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<document id="E0DBBA3DF924E958264739A875A2DE27" ID-DOI="10.1649/865.1" ID-ISSN="1938-4394" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630177828145" checkinUser="tatiana" docAuthor="Bousquet, Yves" docDate="2006" docId="039387FD5B745000FF17FD0935E25BA5" docLanguage="en" docName="865.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="The Coleopterists Bulletin 60 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/865.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:07711681861DB98305E87147CAB6DAD5.4:TheColeopBull.2003-2009.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="07711681861DB98305E87147CAB6DAD5" docStyleName="TheColeopBull.2003-2009.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Loxandrus proximus Chaudoir 1868" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="150" masterDocId="FFAAFF855B715005FF83FF8336305E31" masterDocTitle="New Synonymies and Notes on North American Loxandrus LeConte (Coleoptera: Carabidae)" masterLastPageNumber="157" masterPageNumber="145" pageNumber="150" updateTime="1699175850239" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="7BFF2F9BB0B9AF337E82B96527D4D505">New Synonymies and Notes on North American Loxandrus LeConte (Coleoptera: Carabidae)</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="C32065605B745000FF17FD09346E5CAE" box="[148,606,650,671]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8536EB5B745000FF17FD09346E5CAE" blockId="5.[148,606,650,671]" box="[148,606,650,671]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<heading id="D0CD81875B745000FF17FD09346E5CAE" box="[148,606,650,671]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FF17FD09346E5CAE" bold="true" box="[148,606,650,671]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
18.
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D685B745000FF39FD09346E5CAE" ID-CoL="8LDJ5" authority="Chaudoir, 1868: 344" authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1868" box="[186,606,650,671]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Loxandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proximus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FF39FD0937BA5CAE" bold="true" box="[186,394,650,671]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">Loxandrus proximus</emphasis>
Chaudoir, 1868:344
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32065605B745000FF2FFD3135E25BA5" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8536EB5B745000FF2FFD3137895CCD" blockId="5.[148,978,690,1428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
<materialsCitation id="3B523CB65B745000FF2FFD3137855CCD" collectionCode="MHNP" location="The" municipality="This" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Texas" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE1AC915B745000FF2FFD3136E65CF6" box="[172,214,690,711]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">This</collectingMunicipality>
taxon was described from a single specimen collected «[probably from]
<collectingRegion id="49FEF8095B745000FF17FD4F36E05CD0" box="[148,208,716,737]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">Texas</collectingRegion>
».
<location id="8EE560305B745000FF65FD4F373B5CD0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039387FD5B745000FF17FD0935E25BA5:8EE560305B745000FF65FD4F373B5CD0" box="[230,267,716,737]" municipality="This" name="The" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" stateProvince="Texas">The</location>
<typeStatus id="548188495B745000FE91FD4F37585CD0" box="[274,360,716,737]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, a female in
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE2E5B745000FE65FD4F341D5CD0" box="[486,557,716,737]" country="France" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a5xg-x4h4" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle Perpignan" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">MHNP</collectionCode>
, is labelled «
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D685B745000FD2EFD4F35725CD0" authority="Tejas" authorityName="Tejas" box="[685,834,716,737]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Loxandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proximus">proximus Tejas</taxonomicName>
[handwritten]/ Muséum Paris [handwritten]»
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8536EB5B745000FF2FFC8135375AEB" blockId="5.[148,978,690,1428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
The specimen (SBL
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FEEFFC81374E5D27" bold="true" box="[364,382,770,790]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">¼</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CC29B0E5B745000FE01FC8137FE5D26" box="[386,462,770,791]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="6.6">6.6 mm</quantity>
; ABL
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FD89FC81342C5D27" bold="true" box="[522,540,770,790]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">¼</emphasis>
about
<quantity id="4CC29B0E5B745000FDD9FC8134945D26" box="[602,676,770,791]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="6.8">6.8 mm</quantity>
) belongs to a species obviously closely related to
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D685B745000FECBFC9F34665D00" authority="LeConte, 1852" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1852" box="[328,598,796,817]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Loxandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenatus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FECBFC9F37885D00" box="[328,440,796,817]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">L. crenatus</emphasis>
LeConte, 1852
</taxonomicName>
, one of the more distinct species of smaller
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D685B745000FF5CFCB437755D7D" box="[223,325,823,844]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Loxandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FF5CFCB437755D7D" box="[223,325,823,844]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">Loxandrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Allen 1972:112). Like members of
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D685B745000FD31FCB4352E5D7D" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1852" box="[690,798,823,844]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Loxandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenatus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FD31FCB4352E5D7D" box="[690,798,823,844]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">L. crenatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seen, the
<typeStatus id="548188495B745000FCFEFCB435E05D7D" box="[893,976,823,844]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D685B745000FF2CFCD237125D57" box="[175,290,849,870]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Loxandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proximus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FF2CFCD237125D57" box="[175,290,849,870]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">L. proximus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the following character states: body reddish-brown dorsally, palpi, antennae and legs yellowish; pronotum, elytra, and ventral side markedly iridescent, microsculpture indistinct, except along anterior margin of abdominal sterna; anterior tentorial pits on head deep; elytral striae, including 7th, relatively coarsely punctate up to about middle of elytra; metasternum laterally and metepisternum coarsely punctate; base of visible abdominal sternum 1 with transverse row of punctures; tarsomeres 5 of all legs with relatively long setae underneath. The
<typeStatus id="548188495B745000FDFEFC7234E05A37" box="[637,720,1009,1030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D685B745000FD6EFC72356C5A37" box="[749,860,1009,1030]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Loxandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proximus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FD6EFC72356C5A37" box="[749,860,1009,1030]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">L. proximus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D685B745000FEA2FB8837A25A11" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1852" box="[289,402,1035,1056]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Loxandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenatus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FEA2FB8837A25A11" box="[289,402,1035,1056]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">L. crenatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seen in having the microsculpture on the clypeus more impressed, the sides of the pronotum not sinuate [slightly sinuate posteriorly in
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D685B745000FC3EFBA536D65A64" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1852" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Loxandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenatus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FC3EFBA536D65A64" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">L. crenatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
], the hind angles slightly obtuse [acute in
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D685B745000FDF6FBC334D05A64" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1852" box="[629,736,1088,1109]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Loxandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenatus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FDF6FBC334D05A64" box="[629,736,1088,1109]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">L. crenatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
], the lateral bead on each side distinct [indistinct in
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D685B745000FE0AFBD837C45A41" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1852" box="[393,500,1115,1136]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Loxandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenatus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FE0AFBD837C45A41" box="[393,500,1115,1136]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">L. crenatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
], the lateral depressions much deeper, the anterior sulcus well impressed even medially [absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D685B745000FD13FBF635335ABB" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1852" box="[656,771,1141,1162]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Loxandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenatus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FD13FBF635335ABB" box="[656,771,1141,1162]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">L. crenatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
], the base between the impressions relatively densely punctate [with one or two punctures if any in
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D685B745000FF17FB2837325AF1" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1852" box="[148,258,1195,1216]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Loxandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenatus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FF17FB2837325AF1" box="[148,258,1195,1216]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">L. crenatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
]. According to Allen (1972:111) the SBL in
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D685B745000FD4AFB2835075AF1" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1852" box="[713,823,1195,1216]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Loxandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenatus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FD4AFB2835075AF1" box="[713,823,1195,1216]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">L. crenatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
varies between
<quantity id="4CC29B0E5B745000FF17FB46373A5AEB" box="[148,266,1221,1242]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.55" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="4.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="5.55" valueMax="6.2" valueMin="4.9">4.96.2 mm</quantity>
, while the
<typeStatus id="548188495B745000FEFBFB4637FB5AEB" box="[376,459,1221,1242]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
SBL of
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D685B745000FDA1FB4634A55AEB" box="[546,661,1221,1242]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Loxandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proximus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FDA1FB4634A55AEB" box="[546,661,1221,1242]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">L. proximus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is
<quantity id="4CC29B0E5B745000FD36FB4635335AEB" box="[693,771,1221,1242]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="6.6">6.6 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8536EB5B745000FF2FFB6335E25BA5" blockId="5.[148,978,690,1428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">
Allen and Ball (1980) stated that the
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D685B745000FD89FB63346C5AC4" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1852" box="[522,604,1248,1269]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Loxandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenatus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FD89FB63346C5AC4" box="[522,604,1248,1269]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">crenatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group of
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D685B745000FD3AFB63352F5AC4" box="[697,799,1248,1269]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Loxandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FD3AFB63352F5AC4" box="[697,799,1248,1269]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">Loxandrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
included only two species, the Mexican
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D685B745000FEE8FB7934B15B3E" authority="Allen and Ball" authorityName="Allen and Ball" box="[363,641,1274,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Loxandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="littleorum">
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FEE8FB7937D55B3E" box="[363,485,1274,1295]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">L. littleorum</emphasis>
Allen and Ball
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D685B745000FD3BFB7935175B3E" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1852" box="[696,807,1274,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Loxandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crenatus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FD3BFB7935175B3E" box="[696,807,1274,1295]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">L. crenatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, using Allen and Balls (1980) key to
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D685B745000FE53FA9634B45B1B" box="[464,644,1301,1322]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Loxandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FE53FA9634065B1B" box="[464,566,1301,1322]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">Loxandrus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F32D767B5B745000FD46FA9635205B1B" box="[709,784,1301,1322]" name="Mexico" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">Mexico</collectingCountry>
, the
<typeStatus id="548188495B745000FCC0FA9635A65B1B" box="[835,918,1301,1322]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D685B745000FC3EFA9636DC5B75" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Loxandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proximus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FC3EFA9636DC5B75" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">L. proximus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
keyed to
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D685B745000FECCFAAC346F5B75" authority="Allen and Ball" authorityName="Allen and Ball" box="[335,607,1327,1348]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Loxandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stockwelli">
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FECCFAAC37F85B75" box="[335,456,1327,1348]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">L. stockwelli</emphasis>
Allen and Ball
</taxonomicName>
which was included in its own group along with
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D685B745000FE8BFAC9347E5B6E" authority="Allen and Ball. I" authorityName="Allen and Ball. I" box="[264,590,1354,1375]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Loxandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anthracinus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FE8BFAC937A85B6E" box="[264,408,1354,1375]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">L. anthracinus</emphasis>
Allen and Ball. I
</taxonomicName>
have not seen any specimens of both Mexican species, but based on the descriptions provided by Ball and Allen (1980), the
<typeStatus id="548188495B745000FF17FAFC36D75BA5" box="[148,231,1407,1428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D685B745000FE84FAFC37495BA5" box="[263,377,1407,1428]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Loxandrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proximus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAF95B745000FE84FAFC37495BA5" box="[263,377,1407,1428]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="150">L. proximus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very likely not conspecific with specimens of either species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>