524 lines
70 KiB
XML
524 lines
70 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="90A28EF5F61943304943D46938B65056">A revision of Ichneumonopsis Hardy, 1973 (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Gastrozonini), Oriental bamboo-shoot fruit flies</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B76C0F894794971FC871C35A5F7AFA84">Freidberg, Amnon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FB83C5281BDBD1C26CC4AC07D6D83E1B">The Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Israel National Center for Biodiversity Studies, Department of Zoology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel. & Email: afdipter @ post. tau. ac. il & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 7687 F 3 A 8 - 39 F 4 - 44 A 8 - 8 C 66 - 1 E 4 A 5 B 372 A 9 E</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E82D3DED7365F5A4B864DB45D3D278A3">Kovac, Damir</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FC3111662D605AB497A106E2C5D025EC">Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, Senckenberganlage 25, D- 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 8621 C 8 FD- 0 A 44 - 423 E- 8 B 74 - A 314 B 473 F 456 & Corresponding author: damir. kovac @ senckenberg. de</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CF7FE81591591C8595E308E2CC5BD499">Shiao, Shiuh-Feng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="80072B480DEA1798AEB808DDC2312C1C">Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University 27, Lane 113, Roosevelt Rd. Sec. 4, Taipei, Taiwan, 106. & Email: sfshiao @ ntu. edu. tw & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: E 885 C 52 C- 5401 - 496 E- 96 DE-DE 12 B 2 B 7 B 8 AE</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="7F9D041AE21BE50859F1D36EC5A38EA9">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<treatment id="821687F9FFB46747FD818344AB784FC2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3846683" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164151070" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3846683" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:821687F9FFB46747FD818344AB784FC2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/821687F9FFB46747FD818344AB784FC2" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="51488183FFB46743FD818344ADFC4872" box="[576,1011,796,823]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="2">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB46743FD528344ADFC4872" ID-CoL="53CW" authority="Hardy, 1973" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1973" box="[659,1011,796,823]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB46743FD528344AD544873" bold="true" box="[659,859,796,823]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ichneumonopsis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="6E2E4B1EFFB46743FCA38344ADFC4872" author="Hardy D. E." box="[866,1011,796,822]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refId="ref9877" refString="Hardy D. E. 1973. The Fruit Flies (Tephritidae - Diptera) of Thailand and Bordering Countries. Pacific Insects Monographs 31, Bishop Museum, Honolulu." type="book" year="1973">Hardy, 1973</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="42A56564FFB46743FF7C8307AC66483E" box="[189,617,863,890]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB46743FF7C8307AC66483E" blockId="2.[189,1399,863,927]" box="[189,617,863,890]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<treatmentCitation id="8B1E10FEFFB46743FF7C8307AC6B483E" author="Hardy D. E." box="[189,612,863,890]" page="132" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1973">
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<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB46743FF7C8307AC6B483E" ID-CoL="53CW" authority="Hardy, 1973: 132" authorityName="Hardy" authorityPageNumber="132" authorityYear="1973" box="[189,612,863,890]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB46743FF7C8307AF73483D" box="[189,380,863,889]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ichneumonopsis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="6E2E4B1EFFB46743FE488307AC6B483E" author="Hardy D. E." box="[393,612,863,890]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refId="ref9877" refString="Hardy D. E. 1973. The Fruit Flies (Tephritidae - Diptera) of Thailand and Bordering Countries. Pacific Insects Monographs 31, Bishop Museum, Honolulu." type="book" year="1973">Hardy, 1973: 132</bibRefCitation>
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;
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</paragraph>
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<typeStatus id="D504884DFFB46743FDB78338ACA6483E" box="[630,681,864,890]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">type</typeStatus>
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species
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<treatmentCitation id="8B1E10FEFFB46743FCD98307AB4D483E" author="Hardy D. E." box="[792,1346,863,890]" page="133" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1973">
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<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB46743FCD98307AB4D483E" ID-CoL="6MS9P" authority="Hardy, 1973: 133" authorityName="Hardy" authorityPageNumber="133" authorityYear="1973" box="[792,1346,863,890]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burmensis">
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<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB46743FCD98307AA52483D" box="[792,1117,863,889]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ichneumonopsis burmensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="6E2E4B1EFFB46743FBAB8307AB4D483E" author="Hardy D. E." box="[1130,1346,863,890]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refId="ref9877" refString="Hardy D. E. 1973. The Fruit Flies (Tephritidae - Diptera) of Thailand and Bordering Countries. Pacific Insects Monographs 31, Bishop Museum, Honolulu." type="book" year="1973">Hardy, 1973: 133</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(by original designation and monotypy).
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="42A56564FFB46743FF7C8390AA0B4F16" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="reference_group">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="2AAF11C1FFB46743FF7C8390AA0B4F16" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB46743FF7C8390AF7348A6" ID-CoL="53CW" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1973" box="[189,380,968,994]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB46743FF7C8390AF7348A6" box="[189,380,968,994]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ichneumonopsis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8B1E10FEFFB46743FE628390AC6748A7" author="Hardy D. E." box="[419,616,968,995]" page="54" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1986">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="6E2E4B1EFFB46743FE628390AC6748A7" author="Hardy D. E." box="[419,616,968,995]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="53 - 78" refId="ref9908" refString="Hardy D. E. 1986. The Adramini of Indonesia, New Guinea and adjacent islands (Diptera: Tephritidae: Trypetinae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 27: 53 - 78." type="journal article" year="1986">Hardy 1986: 54</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, 56 (key to
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<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB46743FCC58390AD7B48A6" ID-CoL="89P5S" box="[772,884,968,994]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Adramini">Adramini</taxonomicName>
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genera). —
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||
<treatmentCitation id="8B1E10FEFFB46743FBD78391AB7948A6" author="Drew R. A. I. & Hancock D. L." box="[1046,1398,968,995]" page="829" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1994">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="6E2E4B1EFFB46743FBD78391AB7948A6" author="Drew R. A. I. & Hancock D. L." box="[1046,1398,968,995]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="829 - 838" refId="ref9656" refString="Drew R. A. I. & Hancock D. L. 1994. Revision of the tropical fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae) of south-east Asia. I. Ichneumonopsis Hardy and Monacrostichus Bezzi. Invertebrate Taxonomy 8: 829 - 838." type="journal article" year="1994">Drew & Hancock 1994: 829</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(redescription). —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8B1E10FEFFB46743FE6183B6ACD64F43" author="Drew R. A. I. & Romig M. C." box="[416,729,1005,1032]" page="403" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="2013">
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<bibRefCitation id="6E2E4B1EFFB46743FE6183B6ACD64F43" author="Drew R. A. I. & Romig M. C." box="[416,729,1005,1032]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refId="ref9704" refString="Drew R. A. I. & Romig M. C. 2013. Tropical Fruit Flies (Tephritidae: Dacinae) of South-East Asia: Indomalaya to North-West Australasia. CABI, Wallingford and Boston." type="book" year="2013">Drew & Romig 2013: 403</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(South-East Asian fruit flies). —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8B1E10FEFFB46743FBAD83B5AEE34F68" author="Norrbom A. L. & Carroll L. E. & Thompson F. C. & White I. M. & Freidberg A." page="161" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="1999">
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<bibRefCitation id="6E2E4B1EFFB46743FBAD83B5AEE34F68" author="Norrbom A. L. & Carroll L. E. & Thompson F. C. & White I. M. & Freidberg A." pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="65 - 251" refId="ref10238" refString="Norrbom A. L., Carroll L. E., Thompson F. C., White I. M. & Freidberg A. 1999 b. Systematic database of names. In: Thompson F. C. (ed.) Fruit Fly Expert Identification System and Systematic Information Database: 65 - 251. Myia 9, Backhuys, Leiden, and Diptera Data Dissemination Disk (CD-ROM)." type="journal article" year="1999">
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||
Norrbom
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB46743FB2183B6AB1A4F43" box="[1248,1301,1005,1031]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1999b: 161
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8B1E10FEFFB46743FEDB844AAC4A4F69" author="Radhakrishnan C." box="[282,581,1042,1069]" page="203" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="2000">
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<bibRefCitation id="6E2E4B1EFFB46743FEDB844AAC4A4F69" author="Radhakrishnan C." box="[282,581,1042,1069]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="203 - 204" refId="ref10357" refString="Radhakrishnan C. 2000. Ichneumonopsis burmensis Hardy (Tephritidae: Diptera: Insecta), a new record from India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India 98 (1): 203 - 204." type="journal article" year="2000">Radhakrishnan 2000: 203</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(first record for
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72A8767FFFB46743FCC2844AAD4B4F69" box="[771,836,1042,1069]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">India</collectingCountry>
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). —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8B1E10FEFFB46743FCBB844BAA8E4F69" author="Kovac D. & Dohm P. & Freidberg A. & Norrbom A. L." box="[890,1153,1042,1069]" page="170" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="2006">
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<bibRefCitation id="6E2E4B1EFFB46743FCBB844BAA8E4F69" author="Kovac D. & Dohm P. & Freidberg A. & Norrbom A. L." box="[890,1153,1042,1069]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="163 - 196" refId="ref9991" refString="Kovac D., Dohm P., Freidberg A. & Norrbom A. L. 2006. Catalog and revised classification of the Gastrozonini (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae). In: Freidberg A. (ed.) Biotaxonomy of Tephritoidea. Israel Journal of Entomology 35 - 36: 163 - 196." type="journal article" year="2006">
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Kovac
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB46743FC0C844BADF04F69" box="[973,1023,1043,1069]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2006: 170
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(key to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB46743FB1E844AAB784F68" authorityName="Hering" authorityYear="1947" box="[1247,1399,1042,1068]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Gastrozonini">Gastrozonini</taxonomicName>
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||
genera), 184. —
|
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<treatmentCitation id="8B1E10FEFFB46743FE428460AC804F16" author="Kovac D. & Freidberg A. & Steck G." box="[387,655,1080,1106]" page="201" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" year="2013">
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<bibRefCitation id="6E2E4B1EFFB46743FE428460AC804F16" author="Kovac D. & Freidberg A. & Steck G." box="[387,655,1080,1106]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="117 - 132" refId="ref10050" refString="Kovac D., Freidberg A. & Steck G. 2013. Biology and description of the third instar larva and puparium of Ichneumonopsis burmensis Hardy (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Gastrozonini), a bamboo-breeding fruit fly from the Oriental region. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 117 - 132." type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Kovac
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB46743FE168461AC054F16" box="[471,522,1080,1106]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013: 201
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(biology and immature stages).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="42A56564FFB46743FF7C8423AFEF4CAF" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB46743FF7C8423AF394FD1" blockId="2.[189,310,1147,1173]" box="[189,310,1147,1173]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<heading id="51488183FFB46743FF7C8423AF394FD1" bold="true" box="[189,310,1147,1173]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB46743FF7C8423AF394FD1" bold="true" box="[189,310,1147,1173]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB46743FF7C84F4AB7E4EC4" blockId="2.[189,1399,1196,1414]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
