756 lines
97 KiB
XML
756 lines
97 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="0BEBFA48CD9D54103A5E5B5B59CCEC7D">Synergus Hartig species group (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) with partially smooth mesopleurae from the New World</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CC56BFADCDABC3A2A514AB72CF883D00">Lobato-Vila, Irene</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DEF515C1116FC8C20B6645C09F3E8647">Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BB1F9E7A2924B3BF4A32EFDDC5BC8C78">Equihua-Martínez, Armando</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="24F035628C160334113C124C610FCAF2">Instituto de Fitosanidad, Colegio de Postgraduados, 56230 Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México, México & equihuaa @ colpos. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4392 - 3924</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="573F1F54490F30CCF0052093A472F9BE">Instituto de Fitosanidad, Colegio de Postgraduados, 56230 Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México, México & estradae @ colpos. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1347 - 6369</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="029A35A50E1C289EC7519CC3E06FB971">División de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Km 38.5 Carretera México-Texcoco, Chapingo, Estado de México, México & dcibrian 48 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6788 - 0178</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="6A454A2C7EC7C0A7A6DD1AD4D6212FCB">División de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Km 38.5 Carretera México-Texcoco, Chapingo, Estado de México, México & umbr 757 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2451 - 807 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="73A1E6286532E8F383B25F53C45BCE7C">Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain & jpujade @ ub. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7798 - 2717</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="E95FA3BD422ADA4F051851FBFFB4B42C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="EAD8C51EF2EDFCDD378F13D82A4F5FAF">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="73607468FF87FFA5FF04A97BFA13FECF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450580" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177009700" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4450580" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:73607468FF87FFA5FF04A97BFA13FECF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/73607468FF87FFA5FF04A97BFA13FECF" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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Key to
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<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF87FFA7FF62A97BFEEEFE1A" ID-CoL="8HRN9" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[241,353,366,392]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FF62A97BFEEEFE1A" bold="true" box="[241,353,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Synergus</emphasis>
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species with partially smooth mesopleurae from the New World
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<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FF04A9A6FF2CFE5A" bold="true" box="[151,163,435,456]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">1</emphasis>
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Lateral frontal carinae present (see
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<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFF87FFA7FDA7A9A6FC0FFE5A" author="Lobato-Vila, I. & Pujade-Villar, J." box="[564,896,435,457]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref34836" refString="Lobato-Vila, I. & Pujade-Villar, J. (2017) Description of five new species of inquiline oak gall wasps of the genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae: Synergini) with partially smooth mesopleurae from Mexico. Zoological Studies, 56 (36), 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.6620 / ZS. 2017.56 - 36" type="journal article" year="2017">Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar 2017</bibRefCitation>
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:
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<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF87FFA7FC1AA9A6FC5EFE5A" box="[905,977,435,457]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-46@9.[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female face; d) male face; e) first antennal segments of the male; f) female forewing; g) host gall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450525" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450525/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs 2a</figureCitation>
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, c–d; 6b–c). Sometimes very short, running just a little from the posterior margin of toruli and eclipsed by antennae, rarely appearing as multiple striae running from lower face and toruli to ocelli (like in
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<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF87FFA7FE7BA9FBFDE4FD91" authorityName="Pujade-Villar & Lobato-Vila" authorityYear="2017" box="[488,619,494,515]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatifrons">
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<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FE7BA9FBFDE4FD91" box="[488,619,494,515]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">S. striatifrons</emphasis>
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, see
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<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFF87FFA7FD0DA9FBFC62FD91" author="Lobato-Vila, I. & Pujade-Villar, J." box="[670,1005,494,516]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref34836" refString="Lobato-Vila, I. & Pujade-Villar, J. (2017) Description of five new species of inquiline oak gall wasps of the genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae: Synergini) with partially smooth mesopleurae from Mexico. Zoological Studies, 56 (36), 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.6620 / ZS. 2017.56 - 36" type="journal article" year="2017">Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar 2017</bibRefCitation>
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: Fig. 7a, c–d), but always visible. Syntergite with or without punctures; if present, they can form either a posterodorsal patch or a band............................ 2
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</keyLead>
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<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF87FFA7FF04AA3CFA13FDC9" blockId="32.[151,1437,435,2041]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<keyLead id="4038664BFF87FFA7FF04AA3CFA13FDC9" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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- Lateral frontal carinae absent (like
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<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF87FFA7FDAAAA3DFDFEFDAC" box="[569,625,552,574]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female head in frontal view; b) female head in dorsal view; c) mesosoma in lateral view (the black arrow points out the speculum); d) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) tarsal claws; f) female antenna; g) propodeum; h) metasoma in lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450527" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450527/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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a–b). Syntergite with or without punctures, but if present, they form at most a posterodorsal patch, never a band.......................................................................... 14
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<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF87FFA7FF04AA76FA13FD21" blockId="32.[151,1437,435,2041]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<keyLead id="4038664BFF87FFA7FF04AA76FA13FD21" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FF04AA76FF2CFDEA" bold="true" box="[151,163,611,632]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">2</emphasis>
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Syntergite posteriorly without punctures or just with some micropunctures sometimes forming a posterodorsal patch (except in males of
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<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF87FFA7FEC0AA94FE22FD07" authorityName="Burnett" authorityYear="1976" box="[339,429,640,662]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stelluli">
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<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FEC0AA94FE22FD07" box="[339,429,640,662]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">S. stelluli</emphasis>
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, which have a narrow band, but in this case the radial cell of fore wings is 2.1 times as long as wide and vertex has some wrinkles in the ocellar area................................................................ 3
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<keyLead id="4038664BFF87FFA7FF04AAA9FA13FD7C" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">- Syntergite posteriorly with a more or less extended band of punctures, occupying from 1/5 to the half of the syntergite length ................................................................................................... 9</keyLead>
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<keyLead id="4038664BFF87FFA7FF04AAE3FA13FCD4" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FF04AAE3FF2CFC99" bold="true" box="[151,163,758,779]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">3</emphasis>
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Mesoscutum with strong, widely spaced discontinuous carinae. Lateral pronotum strongly carinated. Notauli complete and well impressed in their whole length, sometimes interrupted by carinae. Pedicel as long as wide. Reared from tuberous galls.
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<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF87FFA7FAFEAB06FA13FCBA" box="[1389,1436,787,808]" name="United States of America" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">USA</collectingCountry>
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(see Lobato-Vila
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<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FE1BAB24FE3CFCD7" box="[392,435,816,838]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al</emphasis>
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. 2019: Figs 36–37)....................................................
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<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF87FFA7FB7CAB25FA13FCD4" authority="Walsh" authorityName="Walsh" authorityYear="1864" box="[1263,1436,816,838]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendax">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FB7CAB25FA13FCD4" bold="true" box="[1263,1436,816,838]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FB7CAB25FB73FCD7" bold="true" box="[1263,1276,816,837]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FA9BAB25FAD8FCD4" bold="true" box="[1288,1367,816,838]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">mendax</emphasis>
|
||
Walsh
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF87FFA7FF04AB5BFA13FC4A" blockId="32.[151,1437,435,2041]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF87FFA7FF04AB5BFA13FC4A" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
- Mesoscutum finely coriaceous or coriaceous, coriaceous to imbricated or just with weak, discontinuous and usually dense transversal elements not forming true carinae (like
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF87FFA7FD58AB7EFC9AFC13" box="[715,789,875,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1459,1483]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,885,1436]" captionTargetId="figure-333@7.[151,1436,885,1436]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 1. Synergus agrifoliae: a) female lateral habitus; b) female dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450523" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450523/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs 1b</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF87FFA7FC8CAB7EFCB4FC13" box="[799,827,875,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">4d</figureCitation>
|
||
). Lateral pronotum finely coriaceous, coriaceous or imbricated, sometimes with some carinae in the basal half. Notauli incomplete and usually shallow, faint anteriorly (except in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF87FFA7FA84AB9CFF71FC29" authorityName=": Weld" authorityYear="1926" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanopsidis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FA84AB9CFF71FC29" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">S. castanopsidis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which are complete but less impressed anteriorly, but in this case the mesoscutum never has strong carinae). Pedicel longer than wide. Reared from different morphotypes of galls, except from tuberous ones.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF87FFA7FB90ABD6FBBDFC4A" box="[1027,1074,963,984]" name="United States of America" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
and/or
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF87FFA7FBE8ABD6FB4BFC4B" box="[1147,1220,963,985]" name="Mexico" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
................ 4
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="403DDDDBFF87FFA7FF04ABF5FA13FB56" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF87FFA7FF04ABF5FA13FBA2" blockId="32.[151,1437,435,2041]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF87FFA7FF04ABF5FA13FBA2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FF04ABF5FF2CFC67" bold="true" box="[151,163,992,1013]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">4</emphasis>
|
||
Radial cell of fore wings very short, 2.1 times as long as wide. Vertex slightly wrinkled in the ocellar area. POL as long as OOL. Malar space 0.5 times as long as height of compound eye. Scutellar foveae inconspicuous.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF87FFA7FBD9ABEBFBF6FB81" box="[1098,1145,1022,1043]" name="United States of America" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFF87FFA7FB3FABEBFAA1FB86" author="Burnett, J. A." box="[1196,1326,1022,1044]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="270 - 273" refId="ref34331" refString="Burnett, J. A. (1976) Synergus stelluli, new species from Southern California (USA) associated with Andricus stellulus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Proceeding of the Entomological Society of Washington, 78 (3), 270 - 273." type="journal article" year="1976">Burnett 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: Figs A–I).....................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF87FFA7FB79AC0EFA13FBA2" authority="Burnett" authorityName="Burnett" authorityYear="1976" box="[1258,1436,1051,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stelluli">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FB79AC0EFA13FBA2" bold="true" box="[1258,1436,1051,1073]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FB79AC0EFAC8FBA3" bold="true" box="[1258,1351,1051,1073]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">S. stelluli</emphasis>
|
||
Burnett
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF87FFA7FF04AC2CFA13FB56" blockId="32.[151,1437,435,2041]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF87FFA7FF04AC2CFA13FB56" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
- Radial cell of fore wings longer, at least 2.3 times as long as wide. Vertex coriaceous, with or without small piliferous punctures, but always without wrinkles (like
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF87FFA7FDB8AC43FDFAFBFE" box="[555,629,1110,1132]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1459,1483]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,885,1436]" captionTargetId="figure-333@7.[151,1436,885,1436]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 1. Synergus agrifoliae: a) female lateral habitus; b) female dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450523" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450523/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs 1b</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF87FFA7FD13AC43FD14FBFE" box="[640,667,1110,1132]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">4d</figureCitation>
|
||
). POL longer than OOL (except in females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF87FFA7FBC8AC43FB52FBF9" authorityName="Pujade-Villar & Lobato-Vila" authorityYear="2017" box="[1115,1245,1110,1131]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FBC8AC43FB52FBF9" box="[1115,1245,1110,1131]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">S. striatifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is subequal, but in this case frons is covered with striae projecting from toruli and lower face). Malar space 0.6 times as long as height of compound eye or longer. Scutellar foveae sometimes small, shallow and/or not well defined posteriorly, but always visible.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF87FFA7FF71ACBBFE9EFB51" box="[226,273,1198,1219]" name="United States of America" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
or
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF87FFA7FEA2ACBBFEF5FB56" box="[305,378,1198,1220]" name="Mexico" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
....................................................................................... 5
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="403DDDDBFF87FFA7FF04ACDEFA13FA3C" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF87FFA7FF04ACDEFA13FAC4" blockId="32.[151,1437,435,2041]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF87FFA7FF04ACDEFA13FAC4" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FF04ACDEFF2CFB72" bold="true" box="[151,163,1227,1248]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">5</emphasis>
|
||
Frons covered with multiple fine striae projecting from lower face and toruli to ocelli. Malar space 0.8 times as long as height of compound eye. Head in anterior view more or less quadrate, the transfacial line long, 1.3 times as long as height of compound eye. POL about as long as OOL in females. Circumscutellar carina projected and upturned. Reared from galls of different
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF87FFA7FAE7AD13FEB4FAAA" ID-CoL="629XZ" authorityName="Reinhard" authorityYear="1865" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Amphibolips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FAE7AD13FEB4FAAA" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Amphibolips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF87FFA7FE52AD36FD85FAAB" box="[449,522,1315,1337]" name="Mexico" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFF87FFA7FDAEAD36FC06FAAA" author="Lobato-Vila, I. & Pujade-Villar, J." box="[573,905,1315,1337]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref34836" refString="Lobato-Vila, I. & Pujade-Villar, J. (2017) Description of five new species of inquiline oak gall wasps of the genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae: Synergini) with partially smooth mesopleurae from Mexico. Zoological Studies, 56 (36), 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.6620 / ZS. 2017.56 - 36" type="journal article" year="2017">Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: Fig. 7)......................................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF87FFA7FC79AD55FA13FAC4" authority="Pujade-Villar & Lobato-Vila" authorityName="Pujade-Villar & Lobato-Vila" authorityYear="2017" box="[1002,1436,1344,1366]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FC79AD55FA13FAC4" bold="true" box="[1002,1436,1344,1366]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FC79AD55FBFFFAC4" bold="true" box="[1002,1136,1344,1366]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">S. striatifrons</emphasis>
|
||
Pujade-Villar & Lobato-Vila
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF87FFA7FF04AD4BFA13FA3C" blockId="32.[151,1437,435,2041]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF87FFA7FF04AD4BFA13FA3C" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
- Frons coriaceous, without striae. Malar space shorter. Head in anterior view round or trapezoid, the transfacial line as long as height of compound eye or just slightly longer. Females with POL longer than OOL. Circumscutellar carina weak, neither projected nor upturned. Reared from non-tuberous galls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF87FFA7FC8AAD8DFCFFFA3F" ID-CoL="VTL" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[793,880,1432,1453]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FC8AAD8DFCFFFA3F" box="[793,880,1432,1453]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Andricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF87FFA7FCEFAD8CFC7BFA3C" ID-CoL="48HR" authorityName="Giraud" authorityYear="1859" box="[892,1012,1433,1454]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FCEFAD8CFC7BFA3C" box="[892,1012,1433,1454]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Dryocosmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF87FFA7FB87AD8CFBF0FA3C" ID-CoL="63SL" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[1044,1151,1433,1454]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FB87AD8CFBF0FA3C" box="[1044,1151,1433,1454]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Neuroterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF87FFA7FB2AAD8CFB66FA3C" box="[1209,1257,1433,1454]" name="United States of America" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
............. 6
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="403DDDDBFF87FFA7FF04ADA3FA13F9CC" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF87FFA7FF04ADA3FA13F994" blockId="32.[151,1437,435,2041]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF87FFA7FF04ADA3FA13F994" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FF04ADA3FF2CFA59" bold="true" box="[151,163,1462,1483]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">6</emphasis>
|
||
Notauli complete, reaching the posterior margin of pronotum. Median groove of the mesoscutum appearing as a short basal sulcus. Scutellar foveae large, subquadrate, weakly sculptured bottom. Female syntergite dorsodistally incised. Reared from galls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF87FFA7FEBCADE4FDBFF997" baseAuthorityName="Beutenmuller" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[303,560,1520,1542]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanopsidis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FEBCADE4FDBFF997" box="[303,560,1520,1542]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Dryocosmus castanopsidis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFF87FFA7FDF1ADE5FCF0F994" author="Pujade-Villar, J. & Melika, G." box="[610,895,1520,1542]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="215 - 218" refId="ref35991" refString="Pujade-Villar, J. & Melika, G. (2005) Synergus castanopsidis (Beutenmuller, 1918) and Synergus mexicanus Gillette, 1896, two conflictive cynipid inquilines species from America (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae: Synergini). Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 37, 215 - 218." type="journal article" year="2005">Pujade-Villar & Melika 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF87FFA7FC1BADE5FC30F995" box="[904,959,1520,1543]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1459,1483]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,885,1436]" captionTargetId="figure-333@7.[151,1436,885,1436]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 1. Synergus agrifoliae: a) female lateral habitus; b) female dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450523" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450523/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
)...........
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF87FFA7FBCEADE5FA13F994" authority="(Beutenmuller)" baseAuthorityName="Beutenmuller" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[1117,1436,1520,1542]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanopsidis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FBCEADE5FA13F994" bold="true" box="[1117,1436,1520,1542]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FBCEADE5FB75F994" bold="true" box="[1117,1274,1520,1542]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">S. castanopsidis</emphasis>
|
||
(Beutenmüller)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF87FFA7FF04AE1BFA13F9CC" blockId="32.[151,1437,435,2041]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF87FFA7FF04AE1BFA13F9CC" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
- Notauli incomplete, faint in the anterior third of the mesoscutum or before reaching the pronotal margin. Median groove of the mesoscutum absent. Scutellar foveae small, ovate or subtriangular, smooth bottom. Female syntergite not dorsodistally incised. Reared from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF87FFA7FEF3AE5DFE38F9CF" ID-CoL="VTL" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[352,439,1608,1629]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FEF3AE5DFE38F9CF" box="[352,439,1608,1629]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Andricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(non-tuberous galls) or from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF87FFA7FD47AE5CFCB0F9CC" ID-CoL="63SL" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[724,831,1609,1630]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FD47AE5CFCB0F9CC" box="[724,831,1609,1630]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Neuroterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
galls............................................. 7
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="403DDDDBFF87FFA7FF04AE73FA13F89C" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF87FFA7FF04AE73FA13F927" blockId="32.[151,1437,435,2041]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF87FFA7FF04AE73FA13F927" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FF04AE73FF2CF9E9" bold="true" box="[151,163,1638,1659]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">7</emphasis>
|
||
Transfacial line slightly longer than height of compound eye. Mesoscutum finely coriaceous to reticulated, without transversal elements (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF87FFA7FED7AE96FE04F90B" box="[324,395,1667,1689]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1459,1483]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,885,1436]" captionTargetId="figure-333@7.[151,1436,885,1436]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 1. Synergus agrifoliae: a) female lateral habitus; b) female dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450523" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450523/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 1b</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mesopleurae basally and medially with spaced striae. Body mainly brownish yellow to yellow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF87FFA7FAA0AE96FAE7F90B" box="[1331,1384,1667,1689]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1459,1483]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,885,1436]" captionTargetId="figure-333@7.[151,1436,885,1436]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 1. Synergus agrifoliae: a) female lateral habitus; b) female dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450523" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450523/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
a–b). Reared from galls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF87FFA7FE3DAEB4FD96F924" ID-CoL="63SL" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[430,537,1697,1718]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Neuroterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FE3DAEB4FD96F924" box="[430,537,1697,1718]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Neuroterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.......................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF87FFA7FB2EAEB5FA13F927" authority="Ashmead" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1896" box="[1213,1436,1696,1718]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agrifoliae">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FB2EAEB5FA13F927" bold="true" box="[1213,1436,1696,1718]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FB2EAEB5FAB9F924" bold="true" box="[1213,1334,1696,1718]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">S. agrifoliae</emphasis>
|
||
Ashmead
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF87FFA7FF04AEABFA13F89C" blockId="32.[151,1437,435,2041]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF87FFA7FF04AEABFA13F89C" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
- Transfacial line as long as height of compound eye. Mesoscutum coriaceous or imbricated, with weak, discontinuous transversal elements (like
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF87FFA7FE1DAECEFE5AF963" box="[398,469,1755,1777]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 4d</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mesopleurae basally and medially with dense striae. Body mainly black, dark brown or rufous, with some yellowish areas (like
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF87FFA7FE74AEEDFD90F89C" box="[487,543,1784,1806]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
c–d). Reared from non-tuberous
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF87FFA7FCCAAEEDFC3FF89F" ID-CoL="VTL" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[857,944,1784,1805]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FCCAAEEDFC3FF89F" box="[857,944,1784,1805]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Andricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
galls................................... 8
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="403DDDDBFF87FFA6FF04AF03FA13FF3F" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF87FFA7FF04AF03FA12F832" blockId="32.[151,1437,435,2041]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF87FFA7FF04AF03FA12F832" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FF04AF03FF2CF8B9" bold="true" box="[151,163,1814,1835]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">8</emphasis>
|
||
Head yellow, except for a black spot in the ocellar area; vertex with some small punctures; OOL 1.7 times as long as diameter of lateral ocelli (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF87FFA7FEF5AF26FE21F8DB" box="[358,430,1843,1865]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 4d</figureCitation>
|
||
). Lateral pronotum dorsally and medially imbricated, weakly wrinkled basally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF87FFA7FB39AF26FB7EF8DB" box="[1194,1265,1843,1865]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 4c</figureCitation>
|
||
). Scutellar foveae small, ovate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF87FFA7FEF7AF45FE21F8F4" box="[356,430,1872,1894]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 4d</figureCitation>
|
||
). Metasoma about 1.2 times as long as high in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF87FFA7FC65AF45FBB3F8F5" box="[1014,1084,1872,1895]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 4c</figureCitation>
|
||
), the syntergite with a posterodorsal patch of micropunctures somewhat laterally extended. Hypopygial spine almost 3.0 times as long as wide.......................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF87FFA7FBD3AF9EFA12F832" authority="McCracken & Egbert" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[1088,1437,1931,1953]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confertus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FBD3AF9EFA12F832" bold="true" box="[1088,1437,1931,1953]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF87FFA7FBD3AF9EFB39F833" bold="true" box="[1088,1206,1931,1953]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">S. confertus</emphasis>
|
||
McCracken & Egbert
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF87FFA6FF04AFBCFA13FF3F" blockId="32.[151,1437,435,2041]" lastBlockId="33.[151,1437,151,2021]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF87FFA6FF04AFBCFA13FF3F" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
- Head dark brown to black; vertex without punctures; OOL 1.4 times as long as diameter of lateral ocelli. Lateral pronotum coriaceous. Scutellar foveae subtriangular, smooth bottom. Metasoma about as long as high in lateral view, the syntergite posteriorly without punctures or just with a few, not forming a true patch. Hypopygial spine about as long as wide (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFF87FFA6FABBAFF6FED8FF3F" author="Lobato-Vila, I. & Cibrian-Tovar, D. & Barrera-Ruiz, U. M. & Equihua-Martinez, A. & Estrada-Venegas, E. G. & Tovar-Sanchez, E. & Castillo-Mendoza, E. & Buffington, M. L. & Pujade-Villar J." lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="678 - 715" refId="ref35179" refString="Lobato-Vila, I., Cibrian-Tovar, D., Barrera-Ruiz, U. M., Equihua-Martinez, A., Estrada-Venegas, E. G., Tovar-Sanchez, E., Castillo-Mendoza, E., Buffington, M. L. & Pujade-Villar J. (2020 b) Review of the Synergus Hartig species (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) associated with woolly galls on oaks from the New World, with the description of a new species from Mexico. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 122 (3), 678 - 715. https: // doi. org / 10.4289 / 0013 - 8797.122.3.678" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Lobato-Vila
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FF71A88DFE83FF3E" box="[226,268,151,173]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2020b
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: Figs 53–54).................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF86FFA6FB79A882FA13FF3F" authority="Gillette" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" box="[1258,1436,151,173]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="walshii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FB79A882FA13FF3F" bold="true" box="[1258,1436,151,173]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FB79A882FAC4FF3F" bold="true" box="[1258,1355,151,173]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. walshii</emphasis>
|
||
Gillette
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="403DDDDBFF86FFA6FF04A8A0FA13FEE8" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF86FFA6FF04A8A0FA13FEB0" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF86FFA6FF04A8A0FA13FEB0" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FF04A8A0FF2CFF58" bold="true" box="[151,163,181,202]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">9</emphasis>
|
||
Head and body mainly black, except for a yellow or brownish to chestnut halo surrounding the oral fovea (except in males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF86FFA6FA19A8A0FEB0FF7A" authorityName=": McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FA19A8A0FEB0FF7A" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. punctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which have the head yellow with a black spot in the ocellar area) (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFF86FFA6FC71A8C7FAA3FF75" author="Lobato-Vila, I. & Pujade-Villar, J." box="[994,1324,210,232]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref34836" refString="Lobato-Vila, I. & Pujade-Villar, J. (2017) Description of five new species of inquiline oak gall wasps of the genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae: Synergini) with partially smooth mesopleurae from Mexico. Zoological Studies, 56 (36), 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.6620 / ZS. 2017.56 - 36" type="journal article" year="2017">Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: Fig. 8a–b). Frons and vertex coriaceous or reticulated, without punctures. OOL about as long as diameter of lateral ocelli. Circumscutellar carina inconspicuous or absent.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FD86A918FDD1FEB1" box="[533,606,269,291]" name="Mexico" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FD1EA918FD32FEB0" box="[653,701,269,290]" name="United States of America" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
........................................................... 10
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF86FFA6FF04A93EFA13FEE8" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF86FFA6FF04A93EFA13FEE8" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
- Head and body never almost completely black, at most yellowish brown with some dark areas, brownish black or rufous (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF86FFA6FAE1A93FFF61FECF" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 4</figureCitation>
|
||
a–b, e–f; 5a–b, e–f). Frons and vertex finely coriaceous to coriaceous, with some small punctures. OOL longer than diameter of lateral ocelli. Circumscutellar carina weak, but always visible.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FCC4A970FC08FEE8" box="[855,903,357,378]" name="United States of America" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.......................................... 11
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="403DDDDBFF86FFA6FF04A997FA13FDF7" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF86FFA6FF04A997FA13FE62" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF86FFA6FF04A997FA13FE62" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FF04A997FF20FE05" bold="true" box="[151,175,386,407]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">10</emphasis>
|
||
In females, head black except for a well delimited yellow halo around the oral fovea; in males, head yellow except for a black spot in the ocellar area. F1 1.4 times as long as F
|
||
<quantity id="3C31689BFF86FFA6FD2AA9B5FD51FE27" box="[697,734,415,437]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
males. Notauli incomplete, faint in the anterior third of the mesoscutum. Syntergite with a complete band of micropunctures occupying the distal half of the syntergite length.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FB3DA9A8FB52FE40" box="[1198,1245,445,466]" name="United States of America" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFF86FFA6FA83A9A8FE13FE7D" author="Lobato-Vila, I. & Pujade-Villar, J." pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref34836" refString="Lobato-Vila, I. & Pujade-Villar, J. (2017) Description of five new species of inquiline oak gall wasps of the genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae: Synergini) with partially smooth mesopleurae from Mexico. Zoological Studies, 56 (36), 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.6620 / ZS. 2017.56 - 36" type="journal article" year="2017">Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: Figs 6; 8a)...........................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF86FFA6FB43A9CFFA13FE62" authority="Gillette" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" box="[1232,1436,474,496]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FB43A9CFFA13FE62" bold="true" box="[1232,1436,474,496]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FB43A9CFFAC5FE7D" bold="true" box="[1232,1354,474,495]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. punctatus</emphasis>
|
||
Gillette
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF86FFA6FF04A9EDFA13FDF7" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF86FFA6FF04A9EDFA13FDF7" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
- Head black, except for a not well defined brownish to chestnut halo around the oral fovea in both sexes. F1 slightly longer than F
|
||
<quantity id="3C31689BFF86FFA6FF63AA00FE9BFDB9" box="[240,276,533,555]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
males. Notauli complete and visible in their whole length, less impressed anteriorly. Syntergite with an incomplete band of micropunctures occupying about 1/3 of its length.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FD73AA27FCA6FDDA" box="[736,809,562,584]" name="Mexico" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFF86FFA6FCCFAA27FB27FDD5" author="Lobato-Vila, I. & Pujade-Villar, J." box="[860,1192,562,584]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref34836" refString="Lobato-Vila, I. & Pujade-Villar, J. (2017) Description of five new species of inquiline oak gall wasps of the genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae: Synergini) with partially smooth mesopleurae from Mexico. Zoological Studies, 56 (36), 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.6620 / ZS. 2017.56 - 36" type="journal article" year="2017">Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF86FFA6FB22AA27FB61FDD5" box="[1201,1262,562,584]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-46@9.[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female face; d) male face; e) first antennal segments of the male; f) female forewing; g) host gall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450525" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450525/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 2</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF86FFA6FB6AAA27FA88FDD5" box="[1273,1287,562,583]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female head in frontal view; b) female head in dorsal view; c) mesosoma in lateral view (the black arrow points out the speculum); d) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) tarsal claws; f) female antenna; g) propodeum; h) metasoma in lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450527" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450527/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">3</figureCitation>
|
||
; 8b)............................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF86FFA6FB8BAA5AFA13FDF7" authority="Pujade-Villar & Lobato-Vila" authorityName="Pujade-Villar & Lobato-Vila" authorityYear="2017" box="[1048,1436,591,613]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gilletti">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FB8BAA5AFA13FDF7" bold="true" box="[1048,1436,591,613]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FB8BAA5AFBFEFDF7" bold="true" box="[1048,1137,591,613]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. gilletti</emphasis>
|
||
Pujade-Villar & Lobato-Vila
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="403DDDDBFF86FFA6FF04AA78FA13FD2F" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF86FFA6FF04AA78FA13FD10" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,621,643]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF86FFA6FF04AA78FA13FD10" box="[151,1436,621,643]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FF04AA78FF21FD10" bold="true" box="[151,174,621,642]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">11</emphasis>
|
||
Notauli complete, reaching the posterior margin of pronotum, but narrower and less impressed anteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF86FFA6FB4EAA78FAA7FD11" box="[1245,1320,621,643]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 4b</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF86FFA6FAA0AA78FAC7FD11" box="[1331,1352,621,643]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,560,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-195@30.[151,1436,560,1851]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synergus profusus (synonym of S. pacificus): a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus pomiformis: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus succinipedis: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450533" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450533/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">5f</figureCitation>
|
||
).... 12
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF86FFA6FF04AA9EFA13FD2F" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF86FFA6FF04AA9EFA13FD2F" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
- Notauli incomplete, faint in the anterior half or third of the mesoscutum, not reaching the posterior margin of pronotum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF86FFA6FAE1AA9FFF76FD2F" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 4f</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF86FFA6FE90AAB2FE94FD2F" box="[259,283,679,701]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,560,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-195@30.[151,1436,560,1851]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synergus profusus (synonym of S. pacificus): a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus pomiformis: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus succinipedis: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450533" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450533/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">5b</figureCitation>
|
||
)............................................................................................. 13
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="403DDDDBFF86FFA6FF04AAD0FA13FCA1" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF86FFA6FF04AAD0FA13FD6A" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF86FFA6FF04AAD0FA13FD6A" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FF04AAD0FF20FD48" bold="true" box="[151,175,709,730]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">12</emphasis>
|
||
POL about as long as OOL. F1 1.5 times as long as F2. Lateral pronotum strongly imbricated to weakly carinated, especially basally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF86FFA6FEA0AAF7FEE4FD6A" box="[307,363,738,760]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,560,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-195@30.[151,1436,560,1851]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synergus profusus (synonym of S. pacificus): a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus pomiformis: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus succinipedis: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450533" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450533/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
e–f)................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF86FFA6FB07AAF7FA13FD6A" authority="(Ashmead)" authorityName="Weld" authorityYear="1922" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[1172,1436,738,760]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="succinipedis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FB07AAF7FA13FD6A" bold="true" box="[1172,1436,738,760]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FB07AAF7FAA9FD6A" bold="true" box="[1172,1318,738,760]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. succinipedis</emphasis>
|
||
(Ashmead)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF86FFA6FF04AB15FA13FCA1" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF86FFA6FF04AB15FA13FCA1" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
- POL about 1.8 times as long as OOL. F1 and F2 subequal. Lateral pronotum completely coriaceous (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF86FFA6FB39AAEAFB6CFC87" box="[1194,1251,767,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
a–b).......................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF86FFA6FB12AB08FA13FCA1" authority="Osten-Sacken" authorityName="Osten-Sacken" authorityYear="1865" box="[1153,1436,796,819]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="campanula">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FB12AB08FA13FCA1" bold="true" box="[1153,1436,796,819]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FB12AB08FA86FCA0" bold="true" box="[1153,1289,796,818]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. campanula</emphasis>
|
||
Osten-Sacken
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="403DDDDBFF86FFA6FF04AB2FFA12FC70" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF86FFA6FF04AB2FFA12FC18" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF86FFA6FF04AB2FFA12FC18" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FF04AB2FFF20FCDD" bold="true" box="[151,175,826,847]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">13</emphasis>
|
||
Scutellar foveae large, subquadrangular. In females, syntergite of the metasoma weakly dorsodistally incised and last flagellar segment more than 4.0 times as long as wide. Males almost completely yellow, with the malar space about 0.7 times as long as height of compound eye and POL 1.7 times as long as OOL (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF86FFA6FCBFAB60FCEAFC19" box="[812,869,885,907]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
e–f).................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF86FFA6FBC5AB60FA12FC18" authority="McCracken & Egbert" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[1110,1437,884,907]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavens">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FBC5AB60FA12FC18" bold="true" box="[1110,1437,884,907]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FBC5AB60FB38FC18" bold="true" box="[1110,1207,884,906]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. flavens</emphasis>
|
||
McCracken & Egbert
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF86FFA6FF04AB86FA12FC70" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF86FFA6FF04AB86FA12FC70" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
- Scutellar foveae ovate to subtriangular. In females, syntergite of the metasoma not dorsodistally incised and last flagellar segment about 3.0 times as long as wide. Males mainly black, with the malar space about 0.5 times as long as height of compound eye and POL 2.2 times as long as OOL (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF86FFA6FDF7ABD8FD13FC71" box="[612,668,973,995]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,560,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-195@30.[151,1436,560,1851]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synergus profusus (synonym of S. pacificus): a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus pomiformis: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus succinipedis: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450533" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450533/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
a–b)...............................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF86FFA6FBD7ABD8FA12FC70" authority="McCracken & Egbert" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" box="[1092,1437,972,995]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacificus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FBD7ABD8FA12FC70" bold="true" box="[1092,1437,972,995]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FBD7ABD8FB39FC70" bold="true" box="[1092,1206,972,994]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. pacificus</emphasis>
|
||
McCracken & Egbert
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="403DDDDBFF86FFA6FF04ABFFFA13FBE7" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF86FFA6FF04ABFFFA12FBA9" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF86FFA6FF04ABFFFA12FBA9" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FF04ABFFFF20FC6D" bold="true" box="[151,175,1002,1023]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">14</emphasis>
|
||
Head strongly transverse in dorsal view, more than 2.5 times as wide as long (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFF86FFA6FC62ABFFFAB1FC6D" author="Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. & Medianero, E." box="[1009,1342,1002,1024]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 47" refId="ref35568" refString="Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. & Medianero, E. (2011) Taxonomy of inquilines of oak gall wasps of Panama, with description of eight new species of Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Synergini). Zootaxa, 2774 (1), 1 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2774.1.1" type="journal article" year="2011">Nieves-Aldrey & Medianero 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF86FFA6FAD5ABFFFA1EFB92" box="[1350,1425,1002,1024]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1667,1691]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1436,181,1644]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female head in frontal view; b) female head in dorsal view; c) mesosoma in lateral view (the black arrow points out the speculum); d) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) tarsal claws; f) female antenna; g) propodeum; h) metasoma in lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450527" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450527/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Malar space about as long as height of compound eye (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFF86FFA6FC8BAC12FBEAFB8F" author="Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. & Medianero, E." box="[792,1125,1031,1053]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 47" refId="ref35568" refString="Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. & Medianero, E. (2011) Taxonomy of inquilines of oak gall wasps of Panama, with description of eight new species of Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Synergini). Zootaxa, 2774 (1), 1 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2774.1.1" type="journal article" year="2011">Nieves-Aldrey & Medianero 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF86FFA6FBFEAC12FB38FB8C" box="[1133,1207,1031,1054]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1459,1483]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,885,1436]" captionTargetId="figure-333@7.[151,1436,885,1436]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 1. Synergus agrifoliae: a) female lateral habitus; b) female dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450523" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450523/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FB5AAC1DFA9AFB8F" box="[1225,1301,1032,1053]" name="Panama" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
..........................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF86FFA6FC77AC30FA12FBA9" authority="Nieves-Aldrey & Medianero" authorityName="Nieves-Aldrey & Medianero" authorityYear="2011" box="[996,1437,1060,1083]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laticephalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FC77AC30FA12FBA9" bold="true" box="[996,1437,1060,1083]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FC77AC30FBF9FBA8" bold="true" box="[996,1142,1060,1082]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. laticephalus</emphasis>
|
||
Nieves-Aldrey & Medianero
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF86FFA6FF04AC56FA13FBE7" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF86FFA6FF04AC56FA13FBE7" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
- Head in dorsal view about 2.0 times as wide as long. Malar space at most 0.8 times as long as height of compound eye.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FAF5AC57FA17FBC5" box="[1382,1432,1090,1111]" name="United States of America" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FF71AC4AFEA4FBE7" box="[226,299,1119,1141]" name="Mexico" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
and/or
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FEE7AC75FE4CFBE7" box="[372,451,1120,1141]" name="Panama" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
................................................................................ 15
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="403DDDDBFF86FFA6FF04AC68FA13FAEF" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF86FFA6FF04AC68FA13FA95" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF86FFA6FF04AC68FA13FA95" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FF04AC68FF20FB00" bold="true" box="[151,175,1149,1170]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">15</emphasis>
|
||
In females, body mainly black, head black except for a brownish orange surface under compound eyes and around the oral fovea (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF86FFA6FEB7AC8FFE0EFB22" box="[292,385,1178,1200]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-46@9.[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female face; d) male face; e) first antennal segments of the male; f) female forewing; g) host gall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450525" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450525/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 2a, c</figureCitation>
|
||
); in males, lower face, genae and antennae (except the last segments), yellowish orange (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF86FFA6FB48AC8FFAB4FB22" box="[1243,1339,1178,1200]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-46@9.[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female face; d) male face; e) first antennal segments of the male; f) female forewing; g) host gall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450525" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450525/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 2b, d</figureCitation>
|
||
). OOL almost 3.0 times as long as diameter of lateral ocelli. Radial cell about 2.7 times as long as wide in females, with R1 vein weakly pigmented and Rs vein strongly projected beyond the end of the radial cell along the wing margin in both males and females (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF86FFA6FF7AACE7FEA2FA9A" box="[233,301,1266,1288]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1953,1977]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-46@9.[151,1436,272,1929]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Synergus aurofacies, sp. nov.: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female face; d) male face; e) first antennal segments of the male; f) female forewing; g) host gall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450525" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450525/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 2f</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FEADACE7FE08FA9A" box="[318,391,1266,1288]" name="Mexico" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
............................................
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FC0BACE7FA13FA95" bold="true" box="[920,1436,1266,1288]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF86FFA6FC0BACE7FAC9FA9A" authority="Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar" authorityName="Lobato-Vila & Equihua-Martínez & Estrada-Venegas & Cibrián-Tovar & Barrera-Ruíz & Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2020" box="[920,1350,1266,1288]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurofacies" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FC0BACE7FB95FA9A" bold="true" box="[920,1050,1266,1288]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. aurofacies</emphasis>
|
||
Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D28EA417FF86FFA6FADCACE7FA13FA95" box="[1359,1436,1266,1287]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF86FFA6FF04AD05FA13FAEF" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF86FFA6FF04AD05FA13FAEF" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
- In both sexes, body mainly yellow, yellowish brown, brown or black and yellow, with head at least with lower face and genae yellow or yellowish brown (like
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF86FFA6FD88AD38FDD9FAD1" box="[539,598,1325,1347]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 4</figureCitation>
|
||
g–h; 5c–d). OOL about 2.0 or less times as long as diameter of lateral ocelli. Radial cell about 2.4 times as long as wide in females, with R1 vein either weakly pigmented or not, and Rs not so strongly projected in both sexes.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FEC0AD7DFE0AFAEF" box="[339,389,1384,1405]" name="United States of America" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FE1CAD72FE57FAEF" box="[399,472,1383,1405]" name="Mexico" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
and/or
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FDB2AD7DFDE2FAEF" box="[545,621,1384,1405]" name="Panama" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
................................................................. 16
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="403DDDDBFF86FFA6FF04AD90FA13FA60" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF86FFA6FF04AD90FA13FA2A" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF86FFA6FF04AD90FA13FA2A" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FF04AD90FF20FA08" bold="true" box="[151,175,1413,1434]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">16</emphasis>
|
||
Body yellow to yellowish brown or brown. Scutellar foveae large, subquadrate to ovate. Circumscutellar carinae weak, not well defined (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF86FFA6FEA4ADB7FEE0FA2A" box="[311,367,1442,1464]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,560,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-195@30.[151,1436,560,1851]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synergus profusus (synonym of S. pacificus): a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus pomiformis: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus succinipedis: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450533" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450533/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
c–d).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FE35ADB7FE5AFA25" box="[422,469,1442,1463]" name="United States of America" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FD97ADB7FDC2FA2A" box="[516,589,1442,1464]" name="Mexico" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
.................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF86FFA6FB0FADB7FA13FA2A" authority="(Ashmead)" authorityName="Weld" authorityYear="1922" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[1180,1436,1442,1464]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pomiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FB0FADB7FA13FA2A" bold="true" box="[1180,1436,1442,1464]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FB0FADB7FAA9FA2A" bold="true" box="[1180,1318,1442,1464]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. pomiformis</emphasis>
|
||
(Ashmead)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF86FFA6FF04ADD5FA13FA60" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF86FFA6FF04ADD5FA13FA60" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
- Body brown or black with yellowish areas. Scutellar foveae absent, inconspicuous or small and shallow. Circumscutellar carina well defined, sometimes upturned and projected.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FD28ADC8FD62FA60" box="[699,749,1501,1522]" name="United States of America" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FD64ADC8FCCFFA61" box="[759,832,1501,1523]" name="Mexico" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
and/or
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FC19ADC8FC59FA60" box="[906,982,1501,1522]" name="Panama" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
................................... 17
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="403DDDDBFF86FFA6FF04ADEFFA13F94F" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF86FFA6FF04ADEFFA13F9D9" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF86FFA6FF04ADEFFA13F9D9" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FF04ADEFFF20F99D" bold="true" box="[151,175,1530,1551]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">17</emphasis>
|
||
Mesoscutum alutaceous to finely coriaceous, with weak, discontinuous transversal elements not forming true carinae. Notauli complete, reaching the posterior margin of pronotum, narrow. Scutellar foveae small, circular, separated by a wide septum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF86FFA6FAE6AE02FF60F9D9" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
g–h). Syntergite punctuation absent.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FDDCAE20FDF0F9D8" box="[591,639,1589,1610]" name="United States of America" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.........................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF86FFA6FBFDAE20FA13F9D9" authority="(Osten-Sacken)" authorityName="Osten-Sacken" authorityYear="1865" baseAuthorityName="Osten-Sacken" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[1134,1436,1588,1611]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeviventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FBFDAE20FA13F9D9" bold="true" box="[1134,1436,1588,1611]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FBFDAE20FB76F9D8" bold="true" box="[1134,1273,1588,1610]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. laeviventris</emphasis>
|
||
(Osten-Sacken)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF86FFA6FF04AE46FA13F94F" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF86FFA6FF04AE46FA13F94F" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
- Mesoscutum alutaceous to coriaceous or weakly imbricated, never with transversal elements. Notauli incomplete, faint in the anterior third or before reaching the pronotal margin (except in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF86FFA6FCD6AE65FC57F916" authorityName="Pujade-Villar & Lobato-Vila" authorityYear="2017" box="[837,984,1647,1669]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longimalaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FCD6AE65FC57F916" box="[837,984,1647,1669]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. longimalaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which are complete, but in this case the malar space is 0.8 times as long as height of compound eye and the transfacial line, 1.3 times as long as height of compound eye). Scutellar foveae shallowly impressed and almost inconspicuous or absent. Syntergite punctuation composed at most by some micropunctures either forming or not a posterodorsal patch.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FCB7AEDDFCD9F94F" box="[804,854,1736,1757]" name="United States of America" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FCF3AED2FC26F94F" box="[864,937,1735,1757]" name="Mexico" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
and/or
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FC61AEDDFBB1F94F" box="[1010,1086,1736,1757]" name="Panama" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
........................... 18
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="403DDDDBFF86FFA6FF04AEF0FA13F885" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF86FFA6FF04AEF0FA13F968" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1765,1787]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF86FFA6FF04AEF0FA13F968" box="[151,1436,1765,1787]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FF04AEF0FF20F968" bold="true" box="[151,175,1765,1786]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">18</emphasis>
|
||
Malar space 0.6 times as long as height of compound eye.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FC87AEF0FCC9F968" box="[788,838,1765,1786]" name="United States of America" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FCC3AEF0FC16F969" box="[848,921,1765,1787]" name="Mexico" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
and/or
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FC71AEF0FBA1F968" box="[994,1070,1765,1786]" name="Panama" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
............................ 19
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF86FFA6FF04AF16FA13F885" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,2021]" box="[151,1436,1794,1816]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF86FFA6FF04AF16FA13F885" box="[151,1436,1794,1816]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
- Malar space longer, 0.8 times as long as height of compound eye.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FCCFAF17FC2AF88A" box="[860,933,1794,1816]" name="Mexico" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
....................................... 20
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="403DDDDBFF86FFA6FF04AF0AFA13F839" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF86FFA6FF04AF0AFA13F8E2" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF86FFA6FF04AF0AFA13F8E2" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FF04AF0AFF20F8A6" bold="true" box="[151,175,1823,1844]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">19</emphasis>
|
||
Scape long, longer than F
|
||
<quantity id="3C31689BFF86FFA6FE48AF35FE72F8A7" box="[475,509,1823,1845]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
|
||
females and about as long as F
|
||
<quantity id="3C31689BFF86FFA6FCBEAF35FCC0F8A7" box="[813,847,1823,1845]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
|
||
males. F1 as long as F
|
||
<quantity id="3C31689BFF86FFA6FBB8AF35FBDFF8A7" box="[1067,1104,1823,1845]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
females and just slightly longer in males. Transfacial line about as long as height of compound eye.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FCC6AF28FC11F8C1" box="[853,926,1853,1875]" name="Mexico" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFF86FFA6FC42AF28FA92F8C0" author="Lobato-Vila, I. & Pujade-Villar, J." box="[977,1309,1853,1875]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref34836" refString="Lobato-Vila, I. & Pujade-Villar, J. (2017) Description of five new species of inquiline oak gall wasps of the genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae: Synergini) with partially smooth mesopleurae from Mexico. Zoological Studies, 56 (36), 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.6620 / ZS. 2017.56 - 36" type="journal article" year="2017">Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF86FFA6FAB5AF28FAD1F8C1" box="[1318,1374,1853,1875]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1875,1899]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,560,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-195@30.[151,1436,560,1851]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synergus profusus (synonym of S. pacificus): a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus pomiformis: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus succinipedis: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450533" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450533/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
)...................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF86FFA6FC71AF4FFA13F8E2" authority="Pujade-Villar & Lobato-Vila" authorityName="Pujade-Villar & Lobato-Vila" authorityYear="2017" box="[994,1436,1882,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiscapus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FC71AF4FFA13F8E2" bold="true" box="[994,1436,1882,1904]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FC71AF4FFBFFF8E2" bold="true" box="[994,1136,1882,1904]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. longiscapus</emphasis>
|
||
Pujade-Villar & Lobato-Vila
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF86FFA6FF04AF6DFA13F839" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF86FFA6FF04AF6DFA13F839" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
- Scape shorter than F1 and F1 1.3 times as long as F
|
||
<quantity id="3C31689BFF86FFA6FD46AF6DFD75F81F" box="[725,762,1911,1933]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
both sexes. Transfacial line about 1.3 times as long as height of compound eye.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FEC2AF80FE0CF838" box="[337,387,1941,1962]" name="United States of America" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FE1EAF80FE59F839" box="[397,470,1941,1963]" name="Mexico" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="83DE85EEFF86FFA6FD96AF80FDDEF838" box="[517,593,1941,1962]" name="Panama" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFF86FFA6FD17AF80FCFCF839" author="Lobato-Vila, I. & Cibrian-Tovar, D. & Barrera-Ruiz, U. M. & Equihua-Martinez, A. & Estrada-Venegas, E. G. & Tovar-Sanchez, E. & Castillo-Mendoza, E. & Buffington, M. L. & Pujade-Villar J." box="[644,883,1941,1963]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="678 - 715" refId="ref35179" refString="Lobato-Vila, I., Cibrian-Tovar, D., Barrera-Ruiz, U. M., Equihua-Martinez, A., Estrada-Venegas, E. G., Tovar-Sanchez, E., Castillo-Mendoza, E., Buffington, M. L. & Pujade-Villar J. (2020 b) Review of the Synergus Hartig species (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) associated with woolly galls on oaks from the New World, with the description of a new species from Mexico. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 122 (3), 678 - 715. https: // doi. org / 10.4289 / 0013 - 8797.122.3.678" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Lobato-Vila
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FD6DAF83FCA7F838" box="[766,808,1941,1963]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2020b
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: Figs 9–12)...............
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF86FFA6FB36AF80FA13F839" authority="(Ashmead)" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[1189,1436,1940,1963]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="citriformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FB36AF80FA13F839" bold="true" box="[1189,1436,1940,1963]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FB36AF80FAA9F838" bold="true" box="[1189,1318,1940,1962]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">S. citriformis</emphasis>
|
||
(Ashmead)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="403DDDDBFF86FFA5FF04AFA7FA13FECF" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF86FFA5FF04AFA7FA13FF59" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,2021]" lastBlockId="34.[151,1436,151,349]" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF86FFA5FF04AFA7FA13FF59" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF86FFA6FF04AFA7FF20F855" bold="true" box="[151,175,1970,1991]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">20</emphasis>
|
||
POL as long as OOL. OOL 2.2 times as long as diameter of lateral ocelli. F1 1.5 times as long as F2. Notauli complete. Scutellum alutaceous to finely coriaceous or reticulated. Syntergite of the metasoma with a few weak posterodorsal micropunctures forming a small patch, following segments and hypopygium, which is completely covered by the syntergite, not punctate (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFF85FFA5FF71A8A0FDA1FF58" author="Lobato-Vila, I. & Pujade-Villar, J." box="[226,558,181,203]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref34836" refString="Lobato-Vila, I. & Pujade-Villar, J. (2017) Description of five new species of inquiline oak gall wasps of the genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae: Synergini) with partially smooth mesopleurae from Mexico. Zoological Studies, 56 (36), 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.6620 / ZS. 2017.56 - 36" type="journal article" year="2017">Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF85FFA5FDA4A8A0FDFFFF59" box="[567,624,181,203]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1972,1996]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-146@19.[157,1430,453,1949]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus campanula: a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal view. Synergus confertus: c) lateral habitus; d) dorsal view. Synergus flavens: e) lateral habitus; f) dorsal view. Synergus laeviventris: g) lateral habitus; h) dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450529/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
)..............................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF85FFA5FC49A8A0FA13FF59" authority="Pujade-Villar & Lobato-Vila" authorityName="Pujade-Villar & Lobato-Vila" authorityYear="2017" box="[986,1436,180,203]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longimalaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF85FFA5FC49A8A0FA13FF59" bold="true" box="[986,1436,180,203]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF85FFA5FC49A8A0FBFFFF58" bold="true" box="[986,1136,180,202]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">S. longimalaris</emphasis>
|
||
Pujade-Villar & Lobato-Vila
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FB76C57EFF85FFA5FF04A8C6FA13FECF" blockId="34.[151,1436,151,349]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<keyLead id="4038664BFF85FFA5FF04A8C6FA13FECF" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
- POL 1.5 times as long as OOL. OOL 1.5 times as long as diameter of lateral ocelli. F1 1.3 times as long as F2. Notauli almost complete, faint before reaching the pronotal margin. Scutellum anteriorly coriaceous, posteriorly imbricated. Syntergite of the metasoma with a conspicuous posterodorsal patch of micropunctures, following segments and hypopygium, which is visible and projected (not covered by the syntergite), punctate (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9F58B88FFF85FFA5FCB3A93FFBE3FEAD" author="Lobato-Vila, I. & Pujade-Villar, J." box="[800,1132,298,320]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref34836" refString="Lobato-Vila, I. & Pujade-Villar, J. (2017) Description of five new species of inquiline oak gall wasps of the genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae: Synergini) with partially smooth mesopleurae from Mexico. Zoological Studies, 56 (36), 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.6620 / ZS. 2017.56 - 36" type="journal article" year="2017">Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="63F2D9FBFF85FFA5FBE6A93FFB23FED2" box="[1141,1196,298,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1459,1483]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,885,1436]" captionTargetId="figure-333@7.[151,1436,885,1436]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 1. Synergus agrifoliae: a) female lateral habitus; b) female dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450523" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450523/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
)......................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CC9BEFDFF85FFA5FB99A952FA13FECF" authority="Pujade-Villar & Lobato-Vila" authorityName="Pujade-Villar & Lobato-Vila" authorityYear="2017" box="[1034,1436,327,349]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cibriani">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF85FFA5FB99A952FA13FECF" bold="true" box="[1034,1436,327,349]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="C9BD196CFF85FFA5FB99A952FBFFFECF" bold="true" box="[1034,1136,327,349]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">S. cibriani</emphasis>
|
||
Pujade-Villar & Lobato-Vila
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |