332 lines
30 KiB
XML
332 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.73.e94265" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2625-8498-73-161" ID-Pensoft-UUID="37A21A62E56A5A9C9EA1071C70179145" ID-ZooBank="3AE8332737644420A599FF9359B74099" ModsDocID="2625-8498-73-161" checkinTime="1676378587082" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Moreno-Arias, Rafael A., Mendez-Galeano, Miguel A., Beltran, Ivan & Vargas-Ramirez, Mario" docDate="2023" docId="9402A1C9DCD75113B82CAB2E9F55FB54" docLanguage="en" docName="VertZool 73: 161-188" docOrigin="Vertebrate Zoology 73" docPubDate="2023-02-14" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.73.e94265" docTitle="Anolis tequendama Moreno-Arias & Méndez-Galeano & Beltrán & Vargas-Ramírez 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="2B827F96-8720-4715-88A9-43C9AB9A4CB5" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="37A21A62E56A5A9C9EA1071C70179145" lastPageNumber="161" masterDocId="37A21A62E56A5A9C9EA1071C70179145" masterDocTitle="Revealing anole diversity in the highlands of the Northern Andes: New and resurrected species of the Anolis heterodermus species group" masterLastPageNumber="188" masterPageNumber="161" pageNumber="161" updateTime="1676378587082" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revealing anole diversity in the highlands of the Northern Andes: New and resurrected species of the Anolis heterodermus species group</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Moreno-Arias, Rafael A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1428-9709</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Departamento de Ecologia y Territorio, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota D. C., Colombia & Grupo de Morfologia y Ecologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota D. C., Colombia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">rafamorearias@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mendez-Galeano, Miguel A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Grupo de Morfologia y Ecologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota D. C., Colombia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Beltran, Ivan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4439-8391</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Grupo de Ecofisiologia del Comportamiento y Herpetologia (GECOH), Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogota D. C., Colombia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Vargas-Ramirez, Mario</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Estacion de Biologia Tropical Roberto Franco (EBTRF), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Villavicencio, Colombia & Grupo de Morfologia y Ecologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota D. C., Colombia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Vertebrate Zoology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-02-14</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>73</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>161</mods:start>
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<mods:end>188</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.73.e94265</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.73.e94265</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2625-8498-73-161</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3AE8332737644420A599FF9359B74099</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">37A21A62E56A5A9C9EA1071C70179145</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2B827F96-8720-4715-88A9-43C9AB9A4CB5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9402A1C9DCD75113B82CAB2E9F55FB54" lastPageNumber="161" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<taxonomicName LSID="https:// zoobank.org/2B827F96-8720-4715-88A9-43C9AB9A4CB5" authority="Moreno-Arias & Méndez-Galeano & Beltrán & Vargas-Ramírez, 2023" authorityName="Moreno-Arias & Méndez-Galeano & Beltrán & Vargas-Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" class="Squamata" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anolis tequendama" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tequendama" status="sp. nov.">Anolis tequendama</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="161">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<taxonomicName authority="Moreno-Arias & Méndez-Galeano & Beltrán & Vargas-Ramírez, 2023" authorityName="Moreno-Arias & Méndez-Galeano & Beltrán & Vargas-Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" class="Squamata" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anolis heterodermus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heterodermus" status="sp. nov.">Anolis heterodermus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3099/0027-4100-160.7.345" author="Castaneda, MR" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of New England Zoological Club" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" refId="B6" refString="Castaneda, MR, de Queiroz, K, 2013. Phylogeny of the Dactyloa clade of Anolis lizards: New insights from combining morphological and molecular data. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 160: 345-398. https://doi.org/10.3099/0027-4100-160.7.345" title="Phylogeny of the Dactyloa clade of Anolis lizards: New insights from combining morphological and molecular data. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 160: 345 - 398." url="https://doi.org/10.3099/0027-4100-160.7.345" year="2013">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Castañeda">Castaneda</normalizedToken>
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and de Queiroz (2013)
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</bibRefCitation>
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supplementary material. [ICN 10609]
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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ICN 4548. Adult male with everted hemipenis, dewlap present, enlarged postanal scales. From the
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Vereda</emphasis>
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Sabaneta, San Francisco municipality, Cundinamarca department, Colombia (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4.891173" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="4.891173">4.891173°N</geoCoordinate>
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-
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<geoCoordinate degrees="74.289925" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-74.289925">74.289925°W</geoCoordinate>
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, 2850 m), collected by Henry
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Zuñiga">Zuniga</normalizedToken>
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and Jane R.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Rodríguez">Rodriguez</normalizedToken>
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in 1981.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="paratypes">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Paratypes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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ICN 4546 and 4547 adult male and female, respectively from the same locality data of the holotype, collected by Jose Vicente Rueda in 1981. ICN 5734 adult female from Cueva Grande hill From the Vereda Sabaneta, San Francisco municipality, Cundinamarca department, Colombia, collected by Henry
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Zúñiga">Zuniga</normalizedToken>
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in 1981. ICN-1499 adult male from the Vereda de Fute, Las Mercedes,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bojacá">Bojaca</normalizedToken>
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municipality, Cundinamarca department, Colombia (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4.616388" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="4.616388">4.616388°N</geoCoordinate>
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-
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<geoCoordinate degrees="74.281944" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-74.281944">74.281944°W</geoCoordinate>
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, 2600 m), collected by J. Hernandez-Camacho in 1962. ICN 5765 (adult female) from Laguna de Pedro Palo, Tena municipality, Cundinamarca department, Colombia (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4.683888" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="4.683888">4.683888°N</geoCoordinate>
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-
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<geoCoordinate degrees="74.387222" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-74.38722">74.387222°W</geoCoordinate>
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, 2050 m), collected by Oscar Pinto in 1981. ICN 9688 (adult female) from Barro Colorado, La
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Agüadita">Agueadita</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Fusagasugá">Fusagasuga</normalizedToken>
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municipality, Cundinamarca department, Colombia (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4.388888" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="4.388888">4.388888°N</geoCoordinate>
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-
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<geoCoordinate degrees="74.334444" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-74.33444">74.334444°W</geoCoordinate>
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, 1800 m), collected by D. Rivera in 1990. ICN 10609 (adult male) from Granjas del Padre Luna, Alban municipality, Cundinamarca department, Colombia (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4.899133" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="4.899133">4.899133°N</geoCoordinate>
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-
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<geoCoordinate degrees="74.424122" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-74.424126">74.424122°W</geoCoordinate>
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, 2090 m), collected by John D. Lynch in 1985.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Moreno-Arias & Méndez-Galeano & Beltrán & Vargas-Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" class="Squamata" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anolis tequendama" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tequendama">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Anolis tequendama</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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shares short limbs, a large casqued head, a prehensile tail without caudal autotomy, and lamellar subdigital scales of all digits extending from the most proximal phalanges with the other species of the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Barbour" authorityYear="1920" class="Squamata" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Phenacosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phenacosaurus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Phenacosaurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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clade.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Moreno-Arias & Méndez-Galeano & Beltrán & Vargas-Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" class="Squamata" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anolis tequendama" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tequendama">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Anolis tequendama</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. proboscis" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="proboscis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. proboscis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. orcesi" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="orcesi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. orcesi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. euskalerriari" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="euskalerriari">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. euskalerriari</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. nicefori" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="nicefori">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. nicefori</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by its strongly heterogeneous dorsal scalation.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Moreno-Arias & Méndez-Galeano & Beltrán & Vargas-Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" class="Squamata" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anolis tequendama" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tequendama">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Anolis tequendama</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. nicefori" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="nicefori">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. nicefori</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the presence of granular scales surrounding dorsal heterogeneous flat scales.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. tequendama" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="tequendama">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. tequendama</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. heterodermus" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="heterodermus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. heterodermus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. richteri" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="richteri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. richteri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. tetarii" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="tetarii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. tetarii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. inderenae" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="inderenae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. inderenae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. vanzolinii" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="vanzolinii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. vanzolinii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. quimbaya" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="quimbaya">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. quimbaya</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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by a male dewlap colour uniformly brown or brown bluish.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Moreno-Arias & Méndez-Galeano & Beltrán & Vargas-Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" class="Squamata" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anolis tequendama" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tequendama">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Anolis tequendama</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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further differs from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. inderenae" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="inderenae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. inderenae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. heterodermus" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="heterodermus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. heterodermus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. richteri" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="richteri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. richteri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. tetarii" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="tetarii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. tetarii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the presence of a discontinuous nuchal crest, from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. heterodermus" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="heterodermus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. heterodermus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. inderenae" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="inderenae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. inderenae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the presence of a continuous row of enlarged sublabials that do not reach the mouth commissure; from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. heterodermus" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="heterodermus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. heterodermus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by a V-shaped crown; and from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. vanzolinii" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="vanzolinii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. vanzolinii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by <24 expanded lamellae under second and third phalange of fourth toe and <35 lamellae in total fourth toe.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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The specific epithet is used as a noun in apposition. The name refers to the Tequendama Falls, a popular waterfall near
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bogotá">Bogota</normalizedToken>
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that is part of the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bogotá">Bogota</normalizedToken>
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River and has cosmological importance for the Muisca indigenous people; inhabitants of the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bogotá">Bogota</normalizedToken>
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Plateau. In the Muisca language (called "
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Muysccubun</emphasis>
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"), Tequendama means "he who precipitates downward", referring to the waterfall.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="common name">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Common name.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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Tequendama anole [English].
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Moreno-Arias & Méndez-Galeano & Beltrán & Vargas-Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" class="Squamata" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anolis tequendama" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tequendama">Anolis tequendama</taxonomicName>
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[Spanish]
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">External description of holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Snout-vent length = 76.8 mm; head length = 23.4 mm; head width = 11.3 mm; femoral length = 14.6 mm; ear height = 1.2 mm; tail length = 97.1 mm; fourth toe length = 10.3 mm. Dorsal head and supraocular disc scales either rough; frontal depression present; dorsal surface of rostral scale smooth, not notched; five scales across the snout between second canthals; supraorbital semicircles distinct, in contact; no scales separate interparietal and supraorbital semicircles; V-shaped crown; supraocular disc one to three enlarged scales, scales along the medial edge of the supraocular disc broken by larger scales that contact the supraorbital semicircles; one or two elongated supraciliary scales, followed by a series of small scales; two loreal rows; seven total loreals; circumnasal scale no contacts sulcus between rostral and first supralabials, one scale from the naris to the rostral; preoccipital absent; nine supralabials to center of eye; ten infralabials to center of eye; four postrostrals excluding first supralabials; five postmentals excluding first infralabials; mental completely divided posteriorly, extends posterolaterally along with the lateral limits of the rostral, with posterior border in a straight line transverse to head; five sublabials enlarged in contact with infralabials; a row of enlarged sublabials reaching the mouth commissure absent, row of enlarged sublabials beyond posteriorly to a line just below the first canthal absent; dewlap present, not reaching posterior to axillae; rows of single scales on dewlap; tubelike axillary pocket absent; enlarged postcloacal scales. Nuchal and caudal crests present; nuchal crest discontinuous. Dorsal crest to base of tail; dorsal crest discontinuous; one enlarged middorsal row; dorsal scales heterogeneous and smooth; three rows of scales between middorsal crest and the beginning of dorsal flat scales surrounded entirely by granules; size of the flat dorsal scales in HW 1-1-1; six longitudinal dorsal scales in the fifth scale row in 10% of SVL. Ventral scales smooth, slightly overlapped, and rounded apices, in transverse rows; thirteen longitudinal ventral scales in 10% of SVL. Supradigitals smooth; toepads expanded and overlap the first phalanx; twenty expanded lamellae under second and third phalanges of fourth toe; tail crest with a single row of scales.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="paratypes variation">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Paratypes variation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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Snout-vent length = 61.3-79.9 mm (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">N</emphasis>
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= 7, mean = 66.8 mm, SD = 9.2 mm); head length = 19.4-24.3 mm; head width = 9.4-12.9 mm; femoral length = 10.0-12.7 mm; ear height = 0.8-1.3 mm; tail length = 75.0-92.0 mm; fourth toe length = 8.1-10.7 mm. Dorsal head and supraocular disc scales rough or smooth; frontal depression present or absent; dorsal surface of rostral scale smooth, not notched; 3-5 scales across the snout between second canthals; supraorbital semicircles distinct, in contact; 0-1 scales separate interparietal and supraorbital semicircles; V-shaped crown; supraocular disc one to three enlarged scales, scales along the medial edge of the supraocular disc broken by larger scales that contact the supraorbital semicircles; one or two elongated supraciliary scales, followed by a series of small scales; 1-2 loreal rows; 4-9 total loreals; circumnasal scale contacts or not the sulcus between rostral and first supralabials, one scale from the naris to the rostral; preoccipital present or absent; 7-11 supralabials to center of eye; 7-11 infralabials to center of eye; 4-5 postrostrals excluding first supralabials; 2-5 postmentals excluding first infralabials; mental completely or partially divided posteriorly, extends or not posterolaterally along with the lateral limits of the rostral, with posterior border in a straight line transverse to head; 5-6 sublabials enlarged in contact with infralabials; a row of enlarged sublabials reaching the mouth commissure absent, row of enlarged sublabials beyond posteriorly to a line just below the first canthal absent; dewlap present, reaching or not posterior to axillae; rows of single scales on dewlap; tubelike axillary pocket absent; enlarged postcloacal scales absent in females, present in males. Nuchal and caudal crests present; nuchal crest discontinuous. Dorsal crest to midbody or to base of tail; dorsal crest discontinuous; 0-1 enlarged middorsal row; dorsal scales heterogeneous and smooth; 2-4 rows of scales between middorsal crest and the beginning of dorsal flat scales surrounded entirely by granules; size of the flat dorsal scales in HW 1-1-1, 1-0.5 and 1-0.5-0.25; 5-8 longitudinal dorsal scales in the fifth scale row in 10% of SVL. Ventral scales smooth, slightly overlapped and rounded apices, in transverse rows; 11-16 longitudinal ventral scales in 10% of SVL. Supradigitals smooth; toepads expanded and overlap the first phalanx; 18-21 expanded lamellae under second and third phalanges of fourth toe; tail crest with a single row of scales.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="colour in life">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Colour in life.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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Body dorsally brown or yellow, lighter ventrally; transversal black, brown, or blue bands present in most individuals; dorsal surfaces of the body, limbs, and tail with abundant blue, brown and yellow scales, single or in groups forming disorderly spots (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Dewlap and body of female (left) and male (right) of A. quimbaya sp. nov. (A), A. richteri (B) and A. tequendama sp. nov. (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e94265.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/809176" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">7C</figureCitation>
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); white or yellowish line running from the supralabials through the tympanum to the forelimbs; a patch of blue or red scales in the tail base; males commonly show unicoloured (solid) or spotted dewlaps which can be brown with some light coloured scales; females more often show striped dewlaps which are usually yellow with black or brown stripes (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Dewlap and body of female (left) and male (right) of A. quimbaya sp. nov. (A), A. richteri (B) and A. tequendama sp. nov. (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e94265.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/809176" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">7C</figureCitation>
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). Although all
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Moreno-Arias & Méndez-Galeano & Beltrán & Vargas-Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" class="Squamata" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anolis heterodermus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heterodermus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Anolis heterodermus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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subgroup species change their body colour when stressed due to intense manipulation, the colour change in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. tequendama" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="tequendama">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. tequendama</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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is particularly notorious and often includes changes in dewlap colour.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Habitat, ecology, and behaviour.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Moreno-Arias & Méndez-Galeano & Beltrán & Vargas-Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" class="Squamata" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anolis tequendama" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tequendama">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Anolis tequendama</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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inhabits scrublands, forests, and cloud forests in the Colombian Andes. This species preferentially uses small branches and narrow surfaces such as twigs and exhibits very slow movements, consistently with their twig anole ecomorph. This species occurs at lower altitudes and generally has a smaller body size compared to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. heterodermus" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="heterodermus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. heterodermus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. richteri" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="richteri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. richteri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. It has an active thermoregulation strategy compared to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. heterodermus" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="heterodermus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. heterodermus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but similar to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. richteri" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" rank="species" species="richteri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">A. richteri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The sexual and aggressive behaviour of this species have not been studied in detail but research in this area seems promising given their wide variation in body and dewlap colour.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="161" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Geographic distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="161">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Moreno-Arias & Méndez-Galeano & Beltrán & Vargas-Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" class="Squamata" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anolis tequendama" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tequendama">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">Anolis tequendama</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a Colombia endemic lizard inhabiting the northwestern slope of the Eastern Cordillera in Cundinamarca department (Probably also in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
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department and in the north and southeast and northernmost parts of Tolima and Huila departments respectively) (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Geographic distribution of Anolis heterodermus subgroup species. Circles correspond to the type localities of each species." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.73.e94265.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/809177" pageId="0" pageNumber="161">8</figureCitation>
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). Altitudinal range is approximately between 1900 and 2600 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |