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<document id="E0D407F0F7D2DDB20A053B902560D05C" ID-CLB-Dataset="34499" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.506.9550" ID-GBIF-Dataset="22b0e45b-65bf-41a5-ad59-91efe29d6e4c" ID-PMC="PMC4467186" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-506-127" ID-PubMed="26085799" ID-ZooBank="AD1565A529414D94B95A3288FB0D9391" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-506-127" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 506" ModsDocTitle="Notes on Metaphiremultitheca (Chen, 1938) (Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae) recorded from Vietnam, with descriptions of two new species" checkinTime="1451244276430" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Nguyen, Anh D. &amp; Nguyen, Tung T." docDate="2015" docId="E7B69ACAA8ACC2A09DAFC436066C881B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 506: 127-136" docOrigin="ZooKeys 506" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.506.9550" docTitle="Amynthas erroneous Nguyen &amp; Nguyen, 2015, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="27A9F82B-A620-4EEC-83A7-28B849954C1A" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="129" masterDocId="0111FFD431023F4B6A6FFF84FFE3D900" masterDocTitle="Notes on Metaphiremultitheca (Chen, 1938) (Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae) recorded from Vietnam, with descriptions of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="136" masterPageNumber="127" pageNumber="128" updateTime="1701379610688" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="CD1300D5E21530758B0A11340EE6F401">Notes on Metaphiremultitheca (Chen, 1938) (Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae) recorded from Vietnam, with descriptions of two new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AC7BF084410881B08522F887D8772F2B">Nguyen, Anh D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D55E863CFBB6B5D61344E8D760742991">Nguyen, Tung T.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="E7B69ACAA8ACC2A09DAFC436066C881B" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152060210" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:27A9F82B-A620-4EEC-83A7-28B849954C1A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E7B69ACAA8ACC2A09DAFC436066C881B" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
<subSubSection id="D34C2B772187189301EEB4F3C6F4D865" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="447863BA14E6CCFF91BFBB4665D992A8" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Taxon classification Animalia Opisthopora Megascolecidae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="93E36B315002807EE654ECBC158E0630" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="33911B4C4556842C02EC1A23D6EE7C31" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
<taxonomicName id="05D40B01C048FD945B7D3283DE3D9D9A" LSID="http://zoobank.org/27A9F82B-A620-4EEC-83A7-28B849954C1A" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas erroneous" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="erroneous">Amynthas erroneous</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="450CF8B04DC336CC4D1819172B185AA3" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Fig. 1, Table 1
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F4E96631BC6A791C7433370C5D2ACEBB" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="AB71D9F03BB6705B7F5A5FE8583561FF" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
<taxonomicName id="13D045D96477099064297710D53F1CE4" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheretima multitheca" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Annelida" rank="subspecies" species="multitheca" subspecies="multitheca">Pheretima multitheca multitheca</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation id="288918D24F19EF26F6DFF109B0B2BAC9" author="Nguyen, VT" journalOrPublisher="Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" title="The earthworm fauna of Binh Tri Thien region" year="1994">Nguyen 1994</bibRefCitation>
: 53;
<bibRefCitation id="AABF8DA3CF34F6FF1DB57E39E700EE37" author="Pham, THH" journalOrPublisher="Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" title="The earthworm fauna of Quang Nam - Da Nang. PhD dissertation in Zoology." year="1995">Pham 1995</bibRefCitation>
: 68;
<bibRefCitation id="B2DF5D79AF1473B8B96B3084C2AC900A" author="Huynh, TKH" journalOrPublisher="Medicine Publishing House, Hanoi" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" title="The earthworm fauna of southern part of central Vietnam and their potential usages." year="2005 a">Huynh 2005a</bibRefCitation>
: 89;
<bibRefCitation id="3B6C5B9EF9738F950441716DA4307495" author="Huynh, TKH" journalOrPublisher="TAP CHI SINH HOC" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" pagination="19 - 27" title="Results of studies on earthworms and other mesofauna groups in the Ta Dung mountain area, Dac Nong province." volume="27" year="2005 b">Huynh 2005b</bibRefCitation>
: 20;
<bibRefCitation id="092CB381B70F327F65D093E225FAE669" author="Nguyen, VT" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Science, Hue University" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" pagination="183 - 189" title="The species composition and distribution characteristics of earthworms in the south of Binh Dinh province." volume="49" year="2008">Nguyen and Tran 2008</bibRefCitation>
: 185;
<bibRefCitation id="CDA8E8D21AA4751DAAC5CD1B373694DB" author="Pham, THH" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Science and Technology, Danang University" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" pagination="60 - 69" title="The diversity of earthworms in Danang city." volume="5" year="2010">Pham 2010</bibRefCitation>
: 63.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="21575871CBC94E02D6CA74DCC00D6B19" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
<taxonomicName id="AA881731F5D225F085A309FE14589CD8" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheretima multitheca" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="multitheca">Non Pheretima multitheca</taxonomicName>
Chen, 1938: 383, fig. 2.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1E10A351CCBA73BEF787457D5D2D9658" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" type="material examined">
<paragraph id="0D8B4D69DEF8E04FA7F228690B749D8B" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="21F7D9134CEB22D754F411D810020A9D" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
Holotype. 1C (
<normalizedToken id="C962393272B9ECC1E056A4AF8E55738B" originalValue="CTUEW">CTU-EW</normalizedToken>
071.02-h01) taro garden, Duc Pho commune (
<geoCoordinate id="CC2DE5F967F68BCEEDAD71C28B7E693B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="108.9525">108°57'9&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7AAED7BFDED9C8CE5F5C9F23195DC066" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="14.805">14°48'18&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
), elevation of 5 m a.s.l., Pho Minh district, Quang Ngai province, Vietnam, 15 April 1995, coll. Huynh Thi Kim Hoi. Paratypes. 13C (
<normalizedToken id="054E94EE51B0A4049D60BFC2820DFB51" originalValue="CTUEW">CTU-EW</normalizedToken>
071.02-p02) same data as for holotype. Further material. 8C (
<normalizedToken id="56EE4798891756428BAA96DBDD1CBAA9" originalValue="SORCV">SORC-V</normalizedToken>
.153.01) garden, Duc Pho town, Pho Minh, Quang Ngai, 15 April 1995, coll. Huynh Thi Kim Hoi. Fixed in formalin.
</paragraph>
<caption id="3D0188126DA8FA5FA75E4269EB819514" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
<paragraph id="843BBE9997A5B1F81EE59443F6C122A5" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
Figure 1.
<taxonomicName id="DC5C22B5A1A7028D40EFE1C570FE3B9C" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas erroneous" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="erroneous">Amynthas erroneous</taxonomicName>
sp. n., holotype. A Male pore region (mp = male pore; gm = genital markings) B Spermathecae, right side on intersegment 7/8 (am = ampulla; dv = diverticulum) C Prostate gland (ag = accessory gland) D Intestinal caecum
<normalizedToken id="62834A25A6D76CD8C59CEC4263D80358" originalValue="EF">E-F</normalizedToken>
Transverse body section of segment xviii, male pore (E), accessory glands (F). Scale bars = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6365338F38D41CFD34E0BB844DDFFB57" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="39A5080C3BE1E3F683356AAF8ECAF9AF" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8EF0F889B0B2EF45DDD2CD24FB21D250" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Medium-size worm. First dorsal pore in 11/12 or 12/13. Prostomium 1/3 epilobous. Multiple spermathecal pores lateroventral in intersegments 5/6/7/8/9. Male pores located in xviii, without copulatory pouches. Two pairs of crescentic genital markings in xviii. Holandric. Testis sacs not separated. Intestinal caeca simple, within xxvii-xxv. Septa 8/9/10 absent.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D6352CA1346188553665723022429E76" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="AE1FB8D0DEFBE17E2C3715C4C8137143" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0CEC0D4F3281A7969CC7A3988A63383A" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
To emphasize the misidentification of the species as
<taxonomicName id="52F70CC027F6649FBD8A88A2EECBFB57" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheretima multitheca" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="multitheca">Pheretima multitheca</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8120267F527A491052262B3438FBD425" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" type="description">
<paragraph id="56AEF0244DE68ADA1739112DDBBFD806" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="217AC9956EECB9CCDFAF96053C07D81A" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
External characters: Body cylindrical, medium size. Length 112-150 mm, diameter 3.81-5.0 mm, segments 119-150, weight 1.61-2.94 g. Body coloration uniformly brown. Setae perichaetine, more concentrated ventrally; preclitellar setae sparser than postclitellar setae, 42-46 in v, 37-65 in viii, 61-71 in xxv, 42-72 in xxx, 10-16 between male porophores in xviii; setal distance aa=2ab, zz=1.5zy. First dorsal pore in 12/13, rarely in 11/12. Prostomium ⅓ epilobous. Clitellum annular, xiv-
<normalizedToken id="5851CC80D133D974A8787F91F90797EC" originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
xvi, darkish brown, smooth and without setae and dorsal pores. Female pore single, mid-ventral in xiv.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="91799C6E4CEF8934A7788546407B8B25" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Spermathecal pores round and small, multiple, lateroventral in intersegments 5/6/7/8/9, sometimes invisible. No genital markings in spermathecal region.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E248C2A33C075E635C957B28A938BB1D" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
Male pores located in porophores in xviii, without copulatory pouches; ventral distance between male porophores about 0.28
<normalizedToken id="DCDD4C000F831835607479119F9DD698" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
body circumference. Two pairs of large, crescentic genital markings in xviii, located in front of and behind male porophores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="17556FC37DA48FEEB6813CA8155155DF" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
Internal characters: Septa 6/7/8 thickened, 8/9/10 absent, and 10/11/12/13 relatively thickened. Oesophageal gizzard after 7/8, pear-shaped. Intestinal origin at xv; caeca simple, within
<normalizedToken id="927AA532035636A1D55E022122483D99" originalValue="xxviixxv">xxvii-xxv</normalizedToken>
. Last hearts in xiii. Pharyngeal micronephridia developed in 4/5/6. Lymph glands present from xvii, rarely xvi, and lobulated. Typhlosole simple, lamelliform.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DBBE471E1C224B14F3D082F29DB85274" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
Spemathecae variable, 21-27 altogether in 5/6/7/8/9: 2-4 in 5/6, 4-6 in 6/7, 5-7 in 7/8 and 6-8 in 8/9. Spermathecal ampulla large, oval; duct about ⅓, rarely as much as
<normalizedToken id="E16BFD4139020FF32F12538CFBD60E10" originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
the length of the ampulla. Diverticula irregularly sinusoidal, folded onto itself several times, enlarged distally, about half length of ampulla; stalk attached to base of duct of ampulla. No accessory glands.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5AE7FBB71650CC2C72F7B71F4AA7B7ED" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
Holandric. Testis sacs not separated, developed in x and xi. Seminal vesicles well developed within
<normalizedToken id="76E115162AA2B7773A083161A321F333" originalValue="xixii">xi-xii</normalizedToken>
, yellowish white. Oviduct poorly developed on septum 12/13 posteriorly; a pair of ovaries in xiii. Prostate glands racemose, paired in
<normalizedToken id="B04FCDEFF756E99B51016D3228E670DD" originalValue="xviixix">xvii-xix</normalizedToken>
; prostatic ducts C-shaped. Two accessory glands present.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A6C41710BFF2D72C5B515B4BE87252D7" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" type="dna">
<paragraph id="80D243C47C2D9D41CB561DF900D6E638" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">DNA.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9AC9B8F836F27C7F4103D4CFFDB9E52D" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">COI barcode data not yet available.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A400A3A2425246A3317CDBA4BA580214" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" type="habitat and ecology">
<paragraph id="B888AAA07CCFFBE504DB94E407F42048" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="06F1EAA6E59A26E7EB370845EAEC757C" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">The species was found in soils in which old growth trees had been grown. No other ecological data had been recorded.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C1D406FB03CE46AF3FDFDCD49548E79A" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B1FF2C14C592F3BB6FC82B5363C3F448" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE6120FABC3CAD259831E5EB623FAEF1" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
Previous misidentifications of
<taxonomicName id="FEA9C483DA5F7AE05275D2331CADA26B" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheretima multitheca" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Annelida" rank="subspecies" species="multitheca" subspecies="multitheca">Pheretima multitheca multitheca</taxonomicName>
were from Quang Tri (Quang Tri town); Thua Thien Hue (Huong Tra; Hue; Nam Dong; Phu Loc); Danang; Quang Nam (Que Son); Quang Ngai (Quang Ngai city; Duc Pho); Binh Dinh; Dak Nong (Ta Dung Mts.) (
<bibRefCitation id="37556E4EEC8A905A656F592B30FD355D" author="Nguyen, VT" journalOrPublisher="Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" title="The earthworm fauna of Binh Tri Thien region" year="1994">Nguyen 1994</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="9D64E62D1B0695CF63C7270E28641AD2" author="Pham, THH" journalOrPublisher="Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" title="The earthworm fauna of Quang Nam - Da Nang. PhD dissertation in Zoology." year="1995">Pham 1995</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="47B2BD80906E41593D2363116587F099" author="Pham, THH" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Science and Technology, Danang University" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" pagination="60 - 69" title="The diversity of earthworms in Danang city." volume="5" year="2010">2010</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="A93D580A2FFC6BAC8A35011FFEA689F4" author="Huynh, TKH" journalOrPublisher="Medicine Publishing House, Hanoi" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" title="The earthworm fauna of southern part of central Vietnam and their potential usages." year="2005 a">Huynh 2005a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D3F85D124D0616F171D34497A9BFD77C" author="Huynh, TKH" journalOrPublisher="TAP CHI SINH HOC" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" pagination="19 - 27" title="Results of studies on earthworms and other mesofauna groups in the Ta Dung mountain area, Dac Nong province." volume="27" year="2005 b">2005b</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="5CB1981BBB9EB7B4DC9E98491E8D11FC" author="Nguyen, VT" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Science, Hue University" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" pagination="183 - 189" title="The species composition and distribution characteristics of earthworms in the south of Binh Dinh province." volume="49" year="2008">Nguyen and Tran 2008</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5BBDA762952ED4E627DF9AC336F88ADD" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="1F4E95399606EBF38C9D1BF35301AF25" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="647CB93638D9C5ECAFE10922C51B0A09" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
This new species was previously misidentified as
<taxonomicName id="2C0B7E31F537AAC3113084394BF9541A" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheretima multitheca" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Annelida" rank="subspecies" species="multitheca" subspecies="multitheca">Pheretima multitheca multitheca</taxonomicName>
Chen, 1938 (=
<taxonomicName id="6A8114D5891C0ED10432FC2D91863BB7" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metaphire multitheca" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="multitheca">Metaphire multitheca</taxonomicName>
), which was originally known only from Hainan Island. Both species share multiple spermathecal pores per segment and presence of intestinal caeca. However,
<taxonomicName id="18D9BF6C32A13C14FE3AC605490EE958" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas erroneous" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="erroneous">Amynthas erroneous</taxonomicName>
sp. n. has multiple spermathecal pores in intersegments 5/6/7/8/9, and lacks copulatory pouches while
<taxonomicName id="71070BB883FA1E422B30A8D2D05BBC5D" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metaphire multitheca" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="multitheca">Metaphire multitheca</taxonomicName>
(Chen, 1938) has multiple spermathecal pores located behind setal rings of segments vi, vii, viii, and presence of copulatory pouches. The new species is also fairly similar to
<taxonomicName id="6C27CD094826990D1109B384AD043C6F" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metaphire multitheca" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Annelida" rank="subspecies" species="multitheca" subspecies="dipapillata">Metaphire multitheca dipapillata</taxonomicName>
(Thai &amp; Tran, 1986), now
<taxonomicName id="09393337AFDE68AD1B45E063C296CCFD" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metaphire dipapillata" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="dipapillata">Metaphire dipapillata</taxonomicName>
stat. n.; both species have multiple spermathecal pores in intersegments 5/6/7/8/9, and genital markings associated with the male pores. However,
<taxonomicName id="D8CA665E08CD79503AD2E85915388C47" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas erroneous" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="erroneous">Amynthas erroneous</taxonomicName>
sp. n. lacks copulatory pouches and has two pairs of crescentic genital markings in xviii, whereas
<taxonomicName id="393B49E187879229B218B2626C9A95E9" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metaphire dipapillata" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="dipapillata">Metaphire dipapillata</taxonomicName>
has copulatory pouches and only a pair of genital markings in 17/18, located in front of male porophores. Marker characters of three species,
<taxonomicName id="05563C17BF2588F7D8D1504C8FC68CA6" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas erroneous" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="erroneous">Amynthas erroneous</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="334E56D1C70E2D215DE8A78BAECB3CDB" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metaphire dipapillata" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="dipapillata">Metaphire dipapillata</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E686366CE2C430F2774418143B81E357" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metaphire multitheca" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="multitheca">Metaphire multitheca</taxonomicName>
are presented in Table 1.
</paragraph>
<caption id="702889CA0C2657D01A103DBF08C624BF" ID-Table-UUID="702889CA0C2657D01A103DBF08C624BF" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/702889CA0C2657D01A103DBF08C624BF" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
<paragraph id="5DE101A7BB872AD06CAC466B3A9716B2" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
Table 1. Marker characters of three species,
<taxonomicName id="564AB09B3E64F2E57E6F84631E718897" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas erroneous" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="erroneous">Amynthas erroneous</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName id="F1963B13C1C50F9BDD5538B755585069" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metaphire dipapillata" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="dipapillata">Metaphire dipapillata</taxonomicName>
(Thai &amp; Tran, 1986), stat. n., and
<taxonomicName id="485D31ED57CA1FABD1097FBAF6821F4B" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metaphire multitheca" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="multitheca">Metaphire multitheca</taxonomicName>
(Chen, 1938).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="F492217B4F4DADE4BD6BF3A40AF9E13A" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
<table id="9BFA0C7C205F0600B3CD2AC75EFA0F1C" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
<tr id="B5454220460D34DE93435237B3F0ADB2" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
<th id="13C3CA93E51CFA37273A91B7F58AABA8" colspan="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" rowspan="1">No</th>
<th id="C956D1060804F8BC3D0B589282B561EF" colspan="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" rowspan="1">Characters</th>
<th id="1F996A1F32AB2DE45544F44F7BAC3A3B" colspan="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="9A8BFDF2D2044FD829071FED3C32F185" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas erroneous" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="erroneous">Amynthas erroneous</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="009254F4136E3606387CAA91EBC7F0F3" colspan="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="182F36417E633FDD7D8F48503B4B7419" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metaphire dipapillata" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="dipapillata">Metaphire dipapillata</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="FA356C3CB0922A7B5B9B47EED220823D" colspan="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="74D7B10CC084A026C55D637074F740D0" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metaphire multitheca" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="1" pageNumber="128" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="multitheca">Metaphire multitheca</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E6C07A839AC645BE346AA6662C943898" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="1" pageNumber="128">
The new species is also distinguished from other 5/6/7/8/9 polythecate species such as
<taxonomicName id="CD59DBA2471DBC603F04D53AD0A7A718" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Polypheretima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polypheretima bifaria" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bifaria">
<pageBreakToken id="7FA43AA53D4B02DA6D24EDF2D6754701" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" start="start">Polypheretima</pageBreakToken>
bifaria
</taxonomicName>
(Michaelsen, 1924) from New Guinea,
<taxonomicName id="FD643CC01180ECF4D0E9420A28B174C1" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Polypheretima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polypheretima polytheca" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="polytheca">Polypheretima polytheca</taxonomicName>
(Beddard, 1900b) from Malay penisula,
<taxonomicName id="8953E04312C109DE00611259BB12C78F" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Polypheretima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polypheretima koyana" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="koyana">Polypheretima koyana</taxonomicName>
Michaelsen, 1934 from Sarawak, and
<taxonomicName id="885EC80BDF3523D6A1942353CA18DFC5" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metapheretima" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metapheretima elrondi" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="elrondi">Metapheretima elrondi</taxonomicName>
Easton, 1979 from New Guinea by having intestinal caeca. Althought it shares with
<taxonomicName id="CC2ECC1EE4532202B49E9F6EF7D3706C" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas bleckwenni" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bleckwenni">Amynthas bleckwenni</taxonomicName>
(Ude, 1925) from Borneo the multiple spermathecae at 5/6/7/8/9, and having intestinal caeca, the new species differs from
<taxonomicName id="56E79BDA3F7F0154C9287AEEBDB4EAF3" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amynthas bleckwenni" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bleckwenni">Amynthas bleckwenni</taxonomicName>
in having two pairs of crescentic genital markings in front of and behind male pores on xviii.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="982CEBF2815A2EF9FE01FA23CD49B7B4" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">
We herein raised the subspecies
<taxonomicName id="6D5A4A78624081488F7996782DD2D08A" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metaphire multitheca" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Annelida" rank="subspecies" species="multitheca" subspecies="dipapillata">Metaphire multitheca dipapillata</taxonomicName>
to full rank as
<taxonomicName id="5BEE3F7B94DEF762167E240E33E36D90" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metaphire dipapillata" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="dipapillata">Metaphire dipapillata</taxonomicName>
stat. n., and also restore
<taxonomicName id="DA986D881514D351F253AE1B6F4F11D9" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metaphire multitheca" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Annelida" rank="subspecies" species="multitheca" subspecies="multitheca">Metaphire multitheca multitheca</taxonomicName>
as
<taxonomicName id="80DA6ADA05920D3F30F9A5C6F5F64C90" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metaphire multitheca" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="2" pageNumber="129" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="multitheca">Metaphire multitheca</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB5A9F9A48F306B89311B77E0DE0C270" pageId="2" pageNumber="129">The new species is widely distributed in central parts and highlands of Vietnam. Surprisingly, it has never yet been found in northern and southern Vietnam.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>