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<document id="860C9A5AB065AC907A4E8DDC37074776" ID-CLB-Dataset="8791" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4822.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2bbc92ef-c6a7-4e7a-8da8-5f542394fda1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4450519" ID-ZooBank="668A9E94-DB24-4AD0-B5D7-1A5D3273FC9F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1609333239343" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lobato-Vila, Irene, Equihua-Martínez, Armando, Estrada-Venegas, Edith G., Cibrián-Tovar, David, Barrera-Ruíz, Uriel M. &amp; Pujade-Villar, Juli" docDate="2020" docId="73607468FFA0FF8EFF04AE05FF5BFF6B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4822.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4822 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Synergus aurofacies Lobato-Vila &amp; Equihua-Martínez &amp; Estrada-Venegas &amp; Cibrián-Tovar &amp; Barrera-Ruíz &amp; Pujade-Villar 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="8F590C10FFA7FF87FF93A815FF8FFF92" masterDocTitle="Synergus Hartig species group (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) with partially smooth mesopleurae from the New World" masterLastPageNumber="38" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1698849582065" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="F08C1D465DDB1B585A3EC03AE12F56F7">Synergus Hartig species group (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) with partially smooth mesopleurae from the New World</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:namePart id="1BF4275BC1B73B65AA3BE980A0AC80CB">Lobato-Vila, Irene</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="847D04BF50D73D14342E9354C774CEBA">Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="73584BC59D1DFEE499930316DB14DEAB">Equihua-Martínez, Armando</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DBD114D1B62373C3594499C0AEB7C773" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4392-3924</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="1E5453F3FD2F30939C33102F490597F7">Instituto de Fitosanidad, Colegio de Postgraduados, 56230 Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México, México &amp; equihuaa @ colpos. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4392 - 3924</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4278722A2CC40082574E3A419E6390ED" type="email">equihuaa@colpos.mx</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="E358F6D90468B758408F13C57A126859">Estrada-Venegas, Edith G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A96B4BB0450FFC87F14170B437FC6D43" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1347-6369</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="F431C2511ECD694DEED61920CDAB220C">Instituto de Fitosanidad, Colegio de Postgraduados, 56230 Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México, México &amp; estradae @ colpos. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1347 - 6369</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FDA77F0A4CC3102FA23566724C682F76" type="email">estradae@colpos.mx</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6C7370A5008C432B820AAB8403C4EAF1">Cibrián-Tovar, David</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CED8AEBA6BFA11BFFBA29912F9F851C2" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6788-0178</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="1C7F250AE8DF968480BC0609D8A22EB9">División de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Km 38.5 Carretera México-Texcoco, Chapingo, Estado de México, México &amp; dcibrian 48 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6788 - 0178</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A31C7755B17109E1ED0D35E896607097" type="email">dcibrian48@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="D7B99E0861416E458CA8FF6B13409211">Barrera-Ruíz, Uriel M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DF0698482B1BCEEEAAA1C2B7C2C27266" type="ORCID">0000-0002-2451-807X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="9652C994880D59FE79F2B79DA0FC3223">División de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Km 38.5 Carretera México-Texcoco, Chapingo, Estado de México, México &amp; umbr 757 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2451 - 807 X</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D73C3AB9C144CEA7EA4A6CF89504055A">Pujade-Villar, Juli</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CED655B369FA72CDB91E269A46892D1E" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7798-2717</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="2884D64E08250299E28AD574E7007FA4">Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain &amp; jpujade @ ub. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7798 - 2717</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A5F74AC8975C57A682053C2E92BCFCDE" type="email">jpujade@ub.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="40498B746CF409C4ACF0985DC59DB1B0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="269123E93F2EBE0C58D1558316F56DA5" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="6A547FD345AAA51DFAB41AA40CD24DF2">
<mods:title id="C71FDFD32A9915E59784BD1099934E42">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="91DE69445533CA8150A6953B7C12EBFE">
<mods:date id="23A879D9CF49A501F326ACD9C7D40CFA">2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="031BC665A9230A2BB32D3F864FF9C6BE" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="A687B23647E4D08D08A611B28CEB57DF">2020-08-04</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2F67CA7E97D3F1521724E0E195A2B021">4822</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="AD71873AB765EBB12CBB61294D9EB961">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="E1AA07A2253F04684AAF0838E3264E16">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="BE91447BFA23AB144620CD761E8FA1E2">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="CF1CE9077BB5CAAB07049BCB40CEFBBB" type="CLB-Dataset">8791</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="19E1471FBC0C33816A2613391A2EFAFF" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4822.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A59669A36D9BB6B42067876327E6CB9F" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3AE2658911B867662CC3643F024A8555" type="Zenodo-Dep">4450519</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="73607468FFA0FF8EFF04AE05FF5BFF6B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450531" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177009721" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4450531" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:73607468FFA0FF8EFF04AE05FF5BFF6B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/73607468FFA0FF8EFF04AE05FF5BFF6B" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<subSubSection id="B3D396F5FFA0FF80FF04AE05FCE8F9B8" box="[151,871,1552,1578]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFA0FF80FF04AE05FCE8F9B8" blockId="7.[151,871,1552,1643]" box="[151,871,1552,1578]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<heading id="A03E7212FFA0FF80FF04AE05FCE8F9B8" bold="true" box="[151,871,1552,1578]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="1">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA0FF80FF04AE05FCE8F9B8" bold="true" box="[151,871,1552,1578]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA0FF80FF04AE05FD73F9B8" authority="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityName="Lobato-Vila &amp; Equihua-Martínez &amp; Estrada-Venegas &amp; Cibrián-Tovar &amp; Barrera-Ruíz &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,764,1552,1578]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurofacies" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA0FF80FF04AE05FE01F9B8" bold="true" box="[151,398,1552,1578]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Synergus aurofacies</emphasis>
Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D28EA417FFA0FF80FC9AAE05FCE8F9B8" box="[777,871,1552,1578]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B3D396F5FFA0FF80FF04AE21FCEAF9F9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFA0FF80FF04AE21FEA0F9DC" blockId="7.[151,871,1552,1643]" box="[151,303,1588,1614]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
(
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFA0FF80FF0CAE21FEA8F9DC" box="[159,295,1588,1614]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="9.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionStartId-1="10.[151,250,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetId-0="figure-46@9.[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetId-1="figure-22@10.[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female face; d) male face; e) first antennal segments of the male; f) female forewing; g) host gall." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female head in frontal view; b) female head in dorsal view; c) mesosoma in lateral view (the black arrow points out the speculum); d) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) tarsal claws; f) female antenna; g) propodeum; h) metasoma in lateral view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450525" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450527" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4450525/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4450527/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figures 2–3</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFA0FF80FF04AE40FCEAF9F9" blockId="7.[151,871,1552,1643]" box="[151,869,1621,1643]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<uri id="8F58C97CFFA0FF80FF04AE40FCEAF9F9" box="[151,869,1621,1643]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA0FF80FF04AE8FFEB3F921" bold="true" box="[151,316,1689,1716]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Type material</emphasis>
.
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<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA0FF80FE70AE8FFE77F926" box="[483,504,1690,1716]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
deposited in
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with the following labels: ‘
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: P234, Bosques de Santa Fe (Cuajimalpa,
<collectionCode id="9DD85DBBFFA0FF80FF6BAEABFEDFF94A" box="[248,336,1726,1752]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">CDMX</collectionCode>
),
<geoCoordinate id="9EFDA3B9FFA0FF80FEF1AEABFD97F94A" box="[354,536,1726,1752]" degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="1" seconds="09.78" value="19.352716">19°21’09.78’’ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9EFDA3B9FFA0FF80FDB1AEA8FD6CF94A" box="[546,739,1725,1752]" degrees="99" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="1" seconds="55.02" value="-99.26528">99°15’55.02’’ W’</geoCoordinate>
(white label) / ‘Ex.
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA0FF80FC2DAEABFB22F94A" authorityName="Kinsey" authorityYear="1937" box="[958,1197,1725,1752]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Femuros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lusum">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA0FF80FC2DAEABFBE6F94A" box="[958,1129,1726,1752]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Femuros lusum</emphasis>
, 2577
</taxonomicName>
metres,
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA0FF80FA99AEABFAECF94A" box="[1290,1379,1726,1752]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laeta">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA0FF80FA99AEABFAECF94A" box="[1290,1379,1726,1752]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Q. laeta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (
<date id="8F77E3BEFFA0FF80FAEAAEABFF62F96F" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2016-06-28">28. vi.2016</date>
)
<date id="8F77E3BEFFA0FF80FF6DAEF7FED1F96E" box="[254,350,1762,1788]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2016-07">vii.2016</date>
, D. Cibrián leg.’ (white label) / ‘
<typeStatus id="24727BDCFFA0FF80FD41AEF7FCB0F96E" box="[722,831,1762,1788]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA0FF80FCDBAEF7FCD2F96E" box="[840,861,1762,1788]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA0FF80FCF5AEF7FA17F96E" authority="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityName="Lobato-Vila &amp; Equihua-Martínez &amp; Estrada-Venegas &amp; Cibrián-Tovar &amp; Barrera-Ruíz &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2020" box="[870,1432,1762,1788]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurofacies">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA0FF80FCF5AEF7FBC5F96E" box="[870,1098,1762,1788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Synergus aurofacies</emphasis>
Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar
</taxonomicName>
, IL-V desig-2019’ (red label).
<typeStatus id="24727BDCFFA0FF80FE4EAF13FDF7F8B2" box="[477,632,1798,1824]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="paratype">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
(
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA0FF80FD15AF13FD25F8B2" box="[646,682,1798,1824]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
&amp;
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA0FF80FD58AF13FD74F8B2" box="[715,763,1798,1824]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="female">10♀</specimenCount>
) deposited in
<collectionCode id="9DD85DBBFFA0FF80FC04AF13FC31F8B2" box="[919,958,1798,1824]" country="France" name="Laboratoire de Biostratigraphie" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">UB</collectionCode>
(
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA0FF80FC5FAF13FC7FF8B2" box="[972,1008,1798,1824]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
&amp;
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA0FF80FB82AF13FBBCF8B2" box="[1041,1075,1798,1824]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="female">8♀</specimenCount>
) and
<collectionCode id="9DD85DBBFFA0FF80FBE2AF13FB4DF8B2" box="[1137,1218,1798,1824]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
(
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA0FF80FB41AF13FB7BF8B2" box="[1234,1268,1798,1824]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
) with the same data as the
<typeStatus id="24727BDCFFA0FF80FE87AF3FFEF5F8D6" box="[276,378,1834,1860]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFA0FF80FF54AF58FB34F8FA" blockId="7.[151,1437,1689,2041]" box="[199,1211,1869,1896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA0FF80FF54AF58FE3CF8F5" bold="true" box="[199,435,1869,1895]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Additional material</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="4BA1CF23FFA0FF80FE52AF5BFB38F8FA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019622330" box="[449,1207,1870,1896]" collectionCode="UB" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2">
<specimenCount id="EDCF0EF7FFA0FF80FE52AF5BFE6BF8FA" box="[449,484,1870,1896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
with the same data dissected and gold-coated (deposited in
<collectionCode id="9DD85DBBFFA0FF80FB17AF5BFB20F8FA" box="[1156,1199,1870,1896]" country="France" name="Laboratoire de Biostratigraphie" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">UB</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B3D396F5FFA0FF80FF54AF67FBB2F822" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFA0FF80FF54AF67FBB2F822" blockId="7.[151,1437,1689,2041]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA0FF80FF54AF67FEC7F81E" bold="true" box="[199,328,1906,1932]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Etymology</emphasis>
. Named
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA0FF80FE3DAF67FDACF81E" authorityName="Lobato-Vila &amp; Equihua-Martínez &amp; Estrada-Venegas &amp; Cibrián-Tovar &amp; Barrera-Ruíz &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2020" box="[430,547,1906,1932]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurofacies">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA0FF80FE3DAF67FDACF81E" box="[430,547,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">aurofacies</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to the color of its lower face, which is brownish to yellowish orange under compound eyes and around the oral fovea in both sexes, but more evident in males.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B3D396F5FFA0FF8FFF54AFACFEB2FEF4" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFA0FF8FFF54AFACFEB2FEF4" blockId="7.[151,1437,1689,2041]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,150,2014]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA0FF80FF54AFACFEB5F841" bold="true" box="[199,314,1977,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Diagnosis</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA0FF80FEDAAFAFFDA3F846" authorityName="Lobato-Vila &amp; Equihua-Martínez &amp; Estrada-Venegas &amp; Cibrián-Tovar &amp; Barrera-Ruíz &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2020" box="[329,556,1978,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurofacies">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA0FF80FEDAAFAFFDA3F846" box="[329,556,1978,2004]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Synergus aurofacies</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is morphologically close to
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA0FF80FCE3AFAFFAF5F846" authority="Pujade-Villar &amp; Lobato-Vila, 2017" authorityName="Pujade-Villar &amp; Lobato-Vila" authorityYear="2017" box="[880,1402,1978,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cibriani">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA0FF80FCE3AFAFFC69F846" box="[880,998,1978,2004]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. cibriani</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFA0FF80FC7DAFAFFAF5F846" author="Lobato-Vila, I. &amp; Pujade-Villar, J." box="[1006,1402,1978,2004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref34836" refString="Lobato-Vila, I. &amp; Pujade-Villar, J. (2017) Description of five new species of inquiline oak gall wasps of the genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae: Synergini) with partially smooth mesopleurae from Mexico. Zoological Studies, 56 (36), 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.6620 / ZS. 2017.56 - 36" type="journal article" year="2017">Pujade-Villar &amp; Lobato-Vila, 2017</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA0FF80FA14AFAFFE52F86A" authority="(Ashmead, 1885)" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1885" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="citriformis">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA0FF80FA14AFAFFE82F86A" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. citriformis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFA0FF80FE8DAFCBFE5AF86A" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[286,469,2013,2040]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="291 - 304" refId="ref33899" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1885) A bibliographical and synonymical catalogue of the North American Cynipidae, with description of new species. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 12 (3 - 4), 291 - 304. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 25076460" type="journal article" year="1885">Ashmead, 1885</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA0FF80FE78AFCBFC01F86B" authority="(Osten-Sacken, 1861)" baseAuthorityName="Osten-Sacken" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[491,910,2014,2041]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synophrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeviventris">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA0FF80FE78AFCBFD03F86A" box="[491,652,2014,2040]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. laeviventris</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFA0FF80FD0FAFCBFC0AF86B" author="Osten-Sacken, C. R. von" box="[668,901,2014,2041]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="47 - 72" refId="ref35632" refString="Osten-Sacken, C. R. von (1861) On the Cynipidae of the North American oaks and their galls. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia, 1 (3), 47 - 72." type="journal article" year="1861">Osten-Sacken, 1861</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFA0FF8FFC08AFCBFF5DFF23" authority="Pujade-Villar &amp; Lobato-Vila, 2017" authorityName="Pujade-Villar &amp; Lobato-Vila" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longimalaris">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFA0FF80FC08AFCBFBC7F86A" box="[923,1096,2014,2040]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. longimalaris</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFA0FF8FFBC2AFCBFF5DFF23" author="Lobato-Vila, I. &amp; Pujade-Villar, J." lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref34836" refString="Lobato-Vila, I. &amp; Pujade-Villar, J. (2017) Description of five new species of inquiline oak gall wasps of the genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae: Synergini) with partially smooth mesopleurae from Mexico. Zoological Studies, 56 (36), 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.6620 / ZS. 2017.56 - 36" type="journal article" year="2017">Pujade-Villar &amp; Lobato-Vila, 2017</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFAFFF8FFF4DA882FC9EFF23" authority="Pujade-Villar &amp; Lobato-Vila, 2017" authorityName="Pujade-Villar &amp; Lobato-Vila" authorityYear="2017" box="[222,785,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiscapus">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFAFFF8FFF4DA882FE0FFF23" box="[222,384,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">S. longiscapus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFAFFF8FFE14A882FC9EFF23" author="Lobato-Vila, I. &amp; Pujade-Villar, J." box="[391,785,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref34836" refString="Lobato-Vila, I. &amp; Pujade-Villar, J. (2017) Description of five new species of inquiline oak gall wasps of the genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae: Synergini) with partially smooth mesopleurae from Mexico. Zoological Studies, 56 (36), 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.6620 / ZS. 2017.56 - 36" type="journal article" year="2017">Pujade-Villar &amp; Lobato-Vila, 2017</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; and
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFAFFF8FFCDFA882FB3DFF23" authority="(Ashmead, 1885)" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[844,1202,150,177]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pomiformis">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFAFFF8FFCDFA882FC67FF23" box="[844,1000,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">S. pomiformis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFFAFFF8FFC64A882FB26FF23" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[1015,1193,150,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="291 - 304" refId="ref33899" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1885) A bibliographical and synonymical catalogue of the North American Cynipidae, with description of new species. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 12 (3 - 4), 291 - 304. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 25076460" type="journal article" year="1885">Ashmead, 1885</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(see below), but differs from all of them mainly by having OOL almost 3.0 times as long as diameter of lateral ocelli (about 2.0 times in the above-mentioned species), body and head mainly black (with more yellow areas in the above-mentioned species) and the radial cell about 2.7 times as long as wide in females and
<quantity id="3C31689BFFAFFF8FFC49A916FB94FE8F" box="[986,1051,259,285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="2.4">2.4 in</quantity>
males (shorter, around
<quantity id="3C31689BFFAFFF8FFAB0A916FAECFE8F" box="[1315,1379,259,285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="2.4">2.4 in</quantity>
both sexes in the above-mentioned species) (see the diagnosis and descriptions of all these related species and the identification key).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B3D396F5FFAFFF8FFF54A97BFE4AF84C" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFAFFF8FFF54A97BFC46FE1B" blockId="8.[151,1437,150,2014]" box="[199,969,366,393]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFAFFF8FFF54A97BFDB4FE1B" bold="true" box="[199,571,366,393]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Description. FEMALE. Length</emphasis>
. Body length
<quantity id="3C31689BFFAFFF8FFD49A97AFCEEFE1B" box="[730,865,367,393]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="2.55" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="2.3">2.3–2.8 mm</quantity>
(n = 10).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFAFFF8FFF54A987FBBBFD8B" blockId="8.[151,1437,150,2014]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFAFFF8FFF54A987FE84FE3E" bold="true" box="[199,267,402,428]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Color</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFAFFF8FFE88A986FE07FE3F" box="[283,392,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-46@9.[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female face; d) male face; e) first antennal segments of the male; f) female forewing; g) host gall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450525" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450525/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2a, c</figureCitation>
). Mainly black. Head black, except for a brownish orange surface under compound eyes and around the oral fovea. Antennae dark brown to black, pedicel sometimes lighter. Mesosoma black; tegulae yellow. Metasoma dark chestnut to black. Legs yellow, metacoxae and sometimes the base of second coxae, dark brown to black; tarsi, but especially metatarsi, infuscated. Wings hyaline, veins dark yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFAFFF8FFF54AA36FC29FC13" blockId="8.[151,1437,150,2014]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFAFFF8FFF54AA36FE88FDAF" bold="true" box="[199,263,547,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Head</emphasis>
. In anterior view (
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFAFFF8FFE42AA36FDAAFDAF" box="[465,549,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-46@9.[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female face; d) male face; e) first antennal segments of the male; f) female forewing; g) host gall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450525" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450525/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs 2c</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFAFFF8FFDA3AA36FDC4FDAF" box="[560,587,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female head in frontal view; b) female head in dorsal view; c) mesosoma in lateral view (the black arrow points out the speculum); d) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) tarsal claws; f) female antenna; g) propodeum; h) metasoma in lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450527" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450527/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">3a</figureCitation>
) trapezoid, almost 1.2 times as wide as high, genae slightly expanded behind compound eyes. Face faintly pubescent, lower face with regular striae radiating from clypeus, reaching compound eyes and toruli; medial carinae also present, but weaker. Clypeus indistinct, ventral margin very slightly projected over mandibles. Malar space about 0.6 times as long as height of compound eye. Anterior tentorial pits visible; pleurostomal and epistomal sulcus absent. Transfacial line about as long as height of compound eye. Toruli situated slightly under mid-height of compound eyes; distance between torulus and compound eye shorter than diameter of toruli; distance between toruli shorter than diameter of toruli. Frons finely coriaceous, sometimes with scarce small piliferous punctures; frontal carinae absent. Head in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFAFFF8FFCF8AB0AFC34FCA8" box="[875,955,799,826]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female head in frontal view; b) female head in dorsal view; c) mesosoma in lateral view (the black arrow points out the speculum); d) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) tarsal claws; f) female antenna; g) propodeum; h) metasoma in lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450527" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450527/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 3b</figureCitation>
) is almost 2.1 times as wide as long. Vertex finely coriaceous, with scarce small piliferous punctures. POL: OOL: LOL = 6: 4: 3 and diameter of lateral ocelli, 1.5. Occiput finely coriaceous, with scarce small piliferous punctures.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFAFFF8FFF54AB9FFD5DFB83" blockId="8.[151,1437,150,2014]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFAFFF8FFF54AB9FFEB5FC36" bold="true" box="[199,314,906,932]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Antennae</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFAFFF8FFED9AB9EFE16FC34" box="[330,409,907,934]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female head in frontal view; b) female head in dorsal view; c) mesosoma in lateral view (the black arrow points out the speculum); d) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) tarsal claws; f) female antenna; g) propodeum; h) metasoma in lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450527" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450527/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 3f</figureCitation>
). 14-segmented (7: 4: 9.5: 8.5: 7.5: 7: 6.5: 6: 5: 4.5: 4: 4: 4: 6); filiform, not broadened apically; pubescence dense and short; placodeal sensilla visible on flagellar segments F2-F12. Pedicel about 2.0 times as long as wide; F1 just slightly longer than F2, F2 just slightly longer than F3. Last flagellar segment about 3.0 times as long as wide and 1.5 times as long as F11.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFAFFF8FFF54AC0EFBB2FA53" blockId="8.[151,1437,150,2014]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFAFFF8FFF54AC0EFECAFBA7" bold="true" box="[199,325,1051,1077]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Mesosoma</emphasis>
. About 1.2 times as long as high in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFAFFF8FFCF5AC0EFC39FBA7" box="[870,950,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female head in frontal view; b) female head in dorsal view; c) mesosoma in lateral view (the black arrow points out the speculum); d) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) tarsal claws; f) female antenna; g) propodeum; h) metasoma in lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450527" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450527/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 3c</figureCitation>
), including nucha, with short and not dense pubescence. Ratio of length of pronotum medially/laterally: 0.26. Pronotal plate indistinct. Lateral pronotum finely coriaceous to imbricated; without lateral carina. Mesoscutum (
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFAFFF8FFCC6AC76FC28FBEC" box="[853,935,1123,1150]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female head in frontal view; b) female head in dorsal view; c) mesosoma in lateral view (the black arrow points out the speculum); d) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) tarsal claws; f) female antenna; g) propodeum; h) metasoma in lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450527" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450527/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 3d</figureCitation>
) about 1.2 times as wide as long, coriaceous and with some punctures; anterior grooves shallow, occupying at most 1/3 of the mesoscutum length. Notauli complete but less impressed and narrower anteriorly, wider and convergent posteriorly. Median groove shallow, reaching 1/3 or 1/2 of the mesoscutum length. Parapsidal grooves shallow, surpassing tegulae. Scutellum (
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFAFFF8FFAD1ACDAFA1BFB78" box="[1346,1428,1231,1258]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female head in frontal view; b) female head in dorsal view; c) mesosoma in lateral view (the black arrow points out the speculum); d) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) tarsal claws; f) female antenna; g) propodeum; h) metasoma in lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450527" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450527/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 3d</figureCitation>
) rounded, slightly longer than wide, coriaceous to imbricated, posteriorly with very weak wrinkles; circumscutellar carina well defined, slightly upturned but not projected; scutellar foveae triangular, almost smooth, shallow, not well-defined posteriorly and separated by a narrow carina. Mesopleurae (
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFAFFF8FFC4FAD2EFBA2FAC7" box="[988,1069,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female head in frontal view; b) female head in dorsal view; c) mesosoma in lateral view (the black arrow points out the speculum); d) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) tarsal claws; f) female antenna; g) propodeum; h) metasoma in lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450527" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450527/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 3c</figureCitation>
) medially and anteriorly striate, basally and speculum smooth; slightly pubescent basally. Metapleural sulcus well defined, reaching about 4/5 parts of mesopleural height. Propodeum (
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFAFFF8FFDBFAD96FDF2FA0F" box="[556,637,1411,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female head in frontal view; b) female head in dorsal view; c) mesosoma in lateral view (the black arrow points out the speculum); d) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) tarsal claws; f) female antenna; g) propodeum; h) metasoma in lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450527" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450527/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Fig.
<quantity id="3C31689BFFAFFF8FFDF2AD96FDF2FA0F" box="[609,637,1411,1437]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="g" value="3.0">3g</quantity>
</figureCitation>
) pubescent, almost smooth; propodeal carinae very slightly curved but parallel, distally somewhat branched. Nucha weakly sulcated dorsally and laterally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFAFFF8FFF54ADDEFD5CFA77" blockId="8.[151,1437,150,2014]" box="[199,723,1483,1509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFAFFF8FFF54ADDEFF70FA77" bold="true" box="[199,255,1483,1509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Legs</emphasis>
. Tarsal claws with a basal tooth (
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFAFFF8FFDE7ADDEFD49FA77" box="[628,710,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female head in frontal view; b) female head in dorsal view; c) mesosoma in lateral view (the black arrow points out the speculum); d) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) tarsal claws; f) female antenna; g) propodeum; h) metasoma in lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450527" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450527/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 3e</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFAFFF8FFF54ADFAFABCF9BF" blockId="8.[151,1437,150,2014]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">small micropunctures not forming a posterodorsal patch; not dorsodistally incised and pointed. Hypopygium finely punctate; hypopygial spine about as long as wide and with a few lateral setae; without apical setae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFAFFF8FFF54AE23FBBEF90B" blockId="8.[151,1437,150,2014]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFAFFF8FFF54AE23FE9CF9C2" bold="true" box="[199,275,1590,1616]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Wings</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFAFFF8FFEB1AE22FE05F9C0" box="[290,394,1591,1618]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-46@9.[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female face; d) male face; e) first antennal segments of the male; f) female forewing; g) host gall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450525" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450525/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2a, f</figureCitation>
). Fore wings pubescent with short marginal setae; as long as body length. Radial cell ambiguously closed, about 2.7 times as long as wide; Rs vein projected beyond the end of the radial cell along the wing margin; areolet small. Rs+M inconspicuous. Basal cell with sparsely spaced setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFAFFF8FFF54AEB6FBA7F897" blockId="8.[151,1437,150,2014]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFAFFF8FFF54AEB6FECCF92F" bold="true" box="[199,323,1699,1725]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Metasoma</emphasis>
. Slightly longer than head plus mesosoma, slightly more than 1.5 times as long as high in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFAFFF8FFF4FAED2FEBEF973" box="[220,305,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-46@9.[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female face; d) male face; e) first antennal segments of the male; f) female forewing; g) host gall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450525" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450525/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs 2a</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFAFFF8FFEAFAED2FED4F970" box="[316,347,1735,1762]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female head in frontal view; b) female head in dorsal view; c) mesosoma in lateral view (the black arrow points out the speculum); d) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) tarsal claws; f) female antenna; g) propodeum; h) metasoma in lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450527" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450527/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">3h</figureCitation>
). First metasomal segment sulcated dorsally and laterally. Syntergite smooth; anterolateral pubescence composed of a few setae; posteriorly sometimes with very weak and scarce
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFAFFF8FFF54AF1BFE4AF84C" blockId="8.[151,1437,150,2014]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFAFFF8FFF54AF1BFEADF8BA" bold="true" box="[199,290,1806,1832]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">MALE.</emphasis>
Similar to female, except for the following morphological traits: body length 2.3–2.6 (n = 2). Antennae 15-segmented (8: 4: 10.5: 10: 9: 9: 8: 7: 6: 6: 5: 5: 4: 3: 5). F1 slightly curved and very weakly expanded apically (
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFAFFF8FFF33AF42FF7EF8E3" box="[160,241,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-46@9.[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female face; d) male face; e) first antennal segments of the male; f) female forewing; g) host gall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450525" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450525/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2e</figureCitation>
). Genae expanded behind compound eyes, more quadrate. Malar space almost 0.7 times as long as height of compound eye (
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFAFFF8FFEDFAF6EFE2FF804" box="[332,416,1915,1942]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-46@9.[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female face; d) male face; e) first antennal segments of the male; f) female forewing; g) host gall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450525" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450525/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2d</figureCitation>
). Radial cell almost 2.4 times as long as wide; Rs vein more projected than in females and R1 very depigmented (
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFAFFF8FFE0BAF8AFE63F828" box="[408,492,1951,1978]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-46@9.[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female face; d) male face; e) first antennal segments of the male; f) female forewing; g) host gall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450525" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450525/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2b</figureCitation>
). Lower face, genae and antennae (except the last segments), yellowish orange (
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFAFFF8FFAFCAF8AFF38F84C" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-46@9.[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female face; d) male face; e) first antennal segments of the male; f) female forewing; g) host gall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450525" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450525/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2d</figureCitation>
). Tarsi yellow (
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFAFFF8FFEF7AFD6FE37F84C" box="[356,440,1987,2014]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-46@9.[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female face; d) male face; e) first antennal segments of the male; f) female forewing; g) host gall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450525" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450525/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2b</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B3D396F5FFAEFF8EFF54A883FD70FF22" box="[199,767,150,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFAEFF8EFF54A883FD70FF22" blockId="9.[151,1436,150,249]" box="[199,767,150,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFAEFF8EFF54A883FED6FF22" bold="true" box="[199,345,150,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Distribution</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFFAEFF8EFEF4A883FE4FFF22" box="[359,448,150,176]" name="Mexico" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Mexico</collectingCountry>
. State of
<collectingRegion id="390D0B9CFFAEFF8EFDBBA883FD74FF22" box="[552,763,150,176]" country="Mexico" name="Distrito Federal" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Ciudad de México</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B3D396F5FFAEFF8EFF54A8AFFF5BFF6B" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFFAEFF8EFF54A8AFFF5BFF6B" blockId="9.[151,1436,150,249]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFAEFF8EFF54A8AFFEAEFF46" bold="true" box="[199,289,186,212]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Biology</emphasis>
. Reared from galls of
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFAEFF8EFDB1A8AEFCE3FF46" authority="Kinsey, 1937" authorityName="Kinsey" authorityYear="1937" box="[546,876,186,212]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Femuros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lusum">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFAEFF8EFDB1A8AEFD40FF46" box="[546,719,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Femuros lusum</emphasis>
Kinsey, 1937
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFFAEFF8EFCEFA8AFFC41FF46" box="[892,974,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-46@9.[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female face; d) male face; e) first antennal segments of the male; f) female forewing; g) host gall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450525" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450525/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Fig.
<quantity id="3C31689BFFAEFF8EFC22A8AFFC41FF46" box="[945,974,186,212]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="g" value="2.0">2g</quantity>
</figureCitation>
) on
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFAEFF8EFB91A8AEFB76FF46" authority="Liebm." authorityName="Liebm." box="[1026,1273,186,213]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laeta">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFAEFF8EFB91A8AEFB2FFF46" box="[1026,1184,186,213]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Quercus laeta</emphasis>
Liebm.
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFFAEFF8EFA9AA8AEFAE8FF47" box="[1289,1383,187,213]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFFAEFF8EFA9AA8AEFAE8FF47" box="[1289,1383,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Quercus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
section).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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