295 lines
26 KiB
XML
295 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.333.5483" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1381c9ff-bf46-408b-bb63-dade9aa8e2f0" ID-PMC="PMC3800835" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-333-77" ID-PubMed="24146561" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-333-77" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 333" ModsDocTitle="Eremonidiopsis aggregata, gen. n., sp. n. from Cuba, the third West Indian Dioptinae (Lepidoptera, Notodontidae)" checkinTime="1451246907971" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Aguila, Rayner Nunez" docDate="2013" docId="6E009F4C14FBED022216E8CCE22D7A30" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 333: 77-91" docOrigin="ZooKeys 333" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.333.5483" docTitle="Eremonidiopsis aggregata Aguila, 2013, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="84" masterDocId="C320FFD8FFDDFF85FFF5775D0479FFB6" masterDocTitle="Eremonidiopsis aggregata, gen. n., sp. n. from Cuba, the third West Indian Dioptinae (Lepidoptera, Notodontidae)" masterLastPageNumber="91" masterPageNumber="77" pageNumber="80" updateTime="1668156486754" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Eremonidiopsis aggregata, gen. n., sp. n. from Cuba, the third West Indian Dioptinae (Lepidoptera, Notodontidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Aguila, Rayner Nunez</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>333</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>77</mods:start>
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<mods:end>91</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.333.5483</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.333.5483</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-333-77</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152047844" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0EA20D76-403F-4526-BB2A-8CB2AF0D9AC2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6E009F4C14FBED022216E8CCE22D7A30" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="3" pageNumber="80">
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="80" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="80">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/0EA20D76-403F-4526-BB2A-8CB2AF0D9AC2" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Eremonidiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremonidiopsis aggregata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aggregata">Eremonidiopsis aggregata</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="3" pageNumber="80">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 1-7
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="80" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="80">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="80">
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Holotype: ♂, Cuba,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Holguí">Holgui</normalizedToken>
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, Moa, vicinity of Morones mountain stream (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="20.439444">20°26'22"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-74.82056">74°49'14"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 300 m, 22/V/2007, R.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Núñez">Nunez</normalizedToken>
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. Paratypes: 5 ♂. Same data as holotype (4 ♂);
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Holguín">Holguin</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Mayarí">Mayari</normalizedToken>
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, vicinity of La Zoilita (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="20.628334">20°37'42"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-75.48555">75°29'08"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 400 m, 6/IV/2012, R.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Núñez">Nunez</normalizedToken>
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(1 ♂).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="80" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="80">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="80">
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The uniform dark brown wing pattern of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Eremonidiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremonidiopsis aggregata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aggregata">Eremonidiopsis aggregata</taxonomicName>
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is present only in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Scotura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scotura nigricaput" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigricaput">Scotura nigricaput</taxonomicName>
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Dogninand
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Scotura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scotura flavicapilla" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicapilla">Scotura flavicapilla</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hübner">Huebner</normalizedToken>
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) among all
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="80" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dioptinae">Dioptinae</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Eremonidiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremonidiopsis aggregata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aggregata">Eremonidiopsis aggregata</taxonomicName>
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can be easily separated from the first by its yellowish-orange collar and from the second by lacking yellowish color at other areas of the head such as the front and the vertex. In addition, many other features allow separation of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Eremonidiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremonidiopsis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremonidiopsis</taxonomicName>
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from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Scotura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scotura" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Scotura</taxonomicName>
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including the possession of bipectinate antennae, a longer discal cell, absence of the FW stridulatory organ, and absence of the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Barth’s">Barth's</normalizedToken>
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Organ in the male genitalia among other features.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="3" pageNumber="80" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="80">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="3" pageNumber="80">
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Male (Figs 1-5).
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="81" start="start">Head</pageBreakToken>
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. First segment of labial palpus covered with short, yellowish-orange scales; third and second segments of labial palpi brownish gray, second segment with scattered yellowish-orange scales on inner side; remaining parts of head covered with appressed, glossy brownish-gray scales. Eyes moderately large, measurements (N=6), mean
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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S.D. (range); width of head across eyes: 1.41
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.02 mm (1.38-1.43 mm); height of eye: 0.57
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.02 mm (0.53-0.58 mm); ocular index (height of eye / width of head): 0.40
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.01 mm (0.38-0.41 mm). Thorax. Propleuron and prosternal region yellowish orange between base of proboscis and base of brownish-gray procoxae (Figs 1, 2); dorsum brownish gray; venter, including legs, pale brownish gray except inner side of femora grayish white; tympanum contrastingly dirty white (Fig. 3). Forewing (Figs 1, 4) with dorsal surface glossy, uniformly brown; ventral surface uniformly brownish gray; measurements (N=6), mean
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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S.D. (range); length: 12.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.24 mm (12.0-12.7 mm); width: 5.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.22 mm (5.2-5.8 mm); length / width ratio: 2.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.05 (2.2-2.3). Hindwing (Figs 1, 4) with dorsal surface uniformly dark brownish gray; ventral surface uniformly brownish gray (Fig. 1); measurements (N=6), mean
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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S.D. (range); length: 9.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.35 mm (9.1-10.1 mm); width: 5.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.11 mm (5.2-5.5 mm); length / width ratio: 1.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.04 (1.75-1.84). Abdomen. Scales of dorsum glossy, brownish gray; venter white brownish gray but paler (Figs 1, 2). Mesal process on anterior margin of seventh sternum short and blunt, flanked by indentations (Fig. 5B). Eighth tergum elongate, slightly longer than corresponding sternum excluding apodeme; anterior margin one third broader than posterior one, slightly excavated at middle; lateral margins simple; posterior margin slightly convex with a short hood-shaped fold. Eighth sternum with lateral margins simple; posterior margin sclerotized except at shallow mesal excavation; anterior margin one third broader than posterior one (Fig. 5A); anterior apodeme saclike, about two thirds as long as sternum, gradually tapering toward rounded anterior end, lateral margins simple. Genitalia. Uncus short, wide, curved gradually downward, dorsum convex, apex acute, with a pair of triangular dorsolateral keels; socii short, wide at bases, curved strongly upward, apices cup shaped (Fig. 5C); dorsal portion of tegumen gently tapered, ventral portion slightly widened at junction with vinculum; saccus broad, quadrate, ventral margin transverse, dorsal margin wide, slightly convex, barely covering valve bases; inner surface of valve mostly membranous; dorsal margin of costa slightly convex with a low sclerotized flange on inner surface extending to apex, with a blunt expansion in apical third (Fig. 5C); ventral margin of valve mostly straight, folded toward inner surface to form a low sclerotized flange in distal third, flange with a blunt expansion at middle and a more acute one near apical third; apical portion of valve broadly expanded and rounded (Fig. 5C); anal tube short and broad, extending below apex of valvae; apex of aedeagus dentate along right lateral margin, teeth heavily sclerotized (Fig. 5D); caltrop cornuti bearing three or four straight upwardly oriented spines, longest spines up to 5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of shortest ones.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="81">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="81">
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Figure 1. Habitus of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Eremonidiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremonidiopsis aggregata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aggregata">Eremonidiopsis aggregata</taxonomicName>
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. A Male holotype, dorsal view B Male holotype, ventral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="81">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="81">
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Figure 2. Head, thorax, and abdomen of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Eremonidiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremonidiopsis aggregata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aggregata">Eremonidiopsis aggregata</taxonomicName>
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, lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="81">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="81">
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Figure 3. Tympanum of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Eremonidiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremonidiopsis aggregata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aggregata">Eremonidiopsis aggregata</taxonomicName>
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, posterior view of metathorax.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="81">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="81">
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Figure 4. Wing venation of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Eremonidiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremonidiopsis aggregata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aggregata">Eremonidiopsis aggregata</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="81">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="81">
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Figure 5. Seventh and eighth abdominal sterna and male genitalia of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Eremonidiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremonidiopsis aggregata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aggregata">Eremonidiopsis aggregata</taxonomicName>
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. Scale bar 0.5 mm. A Seventh sternum, dorsal view B Eighth sternum, dorsal view C Genitalia, ventral view D Aedeagus, dorsal view E Aedeagus, lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="81">Female. Unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="81" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="81">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="81">
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The
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<normalizedToken originalValue="species–group">species-group</normalizedToken>
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name is derived from the Latin gregis (flock, group) and the suffix atus (having the nature of), in reference to the aggregation of individuals observed during both collecting events.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="82" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="82">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="82" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="82">
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(Fig. 6). Known from only two localities of the NSB mountain range, both in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Holguín">Holguin</normalizedToken>
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province, northeastern Cuba. The locality at the center of the NSB is in the vicinity of Morones mountain stream (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="20.439444">20°26'22"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-74.82056">74°49'14"W</geoCoordinate>
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; 300 m) near the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Jaguaní">Jaguani</normalizedToken>
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river east of La Melba village on the southeastern slope of the El Toldo plateau. The westernmost locality is the vicinity of La Zoilita (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="20.628334">20°37'42"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-75.48555">75°29'08"W</geoCoordinate>
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; 400 m), on the northern slope of Sierra de Cristal.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="82">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="82">
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Figure 6. Distribution of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Eremonidiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremonidiopsis aggregata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aggregata">Eremonidiopsis aggregata</taxonomicName>
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at the middle and western portions of the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Nipe–Sagua–Baracoa">Nipe-Sagua-Baracoa</normalizedToken>
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range, northeastern Cuba. Right red square indicating the vicinity of the Morones mountains stream, left red square indicating the vicinity of La Zoilita. Yellow polygons showing area occupied by National Parks, "Alexander von Humboldt" at the right, and "Pico Cristal" at the left.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="5" pageNumber="82" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="82">Habitat</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="83" pageId="5" pageNumber="82">
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(Fig. 7). The two localities where
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Eremonidiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremonidiopsis aggregata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aggregata">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="83" start="start">Eremonidiopsis</pageBreakToken>
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aggregata
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</taxonomicName>
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has been collected are very different regarding both vegetation and climate. Vegetation around La Melba is represented by lowland rainforest,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cuba’s">Cuba's</normalizedToken>
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most exuberant rainforest type (Figs 7A, B) (
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<bibRefCitation pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Reyes and Acosta 2005</bibRefCitation>
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). The vegetation has a distinctly mesophyllic aspect due to the predominance of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Meliaceae" genus="Carapa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carapa guianensis" order="Sapindales" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guianensis">Carapa guianensis</taxonomicName>
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Aubl. (
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<taxonomicName genus="Meliaceae" lsidName="Meliaceae" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" rank="genus">Meliaceae</taxonomicName>
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||
). Generally, there are two arboreal layers; the upper layer frequently reaches 30 to 35 m; when it only reaches 20 to 25 m, it has emergent individuals reaching 35 m (
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<bibRefCitation pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Reyes and Acosta 2005</bibRefCitation>
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). Arboreal canopy coverage is 100%. A more detailed description of this rainforest is given by
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<bibRefCitation pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Reyes and Acosta (2005)</bibRefCitation>
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. Rainfall is 3400 mm per year; this is the rainiest region of Cuba with up to 240 rainy days per year (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Montenegro, U" journalOrPublisher="Instituto de Meteorologia, Santiago de Cuba" pageId="10" pageNumber="87" title="Condiciones climaticas de las cuencas de los rios Toa y Duaba de la provincia de Guantanamo." year="1991">Montenegro 1991</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Zabala, B" editor="Fong, A" journalOrPublisher="The Field Museum, Chicago" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" pagination="154 - 158" title="Physical and geographic characteristics." volumeTitle="Rapid Biological Inventories" year="2005">Zabala and Villaverde 2005</bibRefCitation>
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||
). October to January and May are the wettest periods, averaging 300-500 mm of rainfall per month; February and March are the least rainy months with about 200 mm (
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<bibRefCitation author="Montenegro, U" journalOrPublisher="Instituto de Meteorologia, Santiago de Cuba" pageId="10" pageNumber="87" title="Condiciones climaticas de las cuencas de los rios Toa y Duaba de la provincia de Guantanamo." year="1991">Montenegro 1991</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cuba’s">Cuba's</normalizedToken>
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highest relative humidity rates occur there; yearly values vary between 90 and 95%. The most humid month is October and the least humid month is July. Temperatures are high, between 22 and 26°C, which along with frequent and long calm periods produce a sensation of suffocating heat (
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<bibRefCitation author="Montenegro, U" journalOrPublisher="Instituto de Meteorologia, Santiago de Cuba" pageId="10" pageNumber="87" title="Condiciones climaticas de las cuencas de los rios Toa y Duaba de la provincia de Guantanamo." year="1991">Montenegro 1991</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="83">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="83">
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Figure 7. Habitats of
|
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Eremonidiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremonidiopsis aggregata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aggregata">Eremonidiopsis aggregata</taxonomicName>
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in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Nipe–Sagua–Baracoa">Nipe-Sagua-Baracoa</normalizedToken>
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||
range, northeastern Cuba. A Lowland rainforest at the riversides of the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Jaguaní">Jaguani</normalizedToken>
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River at La Melba, near the type locality B Understory of the lowland rainforest in the vicinity of Morones mountain stream C Northern slopes of Sierra Cristal, near the type locality D Sclerophyll rainforest in the vicinity of La Zoilita.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="83">
|
||
The substratum rocks are metamorphic. Soils are poor, acidic, and humid (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Ferralítico">"Ferralitico</normalizedToken>
|
||
Rojo Lixiviado" and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Ferralítico">"Ferralitico</normalizedToken>
|
||
Amarillento Lixiviado"), over a ferralitic, meteorized (weathered) crust (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Zabala, B" editor="Fong, A" journalOrPublisher="The Field Museum, Chicago" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" pagination="154 - 158" title="Physical and geographic characteristics." volumeTitle="Rapid Biological Inventories" year="2005">Zabala and Villaverde 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="83">
|
||
The vicinity of La Zoilita is covered by sclerophyll rainforest [name modified from
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Borhidi, A" journalOrPublisher="First edition. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest" pageId="9" pageNumber="86" title="Phytogeography and vegetation ecology of Cuba." year="1991">Borhidi (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
following
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Reyes and Cantillo (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
] (Figs 7C, D). Leaves are very sclerophyllous, mostly microphyll and notophyll. The arboreal layer is open and irregular in height and generally fluctuates between 15 and 20 m. Constant and abundant species include
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Calophyllaceae" genus="Calophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calophyllum utile" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="utile">Calophyllum utile</taxonomicName>
|
||
Bisse (
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Clusiaceae" lsidName="Clusiaceae" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" rank="genus">Clusiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" genus="Guapira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Guapira rufescens" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rufescens">Guapira rufescens</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Heimerl) Lundell (
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Nyctaginaceae" lsidName="Nyctaginaceae" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" rank="genus">Nyctaginaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Tabebuia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tabebuia dubia" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dubia">Tabebuia dubia</taxonomicName>
|
||
(C. Wright ex Sauvalle) Britton ex Seibert (
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Bignoniaceae" lsidName="Bignoniaceae" pageId="6" pageNumber="83" rank="genus">Bignoniaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The lower stratum is 5-12 m high and more closed. Details concerning the structure and species composition of this habitat can be found in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Borhidi, A" journalOrPublisher="First edition. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest" pageId="9" pageNumber="86" title="Phytogeography and vegetation ecology of Cuba." year="1991">Borhidi (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Reyes and Cantillo (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="83">Rainfall is 1600 mm per year. Average annual relative humidity is 91% at 7:00 am, and 67% at 1:00 pm. The average yearly temperature is 21.6°C, with the highest average value being 23.8°C during July, and the minimum being 19.0°C in February.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="84" start="start">The</pageBreakToken>
|
||
substratum rocks are ophiolithic. The soils are
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Ferríticos">"Ferriticos</normalizedToken>
|
||
Rojos Oscuros," very poor and acidic, and shallow to very deep; sometimes with bare rock exposed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="84" type="behavioral observations">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="84">Behavioral observations.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="84">
|
||
All individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Eremonidiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremonidiopsis aggregata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aggregata">Eremonidiopsis aggregata</taxonomicName>
|
||
were observed in flight during the early afternoon. At both localities the species was found in small, agitated swarms of 10 to 15 individuals. Flight was moderately strong and erratic, and on both occasions the moths were seen flying 3 to 4 meters above the ground around the top of an unidentified tree. Specimens were captured when they occasionally descended near the ground. No females where captured.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="84">
|
||
Roughly 60 hours of light trapping were spent at La Zoilita using a 250 watt mercury vapor bulb in February of 2010, but no
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Eremonidiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eremonidiopsis aggregata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aggregata">Eremonidiopsis aggregata</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens were attracted. However, individuals were collected there during the day in April and May in the vicinity of Morones mountain stream.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |