treatments-xml/data/AA/6D/20/AA6D201F29775BAE9CD4590CEFCA5168.xml
2024-06-21 12:47:16 +02:00

743 lines
55 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document ID-CLB-Dataset="59958" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.103882" ID-GBIF-Dataset="58b283e2-bf49-4656-8668-6086b2b4e003" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-230-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="365B97AE96F45DB295043BF02F4AF4BE" ModsDocID="1314-2003-230-1" checkinTime="1691127498364" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Peterson, Paul M., Herrera Arrieta, Yolanda, Lobo Cabezas, Silvia &amp; Romaschenko, Konstantin" docDate="2023" docId="AA6D201F29775BAE9CD4590CEFCA5168" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 230: 1-106" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 230" docPubDate="2023-08-03" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.103882" docTitle="Muhlenbergia pereilema P. M. Peterson, Caldasia 31 (2): 293. 2009." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="365B97AE96F45DB295043BF02F4AF4BE" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="365B97AE96F45DB295043BF02F4AF4BE" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of Muhlenbergia (Poaceae, Chloridoideae, Cynodonteae, Muhlenbergiinae) in Central America: phylogeny and classification" masterLastPageNumber="106" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1691128203638" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="E983D3D0C1A6DBAC82472C2C559FEE98" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="038351B49CE03C363D648092DCBB5B96">
<mods:title id="D2FCFBB39233F32B4125D63E3827E811">Taxonomic revision of Muhlenbergia (Poaceae, Chloridoideae, Cynodonteae, Muhlenbergiinae) in Central America: phylogeny and classification</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="F1E3C9C5DDD8320F98B92D8863741250" type="personal">
<mods:role id="EAF63160CB9B4B1B2F404F2B74E8AB4A">
<mods:roleTerm id="00DA6D9796AA4969188C8951B5836C26">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="85FF641C309EA0AAC3D7D6A39C386F6B">Peterson, Paul M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="AE89F7D483058DD20C6685E1DB602A57" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9405-5528</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="E4D467951025DA27EF3BEAF0D496DF10">Department of Botany MRC- 166, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7052AE2C10B892ABA8441C84547C249C" type="email">peterson@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="ADD3B6E14DCBEDD41CB043C16D2A0DD9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2F80A000FF1009FCC3528D78A32EACDB">
<mods:roleTerm id="DA163321E7426704AF425EE0666C2C79">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="7C21313DC17AFE13FC1C09F3FD447DD9">Herrera Arrieta, Yolanda</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6B4D0EC6D382A2729E91DFC79DCEA450" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3814-6518</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6B12424E228AE6E08730298E6E15FDF0">Instituto Politecnico Nacional, CIIDIR Unidad-Durango-COFAA, Durango, C. P. 34220, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="7F40567858D71AE7188C431D898A837F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5443863AE44714152D36CC13F73ADECD">
<mods:roleTerm id="9611C8AB36BD5F174D22A715B173628B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E62ED7E85AD825133D7948AA7CCD632F">Lobo Cabezas, Silvia</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2029ECCC408D89D3C8E8A9AF51E92C7A" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8100-2559</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="43809F7D3E78879079EB0B718A40D3AB">Herbario Nacional, Museo Nacional de Costa Rica, Apartado Postal 749 - 1000, San Jose, Costa Rica</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="A8DC9B164606556E03B39DE0D5D9727C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="1FF998E731CC3605419402733CCBEB70">
<mods:roleTerm id="32C4661166A62372082498A014D23411">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="117A8C88B9802EE37E7A7B0AE06C4619">Romaschenko, Konstantin</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9ACB96AC2CD49191592B16D3823244BB" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7248-4193</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="8A52CB0AA2425D8A1BFF50990C781776">Department of Botany MRC- 166, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="16EDAC020DE074E07A7A3D22BA5DB82C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="31B37D4E1209EE000AAD8DB74CC8B665" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="25AA8FBB2BDD5454C0F0F2AE1B17FDFC">
<mods:title id="8F631984C1B74473167BE0B3A46EC3A3">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="8330F01D7645BB804FF757AF53E495E6">
<mods:date id="3F9B8E6C1C0A117B14858486770AF5B1">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="F93970B58677FE9E68D358EF1B84857F" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="2423F5B23EE43C1E2D357F21A5ADD2A9">2023-08-03</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="1E97A2ABD50B48D170E8612D7783F87F" type="volume">
<mods:number id="4796DE741BE49A9E47E55623EC50E12B">230</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="5B7BF5B724F00DB853F7696A42D4B482" unit="page">
<mods:start id="67E580E83557B305DCF19AF1CCDD193E">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="C76E12BE416D373A2743E90EE08F4950">106</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="5D086C29B47BFC7AB33DEF3694D59E3D">
<mods:url id="B5FC510B6BE7A89D32BD66F747B626B2">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.103882</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="D0E37F2AD6125A554E3262BF4A800ACB">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="071437351685EFDFC510AC70D51300BA" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.230.103882</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FD613DC4EA50C9FB112F4BC68EB3D7BF" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-230-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="901D38A5C8A53E5077B0DB08902B2BA1" type="Pensoft-UUID">365B97AE96F45DB295043BF02F4AF4BE</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="AA6D201F29775BAE9CD4590CEFCA5168" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AA6D201F29775BAE9CD4590CEFCA5168" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AA6D201F29775BAE9CD4590CEFCA5168" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="3824975BDE459EF514F5C169EDC15AA2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D61D791A431BBF295C7A707693AAE00C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
21.
<taxonomicName id="6E9D394FA139D1EC05401F8F827B3D4B" ID-CoL="44JLB" ID-ENA="433898" LSID="AA6D201F-2977-5BAE-9CD4-590CEFCA5168" authority="P. M. Peterson, Caldasia 31 (2): 293. 2009." authorityName="P. M. Peterson, Caldasia 31 (2): 293. 2009." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Muhlenbergia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Muhlenbergia pereilema" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pereilema">Muhlenbergia pereilema P.M. Peterson, Caldasia 31(2): 293. 2009.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E41CF0537F16D674E33C6F7773BACC1D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="597E38A852CEFA2430D449A8A1E490EA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="81C65F262B19327C6DD52A84D83734EB" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. A-F Muhlenbergia pereilema P. M. Peterson A habit B ligule with auricles C portion of the inflorescence D glumes E floret F stamens, pistil, and lodicules G-L Muhlenbergia plumiseta Columbus G habit H ligule with auricles I portion of the inflorescence J bristles K floret L stamens and pistil. A-F drawn from A. S. Hitchcock 9050 (US) G-L drawn from C. G. Pringle 5962 (US)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.230.103882.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/887884" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 16A-E</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="949F682BE50117AE47CFB5352B018389" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="548CCA4CACFBDE2CD4FE5CFD46E06C0C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="59D02EC85AFB3DBBA64E0BF6D3F0BA30" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Pereilema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pereilema crinitum" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crinitum">Pereilema crinitum</taxonomicName>
J. Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 1(4-5): 233, t. 37, f. a-f. 1830. Type: Panama,
<emphasis id="2BF5885D1EA711D4C055D29E20140570" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. Haenke s.n.</emphasis>
(holotype: PR-198058!; isotypes: BR-0000006886257 [image!], HAL-0107173 [image!], LE-TRIN-1519.01!, M, MO-123263!, PR-849!, W-0029492 [image!], W-0029493 [image!], W-18890238189 [image!]). Basionym.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A15B86C74DA7AB5DBF3B6263CA5691E0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="502EF4515A50B6E8996D4A4489FE42AE" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Pereilema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pereilema crinitum subsp. var. var. cirratum" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="crinitum" subSpecies="var." variety="cirratum">= Pereilema crinitum var. cirratum</taxonomicName>
E. Fourn., Mexic. Pl. 2: 93. 1886. Type:
<normalizedToken id="B4AE85599BAF3B4751972BC7D79F0C26" originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
, Veracruz, Escamella, Orizaba, 24 Oct 1866, E. Bourgeau 3272 (
<emphasis id="C7D8D50AD65B7761D597C0360EF64BF9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">lectotype, designated here</emphasis>
: P-00751681 [image!]; isolectotypes: L-0062313 [image!], S14-29644 [image!], US-996097! ex P).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="608C533FFF481ED0F4F277537D102AB2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="42B25E3E3246A1DFC1738B6C79E4370E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="59639CDD240426CD9375BF196D705F72" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Delicate, caespitose,
<emphasis id="4C0722C476FE885600CF1711229FF15F" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">annuals</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="8D0500660592E1D1A0F2E51F72BA7F48" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Culms</emphasis>
15-90 cm tall, decumbent, rooting from flower nodes, mostly smooth and glabrous below the nodes; internodes usually glabrous to scaberulous.
<emphasis id="4456FD779EBF12E28D9D73CB7F86FDF5" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaf sheaths</emphasis>
longer than the internodes, smooth or scaberulous;
<emphasis id="7616DA20A3A80754890176FA86DBBCA3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">ligule</emphasis>
s 0.5-1 mm long, membranous, eciliate, irregularly erose;
<emphasis id="69F9FE3259E05454FEF1C80337A5FEAA" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">blades</emphasis>
5-15 cm long, 2-3(-5) mm wide, flat, acuminate, auriculate near base;
<emphasis id="6F0925567ECD335CC3B1E10B56EBCF54" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">auricles</emphasis>
1-1.5 mm long, falcate.
<emphasis id="50F3594B764CFD58504B448D2B3E5BF3" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Panicles</emphasis>
5-20 cm long, 1-3 cm wide, spiciform, linear, continuous or interrupted;
<emphasis id="5A76B7BE181DB106D37876309465031A" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">primary branches</emphasis>
0.5-3.5 cm long, appressed, the spikelets arising just above the sterile spikelets or bristles;
<emphasis id="63C9F59051DF1D4E47505AB9A928451F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">bristles</emphasis>
2-4 mm long, antrorsely scabrous;
<emphasis id="5EC47D63FB72A45AF5CB932C1A11D5D4" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">pedicels</emphasis>
0.1-0.2 mm long, oblong, arising just above the bristles.
<emphasis id="49DF8CCC0EC04250FE97BBE5901B0A14" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Spikelets</emphasis>
1.5-2.6 mm long, greenish to stramineous, subtended by an involucre of persistent bristles, disarticulation below the glumes;
<emphasis id="8A54DFA122C6662EE44F1AAF61DE6F6C" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">glumes</emphasis>
0.8-1.5 mm long, equal, narrowly awl-shaped, awned, the awns 1-3 mm long;
<emphasis id="441FA8A9CD5BA3AAFB9C2AE72042CADB" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">lemmas</emphasis>
1.5-2.6 mm long, ovate, keeled, 3-veined, with appressed hairs below, lateral veins close to margins, scabrous, apex acuminate, awned, the awns (15-)20-30 mm long, flexuous, callus hairy, the hairs 0.3-1 mm long;
<emphasis id="239DEBE8A000BA768FECF6F5066628DB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">palea</emphasis>
similar to lemma;
<emphasis id="B4AEAF999C0E38EE5F331981A9AB7584" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">stamens</emphasis>
3,
<emphasis id="E95CF04CE25A3712AD2307C9540D0AA5" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">anthers</emphasis>
0.5-0.7 mm long, yellow;
<emphasis id="14016E87CB1AB7FC258A77E7D9A219D4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">style</emphasis>
1.
<emphasis id="7FFEA204B9B47D89EEB9F4F395D396D2" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Caryopses</emphasis>
0.8 mm long, ellipsoid, with adherent pericarp.
<emphasis id="BDACAF2A827A5F1B788882931F106A0B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2n</emphasis>
= 20 (
<bibRefCitation id="083864ED8F5AC3F47681C494011B10CB" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/2805632" author="Pohl, RW" journalOrPublisher="Brittonia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="293 - 324" refId="B45" refString="Pohl, RW, Davidse, G, 1971. Chromosome numbers of Costa Rican grasses. Brittonia 23 (3): 293 - 324, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2805632" title="Chromosome numbers of Costa Rican grasses." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/2805632" volume="23" year="1971">Pohl and Davidse 1971</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="A23269D712C332B5756251F72275467D" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.230.103882.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/887884" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 16" startId="F16">
<paragraph id="5F0EC8AB49519943419BBA1CA525C6CC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="3FCDBB1A5B10A8037F8F857D8BDFD39F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 16.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="CD81183FDF3384FCFC340ED37D0A95BB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FD67ACBAF4EB491AAB0F2663D2C22A80" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Muhlenbergia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Muhlenbergia pereilema" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pereilema">
<emphasis id="DD324F98A9633AF4428574C8B81F80BE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Muhlenbergia pereilema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
P.M. Peterson
<emphasis id="0CEC9AF77795FD363F7C9489D8813EF2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
habit
<emphasis id="EFF015AEB62E4B9578AB3E12CBEE8DFF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
ligule with auricles
<emphasis id="C2309D013CF877F183AEE2537A37B168" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
portion of the inflorescence
<emphasis id="674FF6C137BAD97C38187444F1563DEC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
glumes
<emphasis id="0F5A8E2FE9A96EE76631BF2DFFE96CBC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
floret
<emphasis id="EFD71B7A751559CC1ACCE5B4192C9C18" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
stamens, pistil, and lodicules
<emphasis id="243916C00A9C739A59D96BD87631857A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G-L</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BA6107C398B4B6D362C6E8B91CA7534B" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Muhlenbergia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Muhlenbergia plumiseta" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="plumiseta">
<emphasis id="BE446306B196443AF8FD5C67C7A082AC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Muhlenbergia plumiseta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Columbus
<emphasis id="8DFBDAA8AA5C827C8017A8825A6FA285" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
habit
<emphasis id="9BD6F636715BF86E2BA3946F8B9BD77B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
ligule with auricles
<emphasis id="098D28C7E1F61B199EFBBB056BC45231" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
portion of the inflorescence
<emphasis id="88EA67E2199BF4E84C96265A825C3872" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
bristles
<emphasis id="05347E15CFB1930FA2397BC92F57A210" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
floret
<emphasis id="D9A885E84907F9827A34BED3870E88A8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
stamens and pistil.
<emphasis id="2154D44D867A0C674850CC4AFCED6149" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-F</emphasis>
drawn from
<emphasis id="1CBB07C15A590DCD1B78331A8614BC03" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A.S. Hitchcock 9050</emphasis>
(US)
<emphasis id="0CEEB36D45357B03E45FB617263FF5AB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G-L</emphasis>
drawn from
<emphasis id="6F0BE7FD982588E170BCF0A30A8A807C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C.G. Pringle 5962</emphasis>
(US).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="363DADF95FA83AC331D04E366EF7884E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7DBB5FDA07AF1427345DC2E88CC6BF87" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F56B4237E7DB122A73879B0B8FDF20A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="ABB2BED5235CE36B7D672439A21AE0A5" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Muhlenbergia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Muhlenbergia pereilema" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pereilema">
<emphasis id="469F323CD95B2619ED18FAE6ABB793C6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Muhlenbergia pereilema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ranges from throughout
<normalizedToken id="F8A335187741E3C7AAE988CBBAE769AD" originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
to Central (Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras,
<normalizedToken id="267D1AC67AB669B0FA06532B0DFCA588" originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
, Nicaragua, and Panama) and South America (
<bibRefCitation id="B1A0D7F40DC76A230891DBE2E833544C" author="Peterson, PM" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the United States National Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 255" refId="B34" refString="Peterson, PM, Soreng, RJ, Davidse, G, Filgueiras, TS, Zuloaga, FO, Judziewicz, EJ, 2001. Catalogue of New World grasses (Poaceae): II. subfamily Chloridoideae. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 41: 1 - 255" title="Catalogue of New World grasses (Poaceae): II. subfamily Chloridoideae." volume="41" year="2001">Peterson et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2B06A293DFBF6C5FFA61F5B6E741A0C8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
<paragraph id="35362F8C6EC0DFD6778510A9E43A1EA5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="27373EE7D952873ADC7753776B969406" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">This species occurs on grassy slopes and rocky roadsides, ravines, and barrancas in tropical and oak-pine forests; 50-2450 m.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BC083BDBE633B118449D4D27686C6397" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="comments">
<paragraph id="92E3B3AA51C0D2506179BA3904283751" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="85F3B54A43A2660A512A8D79B9D05449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="DDBFDAF1115784E2E4B07A8CB77C96CB" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Muhlenbergia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Muhlenbergia pereilema" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pereilema">
<emphasis id="AB1CF531619AE25598932C12632DE7DD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Muhlenbergia pereilema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be separated from
<taxonomicName id="88C690622F0948EEF5036232F0016B78" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. plumiseta" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="plumiseta">
<emphasis id="1F5DB9935213BFBF1AE2DD5978477914" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. plumiseta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having persistent, scabrous bristles (plumose in
<taxonomicName id="14587268E880A6DC7E5E5D87DDF74D6A" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. plumiseta" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="plumiseta">
<emphasis id="12B43DA222BE9D8062A867007F66499E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. plumiseta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and wider panicles (1-3 cm in
<taxonomicName id="8521C82FAD893C3566E3534815922D7B" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. pereilema" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pereilema">
<emphasis id="1F88C5112071A4FE61176AB15D96E430" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. pereilema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 0.2-0.6 cm wide in
<taxonomicName id="B25B98B396C209187FD812807F1BE967" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. plumiseta" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="plumiseta">
<emphasis id="7DCE825569CAFD757FDA70CF9B0723D4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. plumiseta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) [
<bibRefCitation id="D1F7EC46F12D3F68349FB6354AA92C7B" author="Pohl, RW" editor="Davidse, G" journalOrPublisher="Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologia, Mexico, D. F." pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="286 - 287" refId="B44" refString="Pohl, RW, 1994b. 89. Pereilema J.S. Presl. In: Davidse, G, Sousa, SM, Chater, AO, Eds., Flora Mesoamericana, volume 6, Alismataceae a Cyperaceae. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologia, Mexico, D.F.: 286 - 287" title="89. Pereilema J. S. Presl." volumeTitle="Flora Mesoamericana, volume 6, Alismataceae a Cyperaceae." year="1994 b">Pohl 1994B</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="480452A4ECD61FF2406D5690D7C5049F" author="Herrera Arrieta, Y" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Miscellany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 239" refId="B18" refString="Herrera Arrieta, Y, Peterson, PM, Cortes Ortiz, A, 2010. Gramineas de Zacatecas, Mexico. Sida. Botanical Miscellany 32: 1 - 239" title="Gramineas de Zacatecas, Mexico. Sida." volume="32" year="2010">Herrera Arrieta et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
; Herrera Arrieta and Peterson 2018]. This species forms a clade with
<taxonomicName id="641FC99DFE5ADCD46AC26041522B5D69" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. beyrichiana" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="beyrichiana">
<emphasis id="4C4DD366E376123C5C20B21C12A3BC24" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. beyrichiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kunth and
<taxonomicName id="B3B7254CF55ECAE2E01F0193CC4000F2" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. plumiseta" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="plumiseta">
<emphasis id="E524B2F7C5E6D7F42BFD4AF04D7AD6E8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. plumiseta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
within
<taxonomicName id="376691D4546D24E2E5A6B2C7F9367C5C" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. (Muhlenbergia) subsp. subg." order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Muhlenbergia">M. subg. Muhlenbergia</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="28587E7E9D5F9A9025616771386B2B87" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12805" author="Peterson, PM" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Systematics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="621 - 629" refId="B41" refString="Peterson, PM, Roquet, C, Romaschenko, K, Herrera Arrieta, Y, Susanna, A, 2021. A biogeographical analysis of Muhlenbergia (Poaceae: Chloridoideae: Cynodonteae: Muhlenbergiinae). Journal of Systematics and Evolution 60 (3): 621 - 629, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12805" title="A biogeographical analysis of Muhlenbergia (Poaceae: Chloridoideae: Cynodonteae: Muhlenbergiinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12805" volume="60" year="2021">Peterson et. al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CB410C5E4DCFE3A958324B08E049A992" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B27C64D57177E1B64406A8F67F626376" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="35BE19987D2F12886EB2DE5509D8187C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingCountry id="C335D03A23A1F7312C0ACC48734CB029" name="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="07B83E94919C93AF5445E07FCE81F144" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingRegion id="2939F51150C75681D499BE45F0D5FF79" country="Costa Rica" name="Alajuela">Alajuela</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Atenas, Balsa, alrededores de las Escuela Centroamericana de
<normalizedToken id="4665AB719A2FC60557C529FDA3C6C158" originalValue="Gandería">Ganderia</normalizedToken>
,
<emphasis id="EF2D5FA40F8072A4957396E4AD89FCFB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
J.
<normalizedToken id="097020E6639BB74C8E1B658DFFCC9E02" originalValue="Gómez-L">Gomez-L</normalizedToken>
6127
</emphasis>
(CR);
<quantity id="94DB97C27E2752DFF0CD7DE558552E97" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
S Carrizal, open roadside in coffee plantation,
<emphasis id="E5A676C95724EE772E331967A80881B5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R.W. Pohl &amp; G. Davidse 11502</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="5A1B5D80D6D9BC38CFE93D71CDCCC577" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
, CR); La Garita, dam in the canyon of the Rio Grande de Tarcoles,
<emphasis id="5CBF4279F6E238635A1B4AFA122BD290" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R.W. Pohl &amp; G. Davidse 11494</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="4521B360E41B4B210CE07ED46F354E35" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
, CR);
<quantity id="D537AE034BAEC6875D68548EDE5920B9" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
N of
<collectingCountry id="2D7CC731F06B1AC3E4B1A0257592ED9F" name="Greece">Grecia</collectingCountry>
,
<emphasis id="DE27EDF25206BD093345BE888ACD5E5B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R.W. Pohl &amp; G. Davidse 11523</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="093C521B0C35C532D8FFAFFC42598B19" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
, CR).
<emphasis id="D5C797A2F67AC43527C2D2639C8971F0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cartago</emphasis>
: Roadside N of Puente Negro, N of Orosi,
<emphasis id="18B3E41B6D06417318E774B995BCB974" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R.W. Pohl &amp; M. Lucas 13153</emphasis>
(MO, CR); Turrialba,
<normalizedToken id="8C998F157BE07DC74DEB003A3B1C48E0" originalValue="Près">Pres</normalizedToken>
de la station de Juan
<normalizedToken id="F8FD0F9AD6383982F906665DECABB458" originalValue="Viñas">Vinas</normalizedToken>
,
<emphasis id="A6DB76254D0A03CB570011E1B5F1E427" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. Pittier 1759</emphasis>
(CR); San Juan Norte,
<emphasis id="3892D6D5C1FE0F73B336C36848AAEE8D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. W. Pohl &amp; G. Davidse 11435</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="544BA310DEAFE6A1CA9B685622A666CD" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
, CR); vicinity of Finca Las Concavas,
<emphasis id="646D12D17E26D05190A5F53AA6927EFA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P.C. Standley 41551</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="E69D133E900A89567DDFFDDDEB673361" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
).
<emphasis id="8D0F14164B39009034FC5C585F7870E8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Heredia</emphasis>
: Orillas de la
<normalizedToken id="D1172ACD767FE567E0AF28D2F7741836" originalValue="vía">via</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="45D370022C705EDCD833BBC351FBAE52" originalValue="férrea">ferrea</normalizedToken>
a Heredia,
<emphasis id="51D889F006F692AF982A48E400AD238F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A.M. Brenes 13284</emphasis>
(CR); Barva, bordes del
<normalizedToken id="A1B200D0BB08A58BA24E21D6F413C052" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Segundo,
<emphasis id="F09E02FDDEDDAAC099DA1386049560A8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
J.
<normalizedToken id="B35DAD924C8683470F74A1F318E903AB" originalValue="León">Leon</normalizedToken>
415
</emphasis>
(CR); El Gallito de Heredia,
<emphasis id="E1DAB75C0B8CB6CCD2D9A463799AB85D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. Valerio 540</emphasis>
(CR).
<emphasis id="FBF263772170028A2FA2D835D7C4FFBF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Puntarenas</emphasis>
: Paturage a Boruca,
<emphasis id="958C7DF649D3B6D8209FD63D4DA03757" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. Tonduz 3689</emphasis>
(CR); Savannas de Boruca,
<emphasis id="720F05CD5C6D11B273ED401486467F9D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. Pittier (Tonduz</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="BEC71F84DF0BC792DB9F829B8BA2E967" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A.) 4450</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="0713391DF8FAFCC2B0158E41BD86BFC9" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
, CR); Boca de Barranca,
<emphasis id="0A48BB1165EDEB66BAE27591F14EE0AD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. Montiel s.n.</emphasis>
(USJ); Bord du chemin a Mano de Tigre,
<emphasis id="EB0385F5ACE26E9D136DE58AE5A1A822" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. Pittier (Tonduz</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="FD357F72066446ED542C9A4E1FCADC8A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A.) 4627</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="1D989889333F01C76136300ECF7C4C95" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
, CR).
<emphasis id="FB9F9F026B178BD15906E9E2E30F3EC7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
San
<normalizedToken id="2455236AE8CA18529A4C6C1DECCD111C" originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Acosta, camino a Bajo Palma,
<emphasis id="F99E1F71897869E2232EEEB878871402" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J.F. Morales 7439</emphasis>
(INB, MO); Puriscal, Alto La Escalera, a lo largo del camino entre San Ignacio y Guaitil, cuenca del Pirris-Damas. Valle del Candelaria, Alto La Escalera en el camino a Bajo Arias y La Cruz,
<emphasis id="30AC2B37B2B69E93B07405CF91F9437C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J.F. Morales &amp; B. Hammel 6049</emphasis>
(MO, INB, CR); Acosta, Cuenca del Pirris-Damas, Cerros de Caraigres, cabeceras del
<normalizedToken id="D3B2968AE1075C5AEED4602D8F425D44" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
La Mesa, cerca Ceiba Este,
<emphasis id="6655D8FE66DF4AE8DF604FC2019EF9D4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J.F. Morales &amp; J.F. Corrales 6032</emphasis>
(MO, INB); Mora,
<normalizedToken id="A00B4583C8FD80FB100AFF6F0B267823" originalValue="Colón">Colon</normalizedToken>
, le long des chemins dans la
<normalizedToken id="86FF2CD4A34B46A3BF22F05688278193" originalValue="vallée">vallee</normalizedToken>
du rio Jaris,
<normalizedToken id="A40344125B6CC1145E8661D981C5B110" originalValue="prés">pres</normalizedToken>
de Pacaca,
<emphasis id="AB20A1668FEC50307D2F8E01140201D9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. Pittier 3329</emphasis>
(CR); Mora,
<normalizedToken id="6360A844858ABCF5CA380A394189875F" originalValue="Colón">Colon</normalizedToken>
, en la orilla del camino de lastre que va de
<collectingCountry id="528D3874A43D8ACB5497B4DCAAD10041" name="Brazil">Brasil</collectingCountry>
a Ciudad
<normalizedToken id="3188296CA131F426865B731F3345C0E4" originalValue="Colón">Colon</normalizedToken>
,
<emphasis id="160AB979305F15EA71EADBC7A23E333B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. Lobo 2309</emphasis>
(CR);
<normalizedToken id="0A32CB3EC98382BD33EAC372EB7E67BD" originalValue="Escazú">Escazu</normalizedToken>
, San Antonio,
<emphasis id="2B83076E67688C3F7E2D707BA4394FAA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
D.
<normalizedToken id="8DE5EB82D2899AF372ED3D51E14F74F2" originalValue="Santamaría">Santamaria</normalizedToken>
3648
</emphasis>
(INB, MO); Bordes
<normalizedToken id="AFD4EABD50B64A5A38AF34F6EE6B484E" originalValue="líneas">lineas</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="A14565F4ECB93F2927CA5B8EA10EDEA8" originalValue="férreas">ferreas</normalizedToken>
San
<normalizedToken id="5ADE4AC4B337E076A6FFD73E4D0116C6" originalValue="José-Guadalupe">Jose-Guadalupe</normalizedToken>
,
<emphasis id="D211B99131D97ADD2569CF8EA3C66734" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. Tonduz 709</emphasis>
(CR); Hacienda La Esperanza, La Palma,
<emphasis id="120DE17C3C51B0012EA0880BF2B664FE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
O.
<normalizedToken id="07865115C509B8A34B42C7DE91FA850F" originalValue="Jiménez">Jimenez</normalizedToken>
973
</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="7C7D3924FFC8EA1FD239C4C1C57A0E60" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
, CR); Sur un rocher au bord du rio Virilla, sous le pont du F. C. R.,
<normalizedToken id="9FCFB02BEA102568A862861FBF0C4EB5" originalValue="près">pres</normalizedToken>
San Juan,
<emphasis id="6117D80B706B70069CF2EC6EEF35B592" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. Tonduz 17556</emphasis>
(CR);
<quantity id="9CFC24A6E02B4999C6BCF0C183195F74" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="km" value="13.0">13 km</quantity>
N of San Isidro de El General along carretera interamericana,
<emphasis id="E53A9899A3D699CB2078F965F3191079" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. W. Pohl &amp; G. Davidse 11626</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="F8B8401C8EB22DCE61DD185FC01E0DB1" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
, CR); San Pedro,
<emphasis id="EED5B474F5A750C1C744F8A1C3EB4ECB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">W.A. Archer 3888</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="0663753A7721770ACCD67C7969B25287" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
); Tibas, collected along the
<normalizedToken id="37FC36CE0DCD7D29C332213713EA451A" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Virilla about
<quantity id="DA3BF1B65145F896B73A14832B46E558" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
S of Santo Domingo,
<emphasis id="E3D1F9AEF34BA17125874ADE7AD4E0E8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J. Taylor 17313</emphasis>
(MO).
<collectingCountry id="584966163D62CDF91A8A390B14B4D531" name="El Salvador">El Salvador</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="F9AD6AA593DC81D0432B2AAFE4C0E593" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken id="DE2948D69A375D962F335D39621C028F" originalValue="Ahuachapán">
<collectingRegion id="5316AEA7A4380BC7C158873410962B24" country="El Salvador" name="Ahuachapan">Ahuachapan</collectingRegion>
</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
:
<normalizedToken id="6928A660FA8EA3B65901BAAAF98C19B2" originalValue="Ahuachapán">
<collectingRegion id="866F841540F4F43BF98E55F4A384C5DA" country="El Salvador" name="Ahuachapan">Ahuachapan</collectingRegion>
</normalizedToken>
,
<emphasis id="6761ADE475DCC2B45C6627D14C4E1D17" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S.A. Padilla 134</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="222F47A28CB75FB193484B26DE02C093" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
); San Benito, al N de la cima del cerro La Olla,
<emphasis id="2B40B0419074042FEA1C91037871F334" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. Sandoval &amp; Chinchilla 767</emphasis>
(LAGU, MO).
<emphasis id="1C2FCD65B6D882B9760700A46BD5A2F1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">La Libertad</emphasis>
: Nueva San Salvador, Jardin Botanico La Laguna,
<emphasis id="C0FA7505E1659F647605C6A31A5D07AC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">W.G. Berendsohn 1003</emphasis>
(LAGU, MO); Boqueron del
<normalizedToken id="44084B514D1FA1DF9E1EDE181CF78104" originalValue="Volcán">Volcan</normalizedToken>
de San Salvador,
<emphasis id="5397ED8C2D8B597EC900F872DB6706DF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
L. E.
<normalizedToken id="156D2818703C844299D304A87422448B" originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
1851
</emphasis>
(MO, ITIC).
<emphasis id="698C8704EAB78C5F774D860FD8969E93" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">San Salvador</emphasis>
: San Salvador,
<emphasis id="F5E74B6AD7ADA8550782D1591A538C6C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
S.
<normalizedToken id="1D27EEC523D379037E4410ED12ED2F8C" originalValue="Calderón">Calderon</normalizedToken>
494
</emphasis>
(MO); San Martin,
<emphasis id="BC60FBC9E920C9D2100BEB3B1C4D31BE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
S.
<normalizedToken id="45AAB1D5EE751D0E67ED2177B59C90B7" originalValue="Calderón">Calderon</normalizedToken>
1902
</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="4CA51E81683F05543C8917865F656B31" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
); Cerro el Guayabal,
<emphasis id="D8A9F3BF8F688665AD11C86B05A4D12D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
S.
<normalizedToken id="325A9C60D1ABE315592290F1C3F47348" originalValue="Calderón">Calderon</normalizedToken>
1964
</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="07654485EB06D0AA6018166105D8551B" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
).
<collectingCountry id="D1ECE31B5E36F41EAA78D3DD4B1B169B" name="Guatemala">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="AFFC5F5876AE8316297275BAB98782AC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingRegion id="3F4236B8299DA7BC52DA906707FE0A0B" country="Guatemala" name="Alta Verapaz">Alta Verapaz</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
, Coban,
<emphasis id="7E63094A29EDEC2F78E19247F66B42F2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
H. von
<normalizedToken id="06D09D819EEAA678F253B5C285FFA805" originalValue="Türckheim">Tuerckheim</normalizedToken>
743
</emphasis>
(MO);
<normalizedToken id="3E807B1BEB945FF00B22B570B69DC117" originalValue="Cobán">Coban</normalizedToken>
,
<emphasis id="B45CEA14D68E3290186B1C01A33053B3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
H. von
<normalizedToken id="AF70626637C9FE4E079446584929B41C" originalValue="Türckheim">Tuerckheim</normalizedToken>
1362
</emphasis>
(MO);
<emphasis id="84C88A82ABA1071289F3E9503AD3BA31" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
H. von
<normalizedToken id="BDE5B6DBD8EFB9A823E5486BC8E22DFD" originalValue="Türckheim">Tuerckheim</normalizedToken>
1509
</emphasis>
(MO,
<collectingCountry id="E47B9A8C13D2225A47F4A03F26FCED62" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
); Area of mixed forest and clearings, hills about
<quantity id="2CA57DF909A2F5711A6AB5C05E8301ED" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
south of Coban,
<emphasis id="56423E8EF4DC6899E66D00D5007C09F3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. O. Williams et al. 40051</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="8F124BEED32F092694CFB378B62891F8" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
); Finca aved near Coban,
<emphasis id="466137B71EE1BDD9F1E05E8E4712D1BD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">W. Popenoe 903</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="8CA36B27A4952560A187872B151D6E09" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
).
<emphasis id="9071703047905FEDB37F9BDCA09EF10C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chimaltenango</emphasis>
: along road from Chimaltenango to San Martin Jilotepeque,
<emphasis id="74A87A8EDA4CAF49D3595E2C3B27D4BE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P.C. Standley 57894</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="713F3191C2CC327BEE6B4C1DFE8364B6" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
).
<emphasis id="2FEB53D0FD7CC89DE674664D09D3199B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chiquimula</emphasis>
: Volcan Ipala, near Amatillo, bordering lake on top,
<emphasis id="AF9A6FEA43B633B7615A98A39A715BF0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J.A. Steyermark 30491</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="C3B06A6C11F3787F4B846458CA1A6CEB" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
).
<emphasis id="F0115B2C285D728220595CCFA0C10B75" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Huehuetenango</emphasis>
: Thickets and forest in deep canyon of a tributary of Rio Blanco, about
<quantity id="BC5269F8AD63C77058033099578C573D" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
W of Aguacatan,
<emphasis id="5FB575335C9B2A9D5414417F5216F320" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L.O. Williams et al. 22338</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="3627D46E3076E7A9A124F17D328F6E0F" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
).
<emphasis id="33C97C3ECF01C03A2818E76EA529C4AD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Jalapa</emphasis>
: vicinity of Jalapa, pine-oak forest,
<emphasis id="5772DA05A5369D37A88CD4D26B3F5FF3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P.C. Standley 76749</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="7CEF5E295409E535E4A33510F9D1C7AD" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
). Jutiapa: Volcan Chingo,
<emphasis id="8088E58214810BA3434BF8BF00EFBE57" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J. Donnell Smith 3673</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="7546D51DA9ECE8F4A411B6B61CBDACD2" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
).
<emphasis id="0131973E231D7F22BFE45441062D62EC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingCountry id="A9C9F994DEEC8F9E62E9E2ABC8490449" name="Guatemala">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingRegion id="4519286C69EC04BAC53AF44ED08A14F7" country="Guatemala" name="Guatemala">Guatemala City</collectingRegion>
,
<emphasis id="205D8013E18E64DEB14E75242673F015" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A.S. Hitchcock 9050</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="2ED55065E8AD2659449CF42792AA2DDE" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
); Guatemala City, rocky hill,
<emphasis id="1E9A2C769880160033672CBF7B1A0BBC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A.S. Hitchcock 9031</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="845F825689FF1B772FF21A662807C6C7" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
); Guatemala City, barranca north of Guatemala city,
<emphasis id="8FE680B8BCD454D53D7333327B440B67" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">W. Popenoe 733</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="7BFE1197D7E91FFC611C2D04124E7C66" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
); San Antonio, Las Roces,
<emphasis id="5E6A04D638F1D11FF23B35E5BDF2F9D0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rojas 385</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="3FFE0A27C90AD6FA31004621B53BED78" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
).
<emphasis id="9D4088C8BF708C401D7E26400C1B67BA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Santa Rosa</emphasis>
: Chupadero,
<emphasis id="4DC0045768C49A257DD47BED61E12227" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J. Donnell Smith 3914</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="349CEAB3C6D92E73877219F8BEBEADCF" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
); Cerro Redondo,
<emphasis id="5CE81800D276A83A91438413873B583F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J. Donnell Smith 6274</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="A2504C55E2FC453569B7F601A5A43489" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
).
<emphasis id="69D91E615404E7BF5A0DC55AD9B5F36A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solola</emphasis>
: Mixed forest area, mountain slopes above Lake Atitlan, about
<quantity id="610D614BC688CD156673C8FDA05D1DBA" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="km" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3-5 km</quantity>
W of Panajachel,
<emphasis id="598E5032A295754CF888F6B6BA16E488" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L.O. Williams et al. 25278</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="516FD14E2DF12159A0D440084DF8399F" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
).
<collectingCountry id="8ED3B3F9183E22740854B2652293E685" name="Honduras">Honduras</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="573916D269FC1B5706030539D210F147" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingRegion id="A2F31C9496E0AFC8598B5EA0BF5F8819" country="Honduras" name="El Paraiso">
El
<normalizedToken id="DA3492689E49D3ABF8CDB3FF31E0C45F" originalValue="Paraíso">Paraiso</normalizedToken>
</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<normalizedToken id="9D1B2407F2FA9C0F293E7BEB84BB18C2" originalValue="Yuscarán">Yuscaran</normalizedToken>
, la Piedra de Apaguiz,
<quantity id="AC8FED85224F1511F574D29FA0BF6472" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="km" value="3.5">3.5 km</quantity>
al SE de
<normalizedToken id="3A53DC267640BC5181E0A67B9F39B194" originalValue="Danlí">Danli</normalizedToken>
,
<emphasis id="A3E34BDEF6C55A08540C2B700F4D1CE7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N.P. Estrada 137</emphasis>
(MO, CR, TEFH); Arauca, Las Manos,
<quantity id="195B2C2A43729E05AD2D1D7A466074B5" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
N of Las Manos, near Los Limones,
<emphasis id="8354CE650A4DF2C512972B0EC2732014" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R.W. Pohl &amp; M. Gabel 13429</emphasis>
(MO, CR); Road to
<normalizedToken id="8C4120749FDA422DD1E30EF31596C5DF" originalValue="Danlí">Danli</normalizedToken>
, near
<normalizedToken id="AEF312FE0BD39C8A6BDCF7AFE154784D" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
San Francisco,
<emphasis id="A75188AA570DD21E66D04FE1CA02838B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J. R. Swallen 11196</emphasis>
(MO); Road to Yuscaran,
<emphasis id="B5A6BB82F0A617152BB001601218D9B3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J.R. Swallen 11347</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="C433530D8359368EE459768FC5327039" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
).
<emphasis id="E8AF26C5305D22FBEC894E42FB81436E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Francisco
<normalizedToken id="FBC9D2BB7630C2C68CD0D315BB9606A8" originalValue="Morazán">Morazan</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Distrito Central, Cerro el Hatillo,
<quantity id="F9770316451A2FCACA28ADB3B941A208" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
al NE de Tegucigalpa; bosque premontano
<normalizedToken id="3A867DEE44360A93DE9E6FE7E26C4319" originalValue="húmedo">humedo</normalizedToken>
,
<emphasis id="5537706A2C02113C29280BEF6DA7E4BB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
L.M.
<normalizedToken id="07A328F3B645C4E3EA6303ACD9AF44BF" originalValue="Ordóñez">Ordonez</normalizedToken>
67
</emphasis>
(MO); San Antonio de Oriente, quarry above El Zamorano, on road to San Antonio de Oriente,
<emphasis id="13E6FE29E27DB2EB9A4AD9C7703B2DF9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R.W. Pohl &amp; G. Davidse 12505</emphasis>
(MO, CR); vicinity of El Zamorano, along &quot;Wood Road&quot;,
<emphasis id="67A34FD4AE802DE37C7296832AB9E6E1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J.R. Swallen 10821</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="1727E4CAC8393957B66EFFB7C0B6476A" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
); In pine woods near Piedra Herrada, Mt. Uyuca region,
<emphasis id="FD8DCABF650DABC1DE679C2A1112B879" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L.O. Williams 18543</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="34E94CEEFECEA14DAFFC3D86C2524B7D" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
); Drainage of the Rio Yeguare, Moist rocky bank near Agua Amarilla, in oak-pine forest,
<emphasis id="8E88D0DDC2D319298FEF656DD62D8BAE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L.O. Williams &amp; A. Molina R. 14723</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="4C52EBA33ED9A2C73058FD2CDFDB7582" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
).
<emphasis id="7D70F06E709DD1FB9480155675FD724A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Olancho</emphasis>
: Jutiapa Forest Camp, near
<normalizedToken id="C0825FFBADA41FAD7406083F299E887C" originalValue="Salamá">Salama</normalizedToken>
. Pine forest on a steep slope above a stream,
<emphasis id="886FF36CF43F3B75ECFFB8A24A5CF86F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R.W. Pohl &amp; M. Gabel 13749</emphasis>
(MO, CR).
<collectingCountry id="3AB31DB467E23D0DB3BD154D5A7E4074" name="Mexico">Mexico</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="4716980858D3B97522CFFE36A6FFACD6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingRegion id="864E91A3D6F6EF5D96EAAD8146BD49ED" country="Mexico" name="Chiapas">Chiapas</collectingRegion>
: Angel Albino Corzo
</emphasis>
: slopes of
<normalizedToken id="2E08DB169B3056680046376C70746350" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Cuxtepec, below Finca Cuxtepec,
<emphasis id="FA27C5EF362A20403DBF927DEA156672" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D.E. Breedlove &amp; G. Davidse 54676</emphasis>
(MEXU, CAS). Arriaga:
<quantity id="D23A076FB3706B881D80C8BA75903BC8" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="km" value="13.0">13 km</quantity>
N of Arriaga along Mex. Hwy. 195,
<emphasis id="2537261E04AFC095B59D3FAB48744E46" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D.E. Breedlove &amp; G. Davidse 54149</emphasis>
(CAS, MO); slope at El Sumidero,
<quantity id="E594A62F432D982D1327335163014908" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" unit="km" value="22.0">22 km</quantity>
N of Tuxtla Gutierrez,
<emphasis id="85961D8358496FE97F7D7326DD71FC7C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D.E. Breedlove &amp; P.H. Raven 13387</emphasis>
(DS); along ravines
<quantity id="65E398E8612267EF41F717F3AC8F0EFF" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="km" value="13.0">13 km</quantity>
N of Arriaga along Mexican Highway 195,
<emphasis id="3D224CB6B1D77B088DF4CEA1AFAC080C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D.E. Breedlove 28278</emphasis>
(MO).
<emphasis id="72F8E17C145A4590FAE0F99B6D7F4092" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cintalapa</emphasis>
:
<quantity id="46862D148A8C8CAE52B472E77F8D7C2C" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" unit="km" value="23.0">23 km</quantity>
W of Las Cruces along road to La Mina Microwave Station,
<emphasis id="3F1D38E86FFE74F4987BFE509CDF6A1A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D.E. Breedlove &amp; G. Davidse 54092</emphasis>
(CAS, MO). Chiapa de Corzo: above El Chorreadero,
<emphasis id="719B8B4E4273E9F1D6C61B5EDBC1BAF5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D.E. Breedlove &amp; G. Davidse 54032</emphasis>
(MEXU, CAS, MO);
<quantity id="73612DD6FD6932EE40C8B00EBACB18F5" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" unit="km" value="36.0">36 km</quantity>
E of Tuxtla Gutierrez,
<emphasis id="A8B39D58816277BAC196199797768BF0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F.W. Gould &amp; S. Hatch 14374</emphasis>
(ISC, DS);
<normalizedToken id="3DBE21E5C451A0AD17CE837C38C96A74" originalValue="Ixhuatán">Ixhuatan</normalizedToken>
:
<quantity id="94AF9A433D55FF45C6B6E4AB17EEA6DC" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
al N of Ishuatan,
<emphasis id="3508BBE700E63C3E5AD3E3C95279A372" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. Davidse et al. 29641</emphasis>
(MEXU, MO). Ixtapa: intersection of Tuxtla
<normalizedToken id="4D29B89BC5848230EDDFDE3D5792A737" originalValue="Gutiérrez-San">Gutierrez-San</normalizedToken>
Cristobal de las Casas and Villahermosa,
<emphasis id="7DFE9AA20D53B937BBA8548229A34466" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. Davidse et al. 30104</emphasis>
(MEXU, MO); near Ixtapa,
<emphasis id="F3A3075BDCB7520A36B6EC03CAD0B1EA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D.E. Breedlove &amp; G. Davidse 54264</emphasis>
(CAS, MO); along Mex Hwy
<quantity id="07D2B4A53E9EF6873FA555A5C25FE79D" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.826" unit="in" value="190.0">190 in</quantity>
the Zinacantan paraje of Muctajoc,
<emphasis id="1EDEC699D1DB9E892C9466F478522936" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D.E. Breedlove 13819</emphasis>
(DS).
<emphasis id="0BBE580247AE172C6320FC9705D16B23" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Motozintla</emphasis>
: Motozintla de Mendoza,
<quantity id="9D503DD3B50A7608222F7794CC15B85A" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.5" unit="km" value="26.0" valueMax="27.0" valueMin="25.0">25-27 km</quantity>
NE of Huixtla along rd to Motozintla SW of Toliman,
<emphasis id="1D23D374C170FB5777716170F46ACF53" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D.E. Breedlove 28593</emphasis>
(CHAPA, MEXU, DS, MO); Ejido Toliman, sobre la carr. Huixtla-Motozintla. Vega de Arroyo,
<emphasis id="541E89F5E8F0F6AD717389B8F53282DF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken id="D1F1CB90AC1F1AC084481C83797B11F9" originalValue="Gómez">Gomez</normalizedToken>
et al. 185
</emphasis>
(MEXU).
<emphasis id="38B697E0B9BFF6A2976F8D0A22650500" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tenejapa</emphasis>
: In the paraje of
<normalizedToken id="3D5F0673FDF8B967B6CD32C03BAC9400" originalValue="Mahosik">Mahosik'</normalizedToken>
,
<emphasis id="DCFD1FEC9535D5B65F1EFB1E30F72C31" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D.E. Breedlove 16146</emphasis>
(DS).
<emphasis id="E6A578F0C08CFE14C0F0677DB53BFEA5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Villa Corzo</emphasis>
: Above Colonia Vicente
<collectingRegion id="BBA1E2E3F5CF1936931C602B97A23D09" country="Mexico" name="Guerrero">Guerrero</collectingRegion>
on road to Finca Cuxtepec,
<emphasis id="26713287FB92E98241B6F08F56E6711D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D.E. Breedlove &amp; L. Strother 46573</emphasis>
(CAS, MO); Above Colonia Vicente
<collectingRegion id="B1AB1216EB1FD8BD232CA72272847779" country="Mexico" name="Guerrero">Guerrero</collectingRegion>
on road to Finca Cuxtepec,
<emphasis id="083576F6739E70D6BDD80C60799FAF74" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D.E. Breedlove &amp; G. Davidse 54567</emphasis>
(MEXU, CAS, MO). San Fernando: Parque Nacional del Sumidero,
<quantity id="267D540A79676F1BFEFB525FDBD5447B" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="km" value="21.0" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="20.0">20-22 km</quantity>
NW of Tuxtla
<normalizedToken id="76977CE828A989D0F5B309CAA5C8460A" originalValue="Gutiérrez">Gutierrez</normalizedToken>
,
<emphasis id="1155FAF453D1315B60BCF40770D2EA77" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. Davidse et al. 29767</emphasis>
(MEXU, MO).
<collectingCountry id="FDE4EA43B8E561969CE73E64255A64BF" name="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="BCA1EB9F945A830C71DA75ED7DCC372B" country="Nicaragua" name="Rivas">Rivas</collectingRegion>
,
<normalizedToken id="3405B5AC2FEDB6E7D451AD149A38C3AC" originalValue="Volcán">Volcan</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="5F942B9D27CB09EA6815B9D59B1B9BCA" originalValue="Concepción">Concepcion</normalizedToken>
,
<collectingCountry id="A670CE623F7B789912C12970427193E2" name="Iceland">Isla</collectingCountry>
Ometepe, plantas propias de la lava,
<emphasis id="B6DA5E3C98CCEAE93A109C85CE93C6C9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">W. Robleto T. 157</emphasis>
(MO, CR).
<collectingCountry id="41E39060C8A3629373C59D5567662BAE" name="Panama">Panama</collectingCountry>
.
<normalizedToken id="BCB3E25A2495014EF365A4EDF378DEC2" originalValue="Coclé">
<collectingRegion id="23C4C8BC25A97D6FCD21F5AB06DB38BF" country="Panama" name="Cocle">Cocle</collectingRegion>
</normalizedToken>
, vicinity of Ola,
<emphasis id="0F9F99FE9B669D8F92194A88BEB37106" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. Pittier 5046</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="4146AEB233BA57D2A4F842872460B416" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>