512 lines
45 KiB
XML
512 lines
45 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.939.50612" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ce2a2763-3c4d-4be7-b56d-7a8c7e27608b" ID-PMC="PMC7297811" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-939-87" ID-Pensoft-UUID="DB6D50A55057576896F6AFDAE5BC9922" ID-PubMed="32577083" ID-ZooBank="B239701148884712880E1069C943AD33" ModsDocID="1313-2970-939-87" checkinTime="1591794867056" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Gosik, Rafal, Skuhrovec, Jiri, Caldara, Roberto & Tosevski, Ivo" docDate="2020" docId="11489967CABB5F2E93664AD39495153F" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 939: 87-165" docOrigin="ZooKeys 939" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.939.50612" docTitle="Mecinus heydenii Wencker 1866" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="DB6D50A55057576896F6AFDAE5BC9922" lastPageNumber="87" masterDocId="DB6D50A55057576896F6AFDAE5BC9922" masterDocTitle="Immature stages of Palearctic Mecinus species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Curculioninae): morphological characters diagnostic at genus and species levels" masterLastPageNumber="165" masterPageNumber="87" pageNumber="87" updateTime="1668168933079" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Immature stages of Palearctic Mecinus species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Curculioninae): morphological characters diagnostic at genus and species levels</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Gosik, Rafal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology and Nature Protection, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20 - 033 Lublin, Poland</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Skuhrovec, Jiri</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Group Function of Invertebrate and Plant Biodiversity in Agro-Ecosystems, Crop Research Institute, Prague 6 - Ruzyne, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7691-5990</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jirislavskuhrovec@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Caldara, Roberto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Center of Alpine Entomology, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tosevski, Ivo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>CABI, Rue des Grillons 1, 2800 Delemont, Switzerland & Institute for Plant Protection and Environment, Banatska 33, 11080, Zemun, Serbia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>939</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>87</mods:start>
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<mods:end>165</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.939.50612</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.939.50612</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-939-87</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">B239701148884712880E1069C943AD33</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">DB6D50A55057576896F6AFDAE5BC9922</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="164500629" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:11489967CABB5F2E93664AD39495153F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/11489967CABB5F2E93664AD39495153F" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="87" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
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<taxonomicName LSID="11489967-CABB-5F2E-9366-4AD39495153F" authority="Wencker, 1866" authorityName="Wencker" authorityYear="1866" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Mecinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecinus heydenii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heydenii">Mecinus heydenii Wencker, 1866</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="87" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
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4 L3 larvae and 6 pupae, Serbia, Negotin, 1.07.2017,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="44" direction="north" minutes="16.610" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="44.276833">44°16.610'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="east" minutes="30.480" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="22.508">22°30.480'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 71 m., ex
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. vulgaris" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">L. vulgaris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, lgt. I.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Toševski">Tosevski</normalizedToken>
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. Accession numbers of sequenced specimen MN992002.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="87" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Description of mature larva</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
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(Figures
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Mecinus heydenii mature larva, habitus and chaetotaxy A habitus of the body and frontal view of the head B lateral view of thoracic segments C lateral view of abdominal segment I D lateral view of abdominal segments VII-X. Abbreviations: Th. I-III - number of thoracic segments, Abd. I-X - number of abominal segments, setae: as - alar, ds - dorsal, eps - epipleural, eus - eusternal, lsts - laterosternal, pda - pedal, pds - postdorsal, prns - pronotal, prs - prodorsal, ps - pleural, ss - spiracular, sts - sternal, ts - terminal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.939.50612.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419882" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">28A-D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Mecinus heydenii mature larva, head and mouth parts A head, frontal view B antenna C clypeus and labrum, dorsal view D epipharynx E left mandible F maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect. Abbreviations: at - antenna, clss - clypeal sensorium, des - dorsal epicranial, lr - labral rods, sa - sensillum ampullaceum, sb - sensillum basiconicum, Se - sensorium, st - stemmata, setae: als - anterolateral, ams - anteromedial, cls - clypeal, dms - dorsal malar, fs - frontal, ligs - ligular, lrs - labral, ls - lateral epicranial, mbs - malar basiventral, mds - mandibular, mes - median, mxps - maxillary palp, pes - postepicranial, ves - ventral, pfs - palpiferal, pms - postlabial, prms - prelabial, stps - stipal, vms - ventral malar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.939.50612.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419883" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">29A-F</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Measurements</emphasis>
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(in mm). Body length: 2.16-2.66. Body width (metathorax or abdominal segments I-II): 0.83-1.00. Head width: 0.30-0.33.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Body</emphasis>
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(Figure
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Mecinus heydenii mature larva, habitus and chaetotaxy A habitus of the body and frontal view of the head B lateral view of thoracic segments C lateral view of abdominal segment I D lateral view of abdominal segments VII-X. Abbreviations: Th. I-III - number of thoracic segments, Abd. I-X - number of abominal segments, setae: as - alar, ds - dorsal, eps - epipleural, eus - eusternal, lsts - laterosternal, pda - pedal, pds - postdorsal, prns - pronotal, prs - prodorsal, ps - pleural, ss - spiracular, sts - sternal, ts - terminal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.939.50612.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419882" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">28A-D</figureCitation>
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) white-yellowish, very slender. Chaetotaxy weakly developed, setae (except pronotum and dorsal part of abdominal segment IX) extremely short, difficult to observe. Prothorax (Figure
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Mecinus heydenii mature larva, habitus and chaetotaxy A habitus of the body and frontal view of the head B lateral view of thoracic segments C lateral view of abdominal segment I D lateral view of abdominal segments VII-X. Abbreviations: Th. I-III - number of thoracic segments, Abd. I-X - number of abominal segments, setae: as - alar, ds - dorsal, eps - epipleural, eus - eusternal, lsts - laterosternal, pda - pedal, pds - postdorsal, prns - pronotal, prs - prodorsal, ps - pleural, ss - spiracular, sts - sternal, ts - terminal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.939.50612.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419882" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">28B</figureCitation>
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) with four medium and four very short
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">prns</emphasis>
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, two very short
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ps</emphasis>
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and one very short
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">eus.</emphasis>
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Meso- and metathorax (Figure
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Mecinus heydenii mature larva, habitus and chaetotaxy A habitus of the body and frontal view of the head B lateral view of thoracic segments C lateral view of abdominal segment I D lateral view of abdominal segments VII-X. Abbreviations: Th. I-III - number of thoracic segments, Abd. I-X - number of abominal segments, setae: as - alar, ds - dorsal, eps - epipleural, eus - eusternal, lsts - laterosternal, pda - pedal, pds - postdorsal, prns - pronotal, prs - prodorsal, ps - pleural, ss - spiracular, sts - sternal, ts - terminal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.939.50612.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419882" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">28B</figureCitation>
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) with one short
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">prs</emphasis>
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, three short
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pds</emphasis>
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, one very short
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">as</emphasis>
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, three minute
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ss</emphasis>
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, one very short
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">eps</emphasis>
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, one very short
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ps</emphasis>
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and one very short
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">eus.</emphasis>
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Pedal area with four very short
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pda.</emphasis>
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Abdominal segments I-VIII (Figure
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Mecinus heydenii mature larva, habitus and chaetotaxy A habitus of the body and frontal view of the head B lateral view of thoracic segments C lateral view of abdominal segment I D lateral view of abdominal segments VII-X. Abbreviations: Th. I-III - number of thoracic segments, Abd. I-X - number of abominal segments, setae: as - alar, ds - dorsal, eps - epipleural, eus - eusternal, lsts - laterosternal, pda - pedal, pds - postdorsal, prns - pronotal, prs - prodorsal, ps - pleural, ss - spiracular, sts - sternal, ts - terminal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.939.50612.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419882" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">28C, D</figureCitation>
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) with one very short
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">prs</emphasis>
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, three very short
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pds</emphasis>
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arranged along the posterior margin, two minute
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ss</emphasis>
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, two very short
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">eps</emphasis>
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, one very short
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ps</emphasis>
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, one very short
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">lsts</emphasis>
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and two very short
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">eus.</emphasis>
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Abdominal segment IX (Figure
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Mecinus heydenii mature larva, habitus and chaetotaxy A habitus of the body and frontal view of the head B lateral view of thoracic segments C lateral view of abdominal segment I D lateral view of abdominal segments VII-X. Abbreviations: Th. I-III - number of thoracic segments, Abd. I-X - number of abominal segments, setae: as - alar, ds - dorsal, eps - epipleural, eus - eusternal, lsts - laterosternal, pda - pedal, pds - postdorsal, prns - pronotal, prs - prodorsal, ps - pleural, ss - spiracular, sts - sternal, ts - terminal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.939.50612.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419882" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">28D</figureCitation>
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) with two
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ds</emphasis>
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(one medium and one very short), all located close to the posterior margin, one medium
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ps</emphasis>
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and two very short
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">sts.</emphasis>
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Each lateral anal lobe with two minute setae.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.939.50612.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419882" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" start="Figure 28" startId="F28">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Figure 28.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Wencker" authorityYear="1866" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Mecinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecinus heydenii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heydenii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Mecinus heydenii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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mature larva, habitus and chaetotaxy
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">A</emphasis>
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habitus of the body and frontal view of the head
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">B</emphasis>
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lateral view of thoracic segments
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">C</emphasis>
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lateral view of abdominal segment I
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">D</emphasis>
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lateral view of abdominal segments VII-X. Abbreviations: Th. I-III - number of thoracic segments, Abd. I-X - number of abominal segments, setae:
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">as</emphasis>
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- alar,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ds</emphasis>
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- dorsal,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">eps</emphasis>
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- epipleural,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">eus</emphasis>
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- eusternal,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">lsts</emphasis>
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- laterosternal,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pda</emphasis>
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- pedal,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pds</emphasis>
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- postdorsal,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">prns</emphasis>
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- pronotal,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">prs</emphasis>
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- prodorsal,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ps</emphasis>
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- pleural,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ss</emphasis>
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- spiracular,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">sts</emphasis>
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- sternal,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ts</emphasis>
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- terminal.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Head capsule</emphasis>
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(Figures
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Mecinus heydenii mature larva, habitus and chaetotaxy A habitus of the body and frontal view of the head B lateral view of thoracic segments C lateral view of abdominal segment I D lateral view of abdominal segments VII-X. Abbreviations: Th. I-III - number of thoracic segments, Abd. I-X - number of abominal segments, setae: as - alar, ds - dorsal, eps - epipleural, eus - eusternal, lsts - laterosternal, pda - pedal, pds - postdorsal, prns - pronotal, prs - prodorsal, ps - pleural, ss - spiracular, sts - sternal, ts - terminal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.939.50612.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419882" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">28A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Mecinus heydenii mature larva, head and mouth parts A head, frontal view B antenna C clypeus and labrum, dorsal view D epipharynx E left mandible F maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect. Abbreviations: at - antenna, clss - clypeal sensorium, des - dorsal epicranial, lr - labral rods, sa - sensillum ampullaceum, sb - sensillum basiconicum, Se - sensorium, st - stemmata, setae: als - anterolateral, ams - anteromedial, cls - clypeal, dms - dorsal malar, fs - frontal, ligs - ligular, lrs - labral, ls - lateral epicranial, mbs - malar basiventral, mds - mandibular, mes - median, mxps - maxillary palp, pes - postepicranial, ves - ventral, pfs - palpiferal, pms - postlabial, prms - prelabial, stps - stipal, vms - ventral malar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.939.50612.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419883" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">29A-F</figureCitation>
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) pale yellow, distinctly narrowed bilaterally. Frontal suture poorly visible.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Des1-3,5</emphasis>
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very long, equal in length;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">des4</emphasis>
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four times shorter than other
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">des1</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Fs1</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">fs2</emphasis>
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absent,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">fs3</emphasis>
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very short,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">fs4</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">fs5</emphasis>
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long.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Les1</emphasis>
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shorter than
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">les2</emphasis>
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; two
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ves</emphasis>
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and four
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pes</emphasis>
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short (Figure
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Mecinus heydenii mature larva, head and mouth parts A head, frontal view B antenna C clypeus and labrum, dorsal view D epipharynx E left mandible F maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect. Abbreviations: at - antenna, clss - clypeal sensorium, des - dorsal epicranial, lr - labral rods, sa - sensillum ampullaceum, sb - sensillum basiconicum, Se - sensorium, st - stemmata, setae: als - anterolateral, ams - anteromedial, cls - clypeal, dms - dorsal malar, fs - frontal, ligs - ligular, lrs - labral, ls - lateral epicranial, mbs - malar basiventral, mds - mandibular, mes - median, mxps - maxillary palp, pes - postepicranial, ves - ventral, pfs - palpiferal, pms - postlabial, prms - prelabial, stps - stipal, vms - ventral malar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.939.50612.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419883" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">29A</figureCitation>
|
|
). Antennae (Figure
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Mecinus heydenii mature larva, head and mouth parts A head, frontal view B antenna C clypeus and labrum, dorsal view D epipharynx E left mandible F maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect. Abbreviations: at - antenna, clss - clypeal sensorium, des - dorsal epicranial, lr - labral rods, sa - sensillum ampullaceum, sb - sensillum basiconicum, Se - sensorium, st - stemmata, setae: als - anterolateral, ams - anteromedial, cls - clypeal, dms - dorsal malar, fs - frontal, ligs - ligular, lrs - labral, ls - lateral epicranial, mbs - malar basiventral, mds - mandibular, mes - median, mxps - maxillary palp, pes - postepicranial, ves - ventral, pfs - palpiferal, pms - postlabial, prms - prelabial, stps - stipal, vms - ventral malar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.939.50612.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419883" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">29B</figureCitation>
|
|
) with sensorium (Se) conical, thrice as long as wide, and three sensilla of different types: one sa and two sb. Clypeus (Figure
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Mecinus heydenii mature larva, head and mouth parts A head, frontal view B antenna C clypeus and labrum, dorsal view D epipharynx E left mandible F maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect. Abbreviations: at - antenna, clss - clypeal sensorium, des - dorsal epicranial, lr - labral rods, sa - sensillum ampullaceum, sb - sensillum basiconicum, Se - sensorium, st - stemmata, setae: als - anterolateral, ams - anteromedial, cls - clypeal, dms - dorsal malar, fs - frontal, ligs - ligular, lrs - labral, ls - lateral epicranial, mbs - malar basiventral, mds - mandibular, mes - median, mxps - maxillary palp, pes - postepicranial, ves - ventral, pfs - palpiferal, pms - postlabial, prms - prelabial, stps - stipal, vms - ventral malar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.939.50612.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419883" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">29C</figureCitation>
|
|
) trapezium-shaped, anterior margin slightly concave;
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">cls2</emphasis>
|
|
relatively long;
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">clss</emphasis>
|
|
clearly visible. Labrum (Figure
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Mecinus heydenii mature larva, head and mouth parts A head, frontal view B antenna C clypeus and labrum, dorsal view D epipharynx E left mandible F maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect. Abbreviations: at - antenna, clss - clypeal sensorium, des - dorsal epicranial, lr - labral rods, sa - sensillum ampullaceum, sb - sensillum basiconicum, Se - sensorium, st - stemmata, setae: als - anterolateral, ams - anteromedial, cls - clypeal, dms - dorsal malar, fs - frontal, ligs - ligular, lrs - labral, ls - lateral epicranial, mbs - malar basiventral, mds - mandibular, mes - median, mxps - maxillary palp, pes - postepicranial, ves - ventral, pfs - palpiferal, pms - postlabial, prms - prelabial, stps - stipal, vms - ventral malar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.939.50612.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419883" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">29C</figureCitation>
|
|
) with sinuate anterior margin;
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">lrs1</emphasis>
|
|
long,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">lrs2</emphasis>
|
|
slightly shorter than
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">lrs1</emphasis>
|
|
,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">lrs3</emphasis>
|
|
two times shorter than
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">lrs1</emphasis>
|
|
. Epipharynx (Figure
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Mecinus heydenii mature larva, head and mouth parts A head, frontal view B antenna C clypeus and labrum, dorsal view D epipharynx E left mandible F maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect. Abbreviations: at - antenna, clss - clypeal sensorium, des - dorsal epicranial, lr - labral rods, sa - sensillum ampullaceum, sb - sensillum basiconicum, Se - sensorium, st - stemmata, setae: als - anterolateral, ams - anteromedial, cls - clypeal, dms - dorsal malar, fs - frontal, ligs - ligular, lrs - labral, ls - lateral epicranial, mbs - malar basiventral, mds - mandibular, mes - median, mxps - maxillary palp, pes - postepicranial, ves - ventral, pfs - palpiferal, pms - postlabial, prms - prelabial, stps - stipal, vms - ventral malar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.939.50612.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419883" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">29D</figureCitation>
|
|
) with three medium, finger-shaped
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">als</emphasis>
|
|
of almost equal length; two rod-like, different in length
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ams</emphasis>
|
|
; two finger-like
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">mes</emphasis>
|
|
of medium length; surface smooth; labral rods close to kidney-shaped. Mandibles (Figure
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Mecinus heydenii mature larva, head and mouth parts A head, frontal view B antenna C clypeus and labrum, dorsal view D epipharynx E left mandible F maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect. Abbreviations: at - antenna, clss - clypeal sensorium, des - dorsal epicranial, lr - labral rods, sa - sensillum ampullaceum, sb - sensillum basiconicum, Se - sensorium, st - stemmata, setae: als - anterolateral, ams - anteromedial, cls - clypeal, dms - dorsal malar, fs - frontal, ligs - ligular, lrs - labral, ls - lateral epicranial, mbs - malar basiventral, mds - mandibular, mes - median, mxps - maxillary palp, pes - postepicranial, ves - ventral, pfs - palpiferal, pms - postlabial, prms - prelabial, stps - stipal, vms - ventral malar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.939.50612.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419883" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">29E</figureCitation>
|
|
) conical, wide, with a small protuberance in the middle of the cutting edge; both
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">mds</emphasis>
|
|
capilliform, medium, equal in length, placed mediolaterally. Maxilla (Figure
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Mecinus heydenii mature larva, head and mouth parts A head, frontal view B antenna C clypeus and labrum, dorsal view D epipharynx E left mandible F maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect. Abbreviations: at - antenna, clss - clypeal sensorium, des - dorsal epicranial, lr - labral rods, sa - sensillum ampullaceum, sb - sensillum basiconicum, Se - sensorium, st - stemmata, setae: als - anterolateral, ams - anteromedial, cls - clypeal, dms - dorsal malar, fs - frontal, ligs - ligular, lrs - labral, ls - lateral epicranial, mbs - malar basiventral, mds - mandibular, mes - median, mxps - maxillary palp, pes - postepicranial, ves - ventral, pfs - palpiferal, pms - postlabial, prms - prelabial, stps - stipal, vms - ventral malar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.939.50612.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419883" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">29F</figureCitation>
|
|
) with one
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">stps</emphasis>
|
|
and two
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pfs</emphasis>
|
|
long, of equal length;
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">mbs</emphasis>
|
|
very short; mala with six finger-like
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">dms</emphasis>
|
|
different in length (
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">dms1,2</emphasis>
|
|
medium,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">dms3-6</emphasis>
|
|
long to very long), five
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">vms</emphasis>
|
|
different in length. Maxillary palpi: basal palpomere distinctly wider than distal, both of almost equal length. Prelabium (Figure
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Mecinus heydenii mature larva, head and mouth parts A head, frontal view B antenna C clypeus and labrum, dorsal view D epipharynx E left mandible F maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect. Abbreviations: at - antenna, clss - clypeal sensorium, des - dorsal epicranial, lr - labral rods, sa - sensillum ampullaceum, sb - sensillum basiconicum, Se - sensorium, st - stemmata, setae: als - anterolateral, ams - anteromedial, cls - clypeal, dms - dorsal malar, fs - frontal, ligs - ligular, lrs - labral, ls - lateral epicranial, mbs - malar basiventral, mds - mandibular, mes - median, mxps - maxillary palp, pes - postepicranial, ves - ventral, pfs - palpiferal, pms - postlabial, prms - prelabial, stps - stipal, vms - ventral malar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.939.50612.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419883" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">29F</figureCitation>
|
|
) almost rounded with one very long
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">prms</emphasis>
|
|
; ligula with two
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ligs</emphasis>
|
|
different in length; premental sclerite clearly visible, U-shaped. Postlabium (Figure
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Mecinus heydenii mature larva, head and mouth parts A head, frontal view B antenna C clypeus and labrum, dorsal view D epipharynx E left mandible F maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect. Abbreviations: at - antenna, clss - clypeal sensorium, des - dorsal epicranial, lr - labral rods, sa - sensillum ampullaceum, sb - sensillum basiconicum, Se - sensorium, st - stemmata, setae: als - anterolateral, ams - anteromedial, cls - clypeal, dms - dorsal malar, fs - frontal, ligs - ligular, lrs - labral, ls - lateral epicranial, mbs - malar basiventral, mds - mandibular, mes - median, mxps - maxillary palp, pes - postepicranial, ves - ventral, pfs - palpiferal, pms - postlabial, prms - prelabial, stps - stipal, vms - ventral malar." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.939.50612.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419883" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">29F</figureCitation>
|
|
) with short
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pms1</emphasis>
|
|
, long
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pms2</emphasis>
|
|
, and short
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pms3</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.939.50612.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419883" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" start="Figure 29" startId="F29">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Figure 29.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wencker" authorityYear="1866" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Mecinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecinus heydenii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heydenii">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Mecinus heydenii</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
mature larva, head and mouth parts
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">A</emphasis>
|
|
head, frontal view
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">B</emphasis>
|
|
antenna
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">C</emphasis>
|
|
clypeus and labrum, dorsal view
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">D</emphasis>
|
|
epipharynx
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">E</emphasis>
|
|
left mandible
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">F</emphasis>
|
|
maxillolabial complex, ventral aspect. Abbreviations:
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">at</emphasis>
|
|
- antenna,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">clss</emphasis>
|
|
- clypeal sensorium,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">des</emphasis>
|
|
- dorsal epicranial, lr - labral rods, sa - sensillum ampullaceum, sb - sensillum basiconicum, Se - sensorium, st - stemmata, setae:
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">als</emphasis>
|
|
- anterolateral,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ams</emphasis>
|
|
- anteromedial,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">cls</emphasis>
|
|
- clypeal,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">dms</emphasis>
|
|
- dorsal malar,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">fs</emphasis>
|
|
- frontal,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ligs</emphasis>
|
|
- ligular,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">lrs</emphasis>
|
|
- labral,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ls</emphasis>
|
|
- lateral epicranial,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">mbs</emphasis>
|
|
- malar basiventral,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">mds</emphasis>
|
|
- mandibular,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">mes</emphasis>
|
|
- median,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">mxps</emphasis>
|
|
- maxillary palp,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pes</emphasis>
|
|
- postepicranial,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ves</emphasis>
|
|
- ventral,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pfs</emphasis>
|
|
- palpiferal,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pms</emphasis>
|
|
- postlabial,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">prms</emphasis>
|
|
- prelabial,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">stps</emphasis>
|
|
- stipal,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">vms</emphasis>
|
|
- ventral malar.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="87" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Description of pupa</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
|
|
(Figure
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Mecinus heydenii pupa habitus and chaetotaxy A ventral view B lateral view C dorsal view. Abbreviations: Th. I-III - number of thoracic segments, Abd. I-IX - number of abdominal segments, ur - urogomphi, setae: as - apical, d - dorsal, ds - discal, fes - femoral, l, ls - lateral, os - orbital, pls - posterolateral, rs - rostral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.939.50612.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419884" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">30A-C</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Measurements</emphasis>
|
|
(in mm). Head width: 0.30-0.60. Body width: 0.73-1.13. Body length: 2.33-2.93.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Body</emphasis>
|
|
elongated, white. Rostrum slender, about five times as long as wide, but reaching up only to procoxae. Antennae slender and elongated. Pronotum 1.4 times as wide as long. Urogomphi (ur) very short, conical, with sclerotised apex, reaching outline of the body, directed downward (Figure
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Mecinus heydenii pupa habitus and chaetotaxy A ventral view B lateral view C dorsal view. Abbreviations: Th. I-III - number of thoracic segments, Abd. I-IX - number of abdominal segments, ur - urogomphi, setae: as - apical, d - dorsal, ds - discal, fes - femoral, l, ls - lateral, os - orbital, pls - posterolateral, rs - rostral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.939.50612.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419884" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">30A-C</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Chaetotaxy</emphasis>
|
|
sparse, setae short, unequal length. Head with one
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">os</emphasis>
|
|
. Rostrum with one
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">rs</emphasis>
|
|
placed medially. Setae on head and rostrum straight, as long as those on prothorax (Figure
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Mecinus heydenii pupa habitus and chaetotaxy A ventral view B lateral view C dorsal view. Abbreviations: Th. I-III - number of thoracic segments, Abd. I-IX - number of abdominal segments, ur - urogomphi, setae: as - apical, d - dorsal, ds - discal, fes - femoral, l, ls - lateral, os - orbital, pls - posterolateral, rs - rostral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.939.50612.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419884" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">30A</figureCitation>
|
|
). Pronotum with two
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">as</emphasis>
|
|
, one
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ds</emphasis>
|
|
and three
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pls.</emphasis>
|
|
Dorsal parts of meso- and metathorax with three setae placed medially. Abdominal segments I-VIII with one seta laterally and three very short setae ventrally. Dorsal parts of abdominal segments I-VII with five setae (
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">d1</emphasis>
|
|
placed anteromedially,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">d2-4</emphasis>
|
|
posteromedially,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">d5</emphasis>
|
|
posterolaterally); segment VIII with four setae dorsally. Abdominal segment IX with two micro-setae ventrally.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.939.50612.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/419884" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" start="Figure 30" startId="F30">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Figure 30.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wencker" authorityYear="1866" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Mecinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecinus heydenii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heydenii">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Mecinus heydenii</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
pupa habitus and chaetotaxy
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">A</emphasis>
|
|
ventral view
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">B</emphasis>
|
|
lateral view
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">C</emphasis>
|
|
dorsal view. Abbreviations: Th. I-III - number of thoracic segments, Abd. I-IX - number of abdominal segments, ur - urogomphi, setae:
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">as</emphasis>
|
|
- apical,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">d</emphasis>
|
|
- dorsal,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ds</emphasis>
|
|
- discal,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">fes</emphasis>
|
|
- femoral,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">l</emphasis>
|
|
,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ls</emphasis>
|
|
- lateral,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">os</emphasis>
|
|
- orbital,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pls</emphasis>
|
|
- posterolateral,
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">rs</emphasis>
|
|
- rostral.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="87" type="notes">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Biological notes.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
|
|
This monophagous species is associated with yellow toadflax,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Linaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Linaria vulgaris" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Linaria vulgaris</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Mill. The adults are active from early spring, following the appearance of the first growing shoots of its host plant. The adults exhibit extreme cryptic behavior, which makes them difficult to collect. Oviposition occurs on actively growing young shoots, usually in the top or middle part of the stem. Females often lay several eggs distributed along the host plant shoot. Oviposition provokes primitive shoot swelling and hypertrophy that leads to the formation of a pseudo-gall of the young shoot. Larval development occurs inside this pseudo-gall, and pupation takes place in larval chambers prepared very close to the stem surface. Emerged adults stay inside the stem until August, when all adults leave their host plant within a two-week period. Overwintering takes place in the soil litter near the host plant.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="87" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">Remarks and comparative notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
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This species is widely distributed in Europe and is the only one of its group present in northern Europe, from Germany to Sweden. The adult is distinguishable by the rostrum very strongly curved from base to apex, especially before antennal insertion, in both sexes. However, it is somewhat difficult to morphologically separate this taxon from the two cryptic species
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. peterharrisi" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" rank="species" species="peterharrisi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">M. peterharrisi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
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|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. laeviceps" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" rank="species" species="laeviceps">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">M. laeviceps</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. They are well distinguishable, however, by molecular and biological data (
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12037" author="Tosevski, I" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" pagination="34 - 51" refId="B48" refString="Tosevski, I, Caldara, R, Jovic, J, Baviera, C, Hernandez-Vera, G, Gassmann, A, Emerson, BC, 2014. Revision of Mecinus heydenii species complex (Curculionidae): integrative taxonomy reveals multiple species exhibiting host specialization. Zoologica Scripta 43: 34 - 51, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12037" title="Revision of Mecinus heydenii species complex (Curculionidae): integrative taxonomy reveals multiple species exhibiting host specialization." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12037" volume="43" year="2014">
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Toševski">Tosevski</normalizedToken>
|
|
et al. 2014
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
|
|
The study of the immatures allowed us to add numerous other interesting differences: larvae of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. heydenii" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" rank="species" species="heydenii">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">M. heydenii</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
differ from those of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. laeviceps" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" rank="species" species="laeviceps">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">M. laeviceps</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by the pronotum with eight
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">prns</emphasis>
|
|
(instead of nine), the thoracic segments with three
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pds</emphasis>
|
|
(instead of two), each pedal lobe with four
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pda</emphasis>
|
|
(instead of three),
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pds</emphasis>
|
|
of abdominal segments I-VIII distinctly smaller, and the head with four
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">pes</emphasis>
|
|
(instead of one). Both species differ from
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. peterharrisi" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" rank="species" species="peterharrisi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">M. peterharrisi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">fs1</emphasis>
|
|
and
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">fs2</emphasis>
|
|
absent and the antennae with two
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">sb</emphasis>
|
|
(instead of four).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="87">
|
|
The pupae of the three species are also slightly different in the presence or lack of some setae on the rostrum and pronotum (without
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">sls</emphasis>
|
|
and
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">ls</emphasis>
|
|
in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. heydenii" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" rank="species" species="heydenii">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">M. heydenii</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. peterharrisi" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" rank="species" species="peterharrisi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">M. peterharrisi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, respectively) and femora (with
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">fes</emphasis>
|
|
in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. heydenii" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" rank="species" species="heydenii">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">M. heydenii</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. laeviceps" pageId="0" pageNumber="87" rank="species" species="laeviceps">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="87">M. laeviceps</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), and their number in the abdominal segments.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |