1698]" pageId="26" pageNumber="866">Figure 15.</emphasis>
|
||
A.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9B9889CA761A4F27FEE5F959FD91F953" authority="Harris, 1776" authorityName="Harris" authorityYear="1776" box="[291,534,1675,1698]" class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="866" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curax">
|
||
<emphasis id="6EEC2E5B761A4F27FEE5F959FE19F953" box="[291,414,1675,1698]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="866">Chrysis curax</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761A4F27FE65F959FD91F953" author="Harris M" box="[419,534,1675,1698]" pageId="26" pageNumber="866" pagination="69 - 70" refId="ref25306" refString="Harris M. 1776. An exposition of English insects. Vol. 2. London: White and Robinson; p. 69 - 70." type="book chapter" year="1776">Harris, 1776</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, drawing with detail of the wing venation. B. Teratological wing of a cuckoo wasp with additional closed cell in the medial cell.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="5C27F249761B4F26FF06FDFCFC92FCE6" blockId="27.[160,1157,142,791]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867">
|
||
Although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9B9889CA761B4F26FEE9FDFCFDEDFDB6" authority="(Harris, 1776)" baseAuthorityName="Harris" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[303,618,558,583]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Omalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6EEC2E5B761B4F26FEE9FDFCFE56FDB6" box="[303,465,558,583]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="867">Omalus politus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FE1BFDFCFDE5FDB6" author="Harris M" box="[477,610,558,583]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" pagination="69 - 70" refId="ref25306" refString="Harris M. 1776. An exposition of English insects. Vol. 2. London: White and Robinson; p. 69 - 70." type="book chapter" year="1776">Harris, 1776</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is considered a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9B9889CA761B4F26FC65FDFCFB8AFDB6" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1787" box="[931,1037,558,583]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Omalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6EEC2E5B761B4F26FC65FDFCFB8AFDB6" box="[931,1037,558,583]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="867">O. aeneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the name remains available and therefore
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9B9889CA761B4F26FDCAFD83FC0AFD9B" authority="(du Buysson, 1887)" baseAuthorityName="du Buysson" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[524,909,593,618]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Omalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6EEC2E5B761B4F26FDCAFD83FD28FD9B" box="[524,687,593,618]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="867">Omalus politus</emphasis>
|
||
(du Buysson, 1887)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, original combination
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9B9889CA761B4F26FF66FDA6FED9FD7C" box="[160,350,628,653]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Ellampus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6EEC2E5B761B4F26FF66FDA6FED9FD7C" box="[160,350,628,653]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="867">Ellampus politus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, becomes a secondary junior homonym and should be renamed. However, in in this case also I suggest preserving the use of the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9B9889CA761B4F26FBC1FD44FE82FD23" authority="(du Buysson)" baseAuthorityName="du Buysson" class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Ellampus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6EEC2E5B761B4F26FBC1FD44FBD6FD5E" box="[1031,1105,662,687]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="867">politus</emphasis>
|
||
(du Buysson)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because it is in prevailing use in major works (eg du Buysson 1891–1896;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FF66FD0EFEDAFD04" author="Trautmann W" box="[160,349,732,757]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" refId="ref28982" refString="Trautmann W. 1927. Die Goldwespen Europas. Weimar: Uschmann; p. 194." type="journal volume" year="1927">Trautmann 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FEA8FD0EFDBFFD04" author="Linsenmaier W" box="[366,568,732,757]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" pagination="1 - 232" refId="ref25863" refString="Linsenmaier W. 1959. Revision der Familie Chrysididae (Hymenoptera) mit besonderer Berucksichtigung der europaischen Spezies. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft. 32 (1): 1 - 232." type="journal article" year="1959">Linsenmaier 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="38098FB8761B4F26FD8FFD0EFCE0FD04" author="Kimsey LS & Bohart RM" box="[585,871,732,757]" pageId="27" pageNumber="867" refId="ref25524" refString="Kimsey LS, Bohart RM. 1991. The Chrysidid Wasps of the World. New York: Oxford University Press; p. 652." type="journal volume" year="1991">Kimsey and Bohart 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 1999), while the senior synonym has not been used as a valid name after 1899.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |