treatments-xml/data/D5/FF/A3/D5FFA3706B825660A2A4EB47A625A5B3.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c5e8d8c6-5c39-4852-b4e8-4c159d238ceb" ID-PMC="PMC8674213" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1076-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="B6244A2D5939579BA874312E77FE90DD" ID-PubMed="34975270" ID-ZooBank="0C7A4361C435404ABEC78C5869593B50" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1076-1" checkinTime="1639023534298" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Jiang, Li-Yun, Zhang, Xiao-Lu, Chen, Jing, Zhao, Yi-Fang &amp; Qiao, Ge-Xia" docDate="2021" docId="D5FFA3706B825660A2A4EB47A625A5B3" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1076: 1-8" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1076" docPubDate="2021-12-08" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802" docTitle="Neothelaxes pileata Qiao 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="FE1B5156-4669-4410-9703-85D3D33C1834" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="B6244A2D5939579BA874312E77FE90DD" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="B6244A2D5939579BA874312E77FE90DD" masterDocTitle="Neothelaxes pileata, a new species from China (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Aphididae, Thelaxinae)" masterLastPageNumber="8" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668151219558" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Neothelaxes pileata, a new species from China (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Aphididae, Thelaxinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Jiang, Li-Yun</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 - 5 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Zhang, Xiao-Lu</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 - 5 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China &amp; College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Chen, Jing</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 - 5 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Zhao, Yi-Fang</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 - 5 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Qiao, Ge-Xia</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 - 5 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China &amp; College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">qiaogx@ioz.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-12-08</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1076</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>8</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1076-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">0C7A4361C435404ABEC78C5869593B50</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">B6244A2D5939579BA874312E77FE90DD</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="191259135" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FE1B5156-4669-4410-9703-85D3D33C1834" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D5FFA3706B825660A2A4EB47A625A5B3" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/FE1B5156-4669-4410-9703-85D3D33C1834" authority="Qiao" authorityName="Qiao" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Neothelaxes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neothelaxes pileata" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pileata" status="sp. nov.">Neothelaxes pileata Qiao</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–11" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 11. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 1 dorsal view of head 2 antennal segments I-V 3 ultimate rostral segment 4 cephalic seta 5 mesosternal furca 6 marginal seta on abdominal tergite I 7 spinal seta on abdominal tergite VIII 8 siphunculi 9 cauda 10 anal plate 11 genital plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures1-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620357" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 1-11</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 12-22</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 23–28" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 23 - 28. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. First instar nymph: 23 dorsal view of body 24 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 25 antenna 26 ultimate rostral segment 27 hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 28 dorsal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergites V-VIII, showing cauda. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures23-28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620359" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 23-28</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2019-07-25" collectorName="No., X. L. Zhang." country="China" county="Motuo County" elevation="2678" latitude="29.697" location="Linzhi City" longLatPrecision="73" longitude="95.556" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tibet Autonomous Region" typeStatus="Holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: apterous viviparous female, 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: 
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Xizang">Tibet Autonomous Region</collectingRegion>
(
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D5FFA3706B825660A2A4EB47A625A5B3:95081E79F98478C2BB313E7B44581DA8" country="China" county="Motuo County" latitude="29.697" longLatPrecision="73" longitude="95.556" name="Linzhi City" stateProvince="Tibet Autonomous Region">Linzhi City</location>
: 
<collectingCounty>Motuo County</collectingCounty>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.697" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="29.697">29.697°N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="95.556" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="95.556">95.556°E</geoCoordinate>
, altitude 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.678" unit="m" value="2678.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.678" unit="m" value="2678.0">2678 m</elevation>
</quantity>
), 
<collectingDate value="2019-07-25">25 July 2019</collectingDate>
, 
<collectorName>No.</collectorName>
46755-1-1-1, 
<collectedFrom>
on 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" genus="Pilea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pilea martinii" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="martinii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pilea martinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
coll. 
<collectorName>X.L. Zhang.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-06-17" collectorName="No., M. Qin, X. L. Zhang." country="China" county="Motuo County" elevation="2678" latitude="29.697" location="Linzhi City" longLatPrecision="73" longitude="95.556" municipality="China" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tibet Autonomous Region" typeStatus="Paratypes">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: 2 apterous viviparous females and 3 first instar nymphs with the same collection data as the holotype; 1 apterous viviparous female, No. 46755-1-2, with the same collection data as the 
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
(NHMUK); 2 fourth instar apterous nymphs, 
<collectingMunicipality>China</collectingMunicipality>
: 
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Xizang">Tibet Autonomous Region</collectingRegion>
(
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D5FFA3706B825660A2A4EB47A625A5B3:C4AF070B8B8B141D71FC4383E77A4975" country="China" county="Motuo County" latitude="29.697" longLatPrecision="73" longitude="95.556" municipality="China" name="Linzhi City" stateProvince="Tibet Autonomous Region">Linzhi City</location>
: 
<collectingCounty>Motuo County</collectingCounty>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="29.697" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="29.697">29.697°N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="95.556" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="95.556">95.556°E</geoCoordinate>
, altitude 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.678" unit="m" value="2678.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.678" unit="m" value="2678.0">2678 m</elevation>
</quantity>
), 
<collectingDate value="2021-06-17">17 June 2021</collectingDate>
, 
<collectorName>No.</collectorName>
51097-1-1-1, 
<collectedFrom>
on 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" genus="Pilea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pilea martinii" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="martinii">Pilea martinii</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
coll. 
<collectorName>M. Qin</collectorName>
and 
<collectorName>X.L. Zhang.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The specific name 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Qiao" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Vitaceae" genus="Neothelaxes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neothelaxes pileata" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pileata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neothelaxes pileata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is an adjective based on the feminine generic name of the host plant.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Apterous viviparous female: Body small, oval (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 23–28" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 23 - 28. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. First instar nymph: 23 dorsal view of body 24 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 25 antenna 26 ultimate rostral segment 27 hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 28 dorsal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergites V-VIII, showing cauda. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures23-28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620359" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23</figureCitation>
). Adults light dirty green, or dirty yellowish green, nymphs yellowish green, covered with white waxy powder in life (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 23–28" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 23 - 28. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. First instar nymph: 23 dorsal view of body 24 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 25 antenna 26 ultimate rostral segment 27 hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 28 dorsal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergites V-VIII, showing cauda. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures23-28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620359" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23</figureCitation>
), and found in irregularly spherical galls on the leaves of the host plant. For morphometric data see Table 
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Morphometric data for apterous viviparous females of Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. (n = 4, with means in brackets), the measurements are given in mm." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/18E72E35ACE2102073E0CD21CC1F81D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="18E72E35ACE2102073E0CD21CC1F81D4">1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="18E72E35ACE2102073E0CD21CC1F81D4" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/18E72E35ACE2102073E0CD21CC1F81D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Table 1.</emphasis>
Morphometric data for apterous viviparous females of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Qiao" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Vitaceae" genus="Neothelaxes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neothelaxes pileata" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pileata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neothelaxes pileata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Qiao sp. nov. (n = 4, with means in brackets), the measurements are given in mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Characters</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Apterous viviparous females (n = 4)</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Body length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">1.260-1.320 (1.288)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Body width</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.820-0.940 (0.868)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Antenna</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.359-0.418 (0.397)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Antennal segment I</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.052-0.064 (0.058)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Antennal segment II</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.047-0.059 (0.053)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Antennal segment III</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.094-0.119 (0.110)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Antennal segment IV</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.054-0.062 (0.059)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Base of antennal segment V</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.082-0.092 (0.087)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Processus terminalis</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.027-0.035 (0.030)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Ultimate rostral segment</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.104-0.109 (0.105)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Hind femur</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.257-0.319 (0.284)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Hind tibia</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.270-0.324 (0.295)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Second hind tarsal segment</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.079-0.084 (0.082)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Siphunculus</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.012-0.022 (0.015)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Basal width of siphunculus</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.054-0.069 (0.058)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Distal width of siphunculus</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.025-0.027 (0.025)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Cauda</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.015-0.037 (0.030)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Basal width of cauda</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.099-0.109 (0.101)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Basal diameter of antennal segment III</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.020-0.025 (0.022)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Widest width of hind femur</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.054-0.057 (0.056)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Width of hind tibia at mid length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.032-0.040 (0.036)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Longest dorsal cephalic seta</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.017-0.022 (0.021)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Longest marginal seta on abdominal tergite I</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.012 (0.012)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Longest seta on abdominal tergite VIII</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.012-0.015 (0.014)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Longest seta on antennal segment III</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.010-0.020 (0.015)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Longest seta on hind tibia</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.020-0.027 (0.022)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="mounted specimens">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mounted specimens.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Body dorsum pale brown (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12</figureCitation>
). Antennae, legs, cauda, anal plate, and genital plate brown, siphunculi and apex of rostrum dark brown. Head to abdominal segment VII fused, sometimes with intersegmental boundary on spinal area between head and pronotum and pronotum and mesonotum, and on spino-pleural areas of abdominal tergites; abdominal segment VIII free (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12</figureCitation>
). Dorsal setae of body spine-like (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–11" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 11. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 1 dorsal view of head 2 antennal segments I-V 3 ultimate rostral segment 4 cephalic seta 5 mesosternal furca 6 marginal seta on abdominal tergite I 7 spinal seta on abdominal tergite VIII 8 siphunculi 9 cauda 10 anal plate 11 genital plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures1-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620357" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–11" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 11. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 1 dorsal view of head 2 antennal segments I-V 3 ultimate rostral segment 4 cephalic seta 5 mesosternal furca 6 marginal seta on abdominal tergite I 7 spinal seta on abdominal tergite VIII 8 siphunculi 9 cauda 10 anal plate 11 genital plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures1-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620357" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7</figureCitation>
). Wax plates large, with many minute wax pores (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17-19</figureCitation>
). Vertex with one pair of wax plates, pronotum to abdominal tergites I-VII each with one pair of spinal and one pair of marginal wax plates, tergite VIII with a spino-pleural wax plate (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17-19</figureCitation>
). Spiracles small and round, spiracular plates small and oval, brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Frons convex, eyes 3-faceted (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–11" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 11. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 1 dorsal view of head 2 antennal segments I-V 3 ultimate rostral segment 4 cephalic seta 5 mesosternal furca 6 marginal seta on abdominal tergite I 7 spinal seta on abdominal tergite VIII 8 siphunculi 9 cauda 10 anal plate 11 genital plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures1-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620357" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15</figureCitation>
). Head dorsum with indistinct median suture. Dorsal setae on head short, fine and pointed (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–11" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 11. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 1 dorsal view of head 2 antennal segments I-V 3 ultimate rostral segment 4 cephalic seta 5 mesosternal furca 6 marginal seta on abdominal tergite I 7 spinal seta on abdominal tergite VIII 8 siphunculi 9 cauda 10 anal plate 11 genital plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures1-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620357" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15</figureCitation>
). Cephalic setae with two pairs, head with one pair of posterior spinal setae and three pairs of marginal setae; cephalic setae 0.78-1.13 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
basal diameter of antennal segment III (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–11" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 11. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 1 dorsal view of head 2 antennal segments I-V 3 ultimate rostral segment 4 cephalic seta 5 mesosternal furca 6 marginal seta on abdominal tergite I 7 spinal seta on abdominal tergite VIII 8 siphunculi 9 cauda 10 anal plate 11 genital plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures1-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620357" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–11" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 11. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 1 dorsal view of head 2 antennal segments I-V 3 ultimate rostral segment 4 cephalic seta 5 mesosternal furca 6 marginal seta on abdominal tergite I 7 spinal seta on abdominal tergite VIII 8 siphunculi 9 cauda 10 anal plate 11 genital plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures1-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620357" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15</figureCitation>
). Eyes 3-faceted. Antennae 5-segmented (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–11" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 11. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 1 dorsal view of head 2 antennal segments I-V 3 ultimate rostral segment 4 cephalic seta 5 mesosternal furca 6 marginal seta on abdominal tergite I 7 spinal seta on abdominal tergite VIII 8 siphunculi 9 cauda 10 anal plate 11 genital plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures1-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620357" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13</figureCitation>
), segments III and IV with sparse spinulose imbrications, segment V with spinulose imbrications; 0.29-0.33 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
body; processus terminalis 0.30-0.40 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
base of the segment. Antennal setae sparse, very short and pointed; segments I-V with 2 or 3, 2, 1-4, 3, 2 setae, respectively; processus terminalis with five setae. Length of setae on segment III 0.50-0.80 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
basal diameter of the segment. Primary rhinaria ciliated (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–11" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 11. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 1 dorsal view of head 2 antennal segments I-V 3 ultimate rostral segment 4 cephalic seta 5 mesosternal furca 6 marginal seta on abdominal tergite I 7 spinal seta on abdominal tergite VIII 8 siphunculi 9 cauda 10 anal plate 11 genital plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures1-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620357" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13</figureCitation>
). Rostrum (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–11" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 11. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 1 dorsal view of head 2 antennal segments I-V 3 ultimate rostral segment 4 cephalic seta 5 mesosternal furca 6 marginal seta on abdominal tergite I 7 spinal seta on abdominal tergite VIII 8 siphunculi 9 cauda 10 anal plate 11 genital plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures1-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620357" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14</figureCitation>
) reaching mid-coxae; ultimate rostral segment elongate wedge-shaped, stout at apex, 2.50-3.14 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
its basal width, 1.18-1.33 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
second hind tarsal segment, with two pairs of primary setae and two accessory setae, accessory setae longer than primary setae.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures1-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620357" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figures 1–11" startId="F1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 1-11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Qiao" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Vitaceae" genus="Neothelaxes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neothelaxes pileata" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pileata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neothelaxes pileata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</emphasis>
dorsal view of head 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</emphasis>
antennal segments I-V 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3</emphasis>
ultimate rostral segment 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</emphasis>
cephalic seta 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5</emphasis>
mesosternal furca 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</emphasis>
marginal seta on abdominal tergite I 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7</emphasis>
spinal seta on abdominal tergite VIII 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8</emphasis>
siphunculi 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9</emphasis>
cauda 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">10</emphasis>
anal plate 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11</emphasis>
genital plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thorax</emphasis>
(Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12</figureCitation>
). Pronotum with one pair of posterior spinal setae and two pairs of marginal setae; meso- and metanotum each with two pairs of marginal setae. Mesosternal furca with two arms separated (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–11" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 11. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 1 dorsal view of head 2 antennal segments I-V 3 ultimate rostral segment 4 cephalic seta 5 mesosternal furca 6 marginal seta on abdominal tergite I 7 spinal seta on abdominal tergite VIII 8 siphunculi 9 cauda 10 anal plate 11 genital plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures1-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620357" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5</figureCitation>
). Legs normal. Femur and trochanter fused (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12</figureCitation>
); hind femur and trochanter 4.52-5.61 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
widest width of this segment; 2.41-2.74 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
antennal segment III. Distal 1/3 of tibiae slightly expanded, with spinulose transverse stripes (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16</figureCitation>
); hind tibia 0.21-0.25 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
body. Setae on legs fine and pointed, length of setae on hind tibiae 0.43-0.73 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
middle diameter of the segment. First tarsal segments spinulose, segment II with spinulose short stripes (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16</figureCitation>
). First tarsal chaetotaxy: 4, 4, 2 or 3.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figures 12–22" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 12-22.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Qiao" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Vitaceae" genus="Neothelaxes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neothelaxes pileata" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pileata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neothelaxes pileata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12</emphasis>
dorsal view of body 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13</emphasis>
antenna 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14</emphasis>
ultimate rostral segment 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15</emphasis>
dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16</emphasis>
distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17</emphasis>
marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">18</emphasis>
siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">19</emphasis>
spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">20</emphasis>
siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21</emphasis>
dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">22</emphasis>
cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12, 17</emphasis>
); 0.05 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13-16, 19-21</emphasis>
); 0.02 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">18, 22</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Abdomen</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Abdominal tergites with two or three pairs of spinal and one pair of marginal setae; tergite VII with one pair of spinal and one pair of marginal setae (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">19</figureCitation>
); tergite VIII with one pair of spinal and two pairs of marginal setae (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21</figureCitation>
). Length of marginal setae on tergite I 0.50-0.63 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
basal diameter of antennal segment III; dorsal setae on tergite VIII 0.56-0.75 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
basal diameter of antennal segment III. Siphunculi almost poriform (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–11" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 11. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 1 dorsal view of head 2 antennal segments I-V 3 ultimate rostral segment 4 cephalic seta 5 mesosternal furca 6 marginal seta on abdominal tergite I 7 spinal seta on abdominal tergite VIII 8 siphunculi 9 cauda 10 anal plate 11 genital plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures1-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620357" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">18</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">20</figureCitation>
), on tergite VI surrounded by three hair-like setae; 0.23-0.32 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
its basal width, 0.42-0.60 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
cauda. Cauda knob-shaped (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–11" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 11. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 1 dorsal view of head 2 antennal segments I-V 3 ultimate rostral segment 4 cephalic seta 5 mesosternal furca 6 marginal seta on abdominal tergite I 7 spinal seta on abdominal tergite VIII 8 siphunculi 9 cauda 10 anal plate 11 genital plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures1-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620357" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21-22</figureCitation>
), with spinulose short stripes; 0.27-0.38 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
its basal width, with six to eight long and short, finely pointed setae. Anal plate transversely oval (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–11" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 11. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 1 dorsal view of head 2 antennal segments I-V 3 ultimate rostral segment 4 cephalic seta 5 mesosternal furca 6 marginal seta on abdominal tergite I 7 spinal seta on abdominal tergite VIII 8 siphunculi 9 cauda 10 anal plate 11 genital plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures1-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620357" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">10</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21-22</figureCitation>
), indistinctly bilobed, with spinulose short stripes. Genital plate (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–11" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 11. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 1 dorsal view of head 2 antennal segments I-V 3 ultimate rostral segment 4 cephalic seta 5 mesosternal furca 6 marginal seta on abdominal tergite I 7 spinal seta on abdominal tergite VIII 8 siphunculi 9 cauda 10 anal plate 11 genital plate. Scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures1-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620357" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. Apterous viviparous female: 12 dorsal view of body 13 antenna 14 ultimate rostral segment 15 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 16 distal part of hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 17 marginal setae and marginal waxy plates on abdominal tergites II-V 18 siphunculus and marginal setae and marginal waxy plate on abdominal tergite V 19 spinal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergite VII 20 siphunculus and dorsal view of abdominal tergites VI-VIII 21 dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII, cauda, and anal plate 22 cauda, anal plate and genital plate. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (12, 17); 0.05 mm (13 - 16, 19 - 21); 0.02 mm (18, 22)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620358" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">22</figureCitation>
) transverse oval, with sparse spinulose transverse lines; with two anterior setae and seven or eight posterior setae. Two gonapophyses, each with five shorter and pointed gonosetae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">First instar nymph</emphasis>
: Body oval, pale when macerated. Head and pronotum fused (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 23–28" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 23 - 28. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. First instar nymph: 23 dorsal view of body 24 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 25 antenna 26 ultimate rostral segment 27 hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 28 dorsal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergites V-VIII, showing cauda. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures23-28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620359" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23</figureCitation>
). Vertex arc-shaped, head dorsum smooth, with distinct median suture (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 23–28" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 23 - 28. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. First instar nymph: 23 dorsal view of body 24 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 25 antenna 26 ultimate rostral segment 27 hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 28 dorsal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergites V-VIII, showing cauda. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures23-28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620359" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">24</figureCitation>
). Dorsal setae on head short and pointed, head with one pair of cephalic setae, two pairs of setae between antennae, three pairs of marginal setae and one pair of anterior spinal setae between eyes; length of cephalic setae 0.83 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
basal diameter of segment III. Eye 3-faceted. Antennae 5-segmented (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 23–28" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 23 - 28. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. First instar nymph: 23 dorsal view of body 24 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 25 antenna 26 ultimate rostral segment 27 hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 28 dorsal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergites V-VIII, showing cauda. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures23-28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620359" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25</figureCitation>
), segments I-IV smooth, segment V with spinulose imbrications; antennal setae slightly long and pointed, segments I-V each with 2, 2, 0, 2-3, 2+5 setae, respectively; length of setae on segment IV 1.0 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
basal diameter of antennal segment III; segment III 0.032 mm, respective length in proportion of segments I-V as follows: 100, 100, 100, 77, 154+77; processus terminalis 0.50 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
base of the segment. Primary rhinaria round and ciliated. Rostrum reaching abdominal segment IV; ultimate rostral segment elongate wedge-shaped (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 23–28" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 23 - 28. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. First instar nymph: 23 dorsal view of body 24 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 25 antenna 26 ultimate rostral segment 27 hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 28 dorsal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergites V-VIII, showing cauda. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures23-28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620359" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26</figureCitation>
), 2.82 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
its basal width, 1.35 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
hind second tarsal segment; with one pair of accessory setae and two pairs of primary setae. Dorsal setae of thorax and abdomen spine-like, similar to adults. Thorax dorsum each with one pair of spinal and one pair of marginal wax plates, respectively. Pronotum with one pair of spinal and one pair of marginal setae, mesonotum and metanotum each with one pair of spinal, one pair of pleural and two pairs of marginal setae. Trochanter fused with femur. Distal half of tibiae and tarsi with spinulose stripes, the other half of tibiae smooth (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 23–28" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 23 - 28. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. First instar nymph: 23 dorsal view of body 24 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 25 antenna 26 ultimate rostral segment 27 hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 28 dorsal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergites V-VIII, showing cauda. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures23-28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620359" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27</figureCitation>
). First tarsal chaetotaxy: 2, 2, 2. Abdominal tergites I-VII each with one pair of spinal and one pair of marginal wax plates (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 23–28" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 23 - 28. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. First instar nymph: 23 dorsal view of body 24 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 25 antenna 26 ultimate rostral segment 27 hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 28 dorsal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergites V-VIII, showing cauda. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures23-28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620359" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28</figureCitation>
); tergite VIII covered with wax plate (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 23–28" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 23 - 28. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. First instar nymph: 23 dorsal view of body 24 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 25 antenna 26 ultimate rostral segment 27 hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 28 dorsal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergites V-VIII, showing cauda. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures23-28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620359" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28</figureCitation>
). Abdominal tergites I-VII each with one pair of spinal and one pair of marginal setae (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 23–28" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 23 - 28. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. First instar nymph: 23 dorsal view of body 24 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 25 antenna 26 ultimate rostral segment 27 hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 28 dorsal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergites V-VIII, showing cauda. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures23-28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620359" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28</figureCitation>
); tergite VIII with two dorsal setae (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 23–28" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 23 - 28. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. First instar nymph: 23 dorsal view of body 24 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 25 antenna 26 ultimate rostral segment 27 hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 28 dorsal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergites V-VIII, showing cauda. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures23-28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620359" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28</figureCitation>
); length of marginal setae on tergite I and dorsal setae on tergite VIII 0.83 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
and 0.33 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
basal width of antennal segment III, respectively. Siphunculi invisible. Cauda circular at apex, with two setae (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 23–28" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 23 - 28. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. First instar nymph: 23 dorsal view of body 24 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 25 antenna 26 ultimate rostral segment 27 hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 28 dorsal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergites V-VIII, showing cauda. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures23-28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620359" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28</figureCitation>
). Anal plate broadly circular, with four setae (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 23–28" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 23 - 28. Neothelaxes pileata Qiao sp. nov. First instar nymph: 23 dorsal view of body 24 dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 25 antenna 26 ultimate rostral segment 27 hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 28 dorsal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergites V-VIII, showing cauda. Scale bars: 0.10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures23-28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620359" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23</figureCitation>
). Cauda and anal plate with spinules.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1076.72802.figures23-28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/620359" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figures 23–28" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 23-28.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Qiao" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Vitaceae" genus="Neothelaxes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neothelaxes pileata" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pileata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neothelaxes pileata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Qiao sp. nov. First instar nymph: 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23</emphasis>
dorsal view of body 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">24</emphasis>
dorsal view of head, with antennal segments I-II and dorsal setae 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25</emphasis>
antenna 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26</emphasis>
ultimate rostral segment 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27</emphasis>
hind tibia and hind tarsal segment 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28</emphasis>
dorsal setae and waxy plates on abdominal tergites V-VIII, showing cauda. Scale bars: 0.10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName genus="Embryo" lsidName="Embryo" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Embryo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(in an aptera)
</emphasis>
: Eye 3-faceted. Antenna 5-segmented, segments I-IV smooth, segment V with spinulose imbrications. Frontal setae hair-like, the remainder of dorsal body setae stout, acute, almost spine-like. Vertex on each side with three anterior and two posterior setae. Pronotum with three pairs of marginal and one pair of spinal setae, anterior spinal setae missing. Meso- and metanotum each with two pairs of marginal, one pair of spinal, and one pair of pleural setae. Abdominal tergites I-VII each with one pair of spinal and one pair of marginal setae; tergite VIII with one pair of dorsal setae. Siphunculi hardly visible. Antennal segments I-IV with 2, 2, 0, 2 or 3 and 2+4 setae, respectively.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="host">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Host plant.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" genus="Pilea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pilea martinii" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="martinii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pilea martinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(H. Lev.) Hand-Mazz. (
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Urticaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The specimens were found within an irregularly spherical gall on the leaves. Compared to the other two species in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chakrabarti &amp; Quednau" authorityYear="1996" class="Insecta" family="Vitaceae" genus="Neothelaxes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neothelaxes" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neothelaxes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which are not known to form galls, the biology of this new species is unusual, interesting, but less well known.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
According to some morphological features-3-faceted eye in apterae; fused head and thorax; 5-segmented antenna; processus terminalis shorter than base of the segment; antennal segment V, tarsi, and apices of tibiae spiculose; siphunculi poriform and surrounded by setae; cauda knob-shaped-the new species is regarded as belonging to the subfamily 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1920" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Thelaxinae">Thelaxinae</taxonomicName>
. This new species is similar to those of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chakrabarti &amp; Quednau" authorityYear="1996" class="Insecta" family="Vitaceae" genus="Neothelaxes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neothelaxes" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neothelaxes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on dorsum of body with waxy plates, dorsal body setae short and spine-like, and primary rhinaria ciliated. However, it differs from the type species of the genus, 
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. viticola" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="viticola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. viticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as follows: first tarsal segment chaetotaxy: 4, 4, 2 or 3 (in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. viticola" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="viticola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. viticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
first tarsal segments with 5-5-7 setae); dorsum of body pale brown, without distinct sclerites (in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. viticola" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="viticola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. viticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vertex and spinal, marginal, and pleural sclerites of body dorsum distinct); antennae at most 1/3 of body length (in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. viticola" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="viticola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. viticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
1/2 of body length); antennae of embryo 5-segmented (in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. viticola" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="viticola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. viticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
4-segmented); infesting plants of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" genus="Pilea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pilea" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pilea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Urticaceae</taxonomicName>
) (
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. viticola" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="viticola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. viticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
infests the genus 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Parthenocissus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Parthenocissus" order="Vitales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Parthenocissus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Vitales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Vitaceae</taxonomicName>
)).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Of the four known genera of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1920" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Thelaxinae">Thelaxinae</taxonomicName>
(sensu 
<bibRefCitation author="Remaudiere, G" journalOrPublisher=")" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="93 - 104" refId="B5" refString="Remaudiere, G, Stroyan, HLG, 1984. Un Tamalia nouveau de Californie (U.S.A.). Discussion sur les Tamaliinae subfam. nov. (Hom. Aphididae). Les Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (N.S.) 20: 93 - 104" title="Un Tamalia nouveau de Californie (U. S. A.). Discussion sur les Tamaliinae subfam. nov. (Hom. Aphididae). Les Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France (N. S." volume="20" year="1984">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Remaudière">Remaudiere</normalizedToken>
and Stroyan 1984
</bibRefCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1840" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Thelaxes" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thelaxes" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thelaxes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1856" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Glyphina" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glyphina" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Glyphina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Takahashi" authorityYear="1924" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Kurisakia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Kurisakia" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Kurisakia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are associated with woody trees (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Takahashi" authorityYear="1924" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Takahashi" authorityYear="1924" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Betulaceae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Takahashi" authorityYear="1924" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Juglandaceae</taxonomicName>
), wheras 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chakrabarti &amp; Quednau" authorityYear="1996" class="Insecta" family="Vitaceae" genus="Neothelaxes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neothelaxes" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neothelaxes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known only from climbing woody rattan (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chakrabarti &amp; Quednau" authorityYear="1996" family="Vitaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Vitaceae</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Vitaceae" genus="Parthenocissus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Parthenocissus" order="Vitales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Parthenocissus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (Chakrabarti &amp; Quednau, 1996). No species of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1920" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Thelaxinae">Thelaxinae</taxonomicName>
was previously known to live in galls. The new species is associated with an herbaceous plant and was found in leaf galls. These traits are very different from those of other species of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1920" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Thelaxinae">Thelaxinae</taxonomicName>
. The association with the galls is unusual and needs further confirmation from a full colony of aphids in a gall.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
In view of the present findings on its host association and gall inducing nature as well as several other characters, the new species is placed in the genus 
<taxonomicName genus="Neothelexes" lsidName="Neothelexes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neothelexes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Further surveying and research on its biology, for example the rearing of additional adults (especially alatae) from additional galls, will be necessary to elucidate the appropriate taxonomic placement of the new species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>