plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/F4/D5/B9/F4D5B9103B745A36A6B977F07BCD341B.xml
maintenance a367d1c1c6 added F4
2024-06-21 12:57:49 +02:00

346 lines
32 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.981.53583" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8e14a5b5-aa20-4050-b2b4-f393764fc6c7" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-981-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="7C44C797C4125A71BAE032A55E6FA5DC" ID-ZooBank="5194AAC86B8A473F8A41470A60182A0B" ModsDocID="1313-2970-981-1" checkinTime="1604011718171" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pall-Gergely, Barna, Sajan, Sheikh, Tripathy, Basudev, Meng, Kaibaryer, Asami, Takahiro &amp; Ablett, Jonathan D." docDate="2020" docId="F4D5B9103B745A36A6B977F07BCD341B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 981: 1-220" docOrigin="ZooKeys 981" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.981.53583" docTitle="Pincerna Preston 1907" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="7C44C797C4125A71BAE032A55E6FA5DC" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="7C44C797C4125A71BAE032A55E6FA5DC" masterDocTitle="Genus-level revision of the Alycaeidae (Gastropoda, Cyclophoroidea), with an annotated species catalogue" masterLastPageNumber="220" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1634714035540" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Genus-level revision of the Alycaeidae (Gastropoda, Cyclophoroidea), with an annotated species catalogue</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Pall-Gergely, Barna</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Herman Otto ut 15, Budapest, H- 1022, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6167-7221</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">pallgergely2@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sajan, Sheikh</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Zoological Survey of India, Prani Vigyan Bhawan, M Block, New Alipore, Kolkata 700053, West Bengal, India &amp; Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun 248 002, Uttarakhand, India</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2785-6824</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Tripathy, Basudev</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Zoological Survey of India, Prani Vigyan Bhawan, M Block, New Alipore, Kolkata 700053, West Bengal, India</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Meng, Kaibaryer</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>National Zoological Museum of China, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Asami, Takahiro</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390 - 8621, Japan</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5706-0272</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ablett, Jonathan D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Mollusca Section, Invertebrates Division, Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museums, London SW 7 5 BD, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>981</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>220</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.981.53583</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.981.53583</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-981-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">5194AAC86B8A473F8A41470A60182A0B</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">7C44C797C4125A71BAE032A55E6FA5DC</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="168714970" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F4D5B9103B745A36A6B977F07BCD341B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F4D5B9103B745A36A6B977F07BCD341B" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Genus
<taxonomicName LSID="F4D5B910-3B74-5A36-A6B9-77F07BCD341B" authority="Preston, 1907" authorityName="Preston" authorityYear="1907" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Pincerna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pincerna" order="Gastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Pincerna Preston, 1907</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus (Pincerna)" order="Gastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pincerna">Alycaeus (Pincerna)</taxonomicName>
Preston, 1907: 206.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus (Cycloryx)" order="Gastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Cycloryx">Alycaeus (Cycloryx)</taxonomicName>
Godwin-Austen 1914: 334.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Chamalycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chamalycaeus (Cycloryx)" order="Gastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Cycloryx">Chamalycaeus (Cycloryx)</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation author="Thiele, J" journalOrPublisher="Verlag von Gustav Fischer, Jena" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B213" refString="Thiele, J, 1929. Handbuch der systematischen Weichtierkunde, Teil 1. Verlag von Gustav Fischer, Jena" title="Handbuch der systematischen Weichtierkunde, Teil 1." year="1929">Thiele 1929</bibRefCitation>
: 108; Wenz 1938: 478.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus (Pincerna)" order="Gastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pincerna">Alycaeus (Pincerna)</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation author="Thiele, J" journalOrPublisher="Verlag von Gustav Fischer, Jena" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B213" refString="Thiele, J, 1929. Handbuch der systematischen Weichtierkunde, Teil 1. Verlag von Gustav Fischer, Jena" title="Handbuch der systematischen Weichtierkunde, Teil 1." year="1929">Thiele 1929</bibRefCitation>
: 108; Wenz 1938: 479;
<bibRefCitation author="Egorov, RV" journalOrPublisher="Egorov, Moscow" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B45" refString="Egorov, RV, 2013. Treasure of Russian Shells. Supplement 3. A review of the genera of the terrestrial pectinibranch molluscs (synopsis mainly based on published data). Part III. Littoriniformes: Liareidae, Pupinidae, Diplommatinidae, Alycaeidae, Cochlostomidae. R. Egorov, Moscow" title="Treasure of Russian Shells. Supplement 3. A review of the genera of the terrestrial pectinibranch molluscs (synopsis mainly based on published data). Part III. Littoriniformes: Liareidae, Pupinidae, Diplommatinidae, Alycaeidae, Cochlostomidae. R." year="2013">Egorov 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 33-34.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authority="" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Chamalycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chamalycaeus (Cycloryx)" order="Gastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Cycloryx">Chamalycaeus (Cycloryx)</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation author="Egorov, RV" journalOrPublisher="Egorov, Moscow" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B45" refString="Egorov, RV, 2013. Treasure of Russian Shells. Supplement 3. A review of the genera of the terrestrial pectinibranch molluscs (synopsis mainly based on published data). Part III. Littoriniformes: Liareidae, Pupinidae, Diplommatinidae, Alycaeidae, Cochlostomidae. R. Egorov, Moscow" title="Treasure of Russian Shells. Supplement 3. A review of the genera of the terrestrial pectinibranch molluscs (synopsis mainly based on published data). Part III. Littoriniformes: Liareidae, Pupinidae, Diplommatinidae, Alycaeidae, Cochlostomidae. R." year="2013">Egorov 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 36.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Preston" authorityYear="1907" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Pincerna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pincerna" order="Gastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Pincerna</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation author="Pall-Gergely, B" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 219" publicationUrl="https://lkcnhm.nus.edu.sg/app/uploads/2017/04/65rbz213-219.pdf" refId="B155" refString="Pall-Gergely, B, 2017. A new species of Alycaeidae, Pincerna yanseni n. sp. from Sumatra, with the resurrection of the genus Pincerna Preston, 1907 (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 65: 213 - 219, https://lkcnhm.nus.edu.sg/app/uploads/2017/04/65rbz213-219.pdf" title="A new species of Alycaeidae, Pincerna yanseni n. sp. from Sumatra, with the resurrection of the genus Pincerna Preston, 1907 (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea)." url="https://lkcnhm.nus.edu.sg/app/uploads/2017/04/65rbz213-219.pdf" volume="65" year="2017">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páll-Gergely">Pall-Gergely</normalizedToken>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
: 214.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Preston" baseAuthorityYear="1907" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Pincerna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pincerna liratula" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="Liratula">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pincerna liratula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Preston, 1907 (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Type species of alycaeid genus-group taxa A Pincerna constricta (Benson, 1851), syntype (NHMUK 1906.4.4.41; type species of Cycloryx) B Pincerna liratula (Preston, 1907), syntype (NHMUK 1907.5.20.191; type species of Pincerna) C Stomacosmethis sarasinorum (Bollinger, 1918), lectotype (NHMB 2411. a; type species of Stomacosmethis). Photographs: Harold Taylor (A, B); Eduard Stoeckli (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.981.53583.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/468684" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">39B</figureCitation>
) (introduced as a subgenus of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Alycaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but apparently used on genus level), by monotypy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Shell very small to medium sized (D: 2.5-6 mm), globose triangular, usually higher than wide; protoconch smooth, without spiral striation; R1 usually with strong, widely-spaced ribs and weak spiral striation; R2 smooth to prominently ribbed (in those cases not different from R1), very short, pyriform (in typical
<taxonomicName authorityName="Goodwin-austen" authorityYear="1914" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Cycloryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cycloryx" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cycloryx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species) or somewhat longer in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Preston" authorityYear="1907" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Pincerna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pincerna" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pincerna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-like shells; umbilicus often closed by the reflected columellar extension in many species. Operculum thin, in some species with a low circular structure, or calcareous ridges radiating outwards of the nucleus on the outer surface. Radula of a single species is known, see Table
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Radula traits of Alycaeidae. For the species examined by Venmans (1956) see Radula under &quot; Description and assessment of morphological characters &quot; (page 14)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/5767D4397BF7570F345CB3D9D4124A0D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="5767D4397BF7570F345CB3D9D4124A0D">1</tableCitation>
(central tooth with 5 cusps, broad, central cusp pointed).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.981.53583.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/468684" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 39" startId="F39">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 39.</emphasis>
Type species of alycaeid genus-group taxa
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1851" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Pincerna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pincerna constricta" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="Constricta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pincerna constricta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Benson, 1851), syntype (NHMUK 1906.4.4.41; type species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Goodwin-austen" authorityYear="1914" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Cycloryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cycloryx" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cycloryx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Preston" baseAuthorityYear="1907" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Pincerna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pincerna liratula" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="Liratula">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pincerna liratula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Preston, 1907), syntype (NHMUK 1907.5.20.191; type species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Preston" authorityYear="1907" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Pincerna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pincerna" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pincerna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bollinger" baseAuthorityYear="1918" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Stomacosmethis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stomacosmethis sarasinorum" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="Sarasinorum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stomacosmethis sarasinorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Bollinger, 1918), lectotype (NHMB 2411.a; type species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bollinger" authorityYear="1918" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Stomacosmethis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stomacosmethis" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stomacosmethis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Photographs: Harold Taylor (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
); Eduard Stoeckli (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">See Remarks.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The distribution of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Preston" authorityYear="1907" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Pincerna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pincerna" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pincerna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seemingly consists of two disjunct geographic areas, namely the southeastern Himalaya to northern Vietnam and northern Laos, and Sumatra, the southern part of the Malay Peninsula, and northern Borneo (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Distribution of Pincerna Preston, 1907 (dark shaded area) and Stomacosmethis Bollinger, 1918 (light shaded area)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.981.53583.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/468685" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">40</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The relationship between
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Alycaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Preston" authorityYear="1907" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Pincerna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pincerna" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pincerna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Goodwin-austen" authorityYear="1914" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Cycloryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cycloryx" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cycloryx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the most problematical point of the current revision. The genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Goodwin-austen" authorityYear="1914" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Cycloryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cycloryx" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cycloryx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Godwin-Austen, 1914 (type species:
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1851" class="Gastropoda" family="Pomatiidae" genus="Cyclostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclostoma constrictum" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="Constrictum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cyclostoma constrictum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Benson, 1851, OD) was erected as a subgenus of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Alycaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Gray, 1850, and was described on the basis of the ovately conoid shell shape, the regular ribbing on the upper whorls, and the extremely short, often clubbed or pear-shaped sutural tube (Godwin-Austen 1914). Godwin-Austen (1914) only included species from northeastern India and Burma (Rakhin = Arakan, and the Shan States) in this genus. However, the diagnosis of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Goodwin-austen" authorityYear="1914" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Cycloryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cycloryx" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cycloryx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
matches several species extralimital to the distributional range as defined by Godwin-Austen, namely those from northern Vietnam, Borneo,
<normalizedToken originalValue="China’s">China's</normalizedToken>
Guizhou Province, the Malay Peninsula, and Sumatra. The most striking example is the Sumatran
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pall-Gergely" authorityYear="2017" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Pincerna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pincerna yanseni" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="Yanseni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pincerna yanseni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the northern Vietnamese
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bavay &amp; Dautzenberg" authorityYear="1912" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus costulosus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="Costulosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Alycaeus costulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which both look so similar to Indian and Burmese species that it was challenging to find any differences between those two and the Indian and Burmese taxa. One of those &quot;extralimital
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cycloryx</emphasis>
&quot; is
<taxonomicName authorityName="Preston" authorityYear="1907" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus liratulus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="Liratulus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Alycaeus liratulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Preston, 1907, known from the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra, which has been placed in its own subgenus,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Preston" authorityYear="1907" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Pincerna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pincerna" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pincerna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Preston, 1907. Originally,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Preston" authorityYear="1907" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Pincerna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pincerna" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pincerna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was diagnosed on the basis of a &quot;circular cup&quot; on the outer surface of the operculum. The outer surface of operculum, however, has limited taxonomic value at the generic level in the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Blanford" authorityYear="1864" family="Alycaeidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Alycaeidae</taxonomicName>
, especially since the outer rings have evolved in multiple alycaeid genera (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kobelt &amp; Moellendorff" authorityYear="1900" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Dicharax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicharax" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dicharax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1900" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Metalycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metalycaeus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Metalycaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bollinger" authorityYear="1918" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Stomacosmethis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stomacosmethis" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stomacosmethis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; see this study and
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4331.1.1" author="Pall-Gergely, B" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 124" refId="B162" refString="Pall-Gergely, B, Hunyadi, A, Đỗ, ĐS, Naggs, F, Asami, T, 2017. Revision of the Alycaeidae of China, Laos and Vietnam (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea) I: The genera Dicharax and Metalycaeus. Zootaxa 4331 (1): 1 - 124, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4331.1.1" title="Revision of the Alycaeidae of China, Laos and Vietnam (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea) I: The genera Dicharax and Metalycaeus." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4331.1.1" volume="4331" year="2017">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páll-Gergely">Pall-Gergely</normalizedToken>
et al. 2017
</bibRefCitation>
). Moreover, the most similar species to
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. liratula" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="Liratula">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. liratula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. thieroti" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="Thieroti">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. thieroti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, lacks the circular cup on the outer surface of the operculum. Consequently, no important conchological characters distinguish
<taxonomicName authorityName="Goodwin-austen" authorityYear="1914" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Cycloryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cycloryx" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cycloryx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Preston" authorityYear="1907" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Pincerna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pincerna" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pincerna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and thus, they have been synonymised (
<bibRefCitation author="Pall-Gergely, B" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 219" publicationUrl="https://lkcnhm.nus.edu.sg/app/uploads/2017/04/65rbz213-219.pdf" refId="B155" refString="Pall-Gergely, B, 2017. A new species of Alycaeidae, Pincerna yanseni n. sp. from Sumatra, with the resurrection of the genus Pincerna Preston, 1907 (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 65: 213 - 219, https://lkcnhm.nus.edu.sg/app/uploads/2017/04/65rbz213-219.pdf" title="A new species of Alycaeidae, Pincerna yanseni n. sp. from Sumatra, with the resurrection of the genus Pincerna Preston, 1907 (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea)." url="https://lkcnhm.nus.edu.sg/app/uploads/2017/04/65rbz213-219.pdf" volume="65" year="2017">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páll-Gergely">Pall-Gergely</normalizedToken>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
). See also under Genus-level diversity (p. 13).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Preston" authorityYear="1907" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Pincerna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pincerna" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pincerna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is globular and sparsely ribbed,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bollinger" authorityYear="1918" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Stomacosmethis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stomacosmethis" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stomacosmethis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is triangular and densely ribbed.
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Tomlin" baseAuthorityYear="1948" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Stomacosmethis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stomacosmethis balingensis" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="Balingensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stomacosmethis balingensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is globular, but densely ribbed, forming a connection between the two genera, but the radula morphology unambiguously indicates its position within
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bollinger" authorityYear="1918" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Stomacosmethis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stomacosmethis" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stomacosmethis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We retain the two genera separate due to the unique radular morphology of all known
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bollinger" authorityYear="1918" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Stomacosmethis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stomacosmethis" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stomacosmethis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. Furthermore, there are many species with typical features of both respective genera. See also under
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Alycaeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(p. 17).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.981.53583.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/468685" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 40" startId="F40">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 40.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Preston" authorityYear="1907" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Pincerna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pincerna" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pincerna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Preston, 1907 (dark shaded area) and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bollinger" authorityYear="1918" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Stomacosmethis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stomacosmethis" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stomacosmethis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Bollinger, 1918 (light shaded area).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink