138 lines
15 KiB
XML
138 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document id="8BDA14F5C05B4B84EA0D6CAB05508EF3" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4231.2.8SLASH10077" ID-CLB-Dataset="36575" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4231.2.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a403f280-566f-4916-af41-76f33667d618" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="291382" ID-ZooBank="963BC9C2-BDD0-4F07-9343-8A567B3CE513" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1486717679530" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Anichtchenko, Alexander" docDate="2017" docId="A55B87E1913AFFE225FDF9FB484A9D68" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4231.2.8SLASH10077.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4231 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Singilis (Singilis) soror Rambur 1837" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="267" masterDocId="5962FF999138FFE1256AFF9C4C1C9F08" masterDocTitle="Review of the genus Singilis Rambur, 1837 of North Africa and Iberian Peninsula (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Lebiini)" masterLastPageNumber="272" masterPageNumber="264" pageNumber="266" updateTime="1698436799005" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="17E1594B70B897AB7B1F6B0D947C8E35">Review of the genus Singilis Rambur, 1837 of North Africa and Iberian Peninsula (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Lebiini)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="4FFF331842632B408D725CBE463295C9" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D337F307D135A532DAD81B7DFDEF610D">Anichtchenko, Alexander</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="6EB5DD49ECED5B9C9592D30B377D1452">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="5F9FA9A9CB0A8A4626EDC085BFC3088E">
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<mods:date id="A22038EFE7E7A4707AA2B07D3A9EA346">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A86839BA8FF3CE746EA75136ED9BCE2F">4231</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="14A31E87FF74ED10CDF1DAEF522C57D0">2</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="8D6A703D394A365F5806690D34F307C0" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4231.2.8</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A55B87E1913AFFE225FDF9FB484A9D68" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6044465" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127694676" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6044465" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A55B87E1913AFFE225FDF9FB484A9D68" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A55B87E1913AFFE225FDF9FB484A9D68" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="267" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">
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<subSubSection id="65E8657C913AFFE325FDF9FB4D34985F" pageId="2" pageNumber="266" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="2D4D36F7913AFFE325FDF9FB4E7B998A" blockId="2.[151,615,1639,1666]" box="[151,615,1639,1666]" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">
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<heading id="7605819B913AFFE325FDF9FB4E7B998A" bold="true" box="[151,615,1639,1666]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="266" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="EAF24D74913AFFE325FDF9FB4E7B998A" ID-CoL="6Z3GN" authority="Rambur, 1837" authorityName="Rambur" authorityYear="1837" box="[151,615,1639,1666]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Singilis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="266" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="soror" subGenus="Singilis">
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<emphasis id="1F86EAE5913AFFE325FDF9FB4E7B998A" bold="true" box="[151,615,1639,1666]" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">
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<emphasis id="1F86EAE5913AFFE325FDF9FB4DB29989" bold="true" box="[151,430,1639,1665]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">Singilis (Singilis) soror</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="49634B06913AFFE324DCF9F44E7B998A" author="Rambur" box="[438,615,1640,1666]" pageId="2" pageNumber="266" refString="Rambur, J. P. (1837) 1 er partie. In: Faune entomologique de l'Andalousie. Uol. I. A. Bertrand, Paris, pp. 1 - 80." type="book chapter" year="1837">Rambur, 1837</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2D4D36F7913AFFE325FDF9324D34985F" blockId="2.[151,1436,1710,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">
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167 specimens of this complicated and variable species have been studied. At this stage of knowledge, I decided to leave a number of taxa as subspecies of one polymorphic species. The decisive argument was the shape of aedeagus. The species
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<taxonomicName id="EAF24D74913AFFE324F5F96B4E129807" box="[415,526,1782,1807]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Singilis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="266" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
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<emphasis id="1F86EAE5913AFFE324F5F96B4E129807" box="[415,526,1782,1807]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">S. bicolor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="EAF24D74913AFFE32721F96B4EC89807" box="[587,724,1782,1807]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Singilis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="266" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alternans">
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<emphasis id="1F86EAE5913AFFE32721F96B4EC89807" box="[587,724,1782,1807]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">S. alternans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, although similar, still have slight differences in its structure, while the aedeagus of members of the
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<taxonomicName id="EAF24D74913AFFE3270CF8874EDE983B" box="[614,706,1819,1843]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Singilis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="266" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="soror">
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<emphasis id="1F86EAE5913AFFE3270CF8874EDE983B" box="[614,706,1819,1843]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">S. soror</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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-group of taxa is almost identical. With regard to the external morphology:
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="65E8657C913AFFE225ADF8FE484A9D68" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="267" pageId="2" pageNumber="266" type="description">
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<paragraph id="2D4D36F7913AFFE225ADF8FE48FD9FF0" blockId="2.[151,1436,1710,2023]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,608]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="267" pageId="2" pageNumber="266">
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The length of pubescence on the elytra is quite stable in small populations, but are known transitional forms from the intermediate areas of distribution. Moreover, I observed that the length of pubescence may differ slightly between specimens collected in one year, from those collected in the same place years later. This suggests that their length may vary depending on abiotic factors. It is interesting that the species with the longest hairs are known in the wet coastal zone. The same is observed among species of
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<taxonomicName id="EAF24D74913BFFE2260FFF054FE29FB8" box="[869,1022,153,176]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trymosternus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="1F86EAE5913BFFE2260FFF054FE29FB8" box="[869,1022,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">Trymosternus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="EAF24D74913BFFE2217BFF0549669FB8" authority="Chaudoir, 1873" authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1873" box="[1041,1402,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trymosternus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="refleximargo">
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<emphasis id="1F86EAE5913BFFE2217BFF0548A19FB8" box="[1041,1213,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">T. refleximargo</emphasis>
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Chaudoir, 1873
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="EAF24D74913BFFE220EDFF054DAC9FDC" authority="Rambur, 1837" authorityName="Rambur" authorityYear="1837" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trymosternus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatus">
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<emphasis id="1F86EAE5913BFFE220EDFF054D1D9FDC" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">T. truncatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="49634B06913BFFE22466FF204DAC9FDC" author="Rambur" box="[268,432,188,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="267" refString="Rambur, J. P. (1837) 1 er partie. In: Faune entomologique de l'Andalousie. Uol. I. A. Bertrand, Paris, pp. 1 - 80." type="book chapter" year="1837">Rambur, 1837</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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) as well as in
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<taxonomicName id="EAF24D74913BFFE2270EFF2148D59FDC" authority="Wrase, 1993" authorityName="Wrase" authorityYear="1993" box="[612,1225,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Eocarterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amicorum" subGenus="Baeticocarterus">
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<emphasis id="1F86EAE5913BFFE2270EFF214EFC9FDC" box="[612,736,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">Eocarterus</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="1F86EAE5913BFFE2279FFF214FB49FDC" box="[757,936,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">Baeticocarterus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="1F86EAE5913BFFE226D6FF2148329FDC" box="[956,1070,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">amicorum</emphasis>
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Wrase, 1993
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</taxonomicName>
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where there exist populations with length of hairs that seem to show a transition to
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<taxonomicName id="EAF24D74913BFFE22619FF7D48C19FF0" authority="Rambur, 1837" authorityName="Rambur" authorityYear="1837" box="[883,1245,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Eocarterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baeticus" subGenus="Baeticocarterus">
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<emphasis id="1F86EAE5913BFFE22619FF7D4F989FF0" box="[883,900,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">E</emphasis>
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. (
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<emphasis id="1F86EAE5913BFFE226F6FF7D4FB19FF0" box="[924,941,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">B</emphasis>
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.)
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<emphasis id="1F86EAE5913BFFE226AEFF43483D9FF0" box="[964,1057,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">baeticus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="49634B06913BFFE2215AFF4348C99FF0" author="Rambur" box="[1072,1237,223,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="267" refString="Rambur, J. P. (1837) 1 er partie. In: Faune entomologique de l'Andalousie. Uol. I. A. Bertrand, Paris, pp. 1 - 80." type="book chapter" year="1837">Rambur, 1837</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2D4D36F7913BFFE225ADFE984FC19EA5" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">
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The typical coloration of the head is blackish, with a red occiput and neck, but specimens with almost entirely black head often occur. The coloration of pronotum and legs varies from red to black. The typical elytral pattern shows an anterior third of elytra with a red transverse band, but some specimens have small reddish spots at the apex of the elytra. The colour form with completely red apical third of the elytra is described as subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="EAF24D74913BFFE2202EFEEC4CED9EA4" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Singilis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="soror" subSpecies="riffensis">
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<emphasis id="1F86EAE5913BFFE2202EFEEC4CED9EA4" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">S. soror riffensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="1F86EAE5913BFFE22592FE084D509EA5" bold="true" box="[248,332,404,429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="04B5579E913BFFE22592FE084D5A9EA5" box="[248,326,404,429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">syn. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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,
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</emphasis>
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despite the fact that it lives together with the typical form.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2D4D36F7913BFFE225ADFE2B48C49EFC" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">The convexity of elytral intervals is a relatively stable character within each population, but there are many transitions among populations. The intervals appear to be flatter in populations from west to east.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2D4D36F7913BFFE225ADFE634E2F9D35" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">
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The body size is slightly variable,
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<quantity id="EA0A9B12913BFFE22735FD9C4EF19D1F" box="[607,749,512,536]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" metricValueMax="4.7" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="267" unit="mm" value="4.2" valueMax="4.7" valueMin="3.7">3.7–4.7 mm</quantity>
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. Usually it is largest in form
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<taxonomicName id="EAF24D74913BFFE22126FD9C49119D10" box="[1100,1293,512,536]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Singilis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="soror" subSpecies="riffensis">
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<emphasis id="1F86EAE5913BFFE22126FD9C49119D10" box="[1100,1293,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">S. soror riffensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="04B5579E913BFFE22072FE6349759D10" box="[1304,1385,511,536]" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">
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<emphasis id="1F86EAE5913BFFE22072FE6349759D10" bold="true" box="[1304,1385,511,536]" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">syn. n.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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and smallest in
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<taxonomicName id="EAF24D74913BFFE2247CFDB94DFE9D34" box="[278,482,549,572]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Singilis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="soror" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="oranensis">
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<emphasis id="1F86EAE5913BFFE2247CFDB94DFE9D34" box="[278,482,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">S. soror oranensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="04B5579E913BFFE22483FDB84E2F9D35" box="[489,563,548,573]" pageId="3" pageNumber="267" rank="subSpecies">
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<emphasis id="1F86EAE5913BFFE22483FDB84E2F9D35" bold="true" box="[489,563,548,573]" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">ssp. n.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2D4D36F7913BFFE225ADFDDB484A9D68" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,608]" box="[199,1110,583,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="267">Differences in the structure of the lower part of the body have not been observed.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |