treatments-xml/data/03/93/87/039387E3891DFFB5FF753F84FB2FFA58.xml

<document id="4BE83912E27B3D7F1A9E6EF853FF5158" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.215396" ID-GBIF-Dataset="62b67fc1-89a3-4bb2-bc29-531913e5b2ff" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="215396" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460556383699" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rakotoarison, Andolalao, Glaw, Frank, Vieites, David R., Raminosoa, Noromalala R. &amp; Vences, Miguel" docDate="2012" docId="039387E3891DFFB5FF753F84FB2FFA58" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03563p025.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3563" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Platypelis tsaratananaensis Guibe 1974" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="17" masterDocId="FFAAFF9B8915FFA5FFE23C2BFFE3FFC0" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy and natural history of arboreal microhylid frogs (Platypelis) from the Tsaratanana Massif in northern Madagascar, with description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="25" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1698319345731" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="C18AA3BE3B1EE51AEFAD6EDCB077A50B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="A9D45240B34351D848368B78D662F612">
<mods:title id="9D277D60B5647949D4FF3DBF90D611C1">Taxonomy and natural history of arboreal microhylid frogs (Platypelis) from the Tsaratanana Massif in northern Madagascar, with description of a new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="52EAC8B6052E38FF575468A1F651B4A7" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9339A4113EF336503DDBE1ABA55FA8C4">
<mods:roleTerm id="B0FA5283EA82B94FB05343EA533CAF13">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1C99E952DA497AA8062AF274C9E9C408">Rakotoarison, Andolalao</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="912BD16E02F8EE2F692AAC5BDA90C520" type="personal">
<mods:role id="36A6563593072E5A92B9D7E9D8367BB5">
<mods:roleTerm id="D56F9499D4C44EF02760B765E604979D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E081ADFD50DE87A731960DCEC3BD3255">Glaw, Frank</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="ACCB7A5BBA925980A20F5639CA1A09BC" type="personal">
<mods:role id="A5A6157E69DF8C1288FB94D37826BF9D">
<mods:roleTerm id="AF748B698B77A211F0FFF4A449D6118E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="32CB9842B9492ED4E1D6D9998F782AE1">Vieites, David R.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="7BBEE83E61D9489615D7CA77A4A9E8AC" type="personal">
<mods:role id="3222847A3FC92DB35AE09AB53500262A">
<mods:roleTerm id="B0E621C52644152E6C5888663390EDFA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="EBE1D6A7922C0D33514796B1C9EABAF2">Raminosoa, Noromalala R.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="64A3564CC33CBC6AEEB94974CA61C99A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="682B2E0C9B87D53E8BF00B20208AD97F">
<mods:roleTerm id="709CABB826FA0C857B0FF1E2525BA3F4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0F4402EA77D16F1CF64B4DA9635FBBE7">Vences, Miguel</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="34A0FFFE7824046C86CA649F52D780EF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="051B17746BF6C5DDF7B8081CFCC54DB4" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="AAC2E8DD227715BEED45383B5D3B104A">
<mods:title id="BD2A5C9440560A20B485E08714610932">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="EA3C5BE4A06012A2C671D468911B8413">
<mods:date id="83A8C36882BEBA40C57E96567739FB58">2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="763097B02694888A728A20EFAD913E4C" type="volume">
<mods:number id="F912B48C74D54FE93310DD70FF86DF5F">3563</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="F5382779968D88D147E72F3864C466AD" unit="page">
<mods:start id="BD032622ABF6B405C1018058D13C82F4">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="2EC819DE5D0C20468FDD874BE6ABB98C">25</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="C56389A4A78BDA1ED7BB925B003BE415">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="6B6AC3F22180FE97BFB0015DD7FA20E9" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.215396</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1EED0A74E2CF2414982DBAB57542B98C" type="GBIF-Dataset">62b67fc1-89a3-4bb2-bc29-531913e5b2ff</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="94CAA9966B6A0E9D1AA354DB2A4DE89F" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1403D633270A6F44E741E1C6268B5715" type="Zenodo-Dep">215396</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="039387E3891DFFB5FF753F84FB2FFA58" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6176524" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119555828" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6176524" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039387E3891DFFB5FF753F84FB2FFA58" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039387E3891DFFB5FF753F84FB2FFA58" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<subSubSection id="C320657E891DFFAEFF753F84FF38FD2F" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8536F5891DFFADFF753F84FD9FFC09" blockId="8.[151,636,943,969]" box="[151,636,943,969]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="D0CD8199891DFFADFF753F84FD9FFC09" bold="true" box="[151,636,943,969]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891DFFADFF753F84FD9FFC09" ID-CoL="4JVGQ" authority="Guibe, 1974" authorityName="Guibe" authorityYear="1974" box="[151,636,943,969]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891DFFADFF753F84FD9FFC09" bold="true" box="[151,636,943,969]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891DFFADFF753F84FE03FC09" bold="true" box="[151,480,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Platypelis tsaratananaensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B04891DFFADFE053F84FD9FFC09" author="Guibe" box="[487,636,943,969]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Guibe, J. (1974) Batraciens nouveaux de Madagascar. Bulletin du Museum National de Histoire Naturelle Paris 3 rd Series, 171, 1169 - 1192." type="journal article" year="1974">Guibé, 1974</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8536F5891DFFADFF753FDDFE29F9C6" blockId="8.[151,1437,1014,2011]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891DFFADFF753FDDFF18FBCF" bold="true" box="[151,251,1014,1039]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Identity.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891DFFADFEE03FDDFDDBFBCE" box="[258,568,1014,1038]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891DFFADFEE03FDDFDDBFBCE" box="[258,568,1014,1038]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Platypelis tsaratananaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B04891DFFADFCE53FDDFC7EFBCE" author="Guibe" box="[775,925,1014,1038]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Guibe, J. (1974) Batraciens nouveaux de Madagascar. Bulletin du Museum National de Histoire Naturelle Paris 3 rd Series, 171, 1169 - 1192." type="journal article" year="1974">Guibé (1974)</bibRefCitation>
and the 
<typeStatus id="54818857891DFFADFC1F3FDDFBBCFBCE" box="[1021,1119,1014,1038]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
specimen MNHN 1993.685 (originally A685) (
<figureCitation id="13012A70891DFFADFE9B3831FE27FBF2" box="[377,452,1050,1074]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1711,1734]" captionTargetBox="[151,1356,194,1666]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1690]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Upper part: name bearing types of two nominal species of Platypelis described from the Tsaratanana Massif, Platypelis alticola (originally described as Platyhyla alticola) and P. tsaratananaensis, in dorsal view. The right inset pictures show the hand (above) and foot of the P. tsaratananaensis holotype in ventral view. Lower part: Ventral views of hands and feet (not to scale) of male and female specimens of Platypelis tsaratananaensis in comparison with the morphologically similar P. pollicaris. Note that in both species, males have a larger prepollex (prepollical tubercle) than females, but the male prepollex is much more strongly expressed in P. pollicaris. Furthermore the third toe is distinctly shorter than the fifth toe in P. tsaratananaensis. Note that the apparently reduced first toe in P. tsaratananaensis is due to it being partly overlain by the second toe in the photograph which was taken so that the third and fifth toes are at the same level." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215398/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) was collected in bamboo forest at the Tsaratanana Massif, at 
<quantity id="4CC29B10891DFFADFB293831FAC4FBF2" box="[1227,1319,1050,1074]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="2600.0">2600 m</quantity>
a.s.l. We reexamined the 
<typeStatus id="54818857891DFFADFEB43815FE5BFB96" box="[342,440,1086,1110]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
in 2010. It is an adult specimen of 
<quantity id="4CC29B10891DFFADFC993815FC06FB96" box="[891,997,1086,1110]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.77" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="27.7">27.7 mm</quantity>
SVL, sexed by us as a male by its comparatively prominent prepollex (PREPL 
<quantity id="4CC29B10891DFFADFD733849FD08FBBA" box="[657,747,1122,1146]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
, PREPW 
<quantity id="4CC29B10891DFFADFCBE3849FC57FBBA" box="[860,948,1122,1146]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
) and examination of gonads. The venter of the specimen is cut open, the specimen is in poor state of preservation, and quite weakly fixed. This makes it difficult to take morphometric measurements especially in the region of the head, and many morphological characters therefore cannot be assessed with full certainty. The following account is therefore limited to describing the most relevant characters which we could ascertain and which have not or only incompletely been described by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B04891DFFADFF75393DFED6FAEE" author="Guibe" box="[151,309,1302,1326]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Guibe, J. (1974) Batraciens nouveaux de Madagascar. Bulletin du Museum National de Histoire Naturelle Paris 3 rd Series, 171, 1169 - 1192." type="journal article" year="1974">Guibé (1974)</bibRefCitation>
. Third toe distinctly shorter than fifth toe. Second finger shorter than fourth finger. Tympanum difficult to recognize, probably due to poor state of fixation, its diameter can be estimated about 50% of eye diameter. Coloration almost entirely faded, but above the eyes it is possible to recognize a number of dark lines horizontally slicing a largely light area, which might represent originally yellowish or beige markings with dark marbling. No color pattern visible on the ventral side. Body elongated and hindlimbs relatively short as compared with long body; tibiotarsal articulation reaches between insertion of forelimb and tympanum. For further measurements, see Table 1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8536F5891DFFADFF253A39FA79F81A" blockId="8.[151,1437,1014,2011]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Furthermore, MNHN hosts five 
<typeStatus id="54818857891DFFADFDD43A38FD41F9EB" box="[566,674,1555,1579]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
(MNHN 1993.686–690) collected together with the 
<typeStatus id="54818857891DFFADFB183A39FABFF9EA" box="[1274,1372,1554,1578]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891DFFADFA663A3FFEB5F98E" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891DFFADFA663A3FFEB5F98E" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. tsaratananaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Of these, MNHN 1993.689 (689A) is a juvenile lacking part of the posterior body and the hindlimbs, so measurements are not possible. Specimen MNHN 1993.686 is a subadult of 19.0 mm SVL and has one hindlimb detached but is still relatively complete. The remaining three specimens are adults in moderate state of preservation (but partly in better state than the 
<typeStatus id="54818857891DFFADFD343A89FCDEF97A" box="[726,829,1698,1722]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
). MNHN 1993.687 has light markings visible on the flank region, as well as (faintly) lighter color above the eyes than in the surrounding dorsal head surface, and the third toe is shorter than the fifth toe also in this specimen. None of the 
<typeStatus id="54818857891DFFADFC2C3AC0FBDAF8C3" box="[974,1081,1771,1795]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
has distinct remains of ventral color or any traces indicating a possible pattern of fine dark ventral dotting as mentioned in the original description. However MNHN 1993.687 has some pigment on the throat region which might be a rest of the original color, but no pattern of fine dark dots is visible. MNHN 1993.690 also shows remains of dark stripes of light color in the region above the eyes, similar to the 
<typeStatus id="54818857891DFFADFDA13B51FD46F852" box="[579,677,1914,1938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
but better visible. We did not check the gonads of the three adult 
<typeStatus id="54818857891DFFADFF753BB4FEE1F877" box="[151,258,1951,1975]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
that we examined; based on the rather comparable size of the prepollex they all might be males, but in any case, none showed distinct characters indicating a female sex, such as oocytes visible through the ventral skin.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF45667D891CFFACFF753A84FB94F85C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215398/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" targetBox="[151,1356,194,1666]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8B8536F5891CFFACFF753A84FB94F85C" blockId="9.[151,1436,1711,1948]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891CFFACFF753A84FEF5F905" bold="true" box="[151,278,1711,1734]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Upper part: name bearing types of two nominal species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891CFFACFC703A84FC14F905" box="[914,1015,1711,1733]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891CFFACFC703A84FC14F905" box="[914,1015,1711,1733]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Platypelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described from the Tsaratanana Massif, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891CFFACFF753AE5FEB3F924" box="[151,336,1742,1764]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alticola">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891CFFACFF753AE5FEB3F924" box="[151,336,1742,1764]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Platypelis alticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(originally described as 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891CFFACFDAC3AE5FCE0F924" box="[590,771,1742,1764]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platyhyla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alticola">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891CFFACFDAC3AE5FCE0F924" box="[590,771,1742,1764]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Platyhyla alticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891CFFACFCDC3AE4FBE6F924" box="[830,1029,1743,1764]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891CFFACFCDC3AE4FBE6F924" box="[830,1029,1743,1764]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. tsaratananaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in dorsal view. The right inset pictures show the hand (above) and foot of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891CFFACFDFB3AC5FD3CF8C3" box="[537,735,1774,1795]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891CFFACFDFB3AC5FD3CF8C3" box="[537,735,1774,1795]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. tsaratananaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
holotype in ventral view. Lower part: Ventral views of hands and feet (not to scale) of male and female specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891CFFACFD9E3B20FC76F8E1" box="[636,917,1803,1825]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891CFFACFD9E3B20FC76F8E1" box="[636,917,1803,1825]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Platypelis tsaratananaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in comparison with the morphologically similar 
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891CFFACFA6B3B27FF1CF880" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891CFFACFA6B3B27FF18F880" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pollicaris">P. pollicaris</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Note that in both species, males have a larger prepollex (prepollical tubercle) than females, but the male prepollex is much more strongly expressed in 
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891CFFACFDED3B61FD74F89F" box="[527,663,1865,1887]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891CFFACFDED3B61FD70F89F" box="[527,659,1865,1887]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pollicaris">P. pollicaris</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Furthermore the third toe is distinctly shorter than the fifth toe in 
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891CFFACFA6B3B61FEA8F8BE" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891CFFACFA6B3B61FEABF8BE" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">P. tsaratananaensis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Note that the apparently reduced first toe in 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891CFFACFCC83B42FC10F8BE" box="[810,1011,1897,1918]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891CFFACFCC83B42FC10F8BE" box="[810,1011,1897,1918]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. tsaratananaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is due to it being partly overlain by the second toe in the photograph which was taken so that the third and fifth toes are at the same level.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF45667D891FFFAFFF753A72FABCF90B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215399/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" targetBox="[153,1435,193,1599]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8B8536F5891FFFAFFF753A72FABCF90B" blockId="10.[151,1436,1625,1740]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891FFFAFFF753A72FEF1F9AF" bold="true" box="[151,274,1625,1648]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Photographs in life of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891FFFAFFE1F3A71FD55F9B0" box="[509,694,1626,1648]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alticola">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891FFFAFFE1F3A71FD55F9B0" box="[509,694,1626,1648]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Platypelis alticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891FFFAFFD0A3A70FD17F9B0" box="[744,756,1627,1648]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P</emphasis>
. sp. 8. (a, b) Two specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891FFFAFFBD93A70FB41F9B0" box="[1083,1186,1626,1648]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alticola">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891FFFAFFBD93A70FB41F9B0" box="[1083,1186,1626,1648]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. alticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Antevialambazaha (Tsaratanana, Maromokotro trail, camp 1); (c, d) two specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891FFFAFFCA93A51FC51F94E" box="[843,946,1656,1679]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alticola">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891FFFAFFCA93A51FC51F94E" box="[843,946,1656,1679]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. alticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Matsabory Maiky (Maromokotro trail, camp 2), (d) shows the adult male ZSM 1657/2010 (ZCMV 12453); (e) specimen of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891FFFAFFC2A3AB3FBD3F96D" box="[968,1072,1687,1709]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alticola">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891FFFAFFC2A3AB3FBD3F96D" box="[968,1072,1687,1709]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. alticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Bepia campsite (Tsaratanana, Maromokotro trail, camp 3); (f) 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891FFFAFFE3C3A9DFDA0F90C" box="[478,579,1718,1740]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891FFFAFFE3C3A9DFDA0F90C" box="[478,579,1718,1740]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Platypelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 8 from Antsahamanara (Manarikoba forest, western slope of Tsaratanana).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8536F5891FFFAFFF253AD3FEFAF8F4" blockId="10.[151,1436,1784,1844]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Several uncertainties surround the taxonomic status of this species, and we will address these in the following, one by one.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8536F5891FFFAFFF753B4FFE81F860" blockId="10.[151,1436,1892,2025]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
(1) Are any of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891FFFAFFE883B4EFE39F8BD" box="[362,474,1893,1917]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891FFFAFFE883B4EFE39F8BD" box="[362,474,1893,1917]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Platypelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens collected by us on the Tsaratanana massif conspecific with the 
<typeStatus id="54818857891FFFAFFAC73B4EFA83F8BD" box="[1317,1376,1893,1917]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">types</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891FFFAFFA653B4DFEB5F860" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891FFFAFFA653B4DFEB5F860" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. tsaratananaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
?
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8536F5891FFFAEFF253B87FC77FD44" blockId="10.[151,1436,1892,2025]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1436,151,644]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
According to our assessment, morphology and color of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891FFFAFFCBB3B85FBD7F805" box="[857,1076,1966,1989]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891FFFAFFCBB3B85FBD7F805" box="[857,1076,1966,1989]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. tsaratananaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="54818857891FFFAFFBD83B86FB89F805" box="[1082,1130,1965,1989]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">type</typeStatus>
series, including the namebearing 
<typeStatus id="54818857891FFFAFFF113BFAFEC0F829" box="[243,291,2001,2025]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">type</typeStatus>
(
<typeStatus id="54818857891FFFAFFED13BFBFE78F828" box="[307,411,2000,2024]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
), largely agree with specimens of the most common 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891FFFAFFC173BFBFB86F828" box="[1013,1125,2000,2024]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891FFFAFFC173BFBFB86F828" box="[1013,1125,2000,2024]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Platypelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in our collections from the Tsaratanana area. These are similarly sized, with a male SVL of 
<quantity id="4CC29B10891EFFAEFC923CBCFC0AFF6F" box="[880,1001,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="26.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="22.0">22–30 mm</quantity>
and a female SVL of 
<quantity id="4CC29B10891EFFAEFB063CBCFA83FF6F" box="[1252,1376,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="27.0" valueMax="33.0" valueMin="21.0">21–33 mm</quantity>
, they have similar relative lengths of toes and fingers (
<figureCitation id="13012A70891EFFAEFD223C97FCE6FF14" box="[704,773,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1711,1734]" captionTargetBox="[151,1356,194,1666]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1690]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Upper part: name bearing types of two nominal species of Platypelis described from the Tsaratanana Massif, Platypelis alticola (originally described as Platyhyla alticola) and P. tsaratananaensis, in dorsal view. The right inset pictures show the hand (above) and foot of the P. tsaratananaensis holotype in ventral view. Lower part: Ventral views of hands and feet (not to scale) of male and female specimens of Platypelis tsaratananaensis in comparison with the morphologically similar P. pollicaris. Note that in both species, males have a larger prepollex (prepollical tubercle) than females, but the male prepollex is much more strongly expressed in P. pollicaris. Furthermore the third toe is distinctly shorter than the fifth toe in P. tsaratananaensis. Note that the apparently reduced first toe in P. tsaratananaensis is due to it being partly overlain by the second toe in the photograph which was taken so that the third and fifth toes are at the same level." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215398/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
), and a similar elongated body with rather short hindlimbs which differ from most other species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFD8A3CCBFD3BFF38" box="[616,728,224,248]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFD8A3CCBFD3BFF38" box="[616,728,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Platypelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The length of the prepollex of males in life is 2.0 ± 
<quantity id="4CC29B10891EFFAEFAA63CF4FA7FFF37" box="[1348,1436,223,247]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
(
<quantity id="4CC29B10891EFFAEFF7D3D2FFECDFEDC" box="[159,302,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="2.05" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.6 mm</quantity>
) and thus slightly larger than in the 
<typeStatus id="54818857891EFFAEFD043D2FFCABFEDC" box="[742,840,260,284]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
which however might be due to the poor state of preservation of this specimen (
<figureCitation id="13012A70891EFFAEFE133D0CFDD4FEFF" box="[497,567,295,319]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1711,1734]" captionTargetBox="[151,1356,194,1666]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1690]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Upper part: name bearing types of two nominal species of Platypelis described from the Tsaratanana Massif, Platypelis alticola (originally described as Platyhyla alticola) and P. tsaratananaensis, in dorsal view. The right inset pictures show the hand (above) and foot of the P. tsaratananaensis holotype in ventral view. Lower part: Ventral views of hands and feet (not to scale) of male and female specimens of Platypelis tsaratananaensis in comparison with the morphologically similar P. pollicaris. Note that in both species, males have a larger prepollex (prepollical tubercle) than females, but the male prepollex is much more strongly expressed in P. pollicaris. Furthermore the third toe is distinctly shorter than the fifth toe in P. tsaratananaensis. Note that the apparently reduced first toe in P. tsaratananaensis is due to it being partly overlain by the second toe in the photograph which was taken so that the third and fifth toes are at the same level." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215398/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). The remains of light transversal stripes on the head in the 
<typeStatus id="54818857891EFFAEFB383D0CFADFFEFF" box="[1242,1340,295,319]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and one 
<typeStatus id="54818857891EFFAEFF753D66FF14FEA5" box="[151,247,333,357]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
are indicative of the yellow-beige markings above and between the eyes interrupted by dark lines typical for specimens assigned to this species in life (
<figureCitation id="13012A70891EFFAEFD7D3D44FD06FE47" box="[671,741,367,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1898,1921]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,517,1877]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,517,1877]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 4. Variation of color in life of Platypelis tsaratananaensis from the Tsaratanana region: (a) ZSM 1644 / 2010 (ZCMV 12607) from Matsabory Maiky campsite; (b) ZSM 1648 / 2010 (ZCMV 12361) from Matsabory Maiky; (c) UADBA uncatalogued from Antevialambazaha campsite; (d) ZSM 1649 / 2010 (ZCMV 12391) from Matsabory Maiky; (e) ZSM 1645 / 2010 (ZCMV 12610) from Matsabory Maiky; (f) UADBA uncatalogued from Antevialambazaha campsite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215400/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Furthermore, the specimens collected by us distinctly differ by genetics and by advertisement calls (see below) from all other nominal species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFBB93DBFFB28FE6C" box="[1115,1227,404,428]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFBB93DBFFB28FE6C" box="[1115,1227,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Platypelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFAE13DBFFA81FE6C" box="[1283,1378,404,428]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFAE13DBFFA81FE6C" box="[1283,1378,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Cophyla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The only possible difference between our specimens and the 
<typeStatus id="54818857891EFFAEFCC73D93FCB6FE10" box="[805,853,440,464]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
series of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFC283D92FB44FE10" box="[970,1191,441,464]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFC283D92FB44FE10" box="[970,1191,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. tsaratananaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the purported fine dark dotting of the ventral side of the latter, according to the original description (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B04891EFFAEFB8F3DF7FB19FE34" author="Guibe" box="[1133,1274,476,500]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Guibe, J. (1974) Batraciens nouveaux de Madagascar. Bulletin du Museum National de Histoire Naturelle Paris 3 rd Series, 171, 1169 - 1192." type="journal article" year="1974">Guibé 1974</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B04891EFFAEFAE83DF7FAA0FE34" author="Guibe" box="[1290,1347,476,500]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Guibe, J. (1978) Les batraciens de Madagascar. Bonner zoologische Monographien, 11, 1 - 140." type="journal article" year="1978">1978</bibRefCitation>
) which however we could not ascertain in the 
<typeStatus id="54818857891EFFAEFDAF3E2BFD6BFDD8" box="[589,648,512,536]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">types</typeStatus>
while other color patterns still were at least faintly recognizable. The 
<typeStatus id="54818857891EFFAEFF753E0EFF31FDFD" box="[151,210,549,573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">types</typeStatus>
were collected in bamboo forest (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B04891EFFAEFDB23E0FFD3FFDFC" author="Guibe" box="[592,732,548,572]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Guibe, J. (1974) Batraciens nouveaux de Madagascar. Bulletin du Museum National de Histoire Naturelle Paris 3 rd Series, 171, 1169 - 1192." type="journal article" year="1974">Guibé 1974,</bibRefCitation>
) similar to our specimens, although our collections came from lower elevations (
<quantity id="4CC29B10891EFFAEFE803E6CFDE2FD9F" box="[354,513,583,607]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="1700.0" valueMax="2300.0" valueMin="1100.0">1100–2300 m</quantity>
) than the 
<typeStatus id="54818857891EFFAEFD953E63FD51FDA0" box="[631,690,584,608]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">types</typeStatus>
(
<quantity id="4CC29B10891EFFAEFD213E6CFCC3FD9F" box="[707,800,583,607]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="2600.0">2600 m</quantity>
). We conclude that the most plausible explanation is to consider our specimens as belonging to 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFDB53E47FC6EFD44" box="[599,909,620,644]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFDB53E47FC6EFD44" box="[599,909,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Platypelis tsaratananaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8536F5891EFFAEFF753E9FFF38FD2F" blockId="11.[151,1437,692,1724]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
(2) Why are our specimens assigned to 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFDBD3E9EFCD8FD0C" box="[607,827,693,716]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFDBD3E9EFCD8FD0C" box="[607,827,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. tsaratananaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
not conspecific with 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFBD63E9FFF32FD2F" authority="Boulenger, 1888" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1888" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pollicaris">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFBD63E9FFAFBFD0C" box="[1076,1304,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Platypelis pollicaris</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B04891EFFAEFAC33E9FFF32FD2F" author="Boulenger" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1888) Descriptions of new reptiles and batrachians from Madagascar. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (6), 1, 101 - 107." type="journal article" year="1888">Boulenger, 1888</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
?
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C320657E891EFFA9FF253ED7FEBDFF14" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8536F5891EFFAEFF253ED7FAE2F97C" blockId="11.[151,1437,692,1724]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
According to Raxworthy 
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFE063ED6FDFEFCD4" box="[484,541,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
(2008), on the Tsaratanana Massif the species 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFBC83ED6FB53FCD4" box="[1066,1200,764,788]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pollicaris">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFBC83ED6FB53FCD4" box="[1066,1200,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. pollicaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very common and occurs from 
<quantity id="4CC29B10891EFFAEFEC43F34FE21FCF7" box="[294,450,799,823]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.45" metricValueMin="1.65" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="2050.0" valueMax="2450.0" valueMin="1650.0">1650–2450 m</quantity>
a.s.l. This species is morphologically quite similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFBC53F0AFAE0FCF8" box="[1063,1283,801,824]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFBC53F0AFAE0FCF8" box="[1063,1283,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. tsaratananaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by elongated shape of the body, strong polymorphism of dorsal color, and preference for bamboo habitat, and doubts may arise whether it might be a senior synonym of the latter. Specimens from various localities in eastern 
<collectingCountry id="F32D7665891EFFAEFAF73F4CFA7FFCBF" box="[1301,1436,871,895]" name="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
assigned to 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFEFC3FA6FD54FC64" authority="Glaw &amp; Vences 2007" authorityName="Glaw &amp; Vences" authorityYear="2007" box="[286,695,908,932]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pollicaris">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFEFC3FA6FE44FC64" box="[286,423,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. pollicaris</emphasis>
(Glaw &amp; Vences 2007)
</taxonomicName>
differ genetically (
<figureCitation id="13012A70891EFFAEFC703FA7FC34FC64" box="[914,983,908,932]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. 50" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1903,1926]" captionTargetBox="[234,1345,481,1864]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[234,1347,481,1864]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. 50 % majority-rule consensus tree from a Bayesian analysis of partial DNA sequences of the 16 S rRNA gene of Platypelis. Values on nodes are posterior probabilities (not shown if &lt;0.95). Cophyla berara was used as the outgroup (not shown)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215403/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
) and by their single-note advertisement call (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B04891EFFAEFF303F84FE50FC07" author="Vences" box="[210,435,943,968]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Vences, M., Glaw, F. &amp; Marquez, R. (eds) (2006) The Calls of the Frogs of Madagascar. 3 Audio CD's and booklet. Alosa, Barcelona." type="book chapter" year="2006">
Vences 
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFED23F9AFE8EFC08" box="[304,365,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
2006
</bibRefCitation>
) from the Tsaratanana populations (specimens collected by us emitted a double-note advertisement call—see below), and we are convinced that these eastern populations are correctly assigned to the name 
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFF393FD2FE89FBD0" box="[219,362,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFF393FD2FE86FBD0" box="[219,357,1016,1040]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pollicaris">P. pollicaris</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
based on the following rationale: The 
<typeStatus id="54818857891EFFAEFCC23FDCFC61FBCF" box="[800,898,1015,1039]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFC4B3FD2FBD3FBD0" box="[937,1072,1016,1040]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pollicaris">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFC4B3FD2FBD3FBD0" box="[937,1072,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. pollicaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was collected by Rev. R. Baron and described in 1888, without a clear indication of the 
<typeStatus id="54818857891EFFAEFCE73836FCD6FBF5" box="[773,821,1053,1077]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
locality. 
<collectingCountry id="F32D7665891EFFAEFC7E3837FC58FBF4" box="[924,955,1052,1076]" name="American Samoa" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">As</collectingCountry>
discussed in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B04891EFFAEFBB33837FABDFBF4" box="[1105,1374,1052,1076]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Ratsoavina, F. M., Louis Jr., E. E., Crottini, A., Randrianiaina, R. D., Glaw, F. &amp; Vences, M. (2011) A new leaf tailed gecko species from northern Madagascar with a preliminary assessment of molecular and morphological variability in the Uroplatus ebenaui group. Zootaxa, 3022, 39 - 57." type="journal article">
Ratsoavina 
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFB363836FAEFFBF4" box="[1236,1292,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
(2011)
</bibRefCitation>
, Rev. Baron travelled extensively throughout 
<collectingCountry id="F32D7665891EFFAEFDBB3814FD01FB97" box="[601,738,1087,1111]" name="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
, but apparently reached the northwest, north and northeast of the island only after 1891 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B04891EFFAEFE27384FFDDCFBBC" author="Dorr" box="[453,575,1124,1148]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Dorr, L. J. (1997) Plant Collectors in Madagascar and the Comoro Islands. Kew. London." type="book" year="1997">Dorr 1997</bibRefCitation>
). Furthermore, all 
<collectingCountry id="F32D7665891EFFAEFCF3384FFC9DFBBC" box="[785,894,1124,1148]" name="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Malagasy</collectingCountry>
amphibians and reptiles collected by Baron and described by Boulenger with clear 
<typeStatus id="54818857891EFFAEFDFE38A2FDAFFB61" box="[540,588,1161,1185]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
locality information are from 
<typeStatus id="54818857891EFFAEFC7F38A2FC2EFB61" box="[925,973,1161,1185]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
localities in the central eastern portion of 
<collectingCountry id="F32D7665891EFFAEFF753887FEC3FB04" box="[151,288,1196,1220]" name="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
, far from Tsaratanana. The 
<typeStatus id="54818857891EFFAEFD833886FD72FB05" box="[609,657,1197,1221]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFD593886FCA7FB04" box="[699,836,1196,1220]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pollicaris">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFD593886FCA7FB04" box="[699,836,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. pollicaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from our Tsaratanana specimens, and agrees with specimens of eastern 
<collectingCountry id="F32D7665891EFFAEFE3138FBFDB9FB28" box="[467,602,1232,1256]" name="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
assigned to this name, by two faint but rather constant morphological characters, relative toe length and size of prepollical tubercle in males. First, as stated above, the Tsaratanana specimens (including the 
<typeStatus id="54818857891EFFAEFE543933FDFBFAF0" box="[438,536,1304,1328]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFDDE3932FCF4FAF0" box="[572,791,1305,1328]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFDDE3932FCF4FAF0" box="[572,791,1305,1328]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. tsaratananaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), have a third toe distinctly shorter than the fifth toe (
<figureCitation id="13012A70891EFFAEFA8D3933FF4BFA94" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1711,1734]" captionTargetBox="[151,1356,194,1666]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1690]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Upper part: name bearing types of two nominal species of Platypelis described from the Tsaratanana Massif, Platypelis alticola (originally described as Platyhyla alticola) and P. tsaratananaensis, in dorsal view. The right inset pictures show the hand (above) and foot of the P. tsaratananaensis holotype in ventral view. Lower part: Ventral views of hands and feet (not to scale) of male and female specimens of Platypelis tsaratananaensis in comparison with the morphologically similar P. pollicaris. Note that in both species, males have a larger prepollex (prepollical tubercle) than females, but the male prepollex is much more strongly expressed in P. pollicaris. Furthermore the third toe is distinctly shorter than the fifth toe in P. tsaratananaensis. Note that the apparently reduced first toe in P. tsaratananaensis is due to it being partly overlain by the second toe in the photograph which was taken so that the third and fifth toes are at the same level." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215398/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Relative toe length was not mentioned in the original description of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFC033916FB88FA94" box="[993,1131,1340,1364]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pollicaris">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFC033916FB88FA94" box="[993,1131,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. pollicaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B04891EFFAEFB7F3917FA8BFA94" author="Boulenger" box="[1181,1384,1340,1364]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1888) Descriptions of new reptiles and batrachians from Madagascar. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (6), 1, 101 - 107." type="journal article" year="1888">Boulenger (1888)</bibRefCitation>
, but 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B04891EFFAEFF75394BFDDEFAB8" author="Blommers-Schlosser" box="[151,573,1376,1400]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Blommers-Schlosser, R. M. A. &amp; Blanc, C. P. (1991) Amphibiens (premiere partie). Faune de Madagascar, 75, 1 - 379." type="journal article" year="1991">Blommers-Schlösser &amp; Blanc (1991)</bibRefCitation>
who examined the 
<typeStatus id="54818857891EFFAEFCC0394BFC67FAB8" box="[802,900,1376,1400]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFC4F394AFBD5FAB8" box="[941,1078,1376,1400]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pollicaris">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFC4F394AFBD5FAB8" box="[941,1078,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. pollicaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stated that the fifth toe is only slightly longer than the third toe. This agrees with specimens assigned by us to 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFBFA39AEFB7CFA5C" box="[1048,1183,1412,1436]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pollicaris">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFBFA39AEFB7CFA5C" box="[1048,1183,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. pollicaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but less so with the 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFA6539AEFEB5FA00" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFA6539AEFEB5FA00" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. tsaratananaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens where the difference between the two toes is strongly marked, not fitting a characterization as faint. Second, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFDC139E6FD4DFA24" box="[547,686,1484,1508]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pollicaris">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFDC139E6FD4DFA24" box="[547,686,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. pollicaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterized by a strongly developed prepollical tubercle in males, which probably was even the reason for its scientific name. This tubercle is visible in the 
<typeStatus id="54818857891EFFAEFB3539DBFADAF9C8" box="[1239,1337,1520,1544]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
drawing of the original description (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B04891EFFAEFE293A3FFD61F9EC" author="Boulenger" box="[459,642,1556,1580]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1888) Descriptions of new reptiles and batrachians from Madagascar. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (6), 1, 101 - 107." type="journal article" year="1888">Boulenger 1888</bibRefCitation>
) and is obvious in specimens from eastern 
<collectingCountry id="F32D7665891EFFAEFB8F3A3FFB17F9EC" box="[1133,1268,1556,1580]" name="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
that we assign to the species but less distinct in Tsaratanana specimens (
<figureCitation id="13012A70891EFFAEFCDA3A13FC62F990" box="[824,897,1592,1616]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1711,1734]" captionTargetBox="[151,1356,194,1666]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1690]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Upper part: name bearing types of two nominal species of Platypelis described from the Tsaratanana Massif, Platypelis alticola (originally described as Platyhyla alticola) and P. tsaratananaensis, in dorsal view. The right inset pictures show the hand (above) and foot of the P. tsaratananaensis holotype in ventral view. Lower part: Ventral views of hands and feet (not to scale) of male and female specimens of Platypelis tsaratananaensis in comparison with the morphologically similar P. pollicaris. Note that in both species, males have a larger prepollex (prepollical tubercle) than females, but the male prepollex is much more strongly expressed in P. pollicaris. Furthermore the third toe is distinctly shorter than the fifth toe in P. tsaratananaensis. Note that the apparently reduced first toe in P. tsaratananaensis is due to it being partly overlain by the second toe in the photograph which was taken so that the third and fifth toes are at the same level." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215398/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Based on these historical and morphological arguments we conclude that the name 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFDB73A76FD3DF9B4" box="[597,734,1628,1652]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pollicaris">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFDB73A76FD3DF9B4" box="[597,734,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. pollicaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is correctly assigned to specimens from eastern 
<collectingCountry id="F32D7665891EFFAEFAF73A77FA7FF9B4" box="[1301,1436,1628,1652]" name="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(e.g., by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B04891EFFAEFEEA3AAAFE0CF958" author="Vences" box="[264,495,1664,1688]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Vences, M., Glaw, F. &amp; Marquez, R. (eds) (2006) The Calls of the Frogs of Madagascar. 3 Audio CD's and booklet. Alosa, Barcelona." type="book chapter" year="2006">
Vences 
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFE843AAAFE46F958" box="[358,421,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
2006
</bibRefCitation>
; Glaw &amp; Vences 2007), and that based on bioacoustic, molecular and (faint) morphological differences, these populations are not conspecific with our material from Tsaratanana.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8536F5891EFFAEFF753AC7FC7FF8C4" blockId="11.[151,1436,1772,2013]" box="[151,924,1772,1796]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
(3) Did Raxworthy 
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFE913AC6FE48F8C4" box="[371,427,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
(2008) observe 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFD803AC6FD0BF8C4" box="[610,744,1772,1796]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pollicaris">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFD803AC6FD0BF8C4" box="[610,744,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. pollicaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at Tsaratanana?
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8536F5891EFFA9FF253B24FEBDFF14" blockId="11.[151,1436,1772,2013]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1436,151,464]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
These authors reported 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFE363B3AFDBFF8E8" box="[468,604,1808,1832]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pollicaris">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFE363B3AFDBFF8E8" box="[468,604,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. pollicaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from various sites along the Maromokotro trail, and altogether found 
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD7C891EFFAEFA623B24FEEFF88C" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="generic">14 specimens</specimenCount>
from 
<quantity id="4CC29B10891EFFAEFEB63B1FFDE8F88C" box="[340,523,1844,1868]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.45" metricValueMin="1.65" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="2050.0" valueMax="2450.0" valueMin="1650.0">
<date id="FF841035891EFFAEFEB63B1FFE0FF88C" box="[340,492,1844,1868]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1650" valueMax="2450">1650 to 2450</date>
m
</quantity>
elevation. We did not re-examine their material and therefore cannot make any definite statement on the identity of this material. However, given that (a) in this elevational range and along the same trail, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFEF03B56FDEBF854" box="[274,520,1917,1940]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratanananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFEF03B56FDEBF854" box="[274,520,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. tsaratanananaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was very common and reproductively active during our own expedition while we never heard the typical call of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFE0A3B8AFD8CF878" box="[488,623,1952,1976]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pollicaris">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFE0A3B8AFD8CF878" box="[488,623,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. pollicaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the whole region, (b) Raxworthy 
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFBE63B8AFBD8F878" box="[1028,1083,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
(2008) did not assign any other of their specimens to 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFE6E3BEEFD8BF81C" box="[396,616,1989,2012]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFE6E3BEEFD8BF81C" box="[396,616,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. tsaratananaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (c) 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFD7D3BEEFC98F81C" box="[671,891,1989,2012]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFD7D3BEEFC98F81C" box="[671,891,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. tsaratananaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is morphologically very similar to 
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891EFFAEFAEF3BEEFA78F81C" box="[1293,1435,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891EFFAEFAEF3BEEFA7BF81C" box="[1293,1432,1988,2012]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pollicaris">P. pollicaris</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
we hypothesize that the specimens assigned by Raxworthy 
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78919FFA9FCA23CB2FC99FF70" box="[832,890,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al.</emphasis>
(2008) to 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768919FFA9FC143CB2FB9DFF70" box="[1014,1150,152,176]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pollicaris">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78919FFA9FC143CB2FB9DFF70" box="[1014,1150,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P. pollicaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may in fact belong to 
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78919FFA9FA653CB2FEBDFF14" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768919FFA9FA653CB2FEB9FF14" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">P. tsaratananaensis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C320657E8919FFABFF253CF4FEA6FF14" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B8536F58919FFA9FF253CF4FC4FFE0F" blockId="12.[151,1436,151,464]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78919FFA9FF253CF4FDF5FF38" bold="true" box="[199,534,223,248]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Diagnosis and comparisons.</emphasis>
Assigned to the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768919FFA9FCC23CCBFC73FF38" box="[800,912,224,248]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78919FFA9FCC23CCBFC73FF38" box="[800,912,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Platypelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768919FFA9FC033CF4FB81FF37" box="[993,1122,223,247]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cophylinae">Cophylinae</taxonomicName>
based on enlarged terminal discs on fingers and toes, absence of finger-like prepollex, absence of nuptial pads, occurrence in 
<collectingCountry id="F32D76658919FFA9FB3D3D2FFA8BFEDC" box="[1247,1384,260,284]" name="Madagascar" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
, and molecular phylogenetic relationships. Distinguished from all other cophyline species with enlarged discs on fingers and toes by combination of the following character states: medium body size (adult SVL 
<quantity id="4CC29B108919FFA9FB293D67FAAEFEA4" box="[1227,1357,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="33.0" valueMin="22.0">22–33 mm</quantity>
), most specimens with colored patches above the eyes, absence of reddish or yellowish ventral color, no sharp border between dorsal and lateral color, toe 3 distinctly shorter than toe 5, vomerine teeth present, males with prepollical tubercle but lacking a finger-like prepollex as typical for 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768919FFA9FCF43D93FC46FE10" box="[790,933,440,464]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Anodonthyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78919FFA9FCF43D93FC46FE10" box="[790,933,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Anodonthyla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF45667D8919FFA9FF753B41FB3BF81C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215400/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" targetBox="[151,1435,517,1877]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="8B8536F58919FFA9FF753B41FB3BF81C" blockId="12.[151,1436,1898,2012]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78919FFA9FF753B41FEF0F840" bold="true" box="[151,275,1898,1921]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Variation of color in life of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768919FFA9FDD33B41FCAAF840" box="[561,841,1898,1920]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78919FFA9FDD33B41FCAAF840" box="[561,841,1898,1920]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Platypelis tsaratananaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Tsaratanana region: (a) ZSM 1644/2010 (ZCMV 12607) from Matsabory Maiky campsite; (b) ZSM 1648/2010 (ZCMV 12361) from Matsabory Maiky; (c) UADBA uncatalogued from Antevialambazaha campsite; (d) ZSM 1649/2010 (ZCMV 12391) from Matsabory Maiky; (e) ZSM 1645/ 2010 (ZCMV 12610) from Matsabory Maiky; (f) UADBA uncatalogued from Antevialambazaha campsite.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF45667D8918FFA8FF753A67FC51F960" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215401/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" targetBox="[168,1417,193,1591]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="8B8536F58918FFA8FF753A67FC51F960" blockId="13.[151,1436,1612,1696]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78918FFA8FF753A67FEF7F9A2" bold="true" box="[151,276,1612,1635]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768918FFA8FE533A66FDBBF9A3" box="[433,600,1613,1635]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olgae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78918FFA8FE533A66FDBBF9A3" box="[433,600,1613,1635]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Platypelis olgae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27D579C8918FFA8FD823A66FD50F9A2" box="[608,691,1613,1634]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78918FFA8FD823A66FD50F9A2" bold="true" box="[608,691,1613,1634]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
in life. (a) Male holotype, ZSM 1666/2010 [ZCMV 12402]) from near Andranomadio (Maromokotro trail camp 4);(b) female paratype ZSM 1667/2010 (ZCMV 12428) and (c) male paratype ZSM 1668/2010 (DRV 6225) from Amboditsaratanana (Maromokotro trail camp 5).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8536F58918FFABFF253AECFEA6FF14" blockId="13.[151,1437,1735,2011]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1436,151,212]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Distinguished from all other species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768918FFA8FD7E3AE3FCEFF920" box="[668,780,1736,1760]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78918FFA8FD7E3AE3FCEFF920" box="[668,780,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Platypelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768918FFA8FCA93AE3FC49F920" box="[843,938,1736,1760]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78918FFA8FCA93AE3FC49F920" box="[843,938,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Cophyla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by relative toe length (third toe distinctly shorter than fifth toe, vs. only slightly shorter, of equal length, or longer), and by advertisement call (consisting of double-note calls vs. single-note calls). Further distinguished from 
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78918FFA8FC693B3BFB3BF8E8" box="[907,1240,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768918FFA8FC693B3BFBB9F8E8" box="[907,1114,1808,1832]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alticola">Platypelis alticola</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768918FFA8FB843B3AFB3BF8E8" box="[1126,1240,1808,1832]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grandis">P. grandis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768918FFA8FAED3B3AFA7FF8E8" box="[1295,1436,1808,1832]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberifera">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78918FFA8FAED3B3AFA7FF8E8" box="[1295,1436,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. tuberifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by usually smaller body size (adult SVL 
<quantity id="4CC29B108918FFA8FDBD3B18FD34F88B" box="[607,727,1843,1867]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="33.0" valueMin="22.0">22–33 mm</quantity>
but usually below 
<quantity id="4CC29B108918FFA8FC493B18FC1FF88B" box="[939,1020,1843,1867]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
, vs. 
<quantity id="4CC29B108918FFA8FBCC3B18FB5AF88B" box="[1070,1209,1843,1867]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" metricValueMax="10.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="67.5" valueMax="105.0" valueMin="30.0">30–105 mm</quantity>
); from 
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78918FFA8FAEB3B1FFF15F8B0" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768918FFA8FAEB3B1FFA74F88C" box="[1289,1431,1844,1868]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Cophyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occultans">C. occultans</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768918FFA8FF753B72FF10F8B0" box="[151,243,1881,1904]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravus">P. ravus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768918FFA8FECE3B72FE9FF8B0" box="[300,380,1881,1904]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tetra">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78918FFA8FECE3B72FE9FF8B0" box="[300,380,1881,1904]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. tetra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by larger size (SVL 
<quantity id="4CC29B108918FFA8FD803B7CFD39F8B0" box="[610,730,1879,1904]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="33.0" valueMin="22.0">22–33 mm</quantity>
vs. 
<quantity id="4CC29B108918FFA8FCE43B7CFC62F8B0" box="[774,897,1879,1904]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="18.5" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="16.0">16–21 mm</quantity>
; from 
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78918FFA8FC2B3B72FA8EF8B0" box="[969,1389,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768918FFA8FC2B3B72FBA9F8B0" box="[969,1098,1880,1904]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbouri">P. barbouri</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768918FFA8FBB73B72FB2BF8B0" box="[1109,1224,1880,1904]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grandis">P. grandis</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768918FFA8FB303B72FA8AF8B0" box="[1234,1385,1881,1904]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mavomavo">P. mavomavo</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768918FFA8FF753B56FF0BF854" box="[151,232,1917,1940]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tetra">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78918FFA8FF753B56FF0BF854" box="[151,232,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. tetra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by a completely smooth dorsum (vs. tuberculated), from 
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78918FFA8FC8C3B56FAE8F854" box="[878,1291,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768918FFA8FC8C3B56FC13F854" box="[878,1008,1916,1940]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbouri">P. barbouri</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768918FFA8FC1E3B56FB87F854" box="[1020,1124,1916,1940]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="milloti">P. milloti</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768918FFA8FB8D3B56FAE4F854" box="[1135,1287,1917,1940]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mavomavo">P. mavomavo</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768918FFA8FAA03B56FA7FF854" box="[1346,1436,1917,1940]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ravus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78918FFA8FAA03B56FA7FF854" box="[1346,1436,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">P. ravus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by always uniform greyish ventral side (vs. reddish or yellow color on venter and/or ventral side of hindlimbs). Furthermore distinguished from all other arboreal microhylids included in our analysis by a substantial genetic differentiation as indicated by mitochondrial DNA (&gt;10% uncorrected pairwise divergence in the 16S fragment studied herein).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF45667D891BFFABFF753A65FEDFF93E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215402/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" targetBox="[177,1430,275,1591]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="8B8536F5891BFFABFF753A65FEDFF93E" blockId="14.[151,1436,1614,1790]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891BFFABFF753A65FEF7F9A4" bold="true" box="[151,276,1614,1637]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
Ventral sides of the four species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891BFFABFD6A3A64FD0EF9A5" box="[648,749,1615,1637]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891BFFABFD6A3A64FD0EF9A5" box="[648,749,1615,1637]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Platypelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
found in the Tsaratanana Massif, photographed from specimens in life. Inset photos show the same specimens in dorsolateral view. (a) 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891BFFABFC8C3A44FB42F943" authority="Matsabory Maiky" authorityName="Matsabory Maiky" box="[878,1185,1645,1668]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alticola">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891BFFABFC8C3A44FC3DF944" box="[878,990,1646,1668]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. alticola,</emphasis>
Matsabory Maiky
</taxonomicName>
, female; (b) 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891BFFABFACE3A44FEB5F962" authority="Antevialambazaha" authorityName="Antevialambazaha" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alticola">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891BFFABFACE3A44FA7FF944" box="[1324,1436,1646,1668]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. alticola,</emphasis>
Antevialambazaha
</taxonomicName>
, probable male; (c) 
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891BFFABFDFC3AA6FD08F962" box="[542,747,1677,1698]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891BFFABFDFC3AA6FD04F962" box="[542,743,1677,1698]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">P. tsaratananaensis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
female, Matsabory Maiky (ZSM 1648/2010 [ZCMV 12361]); (d) 
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891BFFABFA6B3AA6FEA8F901" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891BFFABFA6B3AA6FEA4F901" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">P. tsaratananaensis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
male, Matsabory Maiky; (e) 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891BFFABFD7A3A87FD12F901" box="[664,753,1707,1729]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olgae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891BFFABFD7A3A87FD12F901" box="[664,753,1707,1729]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. olgae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891BFFABFD1C3A80FCB5F900" bold="true" box="[766,854,1707,1728]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27D579C891BFFABFD1C3A80FCB5F900" box="[766,854,1707,1728]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(female paratype, ZSM 1667/2010 [ZCMV 12428]), Amboditsaratanana; (f) 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891BFFABFE693AE0FE3DF91F" box="[395,478,1737,1760]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olgae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891BFFABFE693AE0FE3DF91F" box="[395,478,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. olgae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891BFFABFE063AE1FDD5F91F" bold="true" box="[484,566,1738,1759]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27D579C891BFFABFE063AE1FDD5F91F" box="[484,566,1738,1759]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(male holotype, ZSM 1666/2010 [ZCMV 12402]), near Andranomadio; (g) 
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891BFFABFAA93AE0FAB8F920" box="[1355,1371,1739,1760]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P.</emphasis>
sp. 8, Antsahamanara.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C320657E891BFFAAFF253B0EFD35FE68" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8536F5891BFFAAFF253B0EFD35FE68" blockId="14.[151,1436,1829,2031]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1437,151,2021]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891BFFABFF253B0EFE56F8FE" bold="true" box="[199,437,1829,1854]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Material examined.</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891BFFABFE223B0DFDF5F8FD" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[448,534,1830,1853]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">MNHN</collectionCode>
1993.685 (
<typeStatus id="54818857891BFFABFD7F3B0EFCE1F8FD" box="[669,770,1829,1853]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
) and 
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891BFFABFCA83B0DFC7CF8FD" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[842,927,1830,1853]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">MNHN</collectionCode>
1993.686–690 (
<typeStatus id="54818857891BFFABFBBD3B0EFB33F8FD" box="[1119,1232,1829,1853]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
), all collected on Tsaratanana massif (bamboo forest, 
<quantity id="4CC29B10891BFFABFDD93B62FD76F8A1" box="[571,661,1865,1889]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="2600.0">2600 m</quantity>
) by R. Paulian in 
<date id="FF841035891BFFABFC913B62FBF0F8A1" box="[883,1043,1865,1889]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1949-10">October 1949</date>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891BFFABFBC13B62FBBFF8A1" box="[1059,1116,1865,1889]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZSM</collectionCode>
1638/2010 (
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891BFFABFB133B62FAA7F8A1" box="[1265,1348,1865,1889]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZCMV</collectionCode>
12335, juvenile), 
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891BFFABFEF63B47FEADF844" box="[276,334,1900,1924]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZSM</collectionCode>
1639/2010 (
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891BFFABFE103B47FDA6F844" box="[498,581,1900,1924]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZCMV</collectionCode>
12336), 
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891BFFABFD223B47FD1AF844" box="[704,761,1900,1924]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZSM</collectionCode>
1640/2010 (
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891BFFABFC7F3B47FC13F844" box="[925,1008,1900,1924]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZCMV</collectionCode>
12337), all collected at Camp 1 (Antevialambazaha); 
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891BFFABFE683BBBFE20F868" box="[394,451,1936,1960]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZSM</collectionCode>
1641/2010 (DRV 6105, male), 
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891BFFABFCC93BBBFC86F868" box="[811,869,1936,1960]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZSM</collectionCode>
1642/2010 (DRV 6107, female), 
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891BFFABFB013BBBFAFEF868" box="[1251,1309,1936,1960]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZSM</collectionCode>
1643/2010 (DRV 6129), all collected at Camp 1 (Antevialambazaha) on 
<date id="FF841035891BFFABFCB33B98FBF6F80B" box="[849,1045,1971,1995]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2010-06-10" valueMax="2010-06-11" valueMin="2010-06-10">10–11 June 2010</date>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891BFFABFBC03B98FBB8F80B" box="[1058,1115,1971,1995]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZSM</collectionCode>
1644/2010 (
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891BFFABFB093B98FADDF80B" box="[1259,1342,1971,1995]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZCMV</collectionCode>
12607), 
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891BFFABFF753BFCFF33F82F" box="[151,208,2007,2031]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZSM</collectionCode>
1645/2010 (
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891BFFABFEBC3BFCFE52F82F" box="[350,433,2007,2031]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZCMV</collectionCode>
12610), 
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891BFFABFDF73BFCFDACF82F" box="[533,591,2007,2031]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZSM</collectionCode>
1646/2010 (
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891BFFABFD3E3BFCFCCCF82F" box="[732,815,2007,2031]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZCMV</collectionCode>
12612), all collected at Camp 2 (Matsabory Maiky) on 
<date id="FF841035891AFFAAFF753CBCFEBAFF6F" box="[151,345,151,175]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2010-06-15" valueMax="2010-06-20" valueMin="2010-06-15">15–20 June 2010</date>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891AFFAAFE873CBCFE7DFF6F" box="[357,414,151,175]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">ZSM</collectionCode>
1647/2010 (
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891AFFAAFDC93CBCFD9DFF6F" box="[555,638,151,175]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">ZCMV</collectionCode>
12360, male), 
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891AFFAAFCC53CBCFC83FF6F" box="[807,864,151,175]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">ZSM</collectionCode>
1648/2010 (
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891AFFAAFC0F3CBCFBA3FF6F" box="[1005,1088,151,175]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">ZCMV</collectionCode>
12361, female), both collected at Camp 2 (Matsabory Maiky) on 
<date id="FF841035891AFFAAFDC63C90FD0FFF13" box="[548,748,187,211]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2010-06-10" valueMax="2010-06-11" valueMin="2010-06-10">10–11 June 2010</date>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891AFFAAFD1B3C90FCD1FF13" box="[761,818,187,211]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">ZSM</collectionCode>
1649/2010 (
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891AFFAAFC263C90FBF4FF13" box="[964,1047,187,211]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">ZCMV</collectionCode>
12391, adult male, call voucher), collected at Camp 2 (Matsabory Maiky) on 
<date id="FF841035891AFFAAFD6A3CF4FCC1FF37" box="[648,802,223,247]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2010-06-12">12 June 2010</date>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891AFFAAFCCC3CF4FC8BFF37" box="[814,872,223,247]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">ZSM</collectionCode>
1651/2010 (DRV 6202, small juvenile), collected at Camp 3 (Bepia) on 
<date id="FF841035891AFFAAFE6D3D29FDCBFEDA" box="[399,552,258,282]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2010-06-15">15 June 2010</date>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891AFFAAFDD13D29FD8FFEDA" box="[563,620,258,282]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">ZSM</collectionCode>
1650/2010 (
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891AFFAAFD183D29FCAEFEDA" box="[762,845,258,282]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">ZCMV</collectionCode>
12566, female with large oocytes), collected at river crossing near Bemanevika village, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0E5032891AFFAAFDD23D0DFD54FEFE" box="[560,695,294,318]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" precision="1" value="-14.48251">14.48251°S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0E5032891AFFAAFD243D0DFCACFEFE" box="[710,847,294,318]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" precision="1" value="48.62723">48.62723°E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CC29B10891AFFAAFCBC3D0DFC55FEFE" box="[862,950,294,318]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.109" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="1109.0">1109 m</quantity>
a.s.l., on 
<date id="FF841035891AFFAAFBCD3D0DFB33FEFE" box="[1071,1232,294,318]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2010-06-29">29 June 2010</date>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891AFFAAFB023D0DFAF9FEFE" box="[1248,1306,294,318]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">ZSM</collectionCode>
1652/2010 (DRV 6299), 
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891AFFAAFEDE3D62FE95FEA1" box="[316,374,329,353]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">ZSM</collectionCode>
1653/2010 (DRV 6300, male, call voucher) collected by F. Ratsoavina at Andrevorevo, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0E5032891AFFAAFF753D47FEECFE44" box="[151,271,364,388]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" precision="5" value="-14.3464">14.3464°S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE0E5032891AFFAAFEFD3D47FE79FE44" box="[287,410,364,388]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" precision="5" value="49.1028">49.1028°E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CC29B10891AFFAAFE4B3D47FDE1FE44" box="[425,514,364,388]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7169999999999999" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="1717.0">1717 m</quantity>
a.s.l., on 
<date id="FF841035891AFFAAFD9E3D47FCFDFE44" box="[636,798,364,388]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="2010-06-21">21 June 2010</date>
. Additional specimens were deposited in the 
<collectionCode id="ED2BAE30891AFFAAFADA3D46FA7FFE45" box="[1336,1436,365,389]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/q3sh-smdb" name="University dAntananarivo, Department de Biologie Animale" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">UADBA</collectionCode>
collection and not examined in detail for this study.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C320657E891AFFB5FF253D98FB2FFA58" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8536F5891AFFAAFF253D98FF37FBE6" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891AFFAAFF253D98FE97FE0C" bold="true" box="[199,372,435,460]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Redescription.</emphasis>
Because of the poor state of preservation of the 
<typeStatus id="54818857891AFFAAFC5A3D98FBFEFE0B" box="[952,1053,435,459]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, we here provide a redescription based on a newly collected adult male, ZSM 1649/2010 (ZCMV 12391). Specimen in good state of preservation, some muscle tissue removed from right thigh, snout–vent length 
<quantity id="4CC29B10891AFFAAFC8D3DD1FC35FDD2" box="[879,982,506,530]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6399999999999997" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="26.4">26.4 mm</quantity>
. Body very slender; head slightly longer than wide, very slightly wider than body; snout rounded in dorsal and lateral views; nostrils directed dorsolaterally, not protuberant, slightly nearer to tip of snout than to eye; canthus rostralis indistinct; loreal region plain; tympanum distinct, 54% of eye diameter; supratympanic fold very indistinct, virtually absent; tongue ovoid, not bifid or notched; maxillary teeth distinct; vomerine teeth distinctly recognizable as two round groups on a bony ark; choanae rounded. Forelimbs very slender; subarticular tubercles moderately distinct; outer metacarpal tubercle moderately distinct, relatively small and flat; inner metacarpal tubercle large, forming distinct protuberance at base of first finger; hand with only traces of webbing between fingers; fingers distinctly flattened and broad along entire length; relative length of fingers 1&lt;2&lt;4&lt;3, fourth finger distinctly longer than second; finger discs distinctly enlarged, slightly triangular; nuptial pads absent. Hindlimbs slender; tibiotarsal articulation reaching between forelimb and tympanum when hindlimb adpressed along body; tibia length, 40% of SVL; lateral metatarsalia strongly connected; inner and outer metatarsal tubercles small, difficult to recognize; distinct webbing between toe 3 and 4 and less developed between toe 4 and 5; subarticular tubercles on toes moderately well recognizable; toes moderately broad along their entire length; relative length of toes 1&lt;2&lt;3&lt;5&lt;4, toe 5 distinctly longer than toe 3. Dorsal skin smooth, without dorsolateral folds. Ventral skin smooth on throat and chest and moderately granular on belly.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8536F5891AFFAAFF253819FBB2FB51" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">After two years in 70% ethanol, dorsum, thighs and shanks grey with numerous small and well delimited blackish spots; head grey with much less dark spotting; blackish skin above eyes. Forelimbs and hindlimbs without crossbands. Ventrally, throat and limbs uniformly yellowish, belly uniformly greyish.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8536F5891AFFAAFF2538B7FE83FA33" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891AFFAAFF2538B7FDEBFB75" bold="true" box="[199,520,1180,1205]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Variation and distribution.</emphasis>
Specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891AFFAAFD4D38B5FC69FB75" box="[687,906,1182,1205]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891AFFAAFD4D38B5FC69FB75" box="[687,906,1182,1205]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. tsaratananaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were characterized by a remarkable variability in color and pattern in life (
<figureCitation id="13012A70891AFFAAFE323894FDF4FB17" box="[464,535,1215,1239]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1898,1921]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,517,1877]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,517,1877]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 4. Variation of color in life of Platypelis tsaratananaensis from the Tsaratanana region: (a) ZSM 1644 / 2010 (ZCMV 12607) from Matsabory Maiky campsite; (b) ZSM 1648 / 2010 (ZCMV 12361) from Matsabory Maiky; (c) UADBA uncatalogued from Antevialambazaha campsite; (d) ZSM 1649 / 2010 (ZCMV 12391) from Matsabory Maiky; (e) ZSM 1645 / 2010 (ZCMV 12610) from Matsabory Maiky; (f) UADBA uncatalogued from Antevialambazaha campsite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215400/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Of 156 individuals, nine (5.6%) had a yellow to orange vertebral stripe. Most individuals had yellow to beige patches above the eyes which sometimes were large, continuous and contrasting, and sometimes were rather formed as an irregular network of small colored markings. Often a dark line was present between the eyes, and sometimes this black line formed the border of a large light patch on the anterior head. The flanks sometimes had distinct light spotting. The ventral side was always uniform greyish and somewhat translucent. Based on 
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD7C891AFFAAFE74395AFDDDFA49" box="[406,574,1393,1417]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="generic">156 specimens</specimenCount>
all measured at Matsabory Maiky in the field, males were slightly smaller than females: male SVL was 25.2 ± 
<quantity id="4CC29B10891AFFAAFDB139BFFD4CFA6C" box="[595,687,1428,1452]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
(
<quantity id="4CC29B10891AFFAAFD2139BFFC8CFA6C" box="[707,879,1428,1452]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.595" metricValueMax="2.98" metricValueMin="2.21" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="25.95" valueMax="29.8" valueMin="22.1">22.1–29.8 mm</quantity>
, N= 58) and female SVL was 25.9 ± 
<quantity id="4CC29B10891AFFAAFAA339BFFA7FFA6C" box="[1345,1436,1428,1452]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
(21.0– 
<quantity id="4CC29B10891AFFAAFF3D3993FEAAFA10" box="[223,329,1464,1488]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="32.5">32.5 mm</quantity>
, N= 98) (Mann-Whitney U-test, Z=2.281, P = 0.023). All specimens had a smooth dorsal skin without tubercles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8536F5891AFFAAFF2539D5FCEBF8F3" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891AFFAAFF2539D5FDC5F9D7" bold="true" box="[199,550,1534,1559]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Habitat and natural history.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891AFFAAFDD339D4FC8FF9D7" box="[561,876,1535,1559]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891AFFAAFDD339D4FC8FF9D7" box="[561,876,1535,1559]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Platypelis tsaratananaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was almost exclusively found on bamboo, and occurred in high densities in bamboo forest with relatively large plants that we provisionally identified as belonging to the genera 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891AFFAAFE4A3A6DFDD0F99E" box="[424,563,1606,1630]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Arundinaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891AFFAAFE4A3A6DFDD0F99E" box="[424,563,1606,1630]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Arundinaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891AFFAAFD883A6CFD55F99E" box="[618,694,1607,1630]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Nastus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891AFFAAFD883A6CFD55F99E" box="[618,694,1607,1630]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Nastus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Bamboo shrubs were found commonly on the Tsaratanana but at high altitudes the plants were small and the segments probably unsuitable for 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891AFFAAFBF13A42FB60F941" box="[1043,1155,1641,1665]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891AFFAAFBF13A42FB60F941" box="[1043,1155,1641,1665]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Platypelis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
reproduction because of the small diameter of internodes which furthermore did not appear to contain water; 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891AFFAAFB673AA5FA86F965" box="[1157,1381,1678,1701]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891AFFAAFB673AA5FA86F965" box="[1157,1381,1678,1701]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. tsaratananaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was consequently very rare in these areas. Typically, the species was found in bamboo segments with a small hole, probably made by insects emerging from the bamboo stem after completing their larval development therein, and in some cases opened by the nocturnal lemur 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891AFFAAFD723ADCFAC2F8CF" authority="Rakotoarison et al. 2010" authorityName="Rakotoarison et al." authorityYear="2010" box="[656,1313,1783,1807]" class="Mammalia" family="Daubentoniidae" genus="Daubentonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891AFFAAFD723ADCFC10F8CF" box="[656,1011,1783,1807]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Daubentonia madagascariensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB4B04891AFFAAFBE33ADCFAFAF8CF" author="Rakotoarison" box="[1025,1305,1783,1807]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Rakotoarison, A., Rasamison, S. A., Rajeriarion, E., Vieites, D. R. &amp; Vences, M. (2010) Hypotheses on ecological interactions between the aye-aye (Daubentonia madagascariensis) and microhylid frogs of the genus Platypelis in Tsaratanana bamboo forest. Lemur News, 15, 21 - 23." type="journal article" year="2010">
Rakotoarison 
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891AFFAAFB7C3AD3FB35F8CF" box="[1182,1238,1783,1807]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
; especially in living bamboo, these holes were water-filled (
<figureCitation id="13012A70891AFFAAFD543B30FD19F8F3" box="[694,762,1819,1843]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1863,1886]" captionTargetBox="[270,1317,222,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[270,1317,193,1842]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 9. (a) Bamboo forest of Matsabory Maiky; (b – c) segments of bamboo trunks with a hole attributed to the nocturnal lemur species Aye-aye (Daubentonia madagascariensis); (d – f) typical regular-shaped hole in a bamboo segment attributed to insects." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215405/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8536F5891AFFB5FF253B14FA98FE44" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2021]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1437,151,1432]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
In various cases we observed embryos probably belonging to 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D76891AFFAAFC7C3B14FB9FF896" box="[926,1148,1855,1878]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE7891AFFAAFC7C3B14FB9FF896" box="[926,1148,1855,1878]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. tsaratananaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13012A70891AFFAAFB723B15FB3BF896" box="[1168,1240,1854,1878]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="19.[151,250,588,611]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,566]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,181,567]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 8. Lateral and dorsal views of various embryonic developmental stages of Platypelis tsaratananaensis: (a – b) stage 8; (c – d) stage 11; (e – f) stage 12; (g – h) stage 13; (i – j) stage 15. Stages according to Gosner (1960)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215404/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Sometimes the embryos contained in the same bamboo segment were in distinctly different stages, suggesting that they belonged to separate clutches. The number of embryos found in one segment varied from 1–27 (mean 13 ± 8.1). Adult specimens were observed in bamboo segments of 30.2 ± 
<quantity id="4CC29B10891AFFAAFCF73B82FC88F800" box="[789,875,1961,1984]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="7.7">7.7 mm</quantity>
(
<quantity id="4CC29B10891AFFAAFC9B3B83FBFCF800" box="[889,1055,1960,1984]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9549999999999996" metricValueMax="4.89" metricValueMin="3.02" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="39.55" valueMax="48.9" valueMin="30.2">30.2–48.9 mm</quantity>
) diameter, located at 151 ± 
<quantity id="4CC29B10891AFFAAFAB53B83FA78F800" box="[1367,1435,1960,1984]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="cm" value="80.0">80 cm</quantity>
(
<quantity id="4CC29B10891AFFAAFF7C3BE7FEFCF824" box="[158,287,1996,2020]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="cm" value="215.0" valueMax="400.0" valueMin="30.0">30–400 cm</quantity>
) height above the ground. The average number of adult individuals found within one occupied bamboo segment was 2 ± 1 (1–6, N= 87) individuals. Gravid females were larger than non-gravid females (Mann-Whitney test, p = 0.001). We counted 16 ± 5 (1–24, N= 46) oocytes per female. The number of oocytes was correlated with female size (correlation coefficient, r = 0.625, p = 0.001). In those 13 holes where embryos or larvae were found, these were always accompanied with metamorphosed individuals: in the respective segments we found either two males (4 cases), one female and one male (2 cases), one female and 
<specimenCount id="9D3CFD7C8905FFB5FC7A3D0DFC0DFEFE" box="[920,1006,294,318]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
(2 cases), three females and one male (2 cases), one female, one male and one juvenile (1 case), one female (1 case), or three females (1 case). Hence, in most cases the embryos were accompanied by at least one male, and only rarely by only one or several females.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8536F58905FFB5FF253DBBFA7EFCF4" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1432]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
The characteristics of the bamboo segment occupied were related to the size of the frogs found therein (
<figureCitation id="13012A708905FFB5FA8C3DBBFF57FE0C" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,250,995,1018]" captionTargetBox="[155,1427,199,962]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,193,974]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 11. Correlation of snout-vent length (SVL) of males and females of Platypelis tsaratananaensis with the height above ground of inhabited holes in bamboo segments, and with the vertical diameter of the whole. Asterisks mark significant correlations of P &lt;0.05 and P &lt;0.01; see text for detailed data on statistical analysis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215407/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
). For this comparison, also some possibly subadult specimens (
<quantity id="4CC29B108905FFB5FC343D9FFBBAFE0C" box="[982,1113,436,460]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="18.0" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="15.0">15–21 mm</quantity>
SVL) were included that morphologically could be identified as probably being of male or female sex (based on prepollex size). We found a positive linear correlation between height above the ground and SVL (correlation coefficient, r = 0.295, p = 0.026 for males and r = 0.248, p = 0.012 for females), i.e., larger specimens were found in higher bamboo segments. No correlation was observed between the diameter of the occupied bamboo segment and SVL (correlation coefficient, r = -0.247 with p = 0.64 for males and r = -0.122, p = 0.224 for females). Equally we found no significant correlation between the vertical diameter of the entrance hole to the bamboo segment and SVL of males (correlation coefficient, r = -0.136, p = 0.313), whereas this correlation was highly significant and negative in females (correlation coefficient, r = -0.311, p = 0.002), i.e., paradoxically small females were mostly found in segments with large entry holes. No correlation was observed between the horizontal diameter of the hole and SVL of males and females (correlation coefficient, r = -0.18, p = 0.179 for males and r = - 0.003, p = 0.979 for females).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8536F58905FFB5FF253F6AFD2AFC28" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1432]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
Many of the encountered specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768905FFB5FD793F6AFC9AFC98" box="[667,889,833,856]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78905FFB5FD793F6AFC9AFC98" box="[667,889,833,856]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. tsaratananaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were infected by mites probably of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768905FFB5FF753F4FFEAFFCBC" box="[151,332,868,892]" class="Arachnida" family="Trombiculidae" genus="Endotrombicula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Prostigmata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78905FFB5FF753F4FFEAFFCBC" box="[151,332,868,892]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Endotrombicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g., similar to those visible in 
<figureCitation id="13012A708905FFB5FD253F4FFCE9FCBC" box="[711,778,868,892]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1625,1648]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,193,1599]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1604]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Photographs in life of Platypelis alticola and P. sp. 8. (a, b) Two specimens of P. alticola from Antevialambazaha (Tsaratanana, Maromokotro trail, camp 1); (c, d) two specimens of P. alticola in Matsabory Maiky (Maromokotro trail, camp 2), (d) shows the adult male ZSM 1657 / 2010 (ZCMV 12453); (e) specimen of P. alticola from Bepia campsite (Tsaratanana, Maromokotro trail, camp 3); (f) Platypelis sp. 8 from Antsahamanara (Manarikoba forest, western slope of Tsaratanana)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215399/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
a and 6b for 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768905FFB5FC413F4EFBF4FCBC" box="[931,1047,868,892]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alticola">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78905FFB5FC413F4EFBF4FCBC" box="[931,1047,868,892]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. alticola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). We recorded 0–54 parasites per individual in males (average 5.3) and 0–14 mites per individual in females (average 3.1). These differences were statistically mildly significant (P = 0.04) in a t-test but not in a non-parametric U-test. The number of mites was not correlated with the size of the specimens (P&gt;0.4).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8536F58905FFB5FF253FDFFB2FFA58" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,1432]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78905FFB5FF253FDFFE53FBCD" bold="true" box="[199,432,1012,1037]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Advertisement call.</emphasis>
Calls of 
<taxonomicName id="4C3A4D768905FFB5FDF93FDFFCB0FBCC" box="[539,851,1012,1036]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Platypelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tsaratananaensis">
<emphasis id="B94EEAE78905FFB5FDF93FDFFCB0FBCC" box="[539,851,1012,1036]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Platypelis tsaratananaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were heard at Matsabory Maiky and Andrevorevo. They are unusual for cophylines in general because each call consists of two distinct notes which however are emitted without a clear silent interval between them (
<figureCitation id="13012A708905FFB5FD093817FCDDFB94" box="[747,830,1084,1108]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1215,1238]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1183]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,193,1184]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 10. Sonagrams and oscillograms of the calls of (a) and (b) Platypelis alticola, and (c) and (d) P. tsaratananaensis, recorded at Matsabory Maiky campsite, Tsaratanana." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/215406/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). Calls were recorded from an adult male, ZSM 1649/ 2010 (ZCMV 12391) on 
<date id="FF8410358905FFB5FE5F384BFDBBFBB8" box="[445,600,1120,1144]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="2010-06-13">
13 June 
<quantity id="4CC29B108905FFB5FDC2384BFDBBFBB8" box="[544,600,1120,1144]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1053999999999995" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="in" value="2010.0">2010</quantity>
</date>
in the early evening (precise time not recorded, but between 19:00 and 22:00 h) at Matsabory Maiky, at an air temperature of about 13°C. The specimen was not seen calling but clearly located on top of a small palm within a forest with numerous bamboo stands, about 
<quantity id="4CC29B108905FFB5FBA83883FB69FB00" box="[1098,1162,1192,1216]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="3.5">3.5 m</quantity>
above the ground; upon collection it still emitted some faint vocalizations. Spectral call frequency ranged from about 2320–3240 Hz, with a dominant frequency between 3057–3186 Hz (3116±51; N= 8). A weak frequency band could be recognized at 1500 Hz, but it is uncertain whether this represents the fundamental frequency or rather an artefact of the recording. Temporal call parameters are as follows: note length of first note in note pairs 79–100 ms (92±9 ms; N= 4); note length of second note in note pairs 116–145 ms (128±13 ms; N= 4); interval between notes within a note pair 93–110 ms (100±8 ms, N= 4); interval between note pairs 4854–5218 ms (4983±203 ms; N= 3).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>