1220 lines
126 KiB
XML
1220 lines
126 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.45.76043" ID-GBIF-Dataset="898ac507-069d-416c-8716-fe10ffe3a03d" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191930625" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2367-5365-45-9" ID-Pensoft-UUID="A6E4AB7044225DDBB2E210C26BBDDA93" ID-ZooBank="894ABE3BF6654F7193284855FB8FC90F" ModsDocID="2367-5365-45-9" checkinTime="1641571817006" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Alipanah, Helen, Nieukerken, Erik J. van, Farahani, Samira & Buszko, Jaroslaw" docDate="2022" docId="4380EEBBAA6051E48EF2A61D340F26BD" docLanguage="en" docName="NotaLepidopt 45: 9-32" docOrigin="Nota Lepidopterologica 45" docPubDate="2022-01-06" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.45.76043" docTitle="Tischeria caucasica Klasinski & Stonis 2020" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="A6E4AB7044225DDBB2E210C26BBDDA93" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="A6E4AB7044225DDBB2E210C26BBDDA93" masterDocTitle="Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) leafminers new to Iran, including Tischeria caucasica on Quercus: a sibling species of T. ekebladella or a case of clinal variation?" masterLastPageNumber="32" masterPageNumber="9" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1641577833889" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:title>Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera) leafminers new to Iran, including Tischeria caucasica on Quercus: a sibling species of T. ekebladella or a case of clinal variation?</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Alipanah, Helen</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRIPP), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran; alipanah @ iripp. ir; halipanah @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">halipanah@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Nieukerken, Erik J. van</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5721-1840</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9557, NL- 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; nieukerken @ naturalis. nl</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Farahani, Samira</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran; s. farahani @ rifr-ac. ir</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Buszko, Jaroslaw</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8816-0591</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecology and Biogeography, Nicolaus Copernicus University of Torun, Lwowska 1, 87 - 100, Torun, Poland; buszko @ umk. pl</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Nota Lepidopterologica</mods:title>
|
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</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2022-01-06</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>45</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>9</mods:start>
|
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<mods:end>32</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.45.76043</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
|
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.45.76043</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2367-5365-45-9</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">894ABE3BF6654F7193284855FB8FC90F</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">A6E4AB7044225DDBB2E210C26BBDDA93</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="191930625" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4380EEBBAA6051E48EF2A61D340F26BD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4380EEBBAA6051E48EF2A61D340F26BD" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="4380EEBB-AA60-51E4-8EF2-A61D340F26BD" authority="Klasinski & Stonis, 2020" authorityName="Klasinski & Stonis" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Tischeriidae" genus="Tischeria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tischeria caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
Tischeria caucasica
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Klasiński">Klasinski</normalizedToken>
|
||
& Stonis, 2020
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="diagnostic remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Diagnostic remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Klasinski & Stonis" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Tischeria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tischeria caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Tischeria caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Tischeria spp. adults, dorsal view. A. T. caucasica, male, Tehran (Peykan Shahr); B. T. caucasica, female, Tehran (Peykan Shahr); C. T. ekebladella, male, France; D. T. ekebladoides, male, paratype, Spain (Andalusia); E-G. Right wings of T. caucasica, male (E), T. ekebladella, male, Netherlands (Limburg) (F) and T. ekebladella, male, Belgium (Namur) (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630955" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">1A-C</figureCitation>
|
||
). However, as stated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v66i1.4186" author="Klasinski, A" journalOrPublisher="Biologija" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" pagination="10 - 20" refId="B20" refString="Klasinski, A, Stonis, JR, Remeikis, A, 2020. Diagnostics based on the juxta morphology reveals a new species of Tischeria Zeller (Lepidoptera, Tischeriidae) from the Caucasus. Biologija 66 (1): 10 - 20, DOI: https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v66i1.4186" title="Diagnostics based on the juxta morphology reveals a new species of Tischeria Zeller (Lepidoptera, Tischeriidae) from the Caucasus." url="https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v66i1.4186" volume="66" year="2020">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Klasiński">Klasinski</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. (2020)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, males can easily be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladoides" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Puplesis & Diskus, 2003 by the unique, very long and distally bifurcate appendages of the juxta (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Male genitalia of Tischeria spp. A-F. T. caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr): phallus in situ (A) (genitalia slide HA- 2627, HMIM), phallus removed (B, D) (genitalia slides HA- 2378, HA- 2628, HMIM) (in figure D one of the shortest appendages of juxta has been bent backward during slide preparation and makes it look much shorter than the other one), phallus (C) (genitalia slide HA- 2378, HMIM), juxta (E, F) (genitalia slides HA- 2626, HA- 2625, HMIM); G, H. T. ekebladella (Netherlands): phallus in situ (G), phallus and juxta (H) (genitalia slide JCK 752)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630956" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">2A-H</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630955" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Figure 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Tischeria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tischeria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Tischeria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. adults, dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">A.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male, Tehran (Peykan Shahr);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">B.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, female, Tehran (Peykan Shahr);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">C.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male, France;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">D.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladoides" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male, paratype, Spain (Andalusia);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">E-G.</emphasis>
|
||
Right wings of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">E</emphasis>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male, Netherlands (Limburg) (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">F</emphasis>
|
||
)and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male, Belgium (Namur) (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
In the dissected males of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Iran, there is some variation in the shape and length of the horn-like appendages of the juxta. Based on the results of this study, the apex of the longer pair of juxtal appendages is not always bifurcated. In some of the examined males, both appendages have bifurcated tips (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Male genitalia of Tischeria spp. A-F. T. caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr): phallus in situ (A) (genitalia slide HA- 2627, HMIM), phallus removed (B, D) (genitalia slides HA- 2378, HA- 2628, HMIM) (in figure D one of the shortest appendages of juxta has been bent backward during slide preparation and makes it look much shorter than the other one), phallus (C) (genitalia slide HA- 2378, HMIM), juxta (E, F) (genitalia slides HA- 2626, HA- 2625, HMIM); G, H. T. ekebladella (Netherlands): phallus in situ (G), phallus and juxta (H) (genitalia slide JCK 752)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630956" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">2A, F</figureCitation>
|
||
); while in some others the shorter one has simple and longer one has bifurcated tip (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Male genitalia of Tischeria spp. A-F. T. caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr): phallus in situ (A) (genitalia slide HA- 2627, HMIM), phallus removed (B, D) (genitalia slides HA- 2378, HA- 2628, HMIM) (in figure D one of the shortest appendages of juxta has been bent backward during slide preparation and makes it look much shorter than the other one), phallus (C) (genitalia slide HA- 2378, HMIM), juxta (E, F) (genitalia slides HA- 2626, HA- 2625, HMIM); G, H. T. ekebladella (Netherlands): phallus in situ (G), phallus and juxta (H) (genitalia slide JCK 752)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630956" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">2B, D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). This has also been illustrated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v66i1.4186" author="Klasinski, A" journalOrPublisher="Biologija" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" pagination="10 - 20" refId="B20" refString="Klasinski, A, Stonis, JR, Remeikis, A, 2020. Diagnostics based on the juxta morphology reveals a new species of Tischeria Zeller (Lepidoptera, Tischeriidae) from the Caucasus. Biologija 66 (1): 10 - 20, DOI: https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v66i1.4186" title="Diagnostics based on the juxta morphology reveals a new species of Tischeria Zeller (Lepidoptera, Tischeriidae) from the Caucasus." url="https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v66i1.4186" volume="66" year="2020">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Klasiński">Klasinski</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. (2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 15, figs 15, 21-23), although without any explanation of the variation. Moreover, as we revealed in this study, the longest appendage of the juxta if bifurcated apically, the two branches are either assymetrical or symmetrical (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Male genitalia of Tischeria spp. A-F. T. caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr): phallus in situ (A) (genitalia slide HA- 2627, HMIM), phallus removed (B, D) (genitalia slides HA- 2378, HA- 2628, HMIM) (in figure D one of the shortest appendages of juxta has been bent backward during slide preparation and makes it look much shorter than the other one), phallus (C) (genitalia slide HA- 2378, HMIM), juxta (E, F) (genitalia slides HA- 2626, HA- 2625, HMIM); G, H. T. ekebladella (Netherlands): phallus in situ (G), phallus and juxta (H) (genitalia slide JCK 752)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630956" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">2A, B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
, -F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630956" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Male genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Tischeria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tischeria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Tischeria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">A-F.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Tehran, Peykan Shahr): phallus in situ (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
|
||
) (genitalia slide HA-2627, HMIM), phallus removed (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">B, D</emphasis>
|
||
) (genitalia slides HA-2378, HA-2628, HMIM) (in figure
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">D</emphasis>
|
||
one of the shortest appendages of juxta has been bent backward during slide preparation and makes it look much shorter than the other one), phallus (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">C</emphasis>
|
||
) (genitalia slide HA-2378, HMIM), juxta (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">E, F</emphasis>
|
||
) (genitalia slides HA-2626, HA-2625, HMIM);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">G, H.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Netherlands): phallus in situ (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
), phallus and juxta (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">H</emphasis>
|
||
) (genitalia slide JCK752).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v66i1.4186" author="Klasinski, A" journalOrPublisher="Biologija" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" pagination="10 - 20" refId="B20" refString="Klasinski, A, Stonis, JR, Remeikis, A, 2020. Diagnostics based on the juxta morphology reveals a new species of Tischeria Zeller (Lepidoptera, Tischeriidae) from the Caucasus. Biologija 66 (1): 10 - 20, DOI: https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v66i1.4186" title="Diagnostics based on the juxta morphology reveals a new species of Tischeria Zeller (Lepidoptera, Tischeriidae) from the Caucasus." url="https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v66i1.4186" volume="66" year="2020">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Klasiński">Klasinski</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. (2020)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the two very long horn-like processes of juxta are bent basally; however, as we discovered in this study, the shorter one is always bent at its distal two-thirds, but the longer process is usually curved internally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Male genitalia of Tischeria spp. A-F. T. caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr): phallus in situ (A) (genitalia slide HA- 2627, HMIM), phallus removed (B, D) (genitalia slides HA- 2378, HA- 2628, HMIM) (in figure D one of the shortest appendages of juxta has been bent backward during slide preparation and makes it look much shorter than the other one), phallus (C) (genitalia slide HA- 2378, HMIM), juxta (E, F) (genitalia slides HA- 2626, HA- 2625, HMIM); G, H. T. ekebladella (Netherlands): phallus in situ (G), phallus and juxta (H) (genitalia slide JCK 752)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630956" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">2A-F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Additionally, the anterior tip of the triangular ventral plate of vinculum varies from narrow (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Male genitalia of Tischeria spp. A-F. T. caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr): phallus in situ (A) (genitalia slide HA- 2627, HMIM), phallus removed (B, D) (genitalia slides HA- 2378, HA- 2628, HMIM) (in figure D one of the shortest appendages of juxta has been bent backward during slide preparation and makes it look much shorter than the other one), phallus (C) (genitalia slide HA- 2378, HMIM), juxta (E, F) (genitalia slides HA- 2626, HA- 2625, HMIM); G, H. T. ekebladella (Netherlands): phallus in situ (G), phallus and juxta (H) (genitalia slide JCK 752)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630956" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">2A</figureCitation>
|
||
) to relatively wide (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Male genitalia of Tischeria spp. A-F. T. caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr): phallus in situ (A) (genitalia slide HA- 2627, HMIM), phallus removed (B, D) (genitalia slides HA- 2378, HA- 2628, HMIM) (in figure D one of the shortest appendages of juxta has been bent backward during slide preparation and makes it look much shorter than the other one), phallus (C) (genitalia slide HA- 2378, HMIM), juxta (E, F) (genitalia slides HA- 2626, HA- 2625, HMIM); G, H. T. ekebladella (Netherlands): phallus in situ (G), phallus and juxta (H) (genitalia slide JCK 752)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630956" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">2B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
In the genitalia of examined females, as described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v66i1.4186" author="Klasinski, A" journalOrPublisher="Biologija" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" pagination="10 - 20" refId="B20" refString="Klasinski, A, Stonis, JR, Remeikis, A, 2020. Diagnostics based on the juxta morphology reveals a new species of Tischeria Zeller (Lepidoptera, Tischeriidae) from the Caucasus. Biologija 66 (1): 10 - 20, DOI: https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v66i1.4186" title="Diagnostics based on the juxta morphology reveals a new species of Tischeria Zeller (Lepidoptera, Tischeriidae) from the Caucasus." url="https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v66i1.4186" volume="66" year="2020">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Klasiński">Klasinski</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. (2020)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the antrum has a weakly sclerotized anterior margin with a unique membranous part, and the shortest prela has a wide base (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Female genitalia of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A, B. Main body in ventral view (genitalia slides HA- 2376, HA- 2379, HMIM); C. Detail of terminalia (genitalia slide HA- 2376, HMIM); D. Detail of antrum area (genitalia slide HA- 2377, HMIM)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630957" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">3A-D</figureCitation>
|
||
); however, the corpus bursae is not always heavily folded longitudinally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Female genitalia of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A, B. Main body in ventral view (genitalia slides HA- 2376, HA- 2379, HMIM); C. Detail of terminalia (genitalia slide HA- 2376, HMIM); D. Detail of antrum area (genitalia slide HA- 2377, HMIM)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630957" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630957" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Female genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Klasinski & Stonis" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Tischeria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tischeria caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Tischeria caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Tehran, Peykan Shahr).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">A, B.</emphasis>
|
||
Main body in ventral view (genitalia slides HA-2376, HA-2379, HMIM);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Detail of terminalia (genitalia slide HA-2376, HMIM);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Detail of antrum area (genitalia slide HA-2377, HMIM).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
No external difference between
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and its closely related species was reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v66i1.4186" author="Klasinski, A" journalOrPublisher="Biologija" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" pagination="10 - 20" refId="B20" refString="Klasinski, A, Stonis, JR, Remeikis, A, 2020. Diagnostics based on the juxta morphology reveals a new species of Tischeria Zeller (Lepidoptera, Tischeriidae) from the Caucasus. Biologija 66 (1): 10 - 20, DOI: https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v66i1.4186" title="Diagnostics based on the juxta morphology reveals a new species of Tischeria Zeller (Lepidoptera, Tischeriidae) from the Caucasus." url="https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v66i1.4186" volume="66" year="2020">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Klasiński">Klasinski</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. (2020)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Based on the results of this study,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is close to both
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladoides" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in wing pattern and size. However, there are a few differences between
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasia">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Tischeria spp. adults, dorsal view. A. T. caucasica, male, Tehran (Peykan Shahr); B. T. caucasica, female, Tehran (Peykan Shahr); C. T. ekebladella, male, France; D. T. ekebladoides, male, paratype, Spain (Andalusia); E-G. Right wings of T. caucasica, male (E), T. ekebladella, male, Netherlands (Limburg) (F) and T. ekebladella, male, Belgium (Namur) (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630955" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">1A-C, E-G</figureCitation>
|
||
): 1)
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a partly less pointed hindwing compared with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 2) Fringes of the hindwing in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are slightly paler than in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 3) Ventro-apical fringes of forewing in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are slightly darker than in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and 4) On the underside of the forewing, the costal area at the apex is slightly paler in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
compared with that of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Klasinski & Stonis" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Tischeria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tischeria caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Tischeria caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladoides" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the following external features (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Tischeria spp. adults, dorsal view. A. T. caucasica, male, Tehran (Peykan Shahr); B. T. caucasica, female, Tehran (Peykan Shahr); C. T. ekebladella, male, France; D. T. ekebladoides, male, paratype, Spain (Andalusia); E-G. Right wings of T. caucasica, male (E), T. ekebladella, male, Netherlands (Limburg) (F) and T. ekebladella, male, Belgium (Namur) (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630955" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">1A, B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
): 1)
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a wider and less pointed hindwing compared with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladoides" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 2) The ground colour of the body and forewing in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are darker than in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladoides" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 3) In
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladoides" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the frontal tuft and collar area have scattered brown scales and 4) The forewing of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladoides" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is slightly narrower than that of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Based on the results of this study, the female of Iranian
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
population has a slightly longer forewing than the male (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Tischeria spp. adults, dorsal view. A. T. caucasica, male, Tehran (Peykan Shahr); B. T. caucasica, female, Tehran (Peykan Shahr); C. T. ekebladella, male, France; D. T. ekebladoides, male, paratype, Spain (Andalusia); E-G. Right wings of T. caucasica, male (E), T. ekebladella, male, Netherlands (Limburg) (F) and T. ekebladella, male, Belgium (Namur) (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630955" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">1A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
), with no significant difference between the two generations. Forewing length in the first generation was 3.5-4.6 mm (x = 4.11 mm
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.26, n = 44) in the male and 3.6-4.9 mm (x = 4.37 mm
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.26, n = 49) in the female. In the second generation it was 4.0-4.4 mm (x = 4.12 mm
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.16, n = 8) in the male, and 4.0-4.7 mm (x = 4.31 mm
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.25, n = 7) in the female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Leafmines of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cannot be separated from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Moreover, the larvae of these two species are indistinguishable externally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="dna barcoding">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">DNA Barcoding.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
A Neighbor Joining tree is provided for barcodes of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, together with barcodes of the other European species
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. dodonaea" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dodonaea">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. dodonaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Stainton, 1858 and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. decidua" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decidua">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. decidua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Wocke, 1876 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Neighbor Joining tree of DNA barcodes of European Tischeria, from dataset DS-TISCIRAN. BINs are given next to each cluster. Specimens identified as T. caucasica are given in red." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630965" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">11</figureCitation>
|
||
). Each species has its own BIN, and is recognizable by its DNA barcode, except the pair
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Unfortunately no barcodes are available for
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladoides" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
DNA barcodes of two Iranian specimens appeared to be identical to that of a Dutch specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bjerkander" baseAuthorityYear="1795" class="Insecta" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Tischeria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tischeria ekebladella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Tischeria ekebladella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and fall within one BINBOLD:AAF8247, that includes also all other available
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
barcodes. The barcode of a Georgian larva from leafmines examined by EvN (RMNH.INS.31425) groups with the Georgian adult of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(GBRD286), together as sister to all remaining
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and somewhat different from the Iranian
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Within BINBOLD:AAF8247 the average distance is 0.38% and the maximum distance is 1.93% (n = 54). The nearest neighbor is BOLD:ACU6278, representing the East Palearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Tischeria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tischeria siorkionla" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siorkionla">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Tischeria siorkionla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Kozlov, 1986, with a distance of 8.01%.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Description of immatures.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Last instar larva (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Last instar larva of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A, B, D. Larva in dorsal (A, D) and ventral (B) views; C, E. Anterior part in ventral (C) and dorsal (E) views including head and thoracic segments (the upper, median and lower arrows in the left side of figure E indicate the slightly sclerotized plates at pro-, meso- and methathorax; the arrow in the right side indicates the thoracic leg which is visible from dorsal surface); F. Mandible; G. Labrum; H. Anterior part of the head in dorsal view showing antenna (arrow) and mandibles; I. Maxilla (arrow), maxillary palpi and labium." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630958" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">4A-I</figureCitation>
|
||
) pale yellowish green, with pale light-brown head, pronotal and anal plates slightly darker than body. Head flattened with almost 5-6 stemmata arranged linearly, two posterior ones with a relatively larger distance to the remaining ones (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Last instar larva of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A, B, D. Larva in dorsal (A, D) and ventral (B) views; C, E. Anterior part in ventral (C) and dorsal (E) views including head and thoracic segments (the upper, median and lower arrows in the left side of figure E indicate the slightly sclerotized plates at pro-, meso- and methathorax; the arrow in the right side indicates the thoracic leg which is visible from dorsal surface); F. Mandible; G. Labrum; H. Anterior part of the head in dorsal view showing antenna (arrow) and mandibles; I. Maxilla (arrow), maxillary palpi and labium." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630958" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">4C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Hairs and bristles distributed as in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(for comparisons with that species refer to
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Grandi, G" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia del Reale Istituto Superiore Agrario di Bologna" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" pagination="192 - 245" refId="B14" refString="Grandi, G, 1929. Contributo alla conoscenza della Tischeria gaunacella Dup. ed appunti sulla Tischeria complanella Hbn. (Lepidoptera - Tischeriidae). (3° Contributo alla conoscenza biologica e morfologica dei Lepidotteri). Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia del Reale Istituto Superiore Agrario di Bologna 2: 192 - 245" title="Contributo alla conoscenza della Tischeria gaunacella Dup. ed appunti sulla Tischeria complanella Hbn. (Lepidoptera - Tischeriidae). (3 ° Contributo alla conoscenza biologica e morfologica dei Lepidotteri)." volume="2" year="1929">Grandi 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Grandi, G" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia del Reale Istituto Superiore Agrario di Bologna" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" pagination="223 - 336" refId="B15" refString="Grandi, G, 1931. Morfologia ed etologia comparata di insetti a regime specializzato. I. La morfologia comparata di alcuni stati larvali di 20 Microlepidotteri minatori. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia del Reale Istituto Superiore Agrario di Bologna 4: 223 - 336" title="Morfologia ed etologia comparata di insetti a regime specializzato. I. La morfologia comparata di alcuni stati larvali di 20 Microlepidotteri minatori." volume="4" year="1931">1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Grandi, G" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia del Reale Istituto Superiore Agrario di Bologna" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" pagination="143 - 305" refId="B16" refString="Grandi, G, 1933. Morfologia ed etologia comparata di insetti a regime specializzato. IV. La morfologia comparata di vari stati larvali di 30 Microlepidotteri minatori appartenenti a 15 generi ed a 11 famiglie. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia del Reale Istituto Superiore Agrario di Bologna 5: 143 - 305" title="Morfologia ed etologia comparata di insetti a regime specializzato. IV. La morfologia comparata di vari stati larvali di 30 Microlepidotteri minatori appartenenti a 15 generi ed a 11 famiglie." volume="5" year="1933">1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, which are virtual identical descriptions).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630958" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Last instar larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Klasinski & Stonis" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Tischeria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tischeria caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Tischeria caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Tehran, Peykan Shahr).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">A, B, D.</emphasis>
|
||
Larva in dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">A, D</emphasis>
|
||
) and ventral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">B</emphasis>
|
||
) views;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">C, E.</emphasis>
|
||
Anterior part in ventral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">C</emphasis>
|
||
) and dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">E</emphasis>
|
||
) views including head and thoracic segments (the upper, median and lower arrows in the left side of figure
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">E</emphasis>
|
||
indicate the slightly sclerotized plates at pro-, meso- and methathorax; the arrow in the right side indicates the thoracic leg which is visible from dorsal surface);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">F.</emphasis>
|
||
Mandible;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">G.</emphasis>
|
||
Labrum;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">H.</emphasis>
|
||
Anterior part of the head in dorsal view showing antenna (arrow) and mandibles;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">I.</emphasis>
|
||
Maxilla (arrow), maxillary palpi and labium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Labrum (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Last instar larva of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A, B, D. Larva in dorsal (A, D) and ventral (B) views; C, E. Anterior part in ventral (C) and dorsal (E) views including head and thoracic segments (the upper, median and lower arrows in the left side of figure E indicate the slightly sclerotized plates at pro-, meso- and methathorax; the arrow in the right side indicates the thoracic leg which is visible from dorsal surface); F. Mandible; G. Labrum; H. Anterior part of the head in dorsal view showing antenna (arrow) and mandibles; I. Maxilla (arrow), maxillary palpi and labium." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630958" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">4G</figureCitation>
|
||
) rectangular, and trilobed distally, with the two lateral lobes protruded considerably beyond median one, and a pair of fronto-lateral bristles; lateral and sub-posterior elements and medial ones represented by very small hairs, barely visible at very strong magnification. Mandible (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Last instar larva of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A, B, D. Larva in dorsal (A, D) and ventral (B) views; C, E. Anterior part in ventral (C) and dorsal (E) views including head and thoracic segments (the upper, median and lower arrows in the left side of figure E indicate the slightly sclerotized plates at pro-, meso- and methathorax; the arrow in the right side indicates the thoracic leg which is visible from dorsal surface); F. Mandible; G. Labrum; H. Anterior part of the head in dorsal view showing antenna (arrow) and mandibles; I. Maxilla (arrow), maxillary palpi and labium." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630958" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">4F, H</figureCitation>
|
||
) sub-triangular, slightly longer than wide, tridentate apically with blunt tips; oral margin of mandible at proximal half with some setiform processes bent backwards and of different lengths (only visible under very large magnification). Maxillae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Last instar larva of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A, B, D. Larva in dorsal (A, D) and ventral (B) views; C, E. Anterior part in ventral (C) and dorsal (E) views including head and thoracic segments (the upper, median and lower arrows in the left side of figure E indicate the slightly sclerotized plates at pro-, meso- and methathorax; the arrow in the right side indicates the thoracic leg which is visible from dorsal surface); F. Mandible; G. Labrum; H. Anterior part of the head in dorsal view showing antenna (arrow) and mandibles; I. Maxilla (arrow), maxillary palpi and labium." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630958" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">4I</figureCitation>
|
||
) as in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with large laminar stems provided with two very minute placoid structures, its detailed structure hardly visible under available magnification. Maxillary palpi (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Last instar larva of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A, B, D. Larva in dorsal (A, D) and ventral (B) views; C, E. Anterior part in ventral (C) and dorsal (E) views including head and thoracic segments (the upper, median and lower arrows in the left side of figure E indicate the slightly sclerotized plates at pro-, meso- and methathorax; the arrow in the right side indicates the thoracic leg which is visible from dorsal surface); F. Mandible; G. Labrum; H. Anterior part of the head in dorsal view showing antenna (arrow) and mandibles; I. Maxilla (arrow), maxillary palpi and labium." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630958" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">4I</figureCitation>
|
||
) composed of three articles, decreasing in width towards the apex. Labium (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Last instar larva of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A, B, D. Larva in dorsal (A, D) and ventral (B) views; C, E. Anterior part in ventral (C) and dorsal (E) views including head and thoracic segments (the upper, median and lower arrows in the left side of figure E indicate the slightly sclerotized plates at pro-, meso- and methathorax; the arrow in the right side indicates the thoracic leg which is visible from dorsal surface); F. Mandible; G. Labrum; H. Anterior part of the head in dorsal view showing antenna (arrow) and mandibles; I. Maxilla (arrow), maxillary palpi and labium." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630958" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">4I</figureCitation>
|
||
) nearly as that of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but bi-articulated labial palpi were hardly visible under the available maximum magnification.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Antennae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Last instar larva of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A, B, D. Larva in dorsal (A, D) and ventral (B) views; C, E. Anterior part in ventral (C) and dorsal (E) views including head and thoracic segments (the upper, median and lower arrows in the left side of figure E indicate the slightly sclerotized plates at pro-, meso- and methathorax; the arrow in the right side indicates the thoracic leg which is visible from dorsal surface); F. Mandible; G. Labrum; H. Anterior part of the head in dorsal view showing antenna (arrow) and mandibles; I. Maxilla (arrow), maxillary palpi and labium." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630958" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">4H</figureCitation>
|
||
) three-segmented, segment 1 sub-cylindrical, slightly less than twice as long as wide, segment 2 slightly longer than wide, slightly less than half length of segment 1; distally with a long bristle, bristles on antennal surface hardly distinguishable under available magnification.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Thorax and abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Nearly as in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; however, first thoracic segment not wider than other two (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Last instar larva of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A, B, D. Larva in dorsal (A, D) and ventral (B) views; C, E. Anterior part in ventral (C) and dorsal (E) views including head and thoracic segments (the upper, median and lower arrows in the left side of figure E indicate the slightly sclerotized plates at pro-, meso- and methathorax; the arrow in the right side indicates the thoracic leg which is visible from dorsal surface); F. Mandible; G. Labrum; H. Anterior part of the head in dorsal view showing antenna (arrow) and mandibles; I. Maxilla (arrow), maxillary palpi and labium." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630958" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">4A-E</figureCitation>
|
||
). In the examined larvae the 2nd and 3rd thoracic segments mostly with same width and length (although in some specimens segment 2 is slightly wider than 3), segment 1 always the shortest, its width slightly less than two remaining thoracic segments or occasionally with same width (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Last instar larva of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A, B, D. Larva in dorsal (A, D) and ventral (B) views; C, E. Anterior part in ventral (C) and dorsal (E) views including head and thoracic segments (the upper, median and lower arrows in the left side of figure E indicate the slightly sclerotized plates at pro-, meso- and methathorax; the arrow in the right side indicates the thoracic leg which is visible from dorsal surface); F. Mandible; G. Labrum; H. Anterior part of the head in dorsal view showing antenna (arrow) and mandibles; I. Maxilla (arrow), maxillary palpi and labium." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630958" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">4A-E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abdominal segment 1 normally shorter than segments 2-6 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Last instar larva of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A, B, D. Larva in dorsal (A, D) and ventral (B) views; C, E. Anterior part in ventral (C) and dorsal (E) views including head and thoracic segments (the upper, median and lower arrows in the left side of figure E indicate the slightly sclerotized plates at pro-, meso- and methathorax; the arrow in the right side indicates the thoracic leg which is visible from dorsal surface); F. Mandible; G. Labrum; H. Anterior part of the head in dorsal view showing antenna (arrow) and mandibles; I. Maxilla (arrow), maxillary palpi and labium." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630958" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">4A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
), but in some specimens segments 1 and 2 equal in length and shorter than segments 3-6 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Last instar larva of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A, B, D. Larva in dorsal (A, D) and ventral (B) views; C, E. Anterior part in ventral (C) and dorsal (E) views including head and thoracic segments (the upper, median and lower arrows in the left side of figure E indicate the slightly sclerotized plates at pro-, meso- and methathorax; the arrow in the right side indicates the thoracic leg which is visible from dorsal surface); F. Mandible; G. Labrum; H. Anterior part of the head in dorsal view showing antenna (arrow) and mandibles; I. Maxilla (arrow), maxillary palpi and labium." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630958" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">4D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abdominal segments 3-6 and sometimes 2-6 are usually the longest. Abdominal segment 1 usually slightly narrower than 2-6 or 3-6 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Last instar larva of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A, B, D. Larva in dorsal (A, D) and ventral (B) views; C, E. Anterior part in ventral (C) and dorsal (E) views including head and thoracic segments (the upper, median and lower arrows in the left side of figure E indicate the slightly sclerotized plates at pro-, meso- and methathorax; the arrow in the right side indicates the thoracic leg which is visible from dorsal surface); F. Mandible; G. Labrum; H. Anterior part of the head in dorsal view showing antenna (arrow) and mandibles; I. Maxilla (arrow), maxillary palpi and labium." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630958" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">4A, B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Thoracic segments each with pair of very slightly sclerotized circular to elliptical plates on both dorsal and ventral surfaces towards the lateral sides (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Last instar larva of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A, B, D. Larva in dorsal (A, D) and ventral (B) views; C, E. Anterior part in ventral (C) and dorsal (E) views including head and thoracic segments (the upper, median and lower arrows in the left side of figure E indicate the slightly sclerotized plates at pro-, meso- and methathorax; the arrow in the right side indicates the thoracic leg which is visible from dorsal surface); F. Mandible; G. Labrum; H. Anterior part of the head in dorsal view showing antenna (arrow) and mandibles; I. Maxilla (arrow), maxillary palpi and labium." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630958" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">4D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Terga and sterna of the last larval instar of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A. Prothorax (arrow indicates the slightly sclerotized plate); B. Metathorax, left half (arrows showing the bristles on dorsal and dorso-lateral sides); C. Second abdominal segment in half view (arrows indicate the bristles on medio-lateral and lateral sides); D, E. Third abdominal segment in half view (D) and median part (E) (arrows indicate arrangement of the bristles on dorsal and lateral sides); F. Ventral surface of first thoracic segment in half view showing slightly sclerotized plate (left arrow) and first thoracic leg (arrows indicate the microscopic hairs at the distal end of the leg); G. Ventral surface of the third abdominal segment showing the atrophied prolegs (arrows indicate the hairs positioned external to proleg); H. Pair of linear series of hooks in the last proleg." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630959" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">5A, B, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The plates of the 2nd and 3rd tergites and sternites have nearly the same size and shape, and if elliptical positioned transversely. The plates of the 1st tergite are elongate and somehow obliquely arranged to the longitudinal axis of the body (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Last instar larva of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A, B, D. Larva in dorsal (A, D) and ventral (B) views; C, E. Anterior part in ventral (C) and dorsal (E) views including head and thoracic segments (the upper, median and lower arrows in the left side of figure E indicate the slightly sclerotized plates at pro-, meso- and methathorax; the arrow in the right side indicates the thoracic leg which is visible from dorsal surface); F. Mandible; G. Labrum; H. Anterior part of the head in dorsal view showing antenna (arrow) and mandibles; I. Maxilla (arrow), maxillary palpi and labium." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630958" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">4D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Terga and sterna of the last larval instar of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A. Prothorax (arrow indicates the slightly sclerotized plate); B. Metathorax, left half (arrows showing the bristles on dorsal and dorso-lateral sides); C. Second abdominal segment in half view (arrows indicate the bristles on medio-lateral and lateral sides); D, E. Third abdominal segment in half view (D) and median part (E) (arrows indicate arrangement of the bristles on dorsal and lateral sides); F. Ventral surface of first thoracic segment in half view showing slightly sclerotized plate (left arrow) and first thoracic leg (arrows indicate the microscopic hairs at the distal end of the leg); G. Ventral surface of the third abdominal segment showing the atrophied prolegs (arrows indicate the hairs positioned external to proleg); H. Pair of linear series of hooks in the last proleg." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630959" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">5A</figureCitation>
|
||
); while those of the 1st sternite are sometimes irregularly shaped (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Terga and sterna of the last larval instar of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A. Prothorax (arrow indicates the slightly sclerotized plate); B. Metathorax, left half (arrows showing the bristles on dorsal and dorso-lateral sides); C. Second abdominal segment in half view (arrows indicate the bristles on medio-lateral and lateral sides); D, E. Third abdominal segment in half view (D) and median part (E) (arrows indicate arrangement of the bristles on dorsal and lateral sides); F. Ventral surface of first thoracic segment in half view showing slightly sclerotized plate (left arrow) and first thoracic leg (arrows indicate the microscopic hairs at the distal end of the leg); G. Ventral surface of the third abdominal segment showing the atrophied prolegs (arrows indicate the hairs positioned external to proleg); H. Pair of linear series of hooks in the last proleg." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630959" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">5F</figureCitation>
|
||
). These plates usually have a less sclerotized centre and are hardly visible, but they can be observed after staining the abdomen (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Last instar larva of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A, B, D. Larva in dorsal (A, D) and ventral (B) views; C, E. Anterior part in ventral (C) and dorsal (E) views including head and thoracic segments (the upper, median and lower arrows in the left side of figure E indicate the slightly sclerotized plates at pro-, meso- and methathorax; the arrow in the right side indicates the thoracic leg which is visible from dorsal surface); F. Mandible; G. Labrum; H. Anterior part of the head in dorsal view showing antenna (arrow) and mandibles; I. Maxilla (arrow), maxillary palpi and labium." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630958" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">4D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Terga and sterna of the last larval instar of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A. Prothorax (arrow indicates the slightly sclerotized plate); B. Metathorax, left half (arrows showing the bristles on dorsal and dorso-lateral sides); C. Second abdominal segment in half view (arrows indicate the bristles on medio-lateral and lateral sides); D, E. Third abdominal segment in half view (D) and median part (E) (arrows indicate arrangement of the bristles on dorsal and lateral sides); F. Ventral surface of first thoracic segment in half view showing slightly sclerotized plate (left arrow) and first thoracic leg (arrows indicate the microscopic hairs at the distal end of the leg); G. Ventral surface of the third abdominal segment showing the atrophied prolegs (arrows indicate the hairs positioned external to proleg); H. Pair of linear series of hooks in the last proleg." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630959" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">5A, B, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630959" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Terga and sterna of the last larval instar of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Klasinski & Stonis" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Tischeria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tischeria caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Tischeria caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Tehran, Peykan Shahr).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Prothorax (arrow indicates the slightly sclerotized plate);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Metathorax, left half (arrows showing the bristles on dorsal and dorso-lateral sides);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Second abdominal segment in half view (arrows indicate the bristles on medio-lateral and lateral sides);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">D, E.</emphasis>
|
||
Third abdominal segment in half view (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">D</emphasis>
|
||
) and median part (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">E</emphasis>
|
||
) (arrows indicate arrangement of the bristles on dorsal and lateral sides);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">F.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral surface of first thoracic segment in half view showing slightly sclerotized plate (left arrow) and first thoracic leg (arrows indicate the microscopic hairs at the distal end of the leg);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">G.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral surface of the third abdominal segment showing the atrophied prolegs (arrows indicate the hairs positioned external to proleg);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">H.</emphasis>
|
||
Pair of linear series of hooks in the last proleg.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Thoracic segments with single long bristle laterally, and pair of short bristles dorso-laterally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Terga and sterna of the last larval instar of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A. Prothorax (arrow indicates the slightly sclerotized plate); B. Metathorax, left half (arrows showing the bristles on dorsal and dorso-lateral sides); C. Second abdominal segment in half view (arrows indicate the bristles on medio-lateral and lateral sides); D, E. Third abdominal segment in half view (D) and median part (E) (arrows indicate arrangement of the bristles on dorsal and lateral sides); F. Ventral surface of first thoracic segment in half view showing slightly sclerotized plate (left arrow) and first thoracic leg (arrows indicate the microscopic hairs at the distal end of the leg); G. Ventral surface of the third abdominal segment showing the atrophied prolegs (arrows indicate the hairs positioned external to proleg); H. Pair of linear series of hooks in the last proleg." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630959" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">5B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Thoracic legs nearly pyramid-shaped or finger-shaped (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Last instar larva of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A, B, D. Larva in dorsal (A, D) and ventral (B) views; C, E. Anterior part in ventral (C) and dorsal (E) views including head and thoracic segments (the upper, median and lower arrows in the left side of figure E indicate the slightly sclerotized plates at pro-, meso- and methathorax; the arrow in the right side indicates the thoracic leg which is visible from dorsal surface); F. Mandible; G. Labrum; H. Anterior part of the head in dorsal view showing antenna (arrow) and mandibles; I. Maxilla (arrow), maxillary palpi and labium." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630958" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">4D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Terga and sterna of the last larval instar of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A. Prothorax (arrow indicates the slightly sclerotized plate); B. Metathorax, left half (arrows showing the bristles on dorsal and dorso-lateral sides); C. Second abdominal segment in half view (arrows indicate the bristles on medio-lateral and lateral sides); D, E. Third abdominal segment in half view (D) and median part (E) (arrows indicate arrangement of the bristles on dorsal and lateral sides); F. Ventral surface of first thoracic segment in half view showing slightly sclerotized plate (left arrow) and first thoracic leg (arrows indicate the microscopic hairs at the distal end of the leg); G. Ventral surface of the third abdominal segment showing the atrophied prolegs (arrows indicate the hairs positioned external to proleg); H. Pair of linear series of hooks in the last proleg." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630959" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">5F</figureCitation>
|
||
), very short, bearing two microscopic internal hairs distally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Terga and sterna of the last larval instar of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A. Prothorax (arrow indicates the slightly sclerotized plate); B. Metathorax, left half (arrows showing the bristles on dorsal and dorso-lateral sides); C. Second abdominal segment in half view (arrows indicate the bristles on medio-lateral and lateral sides); D, E. Third abdominal segment in half view (D) and median part (E) (arrows indicate arrangement of the bristles on dorsal and lateral sides); F. Ventral surface of first thoracic segment in half view showing slightly sclerotized plate (left arrow) and first thoracic leg (arrows indicate the microscopic hairs at the distal end of the leg); G. Ventral surface of the third abdominal segment showing the atrophied prolegs (arrows indicate the hairs positioned external to proleg); H. Pair of linear series of hooks in the last proleg." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630959" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">5F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Abdominal tergites 1-8 with pair of long bristles on either side. Tergites 1 and 2 with two pairs of short bristles positioned rather medio-laterally, and nearly in a line (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Terga and sterna of the last larval instar of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A. Prothorax (arrow indicates the slightly sclerotized plate); B. Metathorax, left half (arrows showing the bristles on dorsal and dorso-lateral sides); C. Second abdominal segment in half view (arrows indicate the bristles on medio-lateral and lateral sides); D, E. Third abdominal segment in half view (D) and median part (E) (arrows indicate arrangement of the bristles on dorsal and lateral sides); F. Ventral surface of first thoracic segment in half view showing slightly sclerotized plate (left arrow) and first thoracic leg (arrows indicate the microscopic hairs at the distal end of the leg); G. Ventral surface of the third abdominal segment showing the atrophied prolegs (arrows indicate the hairs positioned external to proleg); H. Pair of linear series of hooks in the last proleg." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630959" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">5C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tergites 3-6 with two pairs of short bristles, which are not in the same line and positioned more laterally, and two pairs of nearly short, robust asymmetrical bristles internal to the lateral pairs, implanted on a common base or with bases completely confluent (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Terga and sterna of the last larval instar of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A. Prothorax (arrow indicates the slightly sclerotized plate); B. Metathorax, left half (arrows showing the bristles on dorsal and dorso-lateral sides); C. Second abdominal segment in half view (arrows indicate the bristles on medio-lateral and lateral sides); D, E. Third abdominal segment in half view (D) and median part (E) (arrows indicate arrangement of the bristles on dorsal and lateral sides); F. Ventral surface of first thoracic segment in half view showing slightly sclerotized plate (left arrow) and first thoracic leg (arrows indicate the microscopic hairs at the distal end of the leg); G. Ventral surface of the third abdominal segment showing the atrophied prolegs (arrows indicate the hairs positioned external to proleg); H. Pair of linear series of hooks in the last proleg." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630959" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">5D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tergites 7 and 8 each with a submedial hair. Tergite 8 with five pairs of long marginal hairs, and some serration towards the middle part. Four pairs of the prolegs on segments 3-6 atrophied, without any trace of crochets (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Last instar larva of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A, B, D. Larva in dorsal (A, D) and ventral (B) views; C, E. Anterior part in ventral (C) and dorsal (E) views including head and thoracic segments (the upper, median and lower arrows in the left side of figure E indicate the slightly sclerotized plates at pro-, meso- and methathorax; the arrow in the right side indicates the thoracic leg which is visible from dorsal surface); F. Mandible; G. Labrum; H. Anterior part of the head in dorsal view showing antenna (arrow) and mandibles; I. Maxilla (arrow), maxillary palpi and labium." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630958" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">4D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Terga and sterna of the last larval instar of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A. Prothorax (arrow indicates the slightly sclerotized plate); B. Metathorax, left half (arrows showing the bristles on dorsal and dorso-lateral sides); C. Second abdominal segment in half view (arrows indicate the bristles on medio-lateral and lateral sides); D, E. Third abdominal segment in half view (D) and median part (E) (arrows indicate arrangement of the bristles on dorsal and lateral sides); F. Ventral surface of first thoracic segment in half view showing slightly sclerotized plate (left arrow) and first thoracic leg (arrows indicate the microscopic hairs at the distal end of the leg); G. Ventral surface of the third abdominal segment showing the atrophied prolegs (arrows indicate the hairs positioned external to proleg); H. Pair of linear series of hooks in the last proleg." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630959" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">5G</figureCitation>
|
||
), but with three hairs externally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Terga and sterna of the last larval instar of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A. Prothorax (arrow indicates the slightly sclerotized plate); B. Metathorax, left half (arrows showing the bristles on dorsal and dorso-lateral sides); C. Second abdominal segment in half view (arrows indicate the bristles on medio-lateral and lateral sides); D, E. Third abdominal segment in half view (D) and median part (E) (arrows indicate arrangement of the bristles on dorsal and lateral sides); F. Ventral surface of first thoracic segment in half view showing slightly sclerotized plate (left arrow) and first thoracic leg (arrows indicate the microscopic hairs at the distal end of the leg); G. Ventral surface of the third abdominal segment showing the atrophied prolegs (arrows indicate the hairs positioned external to proleg); H. Pair of linear series of hooks in the last proleg." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630959" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">5G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Last proleg provided with pair of linear series of crochets, which in specimens examined each contain between 20-24 elements. They are not in equal numbers normally (n = 3) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Terga and sterna of the last larval instar of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A. Prothorax (arrow indicates the slightly sclerotized plate); B. Metathorax, left half (arrows showing the bristles on dorsal and dorso-lateral sides); C. Second abdominal segment in half view (arrows indicate the bristles on medio-lateral and lateral sides); D, E. Third abdominal segment in half view (D) and median part (E) (arrows indicate arrangement of the bristles on dorsal and lateral sides); F. Ventral surface of first thoracic segment in half view showing slightly sclerotized plate (left arrow) and first thoracic leg (arrows indicate the microscopic hairs at the distal end of the leg); G. Ventral surface of the third abdominal segment showing the atrophied prolegs (arrows indicate the hairs positioned external to proleg); H. Pair of linear series of hooks in the last proleg." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630959" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">5H</figureCitation>
|
||
). For measurements of head capsule and body see Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Head capsule width and body length (min-max; mean + / - SE, mm) of different larval instars in Tischeria caucasica." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8DA248F2CBB3BBA8B94F675ECAA727A7" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" tableUuid="8DA248F2CBB3BBA8B94F675ECAA727A7">1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Table-UUID="8DA248F2CBB3BBA8B94F675ECAA727A7" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8DA248F2CBB3BBA8B94F675ECAA727A7" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Table 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Head capsule width and body length (min-max; mean
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
SE, mm) of different larval instars in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Klasinski & Stonis" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Tischeria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tischeria caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Tischeria caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Larval instar</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">n</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Min-Max</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Width (mm)</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Min-Max</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Body length (mm)</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">1</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">15</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">0.19-0.27</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
|
||
0.23
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.02
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">0.76-1.48</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
|
||
1.07
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.22
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">2</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">11</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">0.28-0.37</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
|
||
0.32
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.03
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">1.41-3.35</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
|
||
1.96
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.56
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">3</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">20</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">0.41-0.47</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
|
||
0.44
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.02
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">2.03-4.20</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
|
||
3.56
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.49
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">4</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">51</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">0.52-0.69</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
|
||
0.61
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.03
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">3.25-6.60</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
|
||
5.29
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.85
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Pupa (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Pupae of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A-C. Whole body in dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views; D, E. Posterior half of the body in female (D) and male (E) (arrows indicate pronounced differences between female and male pupae)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630960" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">6A-E</figureCitation>
|
||
) pale ochre to ochreous-brown, with brown scales at the dorsal surface of abdominal segments. The sex of the pupa can be easily recognised by shape of last abdominal segment (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Pupae of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A-C. Whole body in dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views; D, E. Posterior half of the body in female (D) and male (E) (arrows indicate pronounced differences between female and male pupae)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630960" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">6D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). In the female, the paired triangular processes at the end of last abdominal tergum are slightly larger and closer to each other than in the male (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Pupae of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr). A-C. Whole body in dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views; D, E. Posterior half of the body in female (D) and male (E) (arrows indicate pronounced differences between female and male pupae)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630960" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">6D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Papillae anales of female genitalia usually visible. Female pupa slightly larger than male. Length of male pupa 3.70-4.40 mm (x = 4.06 mm
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.17, n = 22); female pupa 3.50-5.1 mm (x = 4.28 mm
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.43, n = 25).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630960" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Pupae of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Klasinski & Stonis" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Tischeria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tischeria caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Tischeria caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Tehran, Peykan Shahr).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">A-C.</emphasis>
|
||
Whole body in dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
|
||
), ventral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">B</emphasis>
|
||
) and lateral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">C</emphasis>
|
||
) views;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">D, E.</emphasis>
|
||
Posterior half of the body in female (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">D</emphasis>
|
||
) and male (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">E</emphasis>
|
||
) (arrows indicate pronounced differences between female and male pupae).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Host plants: In Iran
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus castaneifolia" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="castaneifolia">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Quercus castaneifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Q." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Q. infectoria" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="infectoria">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Q. infectoria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Q." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Q. libani" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="libani">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Q. libani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Q." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Q. macranthera" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macranthera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Q. macranthera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Q." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Q. robur" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robur">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Q. robur</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Q." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). In Peykan Shahr the percentage of infection in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Q." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Q. robur" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robur">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Q. robur</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was very high (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Blotch mines of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr) on Quercus robur. A. infected tree; B, C. Young mines (first generation), early June, 2018; D. Full grown mines (first generation), early July, 2018; E, F. Developing mines (second generation), mid July, 2018; G-I. Old mines (second generation), end of September, 2018; J. Last instar larva dissected from the mine, second generation; K. Pupal exuviae and adult next to opened mine, second generation. The greatest number of mines in the first generation appeared in the first half of June. Adults were observed from early to mid July, when the next generation would occur." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630961" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">7B-I</figureCitation>
|
||
), higher than in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Q." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Q. infectoria" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="infectoria">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Q. infectoria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Blotch mines of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr) on Quercus infectoria (A-C), and Q. libani (E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630962" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">8A-C</figureCitation>
|
||
), and in the latter species it was higher than in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Q." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Q. libani" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="libani">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Q. libani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Blotch mines of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr) on Quercus infectoria (A-C), and Q. libani (E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630962" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">8D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Q." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Q. libani" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="libani">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Q. libani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the infection rate was very low (one or two mines on each leaf) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Blotch mines of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr) on Quercus infectoria (A-C), and Q. libani (E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630962" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">8D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mines from Georgia (one larva barcoded RMNH.INS.31425) that most likely belong to this species, were found on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Q." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Q. petraea subsp. polycarpa" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="petraea" subSpecies="polycarpa">Q. petraea subsp. polycarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Schur)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Soó">Soo</normalizedToken>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Castanea sativa" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Castanea sativa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Mill.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630961" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Blotch mines of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Klasinski & Stonis" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Tischeria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tischeria caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Tischeria caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Tehran, Peykan Shahr) on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus robur" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robur">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Quercus robur</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">A.</emphasis>
|
||
infected tree;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">B, C.</emphasis>
|
||
Young mines (first generation), early June, 2018;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Full grown mines (first generation), early July, 2018;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">E, F.</emphasis>
|
||
Developing mines (second generation), mid July, 2018;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">G-I.</emphasis>
|
||
Old mines (second generation), end of September, 2018;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">J.</emphasis>
|
||
Last instar larva dissected from the mine, second generation;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">K.</emphasis>
|
||
Pupal exuviae and adult next to opened mine, second generation. The greatest number of mines in the first generation appeared in the first half of June. Adults were observed from early to mid July, when the next generation would occur.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Based on the results of this study,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has two generations per year in Tehran province. The eggs are white-grey in colour, deposited on the upper side of the leaf near the mid-rib or on larger lateral ribs. The mines consist of milky white upper-surface primary flat blotches, sometimes with orange hues, and like
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. ekebladella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ekebladella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. ekebladella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with no traces of preceding corridors (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Blotch mines of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr) on Quercus robur. A. infected tree; B, C. Young mines (first generation), early June, 2018; D. Full grown mines (first generation), early July, 2018; E, F. Developing mines (second generation), mid July, 2018; G-I. Old mines (second generation), end of September, 2018; J. Last instar larva dissected from the mine, second generation; K. Pupal exuviae and adult next to opened mine, second generation. The greatest number of mines in the first generation appeared in the first half of June. Adults were observed from early to mid July, when the next generation would occur." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630961" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">7A-K</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Blotch mines of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr) on Quercus infectoria (A-C), and Q. libani (E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630962" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">8A-E</figureCitation>
|
||
). As they get older, they turn very pale brown (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Blotch mines of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr) on Quercus robur. A. infected tree; B, C. Young mines (first generation), early June, 2018; D. Full grown mines (first generation), early July, 2018; E, F. Developing mines (second generation), mid July, 2018; G-I. Old mines (second generation), end of September, 2018; J. Last instar larva dissected from the mine, second generation; K. Pupal exuviae and adult next to opened mine, second generation. The greatest number of mines in the first generation appeared in the first half of June. Adults were observed from early to mid July, when the next generation would occur." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630961" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">7A-H</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Blotch mines of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr) on Quercus infectoria (A-C), and Q. libani (E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630962" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">8A-C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The cocoon was made nearly at the centre of each blotch (the so called nidus) and pupation took place within the mine. No frass was observed inside the mine (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Blotch mines of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr) on Quercus robur. A. infected tree; B, C. Young mines (first generation), early June, 2018; D. Full grown mines (first generation), early July, 2018; E, F. Developing mines (second generation), mid July, 2018; G-I. Old mines (second generation), end of September, 2018; J. Last instar larva dissected from the mine, second generation; K. Pupal exuviae and adult next to opened mine, second generation. The greatest number of mines in the first generation appeared in the first half of June. Adults were observed from early to mid July, when the next generation would occur." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630961" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">7G, K</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Blotch mines of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr) on Quercus infectoria (A-C), and Q. libani (E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630962" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">8B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630962" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Figure 8.</emphasis>
|
||
Blotch mines of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Klasinski & Stonis" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Tischeria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tischeria caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Tischeria caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Tehran, Peykan Shahr) on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus infectoria" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="infectoria">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Quercus infectoria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">A-C</emphasis>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Q." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Q. libani" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="libani">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Q. libani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">E, F</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Leafmines were observed in 2017 and 2018 from late May to the first half of December, when the blotches were very minute. The greatest number of the mines in the first generation appeared in the first half of June. Adults were observed in early to mid July, when the next generation would occur. In the first generation, many adults emerged and, as a result, the population density increased remarkably during the second generation. In November, during leaf fall, the last instar larvae were overwintering inside the blotches. Live larvae were observed, yet sedentary through a cut in the upper epidermis in winter at the height of the cold. They became active and pupated after the end of the cold weather period.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Four larval instars were estimated by measuring the width of the head capsule of each larval instar and applying
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Dyar’s">Dyar's</normalizedToken>
|
||
law (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dyar, HG" journalOrPublisher="Psyche (Cambridge)" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" pagination="420 - 422" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/182256" refId="B10" refString="Dyar, HG, 1890. The number of molts of lepidopterous larvae. Psyche (Cambridge) 5 (175-176): 420 - 422, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/182256" title="The number of molts of lepidopterous larvae." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/182256" volume="5" year="1890">Dyar 1890</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Body length and head capsule width, min-max (mean
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
SE) in all larval instars, are shown in Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Head capsule width and body length (min-max; mean + / - SE, mm) of different larval instars in Tischeria caucasica." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8DA248F2CBB3BBA8B94F675ECAA727A7" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" tableUuid="8DA248F2CBB3BBA8B94F675ECAA727A7">1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="seasonal development">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Seasonal development.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
In Tehran (Peykan Shahr) the activity period of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae started from the end of May and continued in two generations until the beginning of December. In the first generation during 2018, the 1st larval instar hatched late May (22nd) and feeding on leaf tissue within the mine. The first and second larval instars formed a short linear mine towards the leaf edge. Third instar larvae appeared at the end of May (27th), the last instar nearly at the first half of June (10th), and adults emerged from mid June (16th) to the 1st of July.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
The number of mines per leaf varies; in some cases there are as many as 12 mines (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Blotch mines of Tischeria caucasica (Tehran, Peykan Shahr) on Quercus infectoria (A-C), and Q. libani (E, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630962" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">8C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The first larval instar of the second generation appeared at the end of August (30th) and the last instar on late September. They overwintered as 4th instar larvae and remained quiescent until pupation in late May to early June. According to the results of this study,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had a severe outbreak between 2017 to 2019, despite spraying the trees and destroying the fallen leaves. In 2020, the infection was considerably lower, and there was no trace of infection in the garden until May 2021.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Two species of parasitic wasps,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gahan" authorityYear="1925" class="Insecta" family="Chalcididae" genus="Brachymeria" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachymeria excarinata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="excarinata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Brachymeria excarinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gahan, 1925 (family
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chalcididae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chalcididae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Aprostocetus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aprostocetus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Aprostocetus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (family
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Haliday" baseAuthorityYear="1833" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eulophidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) emerged from the mines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Georgia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v66i1.4186" author="Klasinski, A" journalOrPublisher="Biologija" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" pagination="10 - 20" refId="B20" refString="Klasinski, A, Stonis, JR, Remeikis, A, 2020. Diagnostics based on the juxta morphology reveals a new species of Tischeria Zeller (Lepidoptera, Tischeriidae) from the Caucasus. Biologija 66 (1): 10 - 20, DOI: https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v66i1.4186" title="Diagnostics based on the juxta morphology reveals a new species of Tischeria Zeller (Lepidoptera, Tischeriidae) from the Caucasus." url="https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v66i1.4186" volume="66" year="2020">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Klasiński">Klasinski</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and Iran (Tehran: Peykan Shahr; East Azarbaijan: Ainalou; Gilan: Molumeh; Mazandaran: Neka) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Map of all records of Tischeria caucasica in Georgia and Iran. Map prepared with QGis 3.10." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630963" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">9</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/nl.45.76043.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/630963" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Figure 9.</emphasis>
|
||
Map of all records of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Klasinski & Stonis" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Tischeria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tischeria caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Tischeria caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Georgia and Iran. Map prepared with QGis 3.10.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" country="Iran" location="Peykan Shahr" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tehran Prov.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Iran">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Iran" name="Tehran">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tehrān">Tehran</normalizedToken>
|
||
Prov.
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tehrān">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Iran" name="Tehran">Tehran</collectingRegion>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4380EEBBAA6051E48EF2A61D340F26BD:B626565A16E296BE3DABECFA0CF9BD70" country="Iran" name="Peykan Shahr" stateProvince="Tehran Prov.">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Peykān">Peykan</normalizedToken>
|
||
Shahr
|
||
</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="44" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="27" value="35.740833">35°44'27"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="51" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="50" value="51.180557">51°10'50"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3169999999999997" unit="m" value="1317.0">1317 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">33 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">26 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, emerged 6, 9, 16, 19, 21, 23,
|
||
<date value="2018-06-24">24.vi.2018</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">11 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">23 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, emerged 3, 6, 7, 10,
|
||
<date value="2019-07-13">13.vii.2019</date>
|
||
(first generation);
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">7 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">8 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, emerged
|
||
<date value="2018-12-09">9.xii.2018</date>
|
||
(second generation),
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="S. Farahani" country="Iran" location="Same" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tehran">
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
S.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Farahāni">Farahani</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
leg., all reared from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus robur" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robur">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Quercus robur</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(genitalia slides HA-2375, HA-2376, HA-2377, HA-2378, HA-2379, HA-2380, HMIM);
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4380EEBBAA6051E48EF2A61D340F26BD:4C8DF5AE1956170F98B6C5AFCC5CFF8E" country="Iran" name="Same" stateProvince="Tehran">Same</location>
|
||
locality
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, emerged
|
||
<date value="2016-06-11">11.vi.2016</date>
|
||
, genitalia slides EvN5029 (
|
||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||
), EvN5030 (
|
||
<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
|
||
), specimens barcoded, RMNH.INS.25029, RMNH.INS.25030 (RMNH);
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="S. Farahani" country="Iran" location="Same" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Tehran">
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, not pinned, same data, RMNH
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
East
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Āzarbāijān">Azarbaijan</normalizedToken>
|
||
Prov.,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Arasbārān">Arasbaran</normalizedToken>
|
||
protected area,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Āsheghlou">Asheghlou</normalizedToken>
|
||
to
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vāyeghān">Vayeghan</normalizedToken>
|
||
Rd., near
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Āinalou">Ainalou</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="38" direction="north" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="4.3" value="38.96786">38°58'4.3"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="46" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="27.6" value="46.70767">46°42'27.6"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.13" unit="m" value="513.0">513 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date value="2008-09-17">17.ix.2008</date>
|
||
, J. Buszko leg.,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus macranthera" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macranthera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Quercus macranthera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 3 mines,
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, emerged
|
||
<date value="2009-03-16" valueMax="2009-03-26" valueMin="2009-03-16">16.-26.iii.2009</date>
|
||
, genitalia slide
|
||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||
EvN5287, RMNH.INS.25287, RMNH, HMIM;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2008-09-11" collectingDateMax="2009-03-17" collectingDateMin="2008-09-11" collectorName="J. Buszko" latitude="36.854725" location="Molumeh" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="49.93017" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Gilan Prov.">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Iran" name="Gilan">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gilān">Gilan</normalizedToken>
|
||
Prov.
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4380EEBBAA6051E48EF2A61D340F26BD:69F72B393983899262ED36D49AC4F61B" latitude="36.854725" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="49.93017" name="Molumeh" stateProvince="Gilan Prov.">Molumeh</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="51" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="17.01" value="36.854725">36°51'17.01"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="49" direction="east" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="48.60" value="49.93017">49°55'48.60"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2008-09-11">11.ix.2008</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>J. Buszko</collectorName>
|
||
leg.,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus macranthera" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macranthera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Quercus macranthera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 3 mines,
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, emerged
|
||
<collectingDate value="2009-03-17">17.iii.2009</collectingDate>
|
||
, genitalia slide
|
||
<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
|
||
EvN5291, RMNH.INS.25291, RMNH, HMIM
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2007-09-30" collectingDateMax="2008-02-26" collectingDateMin="2007-09-30" collectorName="J. Buszko" elevation="530" latitude="36.50464" location="Neka" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="53.390835" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Mazandaran Prov.">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Iran" name="Mazandaran">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Māzandarān">Mazandaran</normalizedToken>
|
||
Prov.
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nekā">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4380EEBBAA6051E48EF2A61D340F26BD:52F39EEC3C18C37E3FE1E275D59D8D8F" latitude="36.50464" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="53.390835" name="Neka" stateProvince="Mazandaran Prov.">Neka</location>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="16.7" value="36.50464">36°30'16.7"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="53" direction="east" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="27" value="53.390835">53°23'27"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" unit="m" value="530.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" unit="m" value="530.0">530 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2007-09-30">30.ix.2007</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>J. Buszko</collectorName>
|
||
leg.,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus castaneifolia" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="castaneifolia">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Quercus castaneifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 4 mines,
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, emerged
|
||
<collectingDate value="2008-02-20" valueMax="2008-02-26" valueMin="2008-02-20">20.-26.ii.2008</collectingDate>
|
||
, genitalia slides
|
||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||
EvN5289, EvN5290, RMNH.INS.25289, RMNH.INS.25290, RMNH, HMIM
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2019-07-08" collectorName="Leo Vahatalo, Anssi Vahatalo" country="Georgia" county="Lesser Caucasus" location="Kvabiskhevi" municipality="Borjomi" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Samtskhe-Javakheti">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Georgia">Georgia</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectingCounty>Lesser Caucasus</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Georgia" name="Samtskhe-Javakheti">Samtskhe-Javakheti</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Borjomi</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4380EEBBAA6051E48EF2A61D340F26BD:78FDD4E68544DA7F4522C9195CF19519" country="Georgia" county="Lesser Caucasus" municipality="Borjomi" name="Kvabiskhevi" stateProvince="Samtskhe-Javakheti">Kvabiskhevi</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2019-07-08">8.vii.2019</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>Leo Vahatalo</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>Anssi Vahatalo</collectorName>
|
||
leg., LepiLED, genitalia slide EvN5274, specimen barcoded, GBRD.286,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4380EEBBAA6051E48EF2A61D340F26BD:23E10CBF064234E1C2B32FF94EA4A8BB" country="Georgia" county="Lesser Caucasus" municipality="Borjomi" name="Research Collection of Anssi" stateProvince="Samtskhe-Javakheti">Research Collection of Anssi</location>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>Leo Vahatalo</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Leafmines most likely belonging to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. caucasica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caucasica">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">T. caucasica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-09-19" collectorName="M. V. Kozlov, V. Zverev" latitude="41.676945" location="Chakvistavi" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="41.873055" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Adjara">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Georgia" name="Ajaria">Adjara</collectingRegion>
|
||
AR,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4380EEBBAA6051E48EF2A61D340F26BD:BB0FEA5EAF9F22906E84183384F65FBF" latitude="41.676945" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="41.873055" name="Chakvistavi" stateProvince="Adjara">Chakvistavi</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="41" direction="north" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="37" value="41.676945">41°40'37"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="41" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="23" value="41.873055">41°52'23"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2018-09-19">19.ix.2018</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M.V. Kozlov</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>V. Zverev</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Castanea sativa" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Castanea sativa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 7 mines, RMNH.INS.48084-48085 (RMNH)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-09-26" collectorName="M. V. Kozlov, V. Zverev" latitude="41.57028" location="Chikuneti" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="41.862778" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Adjara">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Georgia" name="Ajaria">Adjara</collectingRegion>
|
||
AR,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4380EEBBAA6051E48EF2A61D340F26BD:BC03AA51166774444C5270F279AC3A1B" latitude="41.57028" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="41.862778" name="Chikuneti" stateProvince="Adjara">Chikuneti</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="41" direction="north" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="13" value="41.57028">41°34'13"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="41" direction="east" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="46" value="41.862778">41°51'46"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2018-09-26">26.ix.2018</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M.V. Kozlov</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>V. Zverev</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus petraea subsp. polycarpa" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="petraea" subSpecies="polycarpa">Quercus petraea subsp. polycarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 17 mines, RMNH.INS.48093- RMNH.INS.48095
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-09-23" collectorName="M. V. Kozlov, V. Zverev" latitude="41.482502" location="Zeda Chkhutuneti" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="41.862778" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-larva="1" stateProvince="Adjara">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Georgia" name="Ajaria">Adjara</collectingRegion>
|
||
AR,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4380EEBBAA6051E48EF2A61D340F26BD:6205D29B9C8260A70C122F4019C9734F" latitude="41.482502" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="41.862778" name="Zeda Chkhutuneti" stateProvince="Adjara">Zeda Chkhutuneti</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="41" direction="north" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="57" value="41.482502">41°28'57"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="41" direction="east" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="46" value="41.862778">41°51'46"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2018-09-23">23.ix.2018</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>M.V. Kozlov</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>V. Zverev</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Castanea sativa" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Castanea sativa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="larva">1 larva</specimenCount>
|
||
RMNH.INS.31425 (barcoded), 5 mines, RMNH.INS.48128-48129 (RMNH)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="9" type="material examined for comparison">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="9">Material examined for comparison</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |