285 lines
26 KiB
XML
285 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.906.47978" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a8cc42c7-e9ad-42fc-ba79-78daea513354" ID-PMC="PMC6989643" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-906-13" ID-Pensoft-UUID="33B523D44A1E5FECBC706B74B9397519" ID-PubMed="32021555" ID-ZooBank="EF6D38B4B1A3402BB7642DACCA490AC7" ModsDocID="1313-2970-906-13" checkinTime="1579803439732" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zamani, Alireza, Marusik, Yuri M. & Sestakova, Anna" docDate="2020" docId="5B77D112B89C52E28A80E7DE99BA7122" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 906: 13-40" docOrigin="ZooKeys 906" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.906.47978" docTitle="Araniella mithra Zamani & Marusik & Šestáková 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="DC0D034A-4554-4C01-B641-D2C6731DE77F" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="33B523D44A1E5FECBC706B74B9397519" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="33B523D44A1E5FECBC706B74B9397519" masterDocTitle="On Araniella and Neoscona (Araneae, Araneidae) of the Caucasus, Middle East and Central Asia" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="13" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1668168350213" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>On Araniella and Neoscona (Araneae, Araneidae) of the Caucasus, Middle East and Central Asia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zamani, Alireza</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Marusik, Yuri M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sestakova, Anna</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>906</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>13</mods:start>
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<mods:end>40</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.906.47978</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.906.47978</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-906-13</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">EF6D38B4B1A3402BB7642DACCA490AC7</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">33B523D44A1E5FECBC706B74B9397519</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="161838083" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:DC0D034A-4554-4C01-B641-D2C6731DE77F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5B77D112B89C52E28A80E7DE99BA7122" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName LSID="5B77D112-B89C-52E2-8A80-E7DE99BA7122" authority="Zamani & Marusik & Šestáková, 2020" authorityName="Zamani & Marusik & Šestáková" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araniella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araniella mithra" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mithra" status="sp. nov.">Araniella mithra</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="13">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Dorsal habitus of Araniella mithra sp. nov. (A, C) and A. villanii sp. nov. (B, D) and abdomen of A. nigromaculata (E). A, B Males C, D females. Blue triangles point on black dots on opisthosoma. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374403" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Figs 1A, C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Male palps of Araniella mithra sp. nov. (A, B) and A. opisthographa (C, D). A, C Retrolateral B, D ventral. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374404" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">; 2A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Male palps of Araniella mithra sp. nov. (A, B) and A. villanii sp. nov. (C, D). A, C Retrolateral B, D ventral. Abbreviations: Co conductor, Em embolus, Ma median apophysis, Ra radix, Ta terminal apophysis, Tr tegular ridge, Tt tip of tegulum. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374406" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">; 4A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. SEM graphs of the bulbs of Araniella mithra sp. nov. (A, B) and A. opisthographa (C, D). A, C Retrolateral B, D ventro-retrolateral. Blue - median apophysis, green - embolus, red - terminal apophysis, violet - conductor. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374408" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">; 6A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Ventral view of epigynes of Araniella villanii sp. nov. (A), A. proxima (B), A. mithra sp. nov. (C) and A. opisthographa (D). Scale bar: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374409" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">; 7C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Posterior view of epigynes of Araniella villanii sp. nov. (A), A. proxima (B), A. mithra sp. nov. (C), A. opisthographa (D) and A. nigromaculata (E). Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374410" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">; 8C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Anterior view of epigynes of Araniella villanii sp. nov. (A), A. proxima (B), A. mithra sp. nov. (C) and A. opisthographa (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374411" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">; 9C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Lateral view of epigynes of Araniella villanii sp. nov. (A), A. proxima (B), A. mithra sp. nov. (C) and A. opisthographa (D). Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374412" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">; 10C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Distribution records of Araniella mithra sp. nov. (blue circle), A. villanii sp. nov. (violet star), Neoscona isatis sp. nov. (green pentagon), N. spasskyi (black square), N. theisi (gray triangle, only new records) and N. tedgenica (brown asterisk)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374420" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">; 18</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kulczyński" baseAuthorityYear="1885" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araniella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araniella proxima" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proxima">Araniella proxima</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2476/asjaa.66.55" author="Zamani, A" journalOrPublisher="Acta Arachnologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" pagination="55 - 71" refId="B28" refString="Zamani, A, Mirshamsi, O, Dolejs, P, Marusik, YM, Esyunin, SL, Hula, V, Ponel, P, 2017. New data on the spider fauna of Iran (Arachnida: Araneae), Part IV. Acta Arachnologica 66 (2): 55 - 71, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2476/asjaa.66.55" title="New data on the spider fauna of Iran (Arachnida: Araneae), Part IV." url="https://doi.org/10.2476/asjaa.66.55" volume="66" year="2017">Zamani et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
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: 58 (misidentification).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
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Iran:
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Holotype</emphasis>
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♂ and
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">paratypes</emphasis>
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1♂ 2♀ (MHNG), Isfahan Province: Nowgahan,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="33" direction="north" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="33.183334">33°11'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="50" direction="east" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="50.066666">50°04'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 22.06.1974 (A. Senglet); 1♀ (MHNG), Falavarian,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="north" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="32.566666">32°34'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="51" direction="east" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="51.516666">51°31'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 14.06.1974 (A. Senglet); 2♂12♀ (MHNG), Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari Province: Dimeh,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="north" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="32.483334">32°29'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="50" direction="east" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="50.266666">50°16'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 21.06.1974 (A. Senglet); 1♂ 1♀ (MHNG), West Azarbayjan Province: Maku,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="39" direction="north" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="39.133335">39°08'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="44" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="44.5">44°30'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 23.06.1973 (A. Senglet), 1♂ (MMUE), no label.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374403" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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Dorsal habitus of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Zamani & Marusik & Šestáková" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araniella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araniella mithra" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mithra">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Araniella mithra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A, C</emphasis>
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) and
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<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. villanii" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="villanii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. villanii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">B, D</emphasis>
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) and abdomen of
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<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. nigromaculata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="nigromaculata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. nigromaculata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">E</emphasis>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A, B</emphasis>
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Males
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">C, D</emphasis>
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females. Blue triangles point on black dots on opisthosoma. Scale bars: 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374404" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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Male palps of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Zamani & Marusik & Šestáková" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araniella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araniella mithra" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mithra">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Araniella mithra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A, B</emphasis>
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) and
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<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. opisthographa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">C, D</emphasis>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A, C</emphasis>
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Retrolateral
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">B, D</emphasis>
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ventral. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Comparative material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kulczynski" baseAuthorityYear="1905" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araniella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araniella opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Araniella opisthographa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kulczyński">Kulczynski</normalizedToken>
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, 1905). Finland: 1♂ (ZMUT):
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Åland">Aland</normalizedToken>
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Islands: Lemland,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Rörstorp">Roerstorp</normalizedToken>
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, 27.06.1971 (P. Lehtinen); Iran: 1♂1♀1sub♂ (ZMMU): Mazandaran Province: Barseh Vil.,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="36.616665">36°37'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="50" direction="east" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="50.683334">50°41'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 10.06.2000 (Y.M. Marusik). Turkey: 1♂5♀1sub♂ (ZMMU): Kastamonu Province: Azdavay Dist.,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="41" direction="north" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="41.683334">41°41'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="33" direction="east" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="33.416668">33°25'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 975 m, 30.05.2009 (Y.M. Marusik).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">The specific epithet is a noun in apposition, and refers to Mithra, the god of light in ancient Indo-Iranian mythology.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
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Male palp and epigyne resemble those of
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<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. opisthographa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but the two species can be differentiated by the following characters: 1) the embolus is slimmer in
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<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. mithra" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="mithra">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. mithra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., vs. triangular-shaped and with a wider base in
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<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. opisthographa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; 2) the terminal apophysis in
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<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. mithra" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="mithra">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. mithra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. is almost as wide over its entire length, vs. wider near the peak in
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<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. opisthographa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; 3) the conductor in
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<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. mithra" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="mithra">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. mithra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. has three distinct spikes, vs. one spike and one more rounded process in
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<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. opisthographa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; 4) the tegulum in
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<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. mithra" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="mithra">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. mithra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. is higher with a short pointed tip, vs. the slender tegulum with a longer tip in
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<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. opisthographa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; 5) male carapace unicolor in
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<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. mithra" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="mithra">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. mithra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., vs. presence of broad dark marginal bands in
|
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<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. opisthographa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; 6) epigyne with slightly longer scape, and the sclerotized bulges are rounded around the base of scape in
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<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. mithra" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="mithra">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. mithra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., vs. more incised triangular bulges in
|
|
<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. opisthographa</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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|
.
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|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Description</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
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(colors and pattern seem faded).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Male</emphasis>
|
|
(holotype). Habitus as in Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Dorsal habitus of Araniella mithra sp. nov. (A, C) and A. villanii sp. nov. (B, D) and abdomen of A. nigromaculata (E). A, B Males C, D females. Blue triangles point on black dots on opisthosoma. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374403" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">1A</figureCitation>
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|
. Total length 5.04. Carapace 2.36 long, 2.19 wide in pars thoracica, 0.91 in pars cephalica. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME: 0.09, ALE: 0.09, PME: 0.11, PLE: 0.12, AME-AME: 0.13, PME-PME: 0.12. Carapace, sternum, labium, chelicerae, and maxillae reddish brown, lighter ventrally and in pars cephalica, without any patterns. Legs the same color as the carapace. Abdomen pale (stored in alcohol, most probably green in live specimens) dorsally, dark gray ventrally, with three pairs of black lateral spots on dorsum posteriorly. Spinnerets light brown, apical segment lighter. Leg I measurements: 7.46 (2.21, 0.93, 1.75, 1.75, 0.82).
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|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
|
|
Palp as in Figs
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Male palps of Araniella mithra sp. nov. (A, B) and A. opisthographa (C, D). A, C Retrolateral B, D ventral. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374404" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">2A, B</figureCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Male palps of Araniella mithra sp. nov. (A, B) and A. villanii sp. nov. (C, D). A, C Retrolateral B, D ventral. Abbreviations: Co conductor, Em embolus, Ma median apophysis, Ra radix, Ta terminal apophysis, Tr tegular ridge, Tt tip of tegulum. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374406" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">4A, B</figureCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. SEM graphs of the bulbs of Araniella mithra sp. nov. (A, B) and A. opisthographa (C, D). A, C Retrolateral B, D ventro-retrolateral. Blue - median apophysis, green - embolus, red - terminal apophysis, violet - conductor. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374408" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">6A, B</figureCitation>
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|
. Tegulum with low round ridge and terminally with short pointed tip; terminal apophysis with blunt end and almost equally wide along its length; embolus pointed, sickle-shaped bent; median apophysis sickle-shaped bent upwards, covered by small denticles (less visible via stereomicroscope), with pointed tip ended near base of embolus; conductor with three distinct spikes.
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|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
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|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Female.</emphasis>
|
|
Habitus as in Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Dorsal habitus of Araniella mithra sp. nov. (A, C) and A. villanii sp. nov. (B, D) and abdomen of A. nigromaculata (E). A, B Males C, D females. Blue triangles point on black dots on opisthosoma. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374403" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">1C</figureCitation>
|
|
. Total length 5.65. Carapace 2.40 long, 1.87 wide in pars thoracica, 1.19 in pars cephalica. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME: 0.11, ALE: 0.12, PME: 0.12, PLE: 0.09, AME-AME: 0.14, PME-PME: 0.11. Coloration as in male, slightly lighter. Leg I measurements: 7.30 (2.08, 1.02, 1.60, 1.75, 0.85).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
|
|
Epigyne as in Figs
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Ventral view of epigynes of Araniella villanii sp. nov. (A), A. proxima (B), A. mithra sp. nov. (C) and A. opisthographa (D). Scale bar: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374409" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">7C</figureCitation>
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|
,
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Posterior view of epigynes of Araniella villanii sp. nov. (A), A. proxima (B), A. mithra sp. nov. (C), A. opisthographa (D) and A. nigromaculata (E). Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374410" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">8C</figureCitation>
|
|
,
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|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Anterior view of epigynes of Araniella villanii sp. nov. (A), A. proxima (B), A. mithra sp. nov. (C) and A. opisthographa (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374411" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">9C</figureCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Lateral view of epigynes of Araniella villanii sp. nov. (A), A. proxima (B), A. mithra sp. nov. (C) and A. opisthographa (D). Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374412" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">10C</figureCitation>
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|
. Scape longer than wide, slightly wider at its base, reaching distinctly beyond epigyne. Copulatory ducts visible through epigynal cuticle. Receptacles oval, entrance ducts touching each other. Median plate (posterior view), between lateral sclerotized copulatory bulges, round and widest in its center.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="phenology">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Phenology.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Adult males and females were collected in mid and late June.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
|
|
Known only from the type localities in northwestern, central and southwestern Iran. It is possible that some of the previous Iranian records of
|
|
<taxonomicName family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. opisthographa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
refer to this species.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |