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<document id="50A867D7A7D4E9979599CD154F5654EE" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630454141863" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Sak, Serdar, Huys, Rony &amp; Karaytuğ, Süphan" docDate="2008" docId="047B2A1AC367967355B7BFE1C2A2FE89" docLanguage="en" docName="j.1096-3642.2007.00373.x.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 152" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8.2:ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Psammoleptastacus arenaridus Pennak 1942" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="426" masterDocId="F8425262C3699662552DBB3BC733FF90" masterDocTitle="Disentangling the subgeneric division of Arenopontia Kunz, 1937: resurrection of Psammoleptastacus Pennak, 1942, re-examination of Neoleptastacus spinicaudatus Nicholls, 1945, and proposal of two new genera and a new generic classification (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Arenopontiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="458" masterPageNumber="409" pageNumber="423" updateTime="1699276690232" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="5F8C238988F3FD12AE3F1C6B40C0A3E1">Disentangling the subgeneric division of Arenopontia Kunz, 1937: resurrection of Psammoleptastacus Pennak, 1942, re-examination of Neoleptastacus spinicaudatus Nicholls, 1945, and proposal of two new genera and a new generic classification (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Arenopontiidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B257E09E88E3B2CDC2FF280EA07B0341">Sak, Serdar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4CAC9B9ABD44298C05C3308C105292EE">Huys, Rony</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="80D7B1D0D64E58D799EFCC060B471EE7">Karaytuğ, Süphan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="3405D3F5062BC56BD8E61F18CDDA1098">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="F2B1EFFE6657F7BD35A67EA522C3453F">2008</mods:date>
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<treatment id="047B2A1AC367967355B7BFE1C2A2FE89" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5492175" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5492175" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:047B2A1AC367967355B7BFE1C2A2FE89" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/047B2A1AC367967355B7BFE1C2A2FE89" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="426" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">
<subSubSection id="C4C8C887C367966C55B7BFE1C5DFFB7E" box="[154,748,1241,1263]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8C6D9B0CC367966C55B7BFE1C5DFFB7E" blockId="14.[154,748,1241,1263]" box="[154,748,1241,1263]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">
<heading id="D7252C60C367966C55B7BFE1C5DFFB7E" box="[154,748,1241,1263]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4BD2E08FC367966C55B7BFE1C5EDFB7E" authority="PENNAK, 1942" authorityName="Pennak" authorityYear="1942" box="[154,734,1241,1263]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Psammoleptastacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaridus">
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C55B7BFE1C51EFB7D" box="[154,557,1242,1263]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">PSAMMOLEPTASTACUS ARENARIDUS</emphasis>
PENNAK, 1942
</taxonomicName>
A
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C4C8C887C367966C55BDBE3BC64FF922" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8C6D9B0CC367966C55BDBE3BC6A2FAA4" blockId="14.[144,759,1280,1332]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">
<taxonomicName id="4BD2E08FC367966C55BDBE3BC59DFA85" authority="Pennak, 1942 a" authorityName="Pennak" authorityYear="1942" box="[144,686,1280,1302]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Psammoleptastacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenardius">
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C55BDBE3BC6C5FA85" box="[144,502,1280,1301]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">Psammoleptastacus arenardius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC367966C54D2BE3BC59DFA85" author="Pennak RW" box="[511,686,1280,1302]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" pagination="274 - 285" refId="ref25885" refString="Pennak RW. 1942 a. Harpacticoid copepods from some intertidal beaches near Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 61: 274 - 285." type="journal article" year="1942">Pennak, 1942a</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC367966C5797BE3BC7E4FAA4" author="Coull BC" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref24652" refString="Coull BC. 1977. Copepoda Harpacticoida. In: Marine Flora and Fauna of the north-eastern United States. NOAA Technical Report. NMFS Circular 399: 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1977">Coull (1977)</bibRefCitation>
(
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C55C4BE25C6BAFAA3" box="[233,393,1310,1331]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">lapsus calami</emphasis>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C6D9B0CC367966C55BDBE73C7D6FAEC" blockId="14.[144,758,1351,1404]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">
<taxonomicName id="4BD2E08FC367966C55BDBE73C7D6FAEC" authority="(Pennak, 1942 a) Noodt (1955 a)" authorityName="Noodt" authorityYear="1955" baseAuthorityName="Pennak" baseAuthorityYear="1942" class="Hexanauplia" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Arenopontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenarida">
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C55BDBE73C69BFACC" box="[144,424,1351,1373]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">Arenopontia arenarida</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC367966C54E3BE7CC5BEFACE" author="Pennak RW" box="[462,653,1351,1374]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" pagination="274 - 285" refId="ref25885" refString="Pennak RW. 1942 a. Harpacticoid copepods from some intertidal beaches near Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 61: 274 - 285." type="journal article" year="1942">Pennak, 1942a</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC367966C579FBE7CC7D6FAEC" author="Noodt W" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" pagination="49 - 94" refId="ref25717" refString="Noodt W. 1955 a. Marmara denizi Harpacticoid'leri (Crust. Cop.). Marine Harpacticoiden (Crust. Cop.) aus dem Marmara Meer. Istanbul Universitesi Fen Fakultesi Mecmuasi (B) 20: 49 - 94." type="journal article" year="1955">Noodt (1955a)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C6D9B0CC367966C55BDBEABC64FFA54" blockId="14.[144,758,1423,1476]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">
<taxonomicName id="4BD2E08FC367966C55BDBEABC7ECFA54" authority="(Pennak, 1942 a)" authorityName="Noodt" authorityYear="1955" baseAuthorityName="Pennak" baseAuthorityYear="1942" class="Hexanauplia" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Arenopontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenarida" subGenus="Arenopontia">
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C55BDBEABC628FA35" box="[144,283,1424,1445]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">Arenopontia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C546BBEABC6E2FA35" box="[326,465,1424,1445]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">Arenopontia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C54D1BEB4C55EFA34" box="[508,621,1423,1444]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">arenarida</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC367966C57B5BEB4C7EBFA54" author="Pennak RW" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" pagination="274 - 285" refId="ref25885" refString="Pennak RW. 1942 a. Harpacticoid copepods from some intertidal beaches near Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 61: 274 - 285." type="journal article" year="1942">Pennak, 1942a</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC367966C55C0BE95C64FFA54" author="Wells JBJ" box="[237,380,1454,1476]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" pagination="189 - 358" refId="ref26577" refString="Wells JBJ. 1967. The littoral Copepoda (Crustacea) of Inhaca Island, Mozambique. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 67: 189 - 358." type="journal article" year="1967">Wells (1967)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C6D9B0CC367966C55BDBEECC6BAF99B" blockId="14.[144,758,1495,1548]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">
<taxonomicName id="4BD2E08FC367966C55BDBEECC56DFA7D" authority="(Pennak, 1942 a)" baseAuthorityName="Pennak" baseAuthorityYear="1942" box="[144,606,1495,1517]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Arenopontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenardia">
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C55BDBEECC6A6FA7C" box="[144,405,1495,1516]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">Arenopontia arenardia</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC367966C548BBEECC565FA7D" author="Pennak RW" box="[422,598,1495,1517]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" pagination="274 - 285" refId="ref25885" refString="Pennak RW. 1942 a. Harpacticoid copepods from some intertidal beaches near Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 61: 274 - 285." type="journal article" year="1942">Pennak, 1942a</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC367966C5746BEECC5C1FA7C" author="Coull BC" box="[619,754,1495,1517]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" pagination="195 - 237" refId="ref24623" refString="Coull BC. 1971. Meiobenthic Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) from the North Carolina continental shelf. Cahiers de Biologie marine 12: 195 - 237." type="journal article" year="1971">Coull (1971</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC367966C55BDBECDC7F4F99C" author="Coull BC" box="[144,199,1526,1548]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref24652" refString="Coull BC. 1977. Copepoda Harpacticoida. In: Marine Flora and Fauna of the north-eastern United States. NOAA Technical Report. NMFS Circular 399: 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1977">1977</bibRefCitation>
) (
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C55CCBECDC6B2F99B" box="[225,385,1526,1547]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">lapsus calami</emphasis>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C6D9B0CC367966C55BDBD24C64DF9C4" blockId="14.[144,759,1567,1620]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">
<taxonomicName id="4BD2E08FC367966C55BDBD24C5C4F9A5" authority="Noodt (1955 b) sensu Coull (1971)" authorityName="Noodt (1955 b) sensu Coull" authorityYear="1971" box="[144,759,1567,1589]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Arenopontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stygia">
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C55BDBD24C65BF9A5" box="[144,360,1567,1589]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">Arenopontia stygia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC367966C545FBD24C525F9A5" author="Noodt W" box="[370,534,1567,1589]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" pagination="86 - 109" refId="ref25760" refString="Noodt W. 1955 b. Harpacticiden (Crust. Cop.) aus dem Sandstrand der franzosischen Biscaya-Kuste. Kieler Meeresforschungen 11: 86 - 109." type="journal article" year="1955">Noodt (1955b)</bibRefCitation>
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C570DBD1BC56CF9A5" box="[544,607,1568,1589]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC367966C5744BD24C5C4F9A5" author="Coull BC" box="[617,759,1567,1589]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" pagination="195 - 237" refId="ref24623" refString="Coull BC. 1971. Meiobenthic Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) from the North Carolina continental shelf. Cahiers de Biologie marine 12: 195 - 237." type="journal article" year="1971">Coull (1971)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC367966C55E9BD05C64DF9C4" author="Lindgren EW" box="[196,382,1598,1620]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" pagination="229 - 240" refId="ref25309" refString="Lindgren EW. 1976. Five species of Arenopontia (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) from a North Carolina beach, U. S. A. Crustaceana 30: 229 - 240." type="journal article" year="1976">Lindgren (1976)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C6D9B0CC367966C55BDBD44C64FF922" blockId="14.[144,758,1663,1715]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C55BDBD44C6B6F904" box="[144,389,1663,1684]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">Original description:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC367966C54BFBD44C561F905" author="Pennak RW" box="[402,594,1663,1685]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" pagination="274 - 285" refId="ref25885" refString="Pennak RW. 1942 a. Harpacticoid copepods from some intertidal beaches near Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 61: 274 - 285." type="journal article" year="1942">Pennak (1942a)</bibRefCitation>
: pp. 275278; plate I, figures 111.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C4C8C887C367967355BDBDE4C2A2FE89" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="426" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8C6D9B0CC367966C55BDBDE4C7E7F8FF" blockId="14.[144,759,1758,1903]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">
<materialsCitation id="3CBA9151C367966C55BDBDE4C7E3F8FF" country="United States of America" location="north Cape Cod" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Massachusetts" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C55BDBDE4C601F963" box="[144,306,1758,1780]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">
<typeStatus id="536925AEC367966C55BDBDE4C7F7F964" box="[144,196,1759,1780]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F4C5DB9CC367966C546ABDE4C64CF964" box="[327,383,1759,1780]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">USA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="4E1655EEC367966C54B5BDE5C570F964" box="[408,579,1758,1780]" country="United States of America" name="Massachusetts" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">Massachusetts</collectingRegion>
, Woods Hole.
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC367966C55BDBDC6C676F883" author="Pennak RW" box="[144,325,1789,1811]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" pagination="274 - 285" refId="ref25885" refString="Pennak RW. 1942 a. Harpacticoid copepods from some intertidal beaches near Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 61: 274 - 285." type="journal article" year="1942">Pennak (1942a)</bibRefCitation>
collected material from both Nobska and
<location id="890DCDD7C367966C55E9BC27C648F8A2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:047B2A1AC367967355B7BFE1C2A2FE89:890DCDD7C367966C55E9BC27C648F8A2" box="[196,379,1820,1842]" country="United States of America" name="north Cape Cod" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" stateProvince="Massachusetts">north Cape Cod</location>
beaches, but did not specify the
<typeStatus id="536925AEC367966C55BDBC00C7F2F8C0" box="[144,193,1851,1872]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">type</typeStatus>
locality; sand washings in vicinity of high tide mark
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C6D9B0CC367966C560BBBFDC48CFEC5" blockId="14.[806,1421,197,342]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C560BBBFDC336FF4B" box="[806,1029,198,219]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3CBA9151C367966C513CBBFDC453FE89" collectionCode="NMNH, RH" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="syntype">
<collectionCode id="EAC303C9C367966C513CBBFDC35BFF4B" box="[1041,1128,198,219]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/142r-0w94" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" type="Museum">NMNH</collectionCode>
:
<specimenCount id="9AD45085C367966C5158BBFDC38DFF4B" box="[1141,1214,197,219]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" type="male">one ♂</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="536925AEC367966C51EABBFDC213FF4B" box="[1223,1312,198,219]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
mounted
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C560BBBDEC45DFF6A" box="[806,878,229,250]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">in toto</emphasis>
on slide, and partly remounted by one of us (
<collectionCode id="EAC303C9C367966C5603BA38C46BFE89" box="[814,856,259,281]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">RH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; erroneously labelled
<taxonomicName id="4BD2E08FC367966C5143BA38C47CFEA7" authority="Sak &amp; Huys &amp; Karaytuğ, 2008" authorityName="Sak &amp; Huys &amp; Karaytuğ" authorityYear="2008" class="Hexanauplia" family="Leptastacidae" genus="Paraleptastacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaridus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C5143BA38C47CFEA7" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">Paraleptastacus arenaridus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A595FA65C367966C567BBA19C4B3FEA7" box="[854,896,290,311]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" rank="genus">n.g.</taxonomicNameLabel>
n. sp.; Cat. no. 81982; leg.
<materialsCitation id="3CBA9151C367966C5194BA19C488FEC5" collectingDate="1939-09" collectionCode="R" collectorName="W. Pennak" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
<collectionCode id="EAC303C9C367966C5194BA19C3FFFEA7" box="[1209,1228,290,311]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="2127FEDAC367966C51E2BA19C263FEA8" box="[1231,1360,290,312]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">W. Pennak</collectorName>
,
<date id="F86CBDCCC367966C5076BA19C488FEC5" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" value="1939-09">
<collectingDate id="E8284424C367966C5076BA19C488FEC5" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" value="1939-09">September 1939</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C6D9B0CC367966C560BBA46C327FE02" blockId="14.[806,1422,381,1903]" box="[806,1044,381,402]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C560BBA46C327FE02" box="[806,1044,381,402]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">Partial redescription</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C6D9B0CC367966C560BBAA7C4A2FD18" blockId="14.[806,1422,381,1903]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C560BBAA7C455FE21" box="[806,870,412,433]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">Male:</emphasis>
Total body length from tip of rostrum to posterior margin of caudal rami: 325
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C5194BA82C3F4FE40" bold="true" box="[1209,1223,441,464]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">M</emphasis>
m. Body: slender and cylindrical, without clear distinction between prosome and urosome. Hyaline frills of thoracic somites weakly developed and crenulated (
<figureCitation id="14E98789C367966C5019B92DC40AFDDA" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[164,243,1840,1859]" captionTargetBox="[244,1363,196,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-0@15.[242,1364,194,1810]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. Psammoleptastacus arenaridus Pennak, 1942a (♂). A, urosome, ventral view. B, P5 and P6, ventral view. C, posterior portion of penultimate somite, anal somite, and caudal rami, dorsolateral view. D, rostrum." pageId="14" pageNumber="423">Fig. 6A, B</figureCitation>
); those of abdominal somites strongly developed and consisting of rectangular digitate lappets (
<figureCitation id="14E98789C367966C5603B949C4B6FD18" box="[814,901,626,648]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[164,243,1840,1859]" captionTargetBox="[244,1363,196,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-0@15.[242,1364,194,1810]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. Psammoleptastacus arenaridus Pennak, 1942a (♂). A, urosome, ventral view. B, P5 and P6, ventral view. C, posterior portion of penultimate somite, anal somite, and caudal rami, dorsolateral view. D, rostrum." pageId="14" pageNumber="423">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C6D9B0CC367966C5612B9AAC3A0FBA5" blockId="14.[806,1422,381,1903]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">
Caudal rami (
<figureCitation id="14E98789C367966C56C9B9AAC36FFD37" box="[996,1116,657,679]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[164,243,1840,1859]" captionTargetBox="[244,1363,196,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-0@15.[242,1364,194,1810]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. Psammoleptastacus arenaridus Pennak, 1942a (♂). A, urosome, ventral view. B, P5 and P6, ventral view. C, posterior portion of penultimate somite, anal somite, and caudal rami, dorsolateral view. D, rostrum." pageId="14" pageNumber="423">Fig. 6A, C</figureCitation>
): approximately 2.8 times longer than basal width, tapering posteriorly; with one pore dorsally, one pore near ventral proximal margin, and two pores laterally near outer spinules; outer distal corner produced into posteriorly directed recurved spinous process, accompanied by ventral spinular row at base; dorsomedial surface with posteriorly directed spinous process. Armature consisting of seven setae: seta I, small; setae II and III, long and naked; seta IV, short, sparsely pinnate, located between seta
<collectionCode id="EAC303C9C367966C56E4B8F8C4E8FC48" box="[969,987,963,984]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
and distal spinous process; seta
<collectionCode id="EAC303C9C367966C5055B8F8C2B9FC48" box="[1400,1418,963,984]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
, long and with fracture plane; seta
<collectionCode id="EAC303C9C367966C51EEB8D9C3D2FC67" box="[1219,1249,994,1015]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">VI</collectionCode>
, small, naked, and fused at base to seta
<collectionCode id="EAC303C9C367966C514EBF3BC345FB85" box="[1123,1142,1024,1045]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="14" pageNumber="423" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
; seta VII, weakly foliaceous and triarticulate at base.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C6D9B0CC367966C5612BF05C49EFB00" blockId="14.[806,1422,381,1903]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">
Rostrum (
<figureCitation id="14E98789C367966C5697BF06C321FBC3" box="[954,1042,1085,1107]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[164,243,1840,1859]" captionTargetBox="[244,1363,196,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-0@15.[242,1364,194,1810]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. Psammoleptastacus arenaridus Pennak, 1942a (♂). A, urosome, ventral view. B, P5 and P6, ventral view. C, posterior portion of penultimate somite, anal somite, and caudal rami, dorsolateral view. D, rostrum." pageId="14" pageNumber="423">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
): small, broadly subtriangular, tapering distally, with two delicate sensillae and subapical pore.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C6D9B0CC367966C5612BFA2C45AFA6F" blockId="14.[806,1422,381,1903]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">
Antennule (
<figureCitation id="14E98789C367966C56FABFA2C31DFB3F" box="[983,1070,1177,1199]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="16.[144,223,1834,1853]" captionTargetBox="[211,1357,196,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-0@16.[210,1358,195,1805]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 7. Psammoleptastacus arenaridus Pennak, 1942a (♂). A, antennule, ventral view. B, P1, anterior view. C, P2 endopod, anterior view. D, P3 endopod, anterior view. E, P4 endopod, anterior view." pageId="14" pageNumber="423">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
): nine-segmented, haplocer; geniculation between segments 7 and 8. Segment 2 longest; segment 4 an incomplete sclerite with one modified (fused at base) and one tiny element; segment 5 with long aesthetasc fused basally to seta; segments 68 with one seta and one basally fused spiniform element. Setal formula: 1-[1], 2-[7
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C5046BE74C24AFAF6" bold="true" box="[1387,1401,1359,1382]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">+</emphasis>
1 plumose], 3-[4
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C56FEBE55C4D2FA15" bold="true" box="[979,993,1390,1413]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">+</emphasis>
1 pinnate spine], 4-[1
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C51C3BE55C3CFFA15" bold="true" box="[1262,1276,1390,1413]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">+</emphasis>
1 modified], 5-[2
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C5674BEB6C454FA34" bold="true" box="[857,871,1421,1444]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">+</emphasis>
(1
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C56A7BEB6C4ABFA34" bold="true" box="[906,920,1421,1444]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">+</emphasis>
ae)], 6-[1
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C5122BEB6C32EFA34" bold="true" box="[1039,1053,1421,1444]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">+</emphasis>
1 modified], 7-[1
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C51C3BEB6C3CFFA34" bold="true" box="[1262,1276,1421,1444]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">+</emphasis>
1 modified], 8-[1
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C5674BE90C454FA52" bold="true" box="[857,871,1451,1474]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">+</emphasis>
1 modified], 9-[7
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC367966C5119BE90C371FA52" bold="true" box="[1076,1090,1451,1474]" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">+</emphasis>
acrothek]. Acrothek consisting of short aesthetasc fused basally to two slender setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C6D9B0CC36796735612BD33C57FFF6A" blockId="14.[806,1422,381,1903]" lastBlockId="17.[164,779,198,985]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="426" pageId="14" pageNumber="423">
P1 (
<figureCitation id="14E98789C367966C565EBD33C4FAF98E" box="[883,969,1544,1566]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="16.[144,223,1834,1853]" captionTargetBox="[211,1357,196,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-0@16.[210,1358,195,1805]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 7. Psammoleptastacus arenaridus Pennak, 1942a (♂). A, antennule, ventral view. B, P1, anterior view. C, P2 endopod, anterior view. D, P3 endopod, anterior view. E, P4 endopod, anterior view." pageId="14" pageNumber="423">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
): coxa without ornamentation. Basis: with spinular row near bases of endopod and exopod; anterior surface with inner naked seta. Exopod: three-segmented; about 1.3 times the length of endopod; all segments with spinules along outer margin; exp-1 longest, with long unipinnate outer spine; exp-2 without outer element; exp-3 with two unipinnate spines and two geniculate setae of different lengths. Endopod: two-segmented, not prehensile; enp-1 slightly longer than exp-1, with a serrate seta at about halfway along the length of the inner margin, and with two subdistal spinules along outer margin; enp-2 about half the size of enp-1, with two geniculate setae and a few spinules.
</paragraph>
<caption id="D8ADCB84C366966D5589BC0BC230F8F1" pageId="15" pageNumber="424" startId="15.[164,243,1840,1859]" targetBox="[244,1363,196,1809]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="8C6D9B0CC366966D5589BC0BC230F8F1" blockId="15.[164,1442,1839,1889]" pageId="15" pageNumber="424">
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC366966D5589BC0BC63FF8D3" bold="true" box="[164,268,1840,1859]" pageId="15" pageNumber="424">Figure 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4BD2E08FC366966D5434BC0BC43CF8D3" authority="Pennak, 1942 a" authorityName="Pennak" authorityYear="1942" box="[281,783,1840,1859]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Psammoleptastacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="15" pageNumber="424" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaridus">
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC366966D5434BC0BC557F8D3" box="[281,612,1840,1859]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="424">Psammoleptastacus arenaridus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC366966D5742BC0BC43CF8D3" author="Pennak RW" box="[623,783,1840,1859]" pageId="15" pageNumber="424" pagination="274 - 285" refId="ref25885" refString="Pennak RW. 1942 a. Harpacticoid copepods from some intertidal beaches near Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 61: 274 - 285." type="journal article" year="1942">Pennak, 1942a</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(♂). A, urosome, ventral view. B, P5 and P6, ventral view. C, posterior portion of penultimate somite, anal somite, and caudal rami, dorsolateral view. D, rostrum.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="D8ADCB84C379967255BDBC11C325F8CB" pageId="16" pageNumber="425" startId="16.[144,223,1834,1853]" targetBox="[211,1357,196,1800]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="8C6D9B0CC379967255BDBC11C325F8CB" blockId="16.[144,1421,1834,1883]" pageId="16" pageNumber="425">
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC379967255BDBC11C7CBF8AE" bold="true" box="[144,248,1834,1854]" pageId="16" pageNumber="425">Figure 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4BD2E08FC37996725429BC10C5CAF8AE" authority="Pennak, 1942 a" authorityName="Pennak" authorityYear="1942" box="[260,761,1835,1854]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Psammoleptastacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="425" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaridus">
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC37996725429BC10C57CF8AE" box="[260,591,1835,1854]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="425">Psammoleptastacus arenaridus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC37996725777BC10C5CAF8AE" author="Pennak RW" box="[602,761,1835,1854]" pageId="16" pageNumber="425" pagination="274 - 285" refId="ref25885" refString="Pennak RW. 1942 a. Harpacticoid copepods from some intertidal beaches near Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 61: 274 - 285." type="journal article" year="1942">Pennak, 1942a</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(♂). A, antennule, ventral view. B, P1, anterior view. C, P2 endopod, anterior view. D, P3 endopod, anterior view. E, P4 endopod, anterior view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8C6D9B0CC37896735591BA38C5CEFE03" blockId="17.[164,779,198,985]" pageId="17" pageNumber="426">
P2 endopod (
<figureCitation id="14E98789C37896735471BA38C682FE89" box="[348,433,259,281]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="16.[144,223,1834,1853]" captionTargetBox="[211,1357,196,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-0@16.[210,1358,195,1805]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 7. Psammoleptastacus arenaridus Pennak, 1942a (♂). A, antennule, ventral view. B, P1, anterior view. C, P2 endopod, anterior view. D, P3 endopod, anterior view. E, P4 endopod, anterior view." pageId="17" pageNumber="426">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
): two-segmented; enp-1 with few spinules along outer margin; enp-2 short, with a long, apically serrate, backwardly directed seta near proximal inner corner, and a long bipinnate inner seta and a short bare outer spine around distal margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C6D9B0CC37896735591BAA7C5FAFDFA" blockId="17.[164,779,198,985]" pageId="17" pageNumber="426">
P3 endopod (
<figureCitation id="14E98789C37896735476BAA7C681FE22" box="[347,434,412,434]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="16.[144,223,1834,1853]" captionTargetBox="[211,1357,196,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-0@16.[210,1358,195,1805]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 7. Psammoleptastacus arenaridus Pennak, 1942a (♂). A, antennule, ventral view. B, P1, anterior view. C, P2 endopod, anterior view. D, P3 endopod, anterior view. E, P4 endopod, anterior view." pageId="17" pageNumber="426">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
): two-segmented; enp-1 with few strong spinules along outer margin; enp-2 minute, with strong spinule at outer distal corner, short thin seta arising from inner distal corner (homologous with long inner distal seta of female), and naked curved apical spine, fused at base (homologous with outer distal spine of female).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C6D9B0CC37896735591B949C6DBFD73" blockId="17.[164,779,198,985]" pageId="17" pageNumber="426">
P4 endopod (
<figureCitation id="14E98789C37896735471B949C682FD18" box="[348,433,626,648]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="16.[144,223,1834,1853]" captionTargetBox="[211,1357,196,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-0@16.[210,1358,195,1805]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 7. Psammoleptastacus arenaridus Pennak, 1942a (♂). A, antennule, ventral view. B, P1, anterior view. C, P2 endopod, anterior view. D, P3 endopod, anterior view. E, P4 endopod, anterior view." pageId="17" pageNumber="426">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
): two-segmented; enp-1 with five strong spinules along outer margin; distal margin of enp-2 with long, basally fused, serrate seta and long, unipinnate outer seta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C6D9B0CC37896735591B9D6C5C7FC92" blockId="17.[164,779,198,985]" box="[188,756,749,771]" pageId="17" pageNumber="426">P2P4: spine and seta formula as for the genus.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C6D9B0CC37896735591B830C5DFFCEC" blockId="17.[164,779,198,985]" pageId="17" pageNumber="426">
P5 (
<figureCitation id="14E98789C378967355DDB830C676FCB1" box="[240,325,779,801]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[164,243,1840,1859]" captionTargetBox="[244,1363,196,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-0@15.[242,1364,194,1810]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. Psammoleptastacus arenaridus Pennak, 1942a (♂). A, urosome, ventral view. B, P5 and P6, ventral view. C, posterior portion of penultimate somite, anal somite, and caudal rami, dorsolateral view. D, rostrum." pageId="17" pageNumber="426">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
): forming subrectangular plate; outer basal seta sparsely plumose. Free distal margin: with three short bipinnate spines and one long bipinnate outer seta; inner spine longer than the other two.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C6D9B0CC37896735591B8BDC565FC48" blockId="17.[164,779,198,985]" pageId="17" pageNumber="426">
Sixth legs (
<figureCitation id="14E98789C37896735416B8BDC6A3FC0C" box="[315,400,902,924]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[164,243,1840,1859]" captionTargetBox="[244,1363,196,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-0@15.[242,1364,194,1810]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. Psammoleptastacus arenaridus Pennak, 1942a (♂). A, urosome, ventral view. B, P5 and P6, ventral view. C, posterior portion of penultimate somite, anal somite, and caudal rami, dorsolateral view. D, rostrum." pageId="17" pageNumber="426">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
): asymmetrical, with smallest P6 closing off functional gonopore; each with a short inner and a long plumose outer seta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C6D9B0CC37896735589BF3BC2A2FE89" blockId="17.[164,779,1024,1903]" lastBlockId="17.[826,1441,198,281]" pageId="17" pageNumber="426">
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC37896735589BF3BC63CFB85" box="[164,271,1024,1045]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="426">Remarks:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC37896735431BF3BC6D0FB86" author="Pennak RW" box="[284,483,1024,1046]" pageId="17" pageNumber="426" pagination="274 - 285" refId="ref25885" refString="Pennak RW. 1942 a. Harpacticoid copepods from some intertidal beaches near Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 61: 274 - 285." type="journal article" year="1942">Pennaks (1942a)</bibRefCitation>
illustrations of the male are restricted to the antennule, and no reference was made to the sexual dimorphism on the P3 endopod. His erroneous description of the caudal ramus, showing a basally swollen seta
<collectionCode id="EAC303C9C3789673570FBF40C507FB00" box="[546,564,1147,1168]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="17" pageNumber="426" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
and a triangular process at the distal outer corner, has no doubt been a source of confusion for subsequent identifications. Re-examination of a male
<typeStatus id="536925AEC378967354FCBFECC504FB7C" box="[465,567,1239,1260]" pageId="17" pageNumber="426" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
proved: (1) caudal ramus seta
<collectionCode id="EAC303C9C37896735400BFCEC60CFA9A" box="[301,319,1269,1290]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="17" pageNumber="426" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
to be normally developed, and the terminal spinous process to be much longer and more sharply pointed; and (2) P1 endopod to be markedly shorter than the exopod. Both aspects contradict
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC378967357FABE6AC60CFA15" author="Pennak RW" pageId="17" pageNumber="426" pagination="274 - 285" refId="ref25885" refString="Pennak RW. 1942 a. Harpacticoid copepods from some intertidal beaches near Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 61: 274 - 285." type="journal article" year="1942">Pennaks (1942a)</bibRefCitation>
description, but agree with
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC378967357BCBE54C7D8FA34" author="Lindgren EW" pageId="17" pageNumber="426" pagination="229 - 240" refId="ref25309" refString="Lindgren EW. 1976. Five species of Arenopontia (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) from a North Carolina beach, U. S. A. Crustaceana 30: 229 - 240." type="journal article" year="1976">Lindgrens (1976)</bibRefCitation>
observations based on
<collectingRegion id="4E1655EEC37896735727BEB5C58EFA34" box="[522,701,1422,1444]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="17" pageNumber="426">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
specimens. Lindgren also found that the proximal third of seta
<collectionCode id="EAC303C9C378967355F7BEF0C7DFFA70" box="[218,236,1483,1504]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="17" pageNumber="426" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
was modified in approximately 60% of the population; individuals with unmodified setae were provisionally identified as
<taxonomicName id="4BD2E08FC3789673572EBD33C556F98E" authorityName="Noodt (1955 b) sensu Coull" authorityYear="1971" box="[515,613,1544,1566]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Arenopontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="426" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stygia">
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC3789673572EBD33C556F98E" box="[515,613,1544,1566]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="426">A. stygia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Given this intraspecific variability, in conjunction with both populations having the same distribution within the beach, we attribute all
<collectingRegion id="4E1655EEC378967354E0BD5FC5B7F9EA" box="[461,644,1636,1658]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="17" pageNumber="426">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
records of
<taxonomicName id="4BD2E08FC37896735589BDB8C635F908" authorityName="Noodt (1955 b) sensu Coull" authorityYear="1971" box="[164,262,1667,1688]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Arenopontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="426" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stygia">
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC37896735589BDB8C635F908" box="[164,262,1667,1688]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="426">A. stygia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="4BD2E08FC3789673541BBDB8C6FDF908" authorityName="Pennak" authorityYear="1942" box="[310,462,1667,1688]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Psammoleptastacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="426" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaridus">
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC3789673541BBDB8C6FDF908" box="[310,462,1667,1688]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="426">P. arenaridus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. These include
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC378967357BCBDB8C7D8F927" author="Lindgren EW" pageId="17" pageNumber="426" pagination="229 - 240" refId="ref25309" refString="Lindgren EW. 1976. Five species of Arenopontia (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) from a North Carolina beach, U. S. A. Crustaceana 30: 229 - 240." type="journal article" year="1976">Lindgrens (1976)</bibRefCitation>
intertidal record from west of the Iron Steamer Pier near Morehead City, and, although provisionally,
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC37896735589BDE5C673F964" author="Coull BC" box="[164,320,1758,1780]" pageId="17" pageNumber="426" pagination="195 - 237" refId="ref24623" refString="Coull BC. 1971. Meiobenthic Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) from the North Carolina continental shelf. Cahiers de Biologie marine 12: 195 - 237." type="journal article" year="1971">Coulls (1971)</bibRefCitation>
subtidal record north of Cape Hatteras (at a depth of
<quantity id="4B2A36E9C3789673546EBDC6C6BDF883" box="[323,398,1789,1811]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="426" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
!).
<taxonomicName id="4BD2E08FC3789673548BBDC6C439F882" authorityName="Pennak" authorityYear="1942" box="[422,778,1789,1810]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Arenopontiidae" genus="Psammoleptastacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="426" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arenaridus">
<emphasis id="BEA6471EC3789673548BBDC6C439F882" box="[422,778,1789,1810]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="426">Psammoleptastacus arenaridus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to be restricted to the north-eastern Atlantic seaboard of the
<collectingCountry id="F4C5DB9CC37896735475BC01C6A3F8DF" box="[344,400,1850,1871]" name="United States of America" pageId="17" pageNumber="426">USA</collectingCountry>
, from the Woods Hole area in the north (
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC378967355D9BC62C691F8FE" author="Pennak RW" box="[244,418,1881,1903]" pageId="17" pageNumber="426" pagination="274 - 285" refId="ref25885" refString="Pennak RW. 1942 a. Harpacticoid copepods from some intertidal beaches near Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 61: 274 - 285." type="journal article" year="1942">Pennak, 1942a</bibRefCitation>
, b, 1952;
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC37896735739BC62C5F0F8FF" author="Lindgren EW" box="[532,707,1881,1903]" pageId="17" pageNumber="426" pagination="229 - 240" refId="ref25309" refString="Lindgren EW. 1976. Five species of Arenopontia (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) from a North Carolina beach, U. S. A. Crustaceana 30: 229 - 240." type="journal article" year="1976">Lindgren, 1976</bibRefCitation>
) to at least North Inlet,
<collectingRegion id="4E1655EEC37896735134BBFDC3FFFF4C" box="[1049,1228,198,220]" country="United States of America" name="South Carolina" pageId="17" pageNumber="426">South Carolina</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC378967351CDBBFDC442FF6A" author="Coull BC &amp; Dudley BW" pageId="17" pageNumber="426" pagination="219 - 229" refId="ref24684" refString="Coull BC, Dudley BW. 1985. Dynamics of meiobenthic copepod populations: a long term study (1973 - 1983). Marine Ecology Progress Series 24: 219 - 229." type="book chapter" year="1985">Coull &amp; Dudley, 1985</bibRefCitation>
) in the south.
<bibRefCitation id="E843E6FDC3789673510CBBDFC3E5FF6A" author="Pennak RW" box="[1057,1238,228,250]" pageId="17" pageNumber="426" pagination="446 - 456" refId="ref25915" refString="Pennak RW. 1942 b. Ecology of some copepods inhabiting intertidal beaches near Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Ecology, Brooklyn 23: 446 - 456." type="journal article" year="1942">Pennak (1942b)</bibRefCitation>
provides data on the horizontal distribution and relative abundance.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>