treatments-xml/data/0B/E4/FD/0BE4FD0679FF0D278DB051956C2DF1B2.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6ea34267-96fa-4df6-a700-49c1b357afba" ID-PMC="PMC6277488" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-112-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFAEFFCDFF940F55FFCCFFB2A07D303B" ID-PubMed="30524186" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1911101" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1314-2003-112-1" ModsDocOrigin="PhytoKeys 112" ModsDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species" checkinTime="1555330596787" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pirie, Michael D., Chatrou, Lars W. &amp; Maas, Paul J. M." docDate="2018" docId="0BE4FD0679FF0D278DB051956C2DF1B2" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 112: 1-141" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 112" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897" docTitle="Cremastosperma microcarpum R. E. Fr." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="FFAEFFCDFF940F55FFCCFFB2A07D303B" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="FFAEFFCDFF940F55FFCCFFB2A07D303B" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species" masterLastPageNumber="141" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668139101010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Pirie, Michael D.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Chatrou, Lars W.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Maas, Paul J. M.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>112</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>141</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-112-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFAEFFCDFF940F55FFCCFFB2A07D303B</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1911101</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="156201266" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0BE4FD0679FF0D278DB051956C2DF1B2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0BE4FD0679FF0D278DB051956C2DF1B2" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
20. 
<taxonomicName LSID="63703F6E-5847-5F4B-A5AE-B85C677180E3" authority="R. E. Fr." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma microcarpum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microcarpum">Cremastosperma microcarpum R.E.Fr.</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Flowers of Cremastosperma. Fig. 11 from van Heusden (1992). a C. microcarpum: longitudinal section b C. oblongum R. E. Fr.: longitudinal section c C. monospermum (Rusby) R. E. Fr.: bud d C. gracilipes R. E. Fr.: flower e, f C. cauliflorum R. E. Fr.: longitudinal section (e) and stamen (f) g C. microcarpum: carpel (a Maas et al. 6281 b Maas et al. 4592 c Nelson 763 d Luteyn et al. 4890 e, f Holm-Nielsen et al. 21501 g Prance et al. 3527)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245284" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1a,g</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Fruits and seeds of Cremastosperma. Adapted from plate 8 from van Setten &amp; Koek-Noorman (1992). a Cremastosperma megalophyllum R. E. Fr. b, e C. cauliflorum R. E. Fr. c C. microcarpum R. E. Fr. d C. macrocarpum Maas f C. monospermum (Rusby) R. E. Fr. (a Brandbyge &amp; Asanza C. 30017 b, e Prance et al. 24094 c Gentry et al. 32153 d Wingfield &amp; van der Werff 6751 f Sperling et al. 6198)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245285" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2c</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 23. a, b Cremastosperma leiophyllum R. E. Fr. a flower b fruit (Pirie et al. 2; photo LWC) c, d Cremastosperma megalophyllum R. E. Fr. c habit (Maas et al. 8577, photo: PJMM), fruit (Maas et al. 8595, photo PJMM) e-g C. microcarpum R. E. Fr. e fruit (Maas et al. 6281; photo PJMM) f, g flower (Maas et al 8222; photo PJMM) h-j C. monospermum (Rusby) R. E. Fr. h habit i leaves j flower bud (Pirie et al. 5; photos LWC) k, l C. oblongum R. E. Fr. k flower l fruit (Maas et al. 9148; photos PJMM) m-o C. osicola. m fruit n flower o leaf and flower with scale bar (photos Reinaldo Aguilar)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245316" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 23</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F35" captionText="Figure 29. Cremastosperma microcarpum R. E. Fr. a leaves b flowers and flower buds c fruit (a, b Maas et al. 6281 c Vasquez &amp; Jaramillo 9350)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245330" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 29</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Map 7" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Map 7. Distribution of Cremastosperma megalophyllum R. E. Fr.; C. microcarpum R. E. Fr.; C. pedunculatum (Diels) R. E. Fr.; and C. peruvianum R. E. Fr." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.map7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245326" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, Map 7</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma microcarpum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microcarpum">Cremastosperma microcarpum</taxonomicName>
R.E.Fr., Acta Horti Bergiani 12: 559. 1939.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
BRAZIL, Amazonas: Mun. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Humaitá">Humaita</normalizedToken>
, Rio Madeira, near Tres Casas, 18 Sep 1934, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Krukoff, B.A. 6151</emphasis>
(holotype: S! [S-R-6964]; isotypes: A! [00039263], F! [V0054581F], G! [G00237254], GB! [GB-0047034], K! [K000485529], MICH! [MICH1286075], MO! [MO-047716], NY! [NY00025862], U! [U0000248], US! [US00811272, US00901600]).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tree</emphasis>
or 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">shrub</emphasis>
2-20 m tall, 2.5-18.5 cm diam.; young twigs and petioles glabrous to rather densely covered with appressed and/or erect white or golden hairs 0.3-0.4 mm long. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
: petioles 2-12 by 1.5-3 mm; lamina narrowly elliptic to elliptic or narrowly obovate, 13-31 by 4-12 cm (index 1.8 
<normalizedToken originalValue="–3.8(–">-3.8(-</normalizedToken>
4.8)), chartaceous, green, greyish- or brownish-green or brown on both sides, shiny above, venation below often yellowish, glabrous above, glabrous to rather densely covered with appressed or erect white hairs to 0.2 mm long at the base and on primary and secondary veins below, base acute to obtuse, rarely rounded or narrowly cuneate, apex acuminate (acumen 10-40 mm long), primary vein 1-2 mm wide at widest point, more or less verrucose on both sides, lightly grooved for around half of length, secondary veins 7-15, often 1-4 intersecondary veins, distance between from ca. 5 mm at the base to ca. 20 mm closer to the apex, angles with primary vein mostly from 45-60° at the base to 60-80° closer to the apex, not branching, forming distinct loops, smallest distance between loops and margin 2-7 mm, tertiary veins percurrent. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescence</emphasis>
of single flowers, solitary or clustered in groups of up to 3, on leafy or leafless twigs; peduncles (3 
<normalizedToken originalValue="–)5–">-)5-</normalizedToken>
15 by ca. 1 mm (in flower), 4-15 by 1-2 mm (in fruit); pedicels (5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="–)12–">-)12-</normalizedToken>
24 by ca. 1 mm at the base (in flower), 10-25 by 1-2 mm (in fruit), peduncles and pedicels sparsely to rather densely covered with appressed or erect whitish hairs to 0.3 mm long; 1 to several lower bract(s), the basal-most small and scale-like, those more apical mostly (long) elliptic, occasionally leaf-like, 2 
<normalizedToken originalValue="–6(–">-6(-</normalizedToken>
60) by ca. 1 mm, acute, soon falling off, rather densely covered with appressed white hairs to 0.3 mm long; upper bract attached mostly on the basal half of the pedicel, ovate to deltate, 1.5-2.5 by 1-1.5 mm, obtuse or acute, sparsely to rather densely covered with appressed or erect golden hairs to 0.3 mm long; closed flower buds very broadly to depressed ovoid, opening loosely in development; flowers green, maturing to brown, (pale) yellow, cream or white outside, cream or yellow inside, sepals green or dark brown outside, green with a pink base inside 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in vivo</emphasis>
, pale (orange-) brown or brown with dark or reddish-brown base 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in sicco</emphasis>
, sepals and petals rather densely to densely covered with appressed or erect golden hairs (whitish close to the edges) to 0.3 mm long; sepals free or connate for 0.5 mm, broadly ovate to deltate, not reflexed, 3-4[-6] by 2.5-4[-6] mm, obtuse, soon falling off; outer petals ovate to very broadly ovate, rounded, 11-18[-19] by 10-17 mm, inner petals elliptic to (narrowly) obovate, obtuse, 10-16[-22] by 5-8[-10] mm; androecium ca. 7 mm diam., stamens 1.3-1.5 mm long, connective appendage 0.6-0.8 mm wide; gynoecium ca. 1 mm diam., carpels 2-2.5[-2.9] long, sparsely covered with erect whitish hairs to 0.1 mm long. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Monocarps</emphasis>
(8-)17-33, ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, asymmetrical, 8-11 by 6-8 mm, often with an oblique longitudinal groove corresponding to the seed raphe, green maturing to pink or orange through purple or brownish-red, brown and black 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in vivo</emphasis>
, dark or reddish-brown 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in sicco</emphasis>
, with an excentric apicule, monocarps, stipes and receptacle sparsely to rather densely covered with erect whitish hairs ca. 0.1 mm long; stipes 8-16 by 1 mm; fruiting receptacle 4-8 mm diam. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Seeds</emphasis>
broadly ellipsoid, orange brown, pitted, 6-8 by 5-6 mm, raphe sunken, somewhat irregular.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Amazonian Colombia (Amazonas), Ecuador (Morona-Santiago), Peru (Amazonas, Loreto) and Brazil (Amazonas).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Forest inundated by white (
<normalizedToken originalValue="várzea">varzea</normalizedToken>
) or black (tahuampa) water, on yellowish, lateritic soil. At elevations of 80-200 m. Flowering: March, July and September; fruiting: throughout the year.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="vernacular names">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vernacular names.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Peru: Bara (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">McDaniel et al. 17020</emphasis>
), Barra caspi (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">McDaniel et al. 20677</emphasis>
), 
<normalizedToken originalValue="churú">churu</normalizedToken>
yais (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F. Dominguez 52, 59</emphasis>
), Hicojilla (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Schunke V. 6412</emphasis>
), Icoja (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M.E. Mathias et al. 5510</emphasis>
), Yais (Huambisa; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Huashikat 321, 493</emphasis>
), Zorro Caspi Blanco (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Freitas 8</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma microcarpum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microcarpum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma microcarpum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles most closely 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. gracilipes" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from which it differs in the denser, longer hairs on the flowers and the generally acuminate as opposed to caudate leaf apex (but see discussion under that species). The hairy flower resembles somewhat those of 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. cauliflorum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="cauliflorum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. cauliflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but which cannot be confused as 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. microcarpum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="microcarpum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. microcarpum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
never exhibits a branching inflorescence. In addition, the monocarps of 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. cauliflorum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="cauliflorum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. cauliflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are larger than those of 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. microcarpum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="microcarpum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. microcarpum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and characteristically globose to transversely broadly ellipsoid as opposed to ellipsoid.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma microcarpum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microcarpum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma microcarpum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is one of the more widespread and abundant species of the genus, including occurrences in protected areas in Colombia. Least concern [LC] (Table 
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Summary of IUCN preliminary conservation status per species including calculations using ConR (Dauby et al. 2017). The total number of collections is shown, including the number georeferenced (thus included in the calculations using ConR). &quot; Unique occurrences &quot; represent those with differing coordinates, whereby for poorly collected species, numbers of collections that could not be precisely georeferenced but nevertheless represent additional occurrences are indicated; &quot; locations &quot; refers to the IUCN definition as &quot; a geographically or ecologically distinct area in which a single threat can rapidly affect all individuals of the taxon present &quot;; and &quot; subpopulations &quot; are &quot; geographically or otherwise distinct groups in the population between which there is little demographic or genetic exchange (IUCN 2012). EOO = extent of occurrence, whereby the criteria contributing to endangered status are CR &lt;100 km 2, EN &lt;5,000 km 2 and VU &lt;20,000 km 2; AOO = area of occupancy, whereby the criteria are CR &lt;10 km 2, EN &lt;500 km 2 and VU &lt;2,000 km 2. We estimated EOO and AOO using ConR, also indicating for (potentially) threatened species where the values would be higher taking non-georeferenced specimens into account. Known occurrences (or not) in protected areas (national parks or reserves with protected status according to the IUCN; https: // protectedplanet. net / accessed 04.09.2018) are documented and an overall threat category with IUCN code is presented which takes into account each of these factors (as discussed individually in each species treatment)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/45F44CBB3BA4F892B1D1B4BC42D3B1F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="45F44CBB3BA4F892B1D1B4BC42D3B1F1">1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">BRAZIL. Amazonas</emphasis>
: Rio Embira, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="7" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-7.5">7°30'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="70" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-70.25">70°15'W</geoCoordinate>
, 10 Jun 1933, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Krukoff 4748</emphasis>
(F, G, K, MICH, MO, NY, S, U). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">COLOMBIA. Amazonas</emphasis>
: Parque Nacional Amacayacu, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-3.0166667">3°01'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="70" direction="west" minutes="02" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-70.03333">70°02'W</geoCoordinate>
, 100 m a.s.l., 21 Jun 1991, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rudas et al. 2260</emphasis>
(MO). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">ECUADOR. Morona-Santiago</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Santiago-Río">Santiago-Rio</normalizedToken>
Morona road, E of Santiago, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="2" direction="south" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="24" value="-2.9733334">2°58'24&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="36" value="-77.82667">77°49'36&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 322 m a.s.l., 10 Jul 2004, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Croat 90749</emphasis>
(MO, U). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">PERU. Amazonas</emphasis>
: 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Santiago valley, Quebrada Caterpiza, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-4.0">4°00'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.0">77°00'W</geoCoordinate>
, 200 m a.s.l., 3 Sep 1979, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Huashikat 321</emphasis>
(MO). 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Loreto</emphasis>
: Yanamono Explorama Reserve, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-3.45">3°27'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-72.85">72°51'W</geoCoordinate>
, 100-150 m a.s.l., 30 Dec 1998, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chatrou et al. 208</emphasis>
(MOL, U); Nauta-Parimari, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="5" direction="south" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-5.0">5°00'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-74.25">74°15'W</geoCoordinate>
, 90 m a.s.l., 1993, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Del Carpio 2213</emphasis>
(MO); Jenaro Herrera, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-4.9166665">4°55'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-73.666664">73°40'W</geoCoordinate>
, 125 m a.s.l., 26 Oct 1988, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Freitas 8</emphasis>
(U); Mishana, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Nanay, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-3.8333333">3°50'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-73.5">73°30'W</geoCoordinate>
, 130 m a.s.l., 26 Feb 1979, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gentry</emphasis>
&amp; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aronson 25111</emphasis>
(U, USM); Quistacocha, near Iquitos, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-3.75">3°45'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-73.333336">73°20'W</geoCoordinate>
, 140 m a.s.l., 13 Mar 1981, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gentry et al. 32153</emphasis>
(MO, NY, U, USM); 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Samiria, Flor de Yarina, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="5" direction="south" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-5.0333333">5°02'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-74.5">74°30'W</geoCoordinate>
, 140-160 m a.s.l., 4 Aug 1982, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gentry et al. 38085</emphasis>
(MO, U); Reserva Nacional Pacaya-Samiria, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-3.3">3°18'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-74.833336">74°50'W</geoCoordinate>
, 130 m a.s.l., 22 Oct 1990, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Grández">Grandez</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
&amp; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. Jaramillo 2032</emphasis>
(MO); Braga, near 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caño">Cano</normalizedToken>
Supay, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Ucayali, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-4.9166665">4°55'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-73.73333">73°44'W</geoCoordinate>
, 110 m a.s.l., 27 Oct 1994, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Maas et al. 8222</emphasis>
(L, U, USM, WU); Mishana, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Nanay, Quebreda San Pedro, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-3.9166667">3°55'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-73.583336">73°35'W</geoCoordinate>
, 130 m a.s.l., 26 Sep 1986, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vásquez">Vasquez</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
&amp; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. Jaramillo 8010</emphasis>
(MO, U); Mariscal Castilla, Caballo cocha, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-3.9166667">3°55'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="70" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-70.5">70°30'W</geoCoordinate>
, 106 m a.s.l., 14 Jul 1987, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vásquez">Vasquez</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
&amp; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. Jaramillo 9350</emphasis>
(F, MO, U, USM); Sapuena, Jenaro Herrera, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-4.8333335">4°50'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-73.75">73°45'W</geoCoordinate>
, 170 m a.s.l., 17 Nov 1987, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vásquez">Vasquez</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
&amp; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. Jaramillo 10088</emphasis>
(MO, U, USM).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1911267" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245330" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 29" startId="F35">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 29.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma microcarpum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microcarpum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma microcarpum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
R.E.Fr. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">a</emphasis>
leaves 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">b</emphasis>
flowers and flower buds 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">c</emphasis>
fruit (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">a, b</emphasis>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Maas et al. 6281</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">c</emphasis>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vásquez">Vasquez</normalizedToken>
&amp; Jaramillo 9350
</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>