Species of this genus are large, slender and somewhat atypical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB46743FC0884F4AA6E4F82" authorityName="Hering" authorityYear="1947" box="[969,1121,1196,1222]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Gastrozonini">Gastrozonini</taxonomicName>
|
||
that cannot be readily associated with any of the other included genera due to some apomorphic characters that obscure their true relationships. The three included species bear some superficial resemblance to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB46743FB4684AFAF724E72" authority="Enderlein, 1911" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1911" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Enicoptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigantea">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB46743FB4684AFAB784E54" box="[1159,1399,1271,1296]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Enicoptera gigantea</emphasis>
|
||
Enderlein, 1911
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is even larger, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB46743FD078544AA1E4E72" authority="Macquart, 1848" authorityName="Macquart" authorityYear="1848" box="[710,1041,1308,1334]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Enicoptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB46743FD078544AD474E71" box="[710,840,1308,1333]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Enicoptera</emphasis>
|
||
Macquart, 1848
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
clearly differs from all other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB46743FF7C8519AF5A4E1F" authorityName="Hering" authorityYear="1947" box="[189,341,1345,1371]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Gastrozonini">Gastrozonini</taxonomicName>
|
||
genera, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB46743FDF98519ACF84E1F" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1973" box="[568,759,1345,1371]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB46743FDF98519ACF84E1F" box="[568,759,1345,1371]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ichneumonopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in the peculiar and unique wing venation, e.g., it is characterized by veins R
|
||
<subScript id="963B34AAFFB46743FE1F8520AFE84EC2" attach="left" box="[478,487,1400,1414]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">1</subScript>
|
||
and R
|
||
<subScript id="963B34AAFFB46743FDF28520AC414EC2" attach="left" box="[563,590,1400,1414]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2+3</subScript>
|
||
joining each other for a short distance just before meeting the costa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB46743FF7C85F1AD4B4D1C" blockId="2.[189,1399,1449,1625]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
Having several conspicuous autapomorphies,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB46743FD2185F1AD904E87" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1973" box="[736,927,1449,1475]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB46743FD2185F1AD904E87" box="[736,927,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ichneumonopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is so distinctive that in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E2E4B1EFFB46743FB0285F1AEEB4EAD" author="Hardy D. E." pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refId="ref9877" refString="Hardy D. E. 1973. The Fruit Flies (Tephritidae - Diptera) of Thailand and Bordering Countries. Pacific Insects Monographs 31, Bishop Museum, Honolulu." type="book" year="1973">Hardy’s (1973: 76)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
key to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB46743FEFC8596AFB44EAC" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1861" box="[317,443,1486,1512]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Trypetinae">Trypetinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
genera (including 50 genera), it keys out in just four steps (couplets 1, 2, 46 and 47). The original description itself is rather brief, dealing almost entirely with key characters that have weak relevance here since they refer to adramine genera. In any case,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E2E4B1EFFB46743FC3A8641AAE54D77" author="Hardy D. E." box="[1019,1258,1561,1587]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refId="ref9877" refString="Hardy D. E. 1973. The Fruit Flies (Tephritidae - Diptera) of Thailand and Bordering Countries. Pacific Insects Monographs 31, Bishop Museum, Honolulu." type="book" year="1973">Hardy’s (1973: 132)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
assignment of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB46743FF1C8666AF934D1C" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1973" box="[221,412,1598,1624]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB46743FF1C8666AF934D1C" box="[221,412,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ichneumonopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB46743FE2B8666AC554D1C" box="[490,602,1598,1624]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Adramini">Adramini</taxonomicName>
|
||
is clearly incorrect.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB46743FF7C86DAAFEF4CAF" blockId="2.[189,1399,1666,2027]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E2E4B1EFFB46743FF7C86DAAFD34DD8" author="Kovac D. & Dohm P. & Freidberg A. & Norrbom A. L." box="[189,476,1666,1692]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="163 - 196" refId="ref9991" refString="Kovac D., Dohm P., Freidberg A. & Norrbom A. L. 2006. Catalog and revised classification of the Gastrozonini (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae). In: Freidberg A. (ed.) Biotaxonomy of Tephritoidea. Israel Journal of Entomology 35 - 36: 163 - 196." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Kovac
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB46743FED086DBAF4B4DD8" box="[273,324,1666,1692]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2006: 170)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
included
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB46743FD9186DAAD004DD8" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1973" box="[592,783,1666,1692]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB46743FD9186DAAD004DD8" box="[592,783,1666,1692]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ichneumonopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in their key to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB46743FC0186DAAA544DD8" authorityName="Hering" authorityYear="1947" box="[960,1115,1666,1692]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Gastrozonini">Gastrozonini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which treats 27 genera, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB46743FF2B86FFAFA64D85" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1973" box="[234,425,1703,1729]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB46743FF2B86FFAFA64D85" box="[234,425,1703,1729]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ichneumonopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
keyed out in couplet 1. The characters used in this key, although based only on the
|
||
<typeStatus id="D504884DFFB46743FF7C8695AEFF4DA3" box="[189,240,1741,1767]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species, can be viewed as the minimum information for a diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB46743FBF88694AAF74DA2" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1973" box="[1081,1272,1740,1766]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB46743FBF88694AAF74DA2" box="[1081,1272,1740,1766]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ichneumonopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB46743FF7C86A9AF574C4F" authorityName="Hering" authorityYear="1947" box="[189,344,1777,1803]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Gastrozonini">Gastrozonini</taxonomicName>
|
||
. They are: “Extremely wasp-like species, with petiolate abdomen, spinose forefemur and dimidiate wing pattern; chaetotaxy reduced: one (but updated to
|
||
<quantity id="CD479B0AFFB46743FC6D874FADF94C74" box="[940,1014,1814,1841]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" metricValueMax="5.08" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="in" value="1.0" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.0">0–2 in</quantity>
|
||
the Redescription below) setulalike frontal seta, one small orbital seta and one scutellar seta present; ocellar, dorsocentral, acrostichal, intra-alar, postpronotal and pleural setae, except one anepisternal seta, lacking.” The following generic description, based on the
|
||
<typeStatus id="D504884DFFB46743FE2887DFAC134CE5" box="[489,540,1927,1953]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species plus the two newly described species, incorporates all characters available from the literature plus additional characters that we think are useful in separating this genus from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB46743FE808789AFD34CAF" authorityName="Hering" authorityYear="1947" box="[321,476,2001,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Gastrozonini">Gastrozonini</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="42A56564FFB56744FF7C8153AAAC4F54" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB56742FF7C8153AF644A61" blockId="3.[189,363,267,293]" box="[189,363,267,293]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<heading id="51488183FFB56742FF7C8153AF644A61" bold="true" box="[189,363,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB56742FF7C8153AF644A61" bold="true" box="[189,363,267,293]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Redescription</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB56742FF7C8163AD874975" blockId="3.[189,1399,315,561]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Extremely ichneumonid-like species, with elongate body and antennae, petiolate abdomen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="92842A6AFFB56742FB238163AB664A11" box="[1250,1385,315,341]" captionStart="Figs 20–21" captionStartId="13.[189,241,2000,2026]" captionTargetBox="[469,1136,616,1940]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[440,1147,616,1957]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figs 20–21. Ichneumonopsis burmensis Hardy, 1973, abdomen, dorsal view. 20. ♂. 21. ♀." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827433" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827433/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 20–21</figureCitation>
|
||
), contrasting dark (brown or black) and yellow or white markings on all body parts, and usually dimidiate wing pattern (anterior 0.4 of wing yellow, remaining part hyaline (
|
||
<figureCitation id="92842A6AFFB56742FC1581DCAA224ADA" box="[980,1069,388,414]" captionStart="Figs 18–19" captionStartId="12.[189,241,2001,2027]" captionTargetBox="[483,1102,1398,1946]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[483,1104,1398,1955]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figs 18–19. Ichneumonopsis spp., wing. 18. I. burmensis Hardy, 1973. 19. I. taiwanensis sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827431" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827431/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
), although in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB56742FB1381DDAB784ADA" authority="Freidberg & Kovac & Shiao, 2017" authorityName="Freidberg & Kovac & Shiao" authorityYear="2017" box="[1234,1399,389,414]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB56742FB1381DDAB784ADA" box="[1234,1399,389,414]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">I. taiwanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="23F85786FFB56742FF7C81F1AF154A87" box="[189,282,425,451]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="92842A6AFFB56742FEED81F1AF8B4A87" box="[300,388,425,451]" captionStart="Figs 18–19" captionStartId="12.[189,241,2001,2027]" captionTargetBox="[483,1102,1398,1946]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[483,1104,1398,1955]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figs 18–19. Ichneumonopsis spp., wing. 18. I. burmensis Hardy, 1973. 19. I. taiwanensis sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827431" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827431/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
) there are additional dark areas on posterior half of wing); sexes not conspicuously dimorphic. Chaetotaxy reduced, with many major setae lacking or small, setula-like; one pair of (apical) scutellar setae present; entire body with pale (mostly yellow, sometimes brown or blackish) setulae not strongly contrasted with background. Microtrichia indistinct.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB56742FF2B8202AFA14931" blockId="3.[189,1399,602,848]" box="[234,430,602,629]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB56742FF2B8202AF224930" bold="true" box="[234,301,602,628]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Head</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="92842A6AFFB56742FEFC8202AFA94931" box="[317,422,602,629]" captionStart="Figs 5–6" captionStartId="8.[189,241,1997,2023]" captionTargetBox="[189,1393,1219,1949]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[189,1398,1219,1951]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs 5–6. I. hancocki sp. nov., head, anterior view. 5. ♂. 6. ♀." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827423" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827423/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 5–6</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB56742FF7C8227AFA74814" blockId="3.[189,1399,602,848]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
STRUCTURE. Distinctly higher than long, with high and transversely convex face and narrow and shallow antennal fovea (groove), frons sloping, frontofacial angle about 100
|
||
<superScript id="FDCA9BA7FFB56742FC1B82FAADE449F9" attach="none" box="[986,1003,674,701]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">o-</superScript>
|
||
120
|
||
<superScript id="FDCA9BA7FFB56742FBD882FAAA2D49F4" attach="none" box="[1049,1058,674,688]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">o</superScript>
|
||
; gena high, about 0.33 times as high as eye; occiput rather flat dorsally, swollen ventrally; antenna longer than face, with all three segments at least somewhat elongate, including scape which is distinctly porrect, with1
|
||
<superScript id="FDCA9BA7FFB56742FB0E82B3AAD549BD" attach="left" box="[1231,1242,747,761]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">st</superScript>
|
||
flagellomere about 4–5 times as long as high, rounded apically; arista short plumose, plumosity about as wide as 1
|
||
<superScript id="FDCA9BA7FFB56742FAAA8348AB79485A" attach="none" box="[1387,1398,784,798]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">st</superScript>
|
||
flagellomere height.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB56742FF7C8321AD134F0E" blockId="3.[189,1399,889,1098]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">COLOURATION. Primarily yellow, with black or blackish parts as follows: orbital plate, ocellar triangle, both sometimes united, irregular spot on anterior part of frons, genal spot, small spot laterally on face at mid-height, small spot around and ventral to base of lateral vertical seta, and long vertical spot extending over most of ventral part of occiput to genal margin, latter sometimes indistinct. In addition, face almost entirely black or with elaborate pattern of numerous small spots; these spots variable in number and expression, often asymmetrical, sometimes lacking.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB56742FF7C842CAD924E01" blockId="3.[189,1399,1139,1349]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">CHAETOTAXY AND VESTITURE. Frontal setae 0–2, if present then small (anterior frontal) or setula-like, barely distinguishable from adjacent setulae; anterior orbital seta small but distinct; posterior orbital seta present or lacking, if present, then small, setula-like and barely distinguishable from adjacent setulae; medial and lateral vertical setae present; ocellar seta lacking; postocellar seta indistinguishable from adjacent setulae; genal seta present; postocular setae tiny, inconspicuous. Setulae mostly fine and rather sparse, more spine-like and blackish around occipital foramen.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB56742FF2B8536AFC74ECC" blockId="3.[189,1398,1390,1490]" box="[234,456,1390,1416]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB56742FF2B8536AF484ECC" bold="true" box="[234,327,1390,1416]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="92842A6AFFB56742FE968536AFB04ECC" box="[343,447,1390,1416]" captionStart="Figs 7–9" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1964,1990]" captionTargetBox="[249,1302,268,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[239,1343,266,1923]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 7–9. Ichneumonopsis spp., head and thorax, dorsal view. 7. I. burmensis Hardy, 1973. 8. I. hancocki sp. nov. 9. I. taiwanensis sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827425" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827425/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 7–9</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB56742FF7C85CBAB4D4E96" blockId="3.[189,1398,1390,1490]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">STRUCTURE. Scutum narrow, length to width ratio 1.33–1.40; scutellum small, about 0.22–0.27 times as long as scutum (n = 7 for both ratios); clear overlap between the three species, moderately convex.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB56742FF7C85A2AD584DB4" blockId="3.[189,1399,1530,1777]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
COLOURATION. Mostly yellow, with complex dark (brown to black) pattern. Scutum generally with five longitudinal brown to black vittae, including (single) median, (pair) dorsocentral and (pair) notopleural vittae, the latter vitta not extending along entire scutum, the former two vittae often entire, connected across posterior margin, hence scutum without distinct yellow or white prescutellar markings; postpronotal lobe mostly yellow, sometimes slightly dark (brown to black anteriorly); scutellum entirely yellow; pleural pattern complex; see description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB56742FD1286EAAD664D88" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1973" box="[723,873,1714,1740]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burmensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB56742FD1286EAAD664D88" box="[723,873,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">I. burmensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for details. Subscutellum and mediotergite mostly yellow to brownish, laterally and dorsally brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB56745FF7C8741AF7E4A0E" blockId="3.[189,1399,1817,2027]" lastBlockId="4.[189,1398,267,331]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
CHAETOTAXY AND VESTITURE. Notopleural setae 2, postsutural supra-alar, postalar, anepisternal and one pair (apical) scutellar setae present; scapular, postsutural dorsocentral and katepisternal setae present or absent, scapular setae entirely lacking in the two specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB56742FC50873BAA1D4C39" authority="Freidberg & Kovac & Shiao, 2017" authorityName="Freidberg & Kovac & Shiao" authorityYear="2017" box="[913,1042,1891,1917]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hancocki" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB56742FC50873BAA1D4C39" box="[913,1042,1891,1917]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">I. hancocki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="23F85786FFB56742FBD9873BAA7C4C39" box="[1048,1139,1891,1917]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, but present in the two other species, although median pair lacking in all specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB56742FC7587D0AA564CE5" authority="Freidberg & Kovac & Shiao, 2017" authorityName="Freidberg & Kovac & Shiao" authorityYear="2017" box="[948,1113,1928,1953]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB56742FC7587D0AA564CE5" box="[948,1113,1928,1953]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">I. taiwanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="23F85786FFB56742FBA387D0AAB14CE6" box="[1122,1214,1928,1954]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and sometimes also in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB56742FED087F5AFAD4C82" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1973" box="[273,418,1964,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burmensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB56742FED087F5AFAD4C82" box="[273,418,1964,1990]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">I. burmensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Lateral pair variable in size but usually distinct in the two latter species. Presutural dorsocentral, postpronotal, acrostichal and intra-alar setae lacking, median part of scutum with 10–16, but usually not less than 12 rows of setulae, although in
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB26745FC958154AD694A61" box="[852,870,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">I.</emphasis>
|
||
sp. nov. scutum presuturally appears to have sparser setulae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB26745FF2B812CAFCC4ACA" blockId="4.[189,1399,372,584]" box="[234,451,372,398]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB26745FF2B812CAF2A4ACA" bold="true" box="[234,293,372,398]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="92842A6AFFB26745FEF4812CAFB54ACA" box="[309,442,372,398]" captionStart="Figs 13–17" captionStartId="11.[189,241,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox="[244,1346,265,1884]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[242,1346,265,1890]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs 13–17. Ichneumonopsis spp., legs. 13. I. burmensis Hardy, 1973, foreleg. 14. I. taiwanensis sp. nov., foreleg. 15. I. hancocki sp. nov., foreleg. 16. I. hancocki sp. nov., midleg. 17. I. hancocki sp. nov., hindleg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827429" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827429/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 13–17</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB26745FF7C81C1AC074903" blockId="4.[189,1399,372,584]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
STRUCTURE AND CHAEOTAXY. Elongate, without overt features except spinose femora in both sexes. In two species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB26745FE9881E7AFE34A9C" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1973" box="[345,492,446,472]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burmensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB26745FE9881E7AFE34A9C" box="[345,492,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">I. burmensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB26745FDE981E7ACC24A9C" authority="Freidberg & Kovac & Shiao, 2017" authorityName="Freidberg & Kovac & Shiao" authorityYear="2017" box="[552,717,447,472]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB26745FDE981E7ACC24A9C" box="[552,717,447,472]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">I. taiwanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="23F85786FFB26745FD1481E7AD3C4A9D" box="[725,819,447,473]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
) only forefemur spinose, with single row of 2–5 blackish spines ventrally on distal half, and other femora without any spines or setae, only setulae, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB26745FE878251AFC54966" authority="Freidberg & Kovac & Shiao, 2017" authorityName="Freidberg & Kovac & Shiao" authorityYear="2017" box="[326,458,520,546]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hancocki" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB26745FE878251AFC54966" box="[326,458,520,546]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">I. hancocki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="23F85786FFB26745FE128251AC3F4967" box="[467,560,521,547]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
all femora spinose, in two rows and much more extensively; midtibia with one apicoventral spine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB26745FF7C8229AAD848CA" blockId="4.[189,1399,625,911]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
COLOURATION. Pattern complex and variable, with legs comprising whitish, yellowish, brownish and blackish parts. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB26745FE5982CFAC3049F4" authority="Freidberg & Kovac & Shiao, 2017" authorityName="Freidberg & Kovac & Shiao" authorityYear="2017" box="[408,575,663,688]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB26745FE5982CFAC3049F4" box="[408,575,663,688]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">I. taiwanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="23F85786FFB26745FD8882CEACA849F4" box="[585,679,662,688]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
legs more uniformly yellow probably due to immersion in alcohol. In extremely dark specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB26745FD5B82E4AD244991" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1973" box="[666,811,699,725]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burmensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB26745FD5B82E4AD244991" box="[666,811,699,725]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">I. burmensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
dark pattern is as follows: coxae entirely or partly blackish; trochanters entirely blackish; forefemur with incomplete narrow blackish ring at base and another preapically, both slightly interrupted ventrally; foretibia blackish; foretarsus blackish except basitarsus mostly whitish, blackish only apically; midfemur with incomplete blackish ring at apical 0.4; midtibia as foretibia, and midtarsus as foretarsus; hindfemur as in forefemur, but rings broader, each about 0.33 times as long as femur; hindtibia brownish-yellow; hindtarsus as in foretarsus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB26745FF2B83E0AFC24896" blockId="4.[189,1399,952,1206]" box="[234,461,952,978]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB26745FF2B83E0AF214896" bold="true" box="[234,302,952,978]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Wing</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="92842A6AFFB26745FEFF83E0AFCB4896" box="[318,452,952,978]" captionStart="Figs 18–19" captionStartId="12.[189,241,2001,2027]" captionTargetBox="[483,1102,1398,1946]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[483,1104,1398,1955]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figs 18–19. Ichneumonopsis spp., wing. 18. I. burmensis Hardy, 1973. 19. I. taiwanensis sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827431" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827431/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 18–19</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB26745FF7C8386AB7948BC" blockId="4.[189,1399,952,1206]" box="[189,1398,989,1016]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">VENATION. Longitudinal veins generally straight, not sinuous; pterostigma about 6–8 times as long as</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB26745FF7C845AAB784F58" blockId="4.[189,1399,952,1206]" box="[189,1399,1026,1053]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">wide; posterodistal lobe of cell bcu slightly shorter than, equal to, or about 1.5 times as long as distal</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB26745FF7C847FAB794F22" blockId="4.[189,1399,952,1206]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
section of vein A
|
||
<subScript id="963B34AAFFB26745FE508461AF954F03" attach="left" box="[401,410,1081,1095]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1</subScript>
|
||
+Cu
|
||
<subScript id="963B34AAFFB26745FE0D8461AFDA4F03" attach="left" box="[460,469,1081,1095]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2</subScript>
|
||
; stump crossvein present in cell r
|
||
<subScript id="963B34AAFFB26745FCB68461AD8F4F03" attach="left" box="[887,896,1081,1095]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1</subScript>
|
||
, either indicated as fold or developed as vein, more or less aligned half way between crossveins R-M and DM-Cu; crossvein R-M aligned with,
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB26745FF7C842AAB794FCF" blockId="4.[189,1399,952,1206]" box="[189,1398,1137,1164]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">or slightly basal to, middle of cell dm; crossvein DM-Cu slightly oblique anterodistally; costal spine</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB26745FF7C84CEAAF84FF5" blockId="4.[189,1399,952,1206]" box="[189,1271,1174,1206]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
lacking; vein R
|
||
<subScript id="963B34AAFFB26745FEB184F0AF844FF2" attach="left" box="[368,395,1192,1206]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">4+5</subScript>
|
||
dorsally with sparse small fine setulae to about level of crossvein DM-Cu.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB26745FF7C8482AAAE4ECC" blockId="4.[189,1399,1242,1417]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
PATTERN. Either dimidiate (in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB26745FDD78483ACA84FB0" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1973" box="[534,679,1242,1268]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burmensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB26745FDD78483ACA84FB0" box="[534,679,1242,1268]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">I. burmensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB26745FD1E8483AD6E4FB0" authority="Freidberg & Kovac & Shiao, 2017" authorityName="Freidberg & Kovac & Shiao" authorityYear="2017" box="[735,865,1242,1268]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hancocki" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB26745FD1E8483AD6E4FB0" box="[735,865,1242,1268]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">I. hancocki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="23F85786FFB26745FCA98482ADC94FB0" box="[872,966,1242,1268]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
), with anterior 0.4 of wing yellowish to brownish, with posterior margin of coloured area often brown, particularly over vein R
|
||
<subScript id="963B34AAFFB26745FB188549AAFB4E5B" attach="left" box="[1241,1268,1297,1311]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">4+5</subScript>
|
||
, extending posteriorly only to vein R
|
||
<subScript id="963B34AAFFB26745FE32856EAC024E00" attach="left" box="[499,525,1334,1348]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">4+5</subScript>
|
||
or slightly beyond, and without spots or bands, or pattern
|
||
<typeStatus id="D504884DFFB26745FB10857DAB0B4E7B" box="[1233,1284,1317,1343]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">type</typeStatus>
|
||
extended dimidiate (in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB26745FE988512AFF44E27" authority="Freidberg & Kovac & Shiao, 2017" authorityName="Freidberg & Kovac & Shiao" authorityYear="2017" box="[345,507,1354,1379]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB26745FE988512AFF44E27" box="[345,507,1354,1379]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">I. taiwanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="23F85786FFB26745FDC08512AC524E20" box="[513,605,1354,1380]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
), with additional dark spots on posterior 0.6 of wing, especially over crossvein DM-Cu and distalmost section of vein M; cell bcu yellowish in all species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB26745FF2B85EAAC0D4E88" blockId="4.[189,1399,1458,1632]" box="[234,514,1458,1484]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB26745FF2B85EAAF6B4E88" bold="true" box="[234,356,1458,1484]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="92842A6AFFB26745FEB585EAAFF54E88" box="[372,506,1458,1484]" captionStart="Figs 20–21" captionStartId="13.[189,241,2000,2026]" captionTargetBox="[469,1136,616,1940]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[440,1147,616,1957]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figs 20–21. Ichneumonopsis burmensis Hardy, 1973, abdomen, dorsal view. 20. ♂. 21. ♀." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827433" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827433/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 20–21</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB26745FF7C858FAF4D4D24" blockId="4.[189,1399,1458,1632]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">STRUCTURE. Strongly elongate, petiolate; syntergite 1+2 about as long as remaining preabdomen, broadened posteriorly, with distal 0.2 narrowed in dorsal view; tergite 6 of female 0.2–0.3 times as long as tergite 5; oviscape about as long as, or longer than, preabdomen, conical at basal 0.2, remaining part cylindrical.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB26745FF7C86D2AF884C57" blockId="4.[189,1399,1673,1811]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">COLOURATION. Abdomen generally banded, with H-shaped or Y-shaped dark pattern on syntergite 1+2, with dark bifurcation always on T1, sometimes also on T2, posterior margin broadly yellow; remaining tergites with more or less discrete, alternating dark (usually brownish or blackish) and yellow posterior transverse bands.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB26745FF7C8764AFB94CAF" blockId="4.[189,1399,1852,2027]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">CHAETOTAXY AND VESTITURE. Without obvious setae or with one or few at posterolateral corner of last tergite (both male and female), or with few setae posterolaterally on some sternites (females); syntergite 1+2 posterolaterally with large patches of short, dense and erect minute setulae in both males and females, arranged in numerous (ca 30) rows and sometimes with longer coarse dark setulae near these (stridulatory organ?).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB36744FF7C8153AC574A62" blockId="5.[189,600,267,294]" box="[189,600,267,294]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB36744FF7C8153AF494A61" bold="true" box="[189,326,267,293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Terminalia</emphasis>
|
||
(based on two species)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB36744FF2B8162AFC74A11" blockId="5.[189,1399,314,728]" box="[234,456,314,341]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB36744FF2B8162AF254A10" bold="true" box="[234,298,314,340]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Male</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="92842A6AFFB36744FEF88162AFCF4A11" box="[313,448,314,341]" captionStart-0="Figs 22–24" captionStart-1="Figs 25–26" captionStartId-0="14.[189,241,1965,1991]" captionStartId-1="15.[189,241,1997,2023]" captionTargetBox-0="[202,1397,1313,1914]" captionTargetBox-1="[483,1102,1338,1942]" captionTargetId-0="figure@14.[189,1397,1310,1922]" captionTargetId-1="figure@15.[483,1104,1338,1952]" captionTargetPageId-0="14" captionTargetPageId-1="15" captionText-0="Figs 22–24. Ichneumonopsisspp.,epandrium.22. I. burmensisHardy, 1973, anterior view.23. I. burmensis Hardy, 1973, lateral view. 24. Ichneumonopsis taiwanensis sp. nov., lateral view." captionText-1="Figs 25–26. Ichneumonopsis spp., glans. 25. I. burmensis Hardy, 1973. 26. I. taiwanensis sp. nov." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827435" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827437" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3827435/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3827437/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 22–26</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB36744FF7C8105AA2B4993" blockId="5.[189,1399,314,728]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Epandrium triangular in lateral view, with elongate surstylus, about 10 times as long as wide, and forming 140
|
||
<superScript id="FDCA9BA7FFB36744FE908127AF664ADE" attach="none" box="[337,361,383,410]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">o–</superScript>
|
||
160
|
||
<superScript id="FDCA9BA7FFB36744FE558127AF924AC9" attach="left" box="[404,413,383,397]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">o</superScript>
|
||
with anterior margin of epandrium; surstylus distally with digitiform prolongation more or less aligned with surstylus, about as long as surstylus width at prensisetae level; proctiger (cerci) slightly to distinctly larger than epandrium, with long and thin hair-like setae, longer, denser and darker (brownish) in one species, shorter and sparser in the other; two small prensisetae; hypandrium and ejaculatory apodeme without overt features, the latter narrow, about 3–4 times as long as wide (at widest place, near apex). Phallus about 1.1–1.2 times as long as abdomen; glans with at least four separate sclerotized plates or structures (from base to tip): first sclerite brown, rather flat dome-like at base; second sclerite opposite first sclerite but slightly more distally, yellow, flat, longer than first sclerite, comprising basal lobe; third structure at middle of glans, cochleate, the most complex and conspicuous sclerotization in the glans; finally small curved brown plate at tip of glans.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB36744FF2B82A7AFEC485D" blockId="5.[189,1399,766,1040]" box="[234,483,766,793]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB36744FF2B82A7AF4A485D" bold="true" box="[234,325,767,793]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="92842A6AFFB36744FE9482A6AFD3485D" box="[341,476,766,793]" captionStart="Figs 27–30" captionStartId="16.[189,241,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[257,1342,265,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[242,1345,265,1889]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figs 27–30. Ichneumonopsis spp., aculeus. 27. I. burmensis Hardy, 1973, entire aculeus. 28. I. taiwanensis sp. nov., entire aculeus. 29. I. burmensis Hardy, 1973, aculeus apex. 30. I. taiwanensis sp. nov., aculeus apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827439" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827439/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 27–30</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB36744FF7C837AAAAC4F54" blockId="5.[189,1399,766,1040]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Aculeus flat, about 10 times as long as wide; cercal unit unusually wide, distinctly rounded apically, with or without constriction, with 4 preapical marginal setulae and system of straight or curved longitudinal “canals” crowded toward tip (tip of aculeus illustrated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E2E4B1EFFB36744FC448330AA1748C6" author="Hardy D. E." box="[901,1048,872,898]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref9877" refString="Hardy D. E. 1973. The Fruit Flies (Tephritidae - Diptera) of Thailand and Bordering Countries. Pacific Insects Monographs 31, Bishop Museum, Honolulu." type="book" year="1973">Hardy 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 58e) or extending more proximally; eversible membrane: with 30–40 dense rows of small yellow denticles; denticles rhomboidal, length equal to width,
|
||
<quantity id="CD479B0AFFB36744FE1583F6AC61488D" box="[468,622,942,969]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.51" metricValueMin="2.09" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="230.0" valueMax="251.0" valueMin="209.0">209–251 µm</quantity>
|
||
, average
|
||
<quantity id="CD479B0AFFB36744FD2683F7AD46488D" box="[743,841,943,969]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="230.0">230 µm</quantity>
|
||
, n = 10; denticles occupying basal 0.25–0.30 of length of eversible membrane, which in most of its length lacks denticles and is translucent grey. Spermathecae – 2, spherical or almost spherical (illustrated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E2E4B1EFFB36744FC5E83ADAA204F4B" author="Hardy D. E." box="[927,1071,1013,1039]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref9877" refString="Hardy D. E. 1973. The Fruit Flies (Tephritidae - Diptera) of Thailand and Bordering Countries. Pacific Insects Monographs 31, Bishop Museum, Honolulu." type="book" year="1973">Hardy 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 58c).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="5EC06667FFB36744FF7C8796AD144CAC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827419" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3827419" box="[189,795,1998,2024]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827419/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" startId="5.[189,232,1998,2024]" targetBox="[192,1396,1108,1946]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB36744FF7C8796AD144CAC" blockId="5.[189,795,1998,2024]" box="[189,795,1998,2024]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB36744FF7C8796AF044CAC" bold="true" box="[189,267,1998,2024]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Collecting localities of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB36744FDE58796ACEC4CAC" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1973" box="[548,739,1998,2024]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB36744FDE58796ACEC4CAC" box="[548,739,1998,2024]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ichneumonopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="42A56564FFB06747FF7C8153ACE84ADF" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB06747FF7C8153AF4B4A61" blockId="6.[189,324,267,293]" box="[189,324,267,293]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<heading id="51488183FFB06747FF7C8153AF4B4A61" bold="true" box="[189,324,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB06747FF7C8153AF4B4A61" bold="true" box="[189,324,267,293]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB06747FF7C8162ACE84ADF" blockId="6.[189,1399,314,411]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
This genus has been poorly collected and documented except, perhaps,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB06747FC398163AB7C4A10" authority="(Kovac et al. 2013)" baseAuthorityName="Kovac" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[1016,1395,314,340]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burmensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB06747FC398163AA864A10" box="[1016,1161,314,340]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I. burmensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E2E4B1EFFB06747FB568162AB644A10" author="Kovac D. & Freidberg A. & Steck G." box="[1175,1387,314,340]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="117 - 132" refId="ref10050" refString="Kovac D., Freidberg A. & Steck G. 2013. Biology and description of the third instar larva and puparium of Ichneumonopsis burmensis Hardy (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Gastrozonini), a bamboo-breeding fruit fly from the Oriental region. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (1): 117 - 132." type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Kovac
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB06747FB2A8163AB124A10" box="[1259,1309,314,340]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This situation, as well as the relative wide distribution (
|
||
<figureCitation id="92842A6AFFB06747FC8E8105AD9C4A33" box="[847,915,349,375]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1998,2024]" captionTargetBox="[192,1396,1108,1946]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[189,1398,1106,1948]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1. Collecting localities of Ichneumonopsis spp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3827419" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3827419/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
), attests to the possibility that additional species await discovery in the Oriental Region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="42A56564FFB06747FF7C819BAC534A99" box="[189,604,450,477]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB06747FF7C819BAC534A99" blockId="6.[189,604,450,477]" box="[189,604,450,477]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<heading id="51488183FFB06747FF7C819BAC534A99" bold="true" box="[189,604,450,477]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB06747FF7C819BAC534A99" bold="true" box="[189,604,450,477]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Key to species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB06747FE55819AAC534A99" ID-CoL="53CW" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1973" box="[404,604,450,477]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB06747FE55819AAC534A99" bold="true" box="[404,604,450,477]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ichneumonopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="42A56564FFB06747FF7C81AAAB784FC2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="key">
|
||
<key id="7E2E61DEFFB06747FF7C81AAAB784FC2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<keyStep id="B14B2E4AFFB06747FF7C81AAAB79486C" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB06747FF7C81AAAB784933" blockId="6.[189,1399,497,808]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<keyLead id="B14E95DAFFB06747FF7C81AAAB784933" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
1. Dark dorsocentral and median scutal vittae connected via two transverse bands: one at level of supraalar seta and one along scutoscutellar suture; submedian yellow vitta divided into isolated anterior vitta and posterior oval spot; all femora with rows of spines anteroventrally and posteroventrally; scapular setae absent, dorsocentral and katepisternal setae present ……………
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB06747FB618204AB004933" ID-CoL="BD5GD" authority="Freidberg & Kovac & Shiao, 2017" authorityName="Freidberg & Kovac & Shiao" authorityYear="2017" box="[1184,1295,604,631]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hancocki" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB06747FB618204AB004933" bold="true" box="[1184,1295,604,631]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">hancocki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="23F85786FFB06747FAD88205AB784933" box="[1305,1399,605,631]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB06747FF0082D8AB79486C" blockId="6.[189,1399,497,808]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<keyLead id="B14E95DAFFB06747FF0082D8AB79486C" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">– Dark dorsocentral and median scutal vittae connected only via transverse band along scutoscutellar suture; submedian yellow vitta complete from anterior margin of scutum to dark transverse band along scutoscutellar suture; forefemur with about 2–5, usually 3–4, spines posteroventrally, other femora devoid of spines; scapular setae present, dorsocentral and katepisternal setae absent or dorsocentral setula-like ……………………………………………………………………………2</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="B14B2E4AFFB06747FF7C8308AB784FC2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB06747FF7C8308AB784F58" blockId="6.[189,1399,848,1159]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<keyLead id="B14E95DAFFB06747FF7C8308AB784F58" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
2. Wing pattern more extensive than dimidiate (although containing elements of the dimidiate pattern of the other species), including posteriorly: blackish bands over distalmost section of vein M and over crossvein DM-Cu, blackish vein Cu
|
||
<subScript id="963B34AAFFB06747FCA483F1AD6148F3" attach="left" box="[869,878,937,951]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1</subScript>
|
||
and its immediate vicinity and less discrete blackish spot over distal half of posterodistal lobe of cell bcu; remaining posterior half of wing appearing greyish or hyaline, depending on the light; spur vein (across cell r
|
||
<subScript id="963B34AAFFB06747FB5483A8AA9148BA" attach="left" box="[1173,1182,1008,1022]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1</subScript>
|
||
) brownish and in greyish-black spot ……………………………………………………………
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB06747FBBE845AAB024F58" ID-CoL="BD5GF" authority="Freidberg & Kovac & Shiao, 2017" authorityName="Freidberg & Kovac & Shiao" authorityYear="2017" box="[1151,1293,1026,1052]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB06747FBBE845AAB024F58" bold="true" box="[1151,1293,1026,1052]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">taiwanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="23F85786FFB06747FAD9845AAB784F58" box="[1304,1399,1026,1052]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A0036EFFFB06747FF00847EAB784FC2" blockId="6.[189,1399,848,1159]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<keyLead id="B14E95DAFFB06747FF00847EAB784FC2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
– Wing pattern dimidiate, with dark pattern restricted to anterior half of wing, extending slightly into cells br and r
|
||
<subScript id="963B34AAFFB06747FEB88402AF9B4F2C" attach="left" box="[377,404,1114,1128]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">4+5</subScript>
|
||
; no discrete pattern in posterior half of wing, although posterior margin of wing broadly greyish; stump vein usually colourless and not in greyish-black spot …………
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDBF4D6CFFB06747FBA68434AB784FC2" ID-CoL="6MS9P" authority="Hardy, 1973" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1973" box="[1127,1399,1132,1159]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Ichneumonopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burmensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="38CBEAFDFFB06747FBA68434AAEA4FC3" bold="true" box="[1127,1253,1132,1159]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">burmensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E2E4B1EFFB06747FB288434AB784FC2" author="Hardy D. E." box="[1257,1399,1132,1158]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref9877" refString="Hardy D. E. 1973. The Fruit Flies (Tephritidae - Diptera) of Thailand and Bordering Countries. Pacific Insects Monographs 31, Bishop Museum, Honolulu." type="book" year="1973">Hardy, 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |