644 lines
84 KiB
XML
644 lines
84 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="9A1E2F12CB1B4FD1E1229B29BE54AE4E">Synergus Hartig species group (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) with partially smooth mesopleurae from the New World</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6B20A699C22F1A095DE19E27AE52C51B">Lobato-Vila, Irene</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C99ABB8CB669FC4BE26A1C9CAC7D269B">Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="819EBB78305D3BCA2B068A6F576D71E2">Equihua-Martínez, Armando</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0F8D4432C3A429852B4F157E68E93C55">Instituto de Fitosanidad, Colegio de Postgraduados, 56230 Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México, México & equihuaa @ colpos. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4392 - 3924</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="98B1858A89E408B97AE23D6377320B95">Instituto de Fitosanidad, Colegio de Postgraduados, 56230 Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México, México & estradae @ colpos. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1347 - 6369</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="8B19103778426A62BCF5D32A591909FD">División de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Km 38.5 Carretera México-Texcoco, Chapingo, Estado de México, México & dcibrian 48 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6788 - 0178</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="C0F1F694D75CC3223479C34F8326C3AF">División de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Km 38.5 Carretera México-Texcoco, Chapingo, Estado de México, México & umbr 757 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2451 - 807 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FAF9914C876E8AFB74ADEDCE929167EB">Pujade-Villar, Juli</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C615B4AC7519FEAB689DCC4F38C32D41">Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain & jpujade @ ub. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7798 - 2717</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="66ACE7B15715FA25C7C8FFC5FB355EEE" type="email">jpujade@ub.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="DE9CEF5F81B49F6C6451C9575CF6635D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="9AE4C5495CAEFE46E1CAB9F748A995B9">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BAFFCE89939B180E7BC89834420988C9">4822</mods:number>
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<treatment id="73607468FFA8FF96FF04AD4AFB5FF807" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450548" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177009719" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4450548" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:73607468FFA8FF96FF04AD4AFB5FF807" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/73607468FFA8FF96FF04AD4AFB5FF807" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA8FF88FF04AD4AFD47FAEA" authority="McCracken & Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[151,712,1374,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
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<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FF04AD4AFD47FAEA" bold="true" box="[151,712,1374,1401]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FF04AD4AFEEAFAEB" bold="true" box="[151,357,1374,1401]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Synergus flavens</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFA8FF88FEFEAD4BFD47FAEA" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[365,712,1374,1401]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFA8FF88FF04AD96FEA3FA0C" blockId="15.[151,712,1374,1438]" box="[151,300,1411,1438]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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(
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<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFA8FF88FF0CAD96FF70FA0C" box="[159,255,1411,1438]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figure 4</figureCitation>
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e–f)
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA8FF88FF04ADD2FDEAFA4D" authority="McCracken & Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[151,613,1479,1503]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
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<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FF04ADD2FECDFA4D" box="[151,322,1479,1503]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Synergus flavens</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFA8FF88FEDBADD2FDEAFA4D" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[328,613,1479,1503]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
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</materialsCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser. Biol. Sci. 3 (1): 55. Type material: CAS (
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<typeStatus id="24727BDCFFA8FF88FAF2ADD2FF79FA6C" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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),
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<materialsCitation id="4BA1CF23FFA8FF88FE9BADF3FD87FA6C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019622321" box="[264,520,1510,1534]" collectionCode="USNM" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
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<typeStatus id="24727BDCFFA8FF88FE9BADF3FE15FA6C" box="[264,410,1510,1534]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
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in
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<collectionCode id="9DD85DBBFFA8FF88FE28ADF3FD87FA6C" box="[443,520,1510,1534]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFA8FF88FF04AE10FC9BF9A9" blockId="15.[151,1436,1479,1595]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA8FF88FF04AE10FD07F98F" authority="McCracken & Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[151,648,1540,1565]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegatus">
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<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FF04AE10FEEAF98E" box="[151,357,1541,1564]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Synergus variegatus</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="4BA1CF23FFA8FF88FEF8AE11FD07F98F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019622311" box="[363,648,1540,1565]" collectionCode="CAS" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
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<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFA8FF88FEF8AE11FD07F98F" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[363,648,1540,1565]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
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</materialsCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Stanford Univ., Pubs., Univ. Ser. Biol. Sci. 3 (1): 51
|
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<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FB34AE10FA8BF98F" bold="true" box="[1191,1284,1541,1565]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">syn. nov.</emphasis>
|
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(in part). Type material (in part): CAS (
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<typeStatus id="24727BDCFFA8FF88FE2CAE36FDAEF9A9" box="[447,545,1571,1595]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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),
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<materialsCitation id="4BA1CF23FFA8FF88FDA1AE36FC80F9A9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019622314" box="[562,783,1571,1595]" collectionCode="CAS" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
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<typeStatus id="24727BDCFFA8FF88FDA1AE36FD35F9A9" box="[562,698,1571,1595]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
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in
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<collectionCode id="9DD85DBBFFA8FF88FD48AE36FC80F9A9" box="[731,783,1571,1595]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFA8FF88FF04AE7CFB6AF879" blockId="15.[151,1437,1641,2028]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FF04AE7CFB88F911" bold="true" box="[151,1031,1641,1668]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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Type material of
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<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA8FF88FEF2AE7CFCFBF911" authority="McCracken & Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[353,884,1641,1668]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FEF2AE7CFDAAF916" bold="true" box="[353,549,1641,1668]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Synergus flavens</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFA8FF88FDB8AE7CFCFBF911" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[555,884,1641,1667]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(examined).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="24727BDCFFA8FF88FB9DAE7CFB21F911" box="[1038,1198,1641,1667]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA8FF88FB27AE7FFB46F916" box="[1204,1225,1642,1668]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
with the following labels: ‘StanU Cal,
|
||
<date id="8F77E3BEFFA8FF88FEE0AE9BFE66F93A" box="[371,489,1677,1704]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1915-05">May 1915</date>
|
||
’ (white label) / ‘L.S.J.U., Lot. 554, Sub. 232’ (white label) / ‘Type’ (red label) / ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA8FF88FAE6AE98FF46F959" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FAE6AE98FF46F959" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">flavens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘Stanford Univ., Coll. L.A.C.M., Access’d 1964’ (white label) / ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA8FF88FB72AEA7FE80F97D" authority="Mc. & Eg." authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FB72AEA7FA13F959" box="[1249,1436,1713,1740]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Synergus flavens</emphasis>
|
||
Mc. & Eg.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ (white label with a black frame, handwritten) / ‘
|
||
<collectingRegion id="390D0B9CFFA8FF88FCBBAEC0FC10F97D" box="[808,927,1749,1775]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
Academy of Sciences, Type No. 5814’ (white label) / ‘
|
||
<typeStatus id="24727BDCFFA8FF88FF67AEECFEE6F881" box="[244,361,1785,1811]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA8FF88FEE2AEEFFE09F886" box="[369,390,1786,1812]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA8FF88FE1CAEEFFC1BF881" authority="McCracken & Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[399,916,1785,1812]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FE1CAEEFFDC3F881" box="[399,588,1785,1812]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Synergus flavens</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFA8FF88FDC6AEECFC1BF881" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[597,916,1785,1811]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, IL-V desig-2019’ (red label).
|
||
<collectionCode id="9DD85DBBFFA8FF88FB62AEECFF62F8A5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">PARALECTOTYPES</collectionCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA8FF88FF6EAF08FEAFF8A5" box="[253,288,1821,1847]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
) with the following labels: ‘StanU Cal,
|
||
<date id="8F77E3BEFFA8FF88FD73AF0BFCDAF8AA" box="[736,853,1821,1848]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1915-05">May 1915</date>
|
||
’ (white label) / ‘L.S.J.U., Lot. 554, Sub. 232’ (white label) / ‘PARATYPE’ (yellow label) / ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA8FF88FDD4AF57FC8DF8C9" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[583,770,1857,1884]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FDD4AF57FC8DF8C9" box="[583,770,1857,1884]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Synergus flavens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
McC + Egb’ (white label with a black frame, handwritten) / ‘Paralectotye
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA8FF88FEA1AF73FEC8F812" box="[306,327,1894,1920]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA8FF88FEDDAF73FCC4F8ED" authority="McCracken & Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[334,843,1893,1920]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FEDDAF73FD86F8ED" box="[334,521,1893,1920]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Synergus flavens</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFA8FF88FD82AF70FCC4F8ED" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[529,843,1893,1919]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, IL-V desig-2019’ (red label) (
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA8FF88FB36AF70FB4AF8ED" box="[1189,1221,1893,1919]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
); ‘StanU Cal,
|
||
<date id="8F77E3BEFFA8FF88FAFAAF73FF5DF836" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1915-05">May 1915</date>
|
||
’ (white label) / ‘L.S.J.U., Lot. 554, Sub. 232’ (white label) / ‘PARATYPE’ (yellow label) / ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA8FF88FB73AF9FFA13F831" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[1248,1436,1929,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FB73AF9FFA13F831" box="[1248,1436,1929,1956]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Synergus flavens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Egbert’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘Beut. Coll, rec’d1939’ (white label) / ‘
|
||
<typeStatus id="24727BDCFFA8FF88FC40AFB8FBB5F855" box="[979,1082,1965,1991]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
No.52962
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFFA8FF88FB25AFB8FB6BF855" box="[1206,1252,1965,1991]" name="United States of America" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">U.S.</collectingCountry>
|
||
N.M’ (red label) / ‘Paralectotye
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA8FF88FED2AFC7FED9F87E" box="[321,342,2002,2028]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA8FF88FECEAFC7FCD5F879" authority="McCracken & Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[349,858,2001,2028]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA8FF88FECEAFC7FD97F879" box="[349,536,2001,2028]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Synergus flavens</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFA8FF88FDB3AFC4FCD5F879" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[544,858,2001,2027]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, IL-V desig-2019’ (red label) (
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA8FF88FB27AFC4FB5AF879" box="[1204,1237,2001,2027]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFB7FF97FF54A883FA88FE67" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FF54A883FB59FF22" bold="true" box="[199,1238,150,176]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Type material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB7FF97FE0BA883FC53FF22" authority="McCracken & Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[408,988,150,176]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FE0BA883FD0BFF22" bold="true" box="[408,644,150,176]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Synergus variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFB7FF97FD1FA883FC53FF22" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[652,988,150,176]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in part; examined).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="24727BDCFFB7FF97FB4CA883FAF0FF22" box="[1247,1407,150,176]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB7FF97FA14A882FA13FF23" box="[1415,1436,151,177]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
with the following labels: ‘L.S.Jr.U., Lot 554, Sub 226’ (white label) / ‘Type
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB7FF97FB84A8AFFBA3FF46" box="[1047,1068,186,212]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
’ (red label, handwritten) / ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB7FF97FAFDA8AEFF67FF6A" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FAFDA8AEFF67FF6A" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘Stanford Univ., Coll. L.A.C.M., Access’d 1964’ (white label) / ‘
|
||
<collectingRegion id="390D0B9CFFB7FF97FAB6A8CBFA13FF6A" box="[1317,1436,222,248]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
Academy of Sciences, Type No. 5810’ (white label) / ‘
|
||
<typeStatus id="24727BDCFFB7FF97FC83A917FC0AFE8E" box="[784,901,258,284]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB7FF97FC1CA916FC2BFE8F" box="[911,932,259,285]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB7FF97FC3DA916FF5DFED2" authority="McCracken & Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FC3DA916FB1BFE8E" box="[942,1172,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Synergus variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFB7FF97FB0DA917FF5DFED2" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, IL-V desig-2019’ (red label) / ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB7FF97FDD3A932FBCDFED2" authority="McCracken & Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[576,1090,294,321]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FDD3A932FD73FED2" box="[576,764,294,321]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Synergus flavens</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFB7FF97FC96A933FBCDFED2" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[773,1090,294,320]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, IL-V det. 2019’ (white label).
|
||
<typeStatus id="24727BDCFFB7FF97FF04A95FFEF0FEF6" box="[151,383,330,356]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="paralectotype">PARALECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB7FF97FE03A95FFE3CFEF6" box="[400,435,330,356]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
) with the following labels: ‘L.S.Jr.U., Lot 554, Sub 226’ (white label) / ‘Type
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB7FF97FAB5A95FFAB2FEF6" box="[1318,1341,330,356]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
’ (red label, handwritten) / ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB7FF97FEE6A97AFE64FE1A" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[373,491,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FEE6A97AFE64FE1A" box="[373,491,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘Stanford Univ., Coll. L.A.C.M., Access’d 1964’ (white label) / ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB7FF97FF69A986FDECFE3E" authority="Mc. & Eg." authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[250,611,402,429]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FF69A986FE51FE3E" box="[250,478,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Synergus variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
Mc. & Eg.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ (white label with a black frame, handwritten) / ‘
|
||
<collectingRegion id="390D0B9CFFB7FF97FB00A987FA85FE3E" box="[1171,1290,402,428]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
Academy of Sciences, Type No. 5810’ (white label) / ‘
|
||
<typeStatus id="24727BDCFFB7FF97FDFFA9A3FC85FE42" box="[620,778,438,464]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB7FF97FC81A9A2FCA8FE43" box="[786,807,439,465]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB7FF97FCBCA9A2FAD6FE42" authority="McCracken & Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[815,1369,438,465]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FCBCA9A2FB9CFE42" box="[815,1043,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Synergus variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFB7FF97FB88A9A3FAD6FE42" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[1051,1369,438,464]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, IL-V desig-2019’ (red label) / ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB7FF97FE26A9CEFC3DFE66" authority="McCracken & Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[437,946,474,501]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FE26A9CEFDFFFE66" box="[437,624,474,501]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Synergus flavens</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFB7FF97FDEBA9CFFC3DFE66" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[632,946,474,500]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, IL-V det. 2019’ (white label).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFB7FF97FF54A9EBFC33FC5A" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FF54A9EBFE3DFD8A" bold="true" box="[199,434,510,536]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Additional material</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB7FF97FE50A9EBFE69FD8A" box="[451,486,510,536]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">7♀</specimenCount>
|
||
). Non-type material deposited in
|
||
<collectionCode id="9DD85DBBFFB7FF97FCC9A9EBFC24FD8A" box="[858,939,510,536]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
(examined) with the following labels: ‘HopkUS 15614ª’ (white label) / ‘Reared VII-8-18’ (white label) / ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB7FF97FCFAAA36FBDEFDAE" box="[873,1105,546,573]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysolepis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FCFAAA36FBDEFDAE" box="[873,1105,546,573]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Quercus chrysolepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ (white label) / ‘CampBaldy Calif.’ (white label) / ‘L. H. Weld Collector’ (white label) / ‘USNMENT 00960062’ (white label, QR code) (
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB7FF97FAF9AA53FA05FDF2" box="[1386,1418,582,608]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
); ‘HopkUS 15614ª’ (white label) / ‘Reared VI-24-18’ (white label) / ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB7FF97FC37AA7EFB04FD16" box="[932,1163,618,645]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysolepis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FC37AA7EFB04FD16" box="[932,1163,618,645]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Quercus chrysolepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ (white label) / ‘Camp-Baldy Calif.’ (white label) / ‘L. H. Weld Collector’ (white label) / ‘Ex Gall of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB7FF97FC6AAA9BFB7CFD3A" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1897" box="[1017,1267,654,680]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Trichoteras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coquilletti">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FC6AAA9BFB7CFD3A" box="[1017,1267,654,680]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Trichoteras coquilletti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ (white label) / ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB7FF97FF32AAA6FED3FD5E" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[161,348,690,717]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FF32AAA6FED3FD5E" box="[161,348,690,717]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Synergus flavens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
McC + Egb, det. Weld 1937’ (white label with a black frame, handwritten) / ‘
|
||
<typeStatus id="24727BDCFFB7FF97FB2BAAA7FA90FD5E" box="[1208,1311,690,716]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
No.52962,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFFB7FF97FF04AAC3FF47FD62" box="[151,200,726,752]" name="United States of America" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">U.S.</collectingCountry>
|
||
N.M.’ (red label) / ‘USNMENT 00960129’ (white label, QR code) (
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB7FF97FC40AAC3FC7CFD62" box="[979,1011,726,752]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
); same as the previous one but without red label and ‘USNMENT 00960219’ (
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB7FF97FD12AAEFFD2FFC86" box="[641,672,762,788]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
), ‘USNMENT 00960371’ (
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB7FF97FC4EAAEFFC72FC86" box="[989,1021,762,788]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
); ‘Hopk.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFFB7FF97FBFDAAEFFB10FC86" box="[1134,1183,762,788]" name="United States of America" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">U.S.</collectingCountry>
|
||
15641’ (white label) / ‘Reared Aug. 23 · 22’ (white label) / ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB7FF97FDDAAB0AFCBCFCAA" box="[585,819,798,825]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vaccinifolia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FDDAAB0AFCBCFCAA" box="[585,819,798,825]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Quercus vaccinifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ (white label) / ‘Tahoe City Cal’ (white label) / ‘L. H. Weld Collector’ / ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB7FF97FEFEAB56FDA4FCCE" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[365,555,834,861]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FEFEAB56FDA4FCCE" box="[365,555,834,861]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Synergus flavens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
McC + Egb, det. Weld 1937’ (white label with a black frame, handwritten) / ‘USNMENT 00960291’ (white label, QR code) (
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB7FF97FD2CAB73FD50FC12" box="[703,735,870,896]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
); same as the previous one, but ‘USNMENT 00960051’ (
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB7FF97FAF9AB73FA05FC12" box="[1386,1418,870,896]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
); ‘Tahoe City, Cal. Aug · 14’ (white label) / ‘1702’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB7FF97FC6AAB9FFBF2FC36" box="[1017,1149,906,932]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vaccinifolia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FC6AAB9FFBF2FC36" box="[1017,1149,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">vaccinifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ (white label) / ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB7FF97FAA4AB9EFF69FC5A" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FAA4AB9EFF69FC5A" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Synergus flavens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
McC + Egb’ (white label with a black frame, handwritten) (
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB7FF97FC18ABBBFC23FC5A" box="[907,940,942,968]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B3D396F5FFB7FF97FF54ABC7FB2AFB57" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFB7FF97FF54ABC7FB2AFB57" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FF54ABC7FEB5FC7E" bold="true" box="[199,314,978,1004]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB7FF97FED9ABC6FD88FC7E" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[330,519,978,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FED9ABC6FD88FC7E" box="[330,519,978,1005]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Synergus flavens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is morphologically close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB7FF97FCDDABC6FAE9FC7E" authority="McCracken & Egbert, 1922" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[846,1382,978,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacificus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FCDDABC6FBADFC7E" box="[846,1058,978,1005]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Synergus pacificus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFB7FF97FBB9ABC7FAE9FC7E" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[1066,1382,978,1004]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see below), but differs from this species mainly by having the scutellar foveae large and subquadrangular (ovate to subtriangular in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB7FF97FEBBAC0EFE26FBA6" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[296,425,1050,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacificus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FEBBAC0EFE26FBA6" box="[296,425,1050,1077]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. pacificus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); metasoma weakly dorsodistally incised in females (not incised in males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB7FF97FA99AC0EFA04FBA6" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[1290,1419,1050,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacificus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FA99AC0EFA04FBA6" box="[1290,1419,1050,1077]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. pacificus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); the last flagellar segment in females more than 4.0 times as long as wide (3.0 times in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB7FF97FBF0AC2AFB6BFBCA" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[1123,1252,1086,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacificus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FBF0AC2AFB6BFBCA" box="[1123,1252,1086,1113]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. pacificus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); body of males almost completely yellow, with the malar space 0.7 times as long as height of compound eye and POL 1.7 times as long as OOL (males mainly black, with the malar space 0.5 times the height of compound eye and POL 2.2 times as long as OOL in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB7FF97FED8ACBEFE43FB56" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[331,460,1194,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacificus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FED8ACBEFE43FB56" box="[331,460,1194,1221]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S. pacificus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (see the descriptions of both species and the identification key).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B3D396F5FFB7FF96FF54ACDBFB7CFC7F" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFB7FF97FF54ACDBFC4DFB7A" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,962,1230,1257]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FF54ACDBFDCCFB7A" bold="true" box="[199,579,1230,1256]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Redescription. FEMLE. Length</emphasis>
|
||
. Body length 2.0–
|
||
<quantity id="3C31689BFFB7FF97FC80ACDBFCE7FB7B" box="[787,872,1230,1257]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 4).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFB7FF97FF54ACE7FE03FA52" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FF54ACE7FE84FA9E" bold="true" box="[199,267,1266,1292]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Color</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFB7FF97FE8EACE7FEEDFA9F" box="[285,354,1266,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
e–f). Yellowish brown with some dark to black areas. Head yellowish brown, ocellar area and occiput medially dark brown to black. Antennae dark yellow to testaceous. Mesosoma yellowish brown to dark brown or blackish; pronotum anterodorsally, mesoscutum medially (a stripe between notauli), scutellum dorsally, mesopleurae basally (sometimes entirely) and metapleuron, dark brown to black (some also have propodeum black) in lighter specimens; tegulae yellow. Metasoma yellowish orange, dorsally somewhat darker. Legs yellow. Wings hyaline, veins yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFB7FF97FF54ADDFFB91F897" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FF54ADDFFE88FA76" bold="true" box="[199,263,1482,1508]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. In frontal view, almost 1.2 times as wide as high, genae not expanded behind compound eyes. Face faintly pubescent, lower face with striae radiating from clypeus. Clypeus indistinct, ventral margin very slightly projected over mandibles. Malar space about 0.5 times as long as height of compound eye. Anterior tentorial pits visible; pleurostomal and epistomal sulcus absent. Transfacial line 0.9 times as long as height of compound eye. Toruli situated mid-height of compound eye; distance between torulus and compound eye shorter than diameter of torulus; distance between toruli shorter than diameter of toruli. Frons coriaceous, with scattered small piliferous punctures; frontal carinae narrow and weak, not reaching lateral ocelli. Head in dorsal view is about 2.4 times as wide as long. Vertex coriaceous, with scattered small piliferous punctures. POL: OOL: LOL = 5: 3: 2.5 and diameter of lateral ocelli, 2. Occiput coriaceous, with scattered small piliferous punctures.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFB7FF97FF54AF1BFC09F806" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FF54AF1BFEB5F8BA" bold="true" box="[199,314,1806,1832]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFB7FF97FED8AF1BFE10F8BA" box="[331,415,1806,1832]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 4e</figureCitation>
|
||
). 14-segmented; filiform, not broadened apically; pubescence dense and short. Scape plus pedicel about as long as F1; pedicel almost 2.0 times as long as wide; F1 about 1.2 times as long as F2, F2 and F3 subequal, the following segments progressively shorter; first flagellomeres long and thin. Last flagellar segment about 4.3 times as long as wide and about 1.6 times as long as F11.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFB7FF96FF54AF8BFB70FE43" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1437,151,1941]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB7FF97FF54AF8BFEC3F82A" bold="true" box="[199,332,1950,1976]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Mesosoma.</emphasis>
|
||
About as long as high in lateral view, including nucha, with short and not dense pubescence (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFB7FF97FAFCAF8BFF3AF84E" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 4e</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ratio of length of pronotum medially/laterally: 0.35. Pronotal plate indistinct. Lateral pronotum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFB7FF97FA86AFD7FAE9F84E" box="[1301,1382,1986,2012]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 4e</figureCitation>
|
||
) imbricated to very weakly wrinkled basally; lateral margins of pronotum rounded, without lateral carina. Mesoscutum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFB6FF96FF33A8AEFF63FF44" box="[160,236,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 4f</figureCitation>
|
||
) about as wide as long, finely coriaceous to imbricated, with very weak, discontinuous transversal elements; anterior grooves weakly impressed, almost inconspicuous. Notauli incomplete, faint in the anterior 1/3 (sometimes only visible in the distal half of the mesoscutum). Median groove absent. Parapsidal grooves weakly impressed, narrow, reaching tegulae. Scutellum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFB6FF96FDDBA932FD16FED0" box="[584,665,295,322]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 4f</figureCitation>
|
||
) rounded, about as long as wide, wrinkled; circumscutellar carina weak, obscured by wrinkles; scutellar foveae subquadrangular, large, shallow, weakly sculptured, not well defined posteriorly and separated by a narrow carina. Mesopleurae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFB6FF96FCACA97AFC1FFE1B" box="[831,912,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 4e</figureCitation>
|
||
) regularly and finely striate basally and medially, speculum smooth; little pubescent basally. Metapleural sulcus reaching 3/4 of mesopleural height. Propodeum pubescent and smooth; propodeal carinae straight and parallel. Nucha sulcated dorsally and laterally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFB6FF96FF54A9CEFD3FFE67" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1941]" box="[199,688,475,501]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FF54A9CEFE89FE67" bold="true" box="[199,262,475,501]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Legs.</emphasis>
|
||
Tarsal claws with a small basal tooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFB6FF96FF54A9EBFE02FDF3" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FF54A9EBFE95FD8A" bold="true" box="[199,282,510,536]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Wings.</emphasis>
|
||
Fore wings pubescent with short marginal setae, longer than body length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFB6FF96FBF5A9EAFB36FD8B" box="[1126,1209,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 4e</figureCitation>
|
||
). Radial cell closed, almost 2.5 times as long as wide; areolet visible, small. Rs+M visible, not reaching the basal vein. Basal cell with sparsely spaced setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFB6FF96FF54AA7EFEAEFCAB" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FF54AA7EFEC4FD17" bold="true" box="[199,331,619,645]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Metasoma.</emphasis>
|
||
About as long as head plus mesosoma, about 1.2 times as long as high in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFB6FF96FA96AA7EFAD9FD17" box="[1285,1366,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 4e</figureCitation>
|
||
). First metasomal segment weakly sulcated dorsally and laterally, with furrows reaching only the half of the segment. Syntergite smooth, anterolateral pubescence composed of a few setae and with a narrow band of minute micropunctures occupying the distal 1/4 of the syntergite length; weakly dorsodistally incised, not pointed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFB6FF96FB05AAC2FB69FD60" box="[1174,1254,727,754]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 4f</figureCitation>
|
||
); following segments and hypopygium also micropunctate. Hypopygial spine as long as wide and with a few lateral setae; without apical setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFB6FF96FF54AB57FB7CFC7F" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FF54AB57FEADFCCE" bold="true" box="[199,290,834,860]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">MALE.</emphasis>
|
||
Similar to female, except for the following morphological traits: body length
|
||
<quantity id="3C31689BFFB6FF96FB13AB56FB5AFCCF" box="[1152,1237,835,861]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 1). Antennae 15-segmented (according to the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FC94AB72FC15FC12" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[775,922,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FC94AB72FC15FC12" box="[775,922,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; antennae of the examined male are broken); F1 strongly incised and expanded apically. Head in anterior view more quadrangular than in females; transfacial line 1.1 times as long as height of compound eye; malar space about 0.7 times as long as height of compound eye. Body color mainly yellow, except the ocellar area and the anteromedial part of pronotum, which are dark.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B3D396F5FFB6FF96FF54ABE3FD99FBA4" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFB6FF96FF54ABE3FD99FBA4" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FF54ABE3FEEEFB82" bold="true" box="[199,353,1014,1040]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFFB6FF96FEF9ABE2FE29FB83" box="[362,422,1015,1041]" name="United States of America" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Different localities from the state of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="390D0B9CFFB6FF96FCC4ABE2FC46FB83" box="[855,969,1015,1041]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFB6FF96FC49ABE2FA9AFB83" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[986,1301,1015,1041]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; and in this work, see the additional material).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B3D396F5FFB6FF96FF54AC2BFEC1FA9F" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFB6FF96FF54AC2BFEC1FA9F" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FF54AC2BFEA8FBCA" bold="true" box="[199,295,1086,1112]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FEBEAC2AFE67FBCB" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[301,488,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FEBEAC2AFE67FBCB" box="[301,488,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Synergus flavens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described from specimens bred from galls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FB8AAC2AFEBCFBEF" authority="(McCracken & Egbert, 1922)" baseAuthorityName="McCracken & Egbert" baseAuthorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Heteroecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FB8AAC2AFB62FBCB" box="[1049,1261,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Heteroecus flavens</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFB6FF96FB68AC2AFEA5FBEF" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FECCAC76FD11FBEF" authority="Kellog" authorityName="Kellog" box="[351,670,1123,1149]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vaccinifolia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FECCAC76FDC5FBEF" box="[351,586,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Quercus vaccinifolia</emphasis>
|
||
Kellog
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FD23AC76FCC8FBEF" box="[688,839,1123,1149]" class="Malacostraca" genus="Protobalanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FD23AC76FCC8FBEF" box="[688,839,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Protobalanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
section) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFB6FF96FC2BAC76FB7CFBEF" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[952,1267,1123,1149]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FA94AC76FF46FB32" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FA94AC76FF46FB32" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Synergus flavens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was also reared from galls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FD8CAC92FC40FB33" authority="Ashmead, 1897" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1897" box="[543,975,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Trichoteras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coquilletti">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FD8CAC92FC96FB33" box="[543,793,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Trichoteras coquilletti</emphasis>
|
||
Ashmead, 1897
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FC69AC92FB7AFB33" authority="Liebm." authorityName="Liebm." box="[1018,1269,1159,1185]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysolepis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FC69AC92FB12FB33" box="[1018,1181,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Q. chrysolepis</emphasis>
|
||
Liebm.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FA96AC92FA13FB33" box="[1285,1436,1159,1185]" class="Malacostraca" genus="Protobalanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FA96AC92FA13FB33" box="[1285,1436,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Protobalanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
section), according to the labels of some of the non-type specimens found in USNM (see the additional material).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FF04ACDAFEF5FB7A" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[151,378,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FF04ACDAFEF5FB7A" box="[151,378,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Synergus variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was bred from galls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FD17ACDAFBB6FB78" authority="(Ashmead, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[644,1081,1231,1258]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Heteroecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacificus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FD17ACDAFCE0FB7B" box="[644,879,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Heteroecus pacificus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFB6FF96FCEDACDAFBBFFB78" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[894,1072,1231,1258]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="179 - 234" refId="ref33953" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1896) Descriptions of new parasitic Hymenoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23 (2), 179 - 234." type="journal article" year="1896">Ashmead, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FBF0ACDAFEC5FA9F" authority="(McCracken & Egbert 1922)" baseAuthorityName="McCracken & Egbert" baseAuthorityYear="1922" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vaccinifolia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FBF0ACDAFBF8FB7B" box="[1123,1143,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Q</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FB16ACDAFA86FB7B" box="[1157,1289,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">vaccinifolia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFB6FF96FA8BACDAFECDFA9F" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B3D396F5FFB6FF96FF54AD02FB5FF807" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFB6FF96FF54AD02FA0EF99B" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FF54AD02FEBBFAA3" bold="true" box="[199,308,1303,1329]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FED0AD02FD8FFAA3" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[323,512,1303,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FED0AD02FD8FFAA3" box="[323,512,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Synergus flavens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described from
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB6FF96FD7DAD02FC9EFAA3" box="[750,785,1303,1329]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFB6FF96FCB3AD02FB0DFAA3" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[800,1154,1302,1329]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert 1922: 55</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FB50AD02FAD9FAA2" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[1219,1366,1303,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FB50AD02FAD9FAA2" box="[1219,1366,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB6FF96FF04AD2EFF35FAC7" box="[151,186,1339,1365]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="male">4♂</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB6FF96FF7CAD2EFE9CFAC7" box="[239,275,1339,1365]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="female">7♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFB6FF96FEB3AD2EFDF1FAC7" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." box="[288,638,1338,1365]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert 1922: 52</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We located and examined
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB6FF96FC26AD2EFC58FAC7" box="[949,983,1339,1365]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FC6FAD2EFBE9FAC7" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[1020,1126,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FC6FAD2EFBE9FAC7" box="[1020,1126,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. flavens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB6FF96FBEAAD2EFB15FAC7" box="[1145,1178,1339,1365]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
deposited in CAS with a ‘Type’ label and
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB6FF96FEF4AD4AFE05FAEB" box="[359,394,1375,1401]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
deposited in USNM) and
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB6FF96FD22AD4AFD5CFAEB" box="[689,723,1375,1401]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB6FF96FC99AD4AFCA2FAEB" box="[778,813,1375,1401]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FCC0AD4AFC6AFAEA" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[851,997,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FCC0AD4AFC6AFAEA" box="[851,997,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB6FF96FC65AD4AFB97FAEB" box="[1014,1048,1375,1401]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB6FF96FBDCAD4AFBFDFAEB" box="[1103,1138,1375,1401]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
with a ‘Type’ label deposited in CAS, and
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB6FF96FECDAD96FE0EFA0F" box="[350,385,1411,1437]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFB6FF96FE29AD96FE53FA0F" box="[442,476,1411,1437]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
deposited in USNM) belonging to the type series of each species. The authors comment that the ‘Type’ of these species was deposited at the Stanford Entomological Museum, later absorbed by CAS; however, in the ‘Type’ section they do not specify anything else but the type depository. As a result, and since the descriptors did not designate a
|
||
<typeStatus id="24727BDCFFB6FF96FE60ADFAFDD7F99B" box="[499,600,1519,1545]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, a
|
||
<typeStatus id="24727BDCFFB6FF96FDE5ADFAFD52F99B" box="[630,733,1519,1545]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
for each species has been designated and deposited in CAS.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFB6FF96FF54AE06FB5FF807" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
After examining the type material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FDFFAE06FD71F9BE" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[620,766,1555,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FDFFAE06FD71F9BE" box="[620,766,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we noticed that its type series is composed, in fact, of two different species: while the two specimens deposited in CAS (the
|
||
<typeStatus id="24727BDCFFB6FF96FCE8AE22FC6DF9C3" box="[891,994,1591,1617]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and a male
|
||
<typeStatus id="24727BDCFFB6FF96FBF8AE22FA8BF9C0" box="[1131,1284,1591,1618]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
) are identical to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FF27AE4EFE90F9E7" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[180,287,1627,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FF27AE4EFE90F9E7" box="[180,287,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. flavens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the rest of specimens belonging to the type series that are deposited in USNM correspond to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FAACAE4EFE24F90B" authority="(Ashmead, 1885)" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1885" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pomiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FAACAE4EFF50F90B" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. pomiformis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFB6FF96FF7CAE6AFE2DF90B" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[239,418,1662,1689]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="291 - 304" refId="ref33899" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1885) A bibliographical and synonymical catalogue of the North American Cynipidae, with description of new species. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 12 (3 - 4), 291 - 304. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 25076460" type="journal article" year="1885">Ashmead, 1885</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see below). The original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FCEEAE6AFB9FF90A" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[893,1040,1663,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FCEEAE6AFB9FF90A" box="[893,1040,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFB6FF96FB3AAE6AFF6DF92F" author="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D." pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref35424" refString="McCracken, I. & Egbert, D. (1922) California gall-making Cynipidae with descriptions of new species. Stanford University Publications, Biological Sciences, 3 (1), 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1922">McCracken & Egbert (1922)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
does not give us any significant morphological clues to determine which specimens of the type series truly correspond to this species. However, both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FDEFAED2FD66F973" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[636,745,1735,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FDEFAED2FD05F973" box="[636,650,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FD09AED2FD66F973" box="[666,745,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">flavens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FCB0AED2FC38F972" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[803,951,1735,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FCB0AED2FC38F972" box="[803,951,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were originally described from specimens obtained from galls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FE06AEFEFD9CF896" authorityName="Kinsey" authorityYear="1922" box="[405,531,1771,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Heteroecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FE06AEFEFD9CF896" box="[405,531,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Heteroecus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on oaks of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FD2EAEFEFCDBF897" box="[701,852,1771,1797]" class="Malacostraca" genus="Protobalanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FD2EAEFEFCDBF897" box="[701,852,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Protobalanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
section; so, only the two specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FA99AEFEFA13F896" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[1290,1436,1771,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FA99AEFEFA13F896" box="[1290,1436,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
deposited in CAS may correspond to what McCracken & Egbert described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FC67AF1AFB0AF8BA" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[1012,1157,1807,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FC67AF1AFB0AF8BA" box="[1012,1157,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Hence, in accordance to the above mentioned,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FE19AF26FD94F8DE" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[394,539,1843,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FE19AF26FD94F8DE" box="[394,539,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in part) is proposed as a new synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FC61AF26FBD3F8DF" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[1010,1116,1843,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FC61AF26FBD3F8DF" box="[1010,1116,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. flavens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FBFAAF26FADBF8DF" authorityName="Weld" authorityYear="1922" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[1129,1364,1843,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pomiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FBFAAF26FADBF8DF" box="[1129,1364,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Synergus pomiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FA14AF26FF69F8E3" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FA14AF26FA1AF8DF" box="[1415,1429,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FF04AF42FF69F8E3" box="[151,230,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">flavens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were described from specimens obtained from very different gall morphotypes, so it is more than probably that the specimens composing the type series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFB6FF96FD27AF6EFCC9F806" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[692,838,1915,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFB6FF96FD27AF6EFCC9F806" box="[692,838,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. variegatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were obtained from a mix of galls.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |