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<mods:title id="09FDF943AC39CA21CD12717BE4F5B874">Hershkovitzia (Diptera: Nycteribiidae): revision, phylogeny, and cophylogeny</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="355208F551019EE3BFC714C78C8D8683">Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Instituto de Biociência, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil ggraciolli @ yahoo. com. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1144 - 3486</mods:affiliation>
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<heading id="D83081EAB23DFF94CE84F90BFC85F930" bold="true" box="[151,839,1730,1757]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="379" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="44C74D05B23DFF94CE84F90BFC85F930" ID-CoL="6LRKP" authority="Guimaraes &amp; D'Andretta, 1956" authorityName="Guimaraes &amp; D'Andretta" authorityYear="1956" box="[151,839,1730,1757]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Hershkovitzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="379" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="primitiva">
<emphasis id="B1B3EA94B23DFF94CE84F90BFC85F930" bold="true" box="[151,839,1730,1757]" pageId="7" pageNumber="379">
<emphasis id="B1B3EA94B23DFF94CE84F90BFE71F930" bold="true" box="[151,435,1730,1757]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="379">Hershkovitzia primitiva</emphasis>
Guimarães &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="E7564B77B23DFF94CC7EF90BFC85F930" author="D'Andretta, M. A. V." box="[621,839,1730,1756]" pageId="7" pageNumber="379" pagination="127 - 138" refId="ref19442" refString="Guimar &quot; es, L. P. &amp; D'Andretta, M. A. V. (1956) Sinopse dos Nycteribiidae (Diptera) do Novo Mundo. Arquivos de Zoologia, 9, 127 - 138." type="journal article" year="1956">D’Andretta, 1956</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="83783686B23DFF94CE84F92FFEE5F8ED" blockId="7.[151,839,1730,1793]" box="[151,295,1766,1793]" pageId="7" pageNumber="379">
(
<figureCitation id="1BFC2A03B23DFF94CE8CF92FFEC6F8ED" box="[159,260,1766,1793]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="5.[151,250,1185,1209]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,250,1221,1245]" captionStartId-2="9.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[156,1430,190,1157]" captionTargetBox-1="[153,1413,195,1197]" captionTargetBox-2="[273,1315,183,1914]" captionTargetId-0="figure-25@5.[151,1436,181,1161]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@6.[151,1436,181,1197]" captionTargetId-2="figure-25@9.[253,1335,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="9" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Female of Hershkovitzia primitiva Guimar„es &amp; D’Andretta, 1956 (MZUSP 46.107), dorsal view. Morphological terminology indicated. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Female of Hershkovitzia primitiva Guimar„es &amp; D’Andretta, 1956 (MZUSP 46.107), ventral view. Morphological terminology indicated. Scale bar: 0.2 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Hershkovitzia primitiva Guimar„es &amp; D’Andretta, 1956 (MZUSP 46.107). A. Abdomen, female, dorsal view. B. Abdomen, female, ventral view. C. Abdomen, male, dorsal view. D. Abdomen, male, ventral view. E. Head, lateral view. F. Head, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A–D); 0.01 mm (E, F)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8390375" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8390379" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8390381" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8390375/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8390379/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/8390381/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="379">Figs 1–3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1BFC2A03B23DFF94CF03F92EFEDDF8ED" box="[272,287,1767,1793]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[194,1383,193,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-25@19.[194,1393,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 9. Geographic distribution of species of Hershkovitzia Guimar„es &amp; D’Andretta, 1956. Symbols: circle = H. primitiva Guimar„es &amp; D’Andretta, 1956; star = H. cabala = Peterson &amp; Lacey, 1985; triangle = H. inaequalis Theodor, 1967; rhombus = H. mariae Hrycyna, Santos, Rebêlo &amp; Graciolli, 2022; plus = Hershkovitzia autinoae sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8390394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8390394/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="379">9</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="83783686B23DFF9BCE84F8E2FE88FEA4" blockId="7.[151,1437,1835,2043]" lastBlockId="8.[199,1437,150,328]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="380" pageId="7" pageNumber="379">
<taxonomicName id="44C74D05B23DFF94CE84F8E2FE23F8AF" authority="Guimar" authorityName="Guimar" box="[151,481,1835,1859]" class="Insecta" family="Hippoboscidae" genus="Hershkovitzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="379" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="primitiva">
<emphasis id="B1B3EA94B23DFF94CE84F8E2FE4BF8AF" box="[151,393,1835,1859]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="379">Hershkovitzia primitiva</emphasis>
Guimar
</taxonomicName>
„es &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="E7564B77B23DFF94CC32F8E2FCCEF8AF" author="D'Andretta, M. A. V." box="[545,780,1835,1859]" pageId="7" pageNumber="379" pagination="127 - 138" refId="ref19442" refString="Guimar &quot; es, L. P. &amp; D'Andretta, M. A. V. (1956) Sinopse dos Nycteribiidae (Diptera) do Novo Mundo. Arquivos de Zoologia, 9, 127 - 138." type="journal article" year="1956">D’Andretta, 1956: 130</bibRefCitation>
, figs 213 (female head, ventral view), 214 (female head, dorsal view), 215 (male maxillary palp, ventral view), 216 (thecae and labella, ventral view), 217 (male thorax, dorsal view), 218 (male thorax, ventral view), 219 (lateral margin of male sternum), 220 (male leg I, anterior view), 221 (male leg II, anterior view), 222 (male leg III, anterior view), 223 (female abdomen, dorsal view), 224 (female abdomen, ventral view), 225 (female genital plate), 226 (male abdomen, dorsal view), 227 (male abdomen, ventral view), 228 (abdominal ctenidium spines, 229 (clasper, ventral view), 230 (female genital plate,
<typeStatus id="5C7C8824B23DFF94CDD6F80DFBE2F830" box="[965,1056,1988,2012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="379">paratype</typeStatus>
), 231 (male genitalia, frontal view), 232 (male genitalia, lateral view). References:
<bibRefCitation id="E7564B77B23DFF94CCA3F82AFC9BF817" author="Maa, T. C." box="[688,857,2019,2043]" pageId="7" pageNumber="379" pagination="377 - 386" refId="ref19950" refString="Maa, T. C. (1965) An interim world list of batflies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae and Streblidae). Journal of Medical Entomology, 1 (4), 377 - 386. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 1.4.377" type="journal article" year="1965">Maa (1965: 379</bibRefCitation>
, checklist);
<bibRefCitation id="E7564B77B23DFF94CDCBF82AFB6BF817" author="Theodor, O." box="[984,1193,2019,2043]" pageId="7" pageNumber="379" pagination="345 - 352" refId="ref22284" refString="Theodor, O. (1967) An illustrated catalogue of the Rothschild collection of Nycteribiidae (Diptera) in the British Museum (Natural History) with keys and short descriptions for the identifications of subfamilies, genera, species and subspecies. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 345 - 352." type="book chapter" year="1967">Theodor (1967: 345</bibRefCitation>
, diagnosis); Guimar„es (1968: 4, catalog);
<bibRefCitation id="E7564B77B232FF9BCF9CFF5EFDFAFF43" author="Wilson, D. E." box="[399,568,151,175]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref22822" refString="Wilson, D. E. (1978) Thyroptera discifera. Mammalian species, 104, 1 - 3. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3504064" type="journal article" year="1978">Wilson (1978: 2</bibRefCitation>
, citation);
<bibRefCitation id="E7564B77B232FF9BCCB9FF5EFC22FF42" author="Peterson, B. V. &amp; Lacey, L. A. A." box="[682,992,150,175]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380" pagination="578 - 582" refId="ref20971" refString="Peterson, B. V. &amp; Lacey, L. A. A. (1985) New species of Hershkovitzia (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) from Brazil, with a key to the described species of the genus. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 87 (3), 578 - 582." type="journal article" year="1985">Peterson &amp; Lacey (1985: 580</bibRefCitation>
, citation; 581, key to females; 582, key to males);
<bibRefCitation id="E7564B77B232FF9BCF08FF7CFE10FF21" author="Bartschi, D." box="[283,466,181,205]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380" refId="ref17571" refString="Bartschi, D. (2000) A study of the Chiroptera of Shipstern Nature Reserve and North-Eastern Belize (Central America) together with their ectoparasites (Streblidae, Nycterophiliinae, Acari) and endoparasites (Cestoda, Nematoda, Trematoda, Acanthocephala). An Occasional Publication of the International Tropical Conservation Foundation, 16 pp." type="book" year="2000">Bärtschi (2000: 6</bibRefCitation>
, citation);
<bibRefCitation id="E7564B77B232FF9BCC56FF7CFCD9FF21" author="Graciolli, G." box="[581,795,181,205]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380" pagination="307 - 322" refId="ref18816" refString="Graciolli, G. (2001) Distribuic &quot; o geografica e hospedeiros quiropteros (Mammalia, Chiroptera) de moscas nicteribidas americanas (Diptera, Nycteribiidae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 18, 307 - 322. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81752001000500026" type="journal article" year="2001">Graciolli (2001: 319</bibRefCitation>
, checklist; 320, distribution);
<bibRefCitation id="E7564B77B232FF9BCA45FF7CFA5AFF21" author="Graciolli, G. &amp; Bernard, E." box="[1110,1432,181,205]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380" pagination="77 - 86" refId="ref19057" refString="Graciolli, G. &amp; Bernard, E. (2002) Novos registros de moscas ectoparasitas (Diptera, Streblidae e Nycteribiidae) em morcegos (Mammalia, Chiroptera) do Amazonas e Para, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 19, 77 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81752002000500003" type="journal article" year="2002">Graciolli &amp; Bernard (2002: 84</bibRefCitation>
, host);
<bibRefCitation id="E7564B77B232FF9BCF14FF1DFDD3FF00" author="Graciolli, G. &amp; Autino, A. G. &amp; Claps, G. L." box="[263,529,212,236]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380" pagination="142 - 159" refId="ref18999" refString="Graciolli, G., Autino, A. G. &amp; Claps, G. L. (2007) Catalogue of American Nycteribiidae (Diptera, Hippoboscoidea). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 51 (2), 142 - 159. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0085 - 56262007000200004" type="journal article" year="2007">
Graciolli
<emphasis id="B1B3EA94B232FF9BCF74FF1CFE56FF00" box="[359,404,212,236]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">et al</emphasis>
. (2007: 155
</bibRefCitation>
, catalog);
<bibRefCitation id="E7564B77B232FF9BCC69FF1DFC9AFF00" author="Graciolli, G." box="[634,856,212,236]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380" refId="ref18914" refString="Graciolli, G. (2010) Nycteribiidae (bat flies, spider bat flies). In: Brown, B. V., Borkent, A., Cumming, J. M., Wood, D. M., Wood, N. E. &amp; Zumbado, M. A. (Eds.), Manual of Central American Diptera. Vol. 2. NRC Research Press, Ottawa, pp. 1261 - 1266." type="book" year="2010">Graciolli (2010: 1263</bibRefCitation>
, thorax, dorsal view; female abdomen, dorsal and ventral views; male abdomen, ventral view);
<bibRefCitation id="E7564B77B232FF9BCC54FF3AFCBFFEE6" author="Benedito, M. C. &amp; Cunha, W. L." box="[583,893,242,267]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380" pagination="165 - 170" refId="ref17737" refString="Benedito, M. C. &amp; Cunha, W. L. (2013) Diversidade de ectoparasitas em chiropteros no Campus da Faculdade de Apucarana (FAP). Iniciacao Cientifica CESUMAR, 15 (2), 165 - 170." type="journal article" year="2013">
Benedito &amp;
<collectingCountry id="FBD07616B232FF9BCCD7FF3AFCC4FEE7" box="[708,774,243,267]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">Cunha</collectingCountry>
(2013: 166
</bibRefCitation>
, citation);
<bibRefCitation id="E7564B77B232FF9BCDF8FF3AFB1AFEE7" author="Frank, R. &amp; Schulze, J. &amp; Liston, A. &amp; Klimpel, S." box="[1003,1240,243,267]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380" refId="ref18625" refString="Frank, R., M ¸ nster, J., Schulze, J., Liston, A. &amp; Klimpel, S. (2014) Macroparasites of Microchiroptera: bat ectoparasites of Central and South America. In: Klimpel, S. &amp; Mehlhorn, H. (Eds.), Bats (Chiroptera) as vectors of diseases and parasites. Facts and myths. Vol. 5. Springer-Verlag, Berlin / Heidelberg, pp. 131 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 642 - 39333 - 4 _ 5" type="book" year="2014">
Frank
<emphasis id="B1B3EA94B232FF9BCA3EFF3AFB98FEE7" box="[1069,1114,243,267]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">et al</emphasis>
. (2014: 120
</bibRefCitation>
, catalog);
<bibRefCitation id="E7564B77B232FF9BCB51FF3AFEB1FEC5" author="Graciolli, G. &amp; Dick, C. W. &amp; Guerrero, R." pageId="8" pageNumber="380" pagination="780 - 783" refId="ref19233" refString="Graciolli, G., Dick, C. W. &amp; Guerrero, R. (2016) Family Nycteribiidae. Zootaxa, 4122 (1), 780 - 783. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4122.1.66" type="journal article" year="2016">
Graciolli
<emphasis id="B1B3EA94B232FF9BCED4FEDBFF37FEC5" box="[199,245,273,297]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">et al</emphasis>
. (2016: 782
</bibRefCitation>
, catalog);
<bibRefCitation id="E7564B77B232FF9BCFCDFEDBFD0CFEC5" author="Hrycyna, G. &amp; Santos, C. L. C. &amp; Rebelo, J. M. M. &amp; Graciolli, G." box="[478,718,273,298]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref19482" refString="Hrycyna, G., Santos, C. L. C., Rebelo, J. M. M. &amp; Graciolli, G. (2022) A new species of Hershkovitzia (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) from Maranh &quot; o, Brazil. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 94 (1), 1 - 7. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 0001 - 3765202120191161" type="journal article" year="2022">
Hrycyna
<emphasis id="B1B3EA94B232FF9BCC2EFEDBFDA8FEC5" box="[573,618,273,297]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">et al</emphasis>
. (2022: 1
</bibRefCitation>
, citation; 4, key to females; 5, key to males);
<bibRefCitation id="E7564B77B232FF9BCAB5FED8FF17FEA4" author="Graciolli, G. &amp; Dick, C." pageId="8" pageNumber="380" refId="ref19119" refString="Graciolli, G. &amp; Dick, C. (2023) Checklist of World Nycteribiidae (Diptera: Hippoboscoidea). Available from: https: // www. researchgate. net / publication / 322579074 _ CHECKLIST _ OF _ WORLD _ NYCTERIBIIDAE _ DIPTERA _ HIPPOBOSCOIDEA (accessed 1 September 2023)" type="url" year="2023">Graciolli &amp; Dick (2023: 6</bibRefCitation>
, checklist).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CBDD650DB232FF9BCE84FEBFFE31FDCC" pageId="8" pageNumber="380" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="83783686B232FF9BCE84FEBFFE31FDCC" blockId="8.[151,1437,374,1768]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">
<emphasis id="B1B3EA94B232FF9BCE84FEBFFED0FE7C" bold="true" box="[151,274,374,400]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Eyes with a pair of associated setae located anteriorly. Gena with three setae. Postgena with three short setae. Palps dilated at their extremity, with 4–5 setae throughout their length and three setae at apex. Dorsal region of thorax with three setae: two located anteriorly at the notopleural suture, one located posteriorly on notopleural suture. Female with tergite 6 divided into two plates and sternites 3, 4, 5, and 6 divided into two plates. Male with all tergites and sternites whole.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CBDD650DB232FF9BCED4FDE3FAF2FA48" pageId="8" pageNumber="380" type="description">
<paragraph id="83783686B232FF9BCED4FDE3FAABFD60" blockId="8.[151,1437,374,1768]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">
<emphasis id="B1B3EA94B232FF9BCED4FDE3FEB7FDA8" bold="true" box="[199,373,554,580]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">Redescription.</emphasis>
Head. Dorsal view: eyes with a single lens and a pair of setae located anterior to them. Lateral view: gena and postgena with three setae each. Ventral view: palps dilated at their extremity, with 4–5 setae throughout their length and three setae at the apex. Thecae as wide as long, more than twice as long as labella.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="83783686B232FF9BCED4FD5FFDE6FC18" blockId="8.[151,1437,374,1768]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">Thorax. Dorsal view: notopleural suture with three setae. Thoracic ctenidium with 12–14 spines. Thoracic spiracle pyriform. Ventral view: sternal plate with setae throughout its length; oblique suture right-angled. Coxa I longer than wide, conical, tapered proximally and with setae only in anterior region. Femur I longer than wide, laterally compressed, with setae throughout length and with one or two long setae in postero-distal region. Tibia I wider than long, laterally compressed, elliptical, with setae throughout its length. Posterior margin with four rows of setae in apical portion. Basitarsus of same size as next three tarsomeres. Coxa II longer than wide, with rare setae on distal margin. Femora II and III longer than wide, rectangular and with few setae throughout their length. Tibia II longer than wide, conical, tapering distally, posterior margin with two rows of setae on median portion. Coxa III as wide as long, triangular, with rare setae throughout its length. Tibia III longer than wide, posterior margin with five rows of setae in apical portion.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="83783686B232FF9BCED4FC37FAF2FA48" blockId="8.[151,1437,374,1768]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">
Abdomen.
<emphasis id="B1B3EA94B232FF9BCF57FC37FE5AFBF4" box="[324,408,1022,1048]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">Female</emphasis>
. Tergites and sternites with few setae throughout their length. Distal margin of plates with a row of setae longer than the others and of different lengths. Dorsal view—Syntergite 1+2 and tergites 3 to 5 whole. Tergite 6 divided into two plates. Tergite 7 whole and short with a straight posterior margin and about 15 setae. Ventral view—Sternite 1+2 whole, short, rectangular. Ctenidium dense, with 52 to 57 spines, occupying entire posterior margin of sternite 1+2. Sternites 3 to 6 divided. Sternite 7 short, with rounded lateral margin and straight posterior margin with about 15 setae.
<emphasis id="B1B3EA94B232FF9BCC5EFB7BFD45FB20" box="[589,647,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">Male</emphasis>
. Tergites and sternites with few setae throughout their length. Distal margin of plates with a row of setae of different lengths. Dorsal view—Syntergite 1+2 whole and triangular. Tergites 3 to 5 whole, rectangular. Tergite 5 with two setae longer than the others on posterior margin of plate. Tergite 6 short, with six setae longer than the others at posterior margin. Anal plate with microtrichia throughout its length and setae only on posterior margin. Ventral view—Sternite 1+2 whole, with ctenidium of approximately 48 spines across posterior margin. Sternites 3 and 4 whole, rectangular. Sternite 5 with concave median distal margin and rounded lateral margin. Distal margin of sternite 5 with three short setae and more sclerotized than other sternites.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CBDD650DB232FF9BCED4FA67FCC4F9B4" pageId="8" pageNumber="380" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="83783686B232FF9BCED4FA67FCB4FA25" blockId="8.[151,1437,374,1768]" box="[199,886,1454,1481]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">
<emphasis id="B1B3EA94B232FF9BCED4FA67FE80FA24" bold="true" box="[199,322,1454,1480]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">
<typeStatus id="5C7C8824B232FF9BCED4FA67FEC0FA24" box="[199,258,1454,1480]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">Type</typeStatus>
host.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="44C74D05B232FF9BCF5AFA67FCB3FA25" authority="Lichtenstein &amp; Peters, 1855" authorityName="Lichtenstein &amp; Peters" authorityYear="1855" box="[329,881,1454,1481]" class="Mammalia" family="Thyropteridae" genus="Thyroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="380" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="discifera">
<emphasis id="B1B3EA94B232FF9BCF5AFA67FDEDFA24" box="[329,559,1454,1480]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">Thyroptera discifera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E7564B77B232FF9BCC25FA67FCB3FA25" author="Lichtenstein, H. &amp; Peters, W." box="[566,881,1454,1481]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380" pagination="89 - 95" refId="ref19846" refString="Lichtenstein, H. &amp; Peters, W. (1855) Abhandlungen der K ˆ niglichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin. Realschul- Buchhandlung, Berlin, pp. 89 - 95." type="book chapter" year="1855">Lichtenstein &amp; Peters, 1855</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="83783686B232FF9BCED4FA1BFCE7FA00" blockId="8.[151,1437,374,1768]" box="[199,805,1490,1516]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">
<materialsCitation id="33AF3CDBB232FF9BCED4FA1BFCE3FA00" box="[199,801,1490,1516]" country="Colombia" county="Socorre" location="Bolivar" municipality="Sinu river" pageId="8" pageNumber="380" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B1B3EA94B232FF9BCED4FA1BFEA4FA00" bold="true" box="[199,358,1490,1516]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">
<typeStatus id="5C7C8824B232FF9BCED4FA1BFEC0FA00" box="[199,258,1490,1516]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="FBD07616B232FF9BCF7FFA1BFE1FFA00" box="[364,477,1490,1516]" name="Colombia" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">Colombia</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="8618605DB232FF9BCFFAFA1BFDFDFA00" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0B6E8790B23DFF9BCE84F90BFF1AF904:8618605DB232FF9BCFFAFA1BFDFDFA00" box="[489,575,1490,1516]" country="Colombia" county="Socorre" municipality="Sinu river" name="Bolivar" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">Bolivar</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="631CACFCB232FF9BCC59FA1BFD79FA00" box="[586,699,1490,1516]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">Sinú river</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="6A194E0AB232FF9BCCD5FA1BFCE3FA00" box="[710,801,1490,1516]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">Socorré</collectingCounty>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="83783686B232FF9BCED4FA3FFCF6F9FC" blockId="8.[151,1437,374,1768]" box="[199,820,1526,1552]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">
<emphasis id="B1B3EA94B232FF9BCED4FA3FFE2DF9FC" bold="true" box="[199,495,1526,1552]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">Geographic distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="FBD07616B232FF9BCFE5FA3FFDA6F9FC" box="[502,612,1526,1552]" name="Colombia" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">Colombia</collectingCountry>
(Bolivar) (
<figureCitation id="1BFC2A03B232FF9BCCF2FA3FFCE4F9FC" box="[737,806,1526,1552]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[194,1383,193,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-25@19.[194,1393,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 9. Geographic distribution of species of Hershkovitzia Guimar„es &amp; D’Andretta, 1956. Symbols: circle = H. primitiva Guimar„es &amp; D’Andretta, 1956; star = H. cabala = Peterson &amp; Lacey, 1985; triangle = H. inaequalis Theodor, 1967; rhombus = H. mariae Hrycyna, Santos, Rebêlo &amp; Graciolli, 2022; plus = Hershkovitzia autinoae sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8390394" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8390394/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="83783686B232FF9BCED4F9D3FCC4F9B4" blockId="8.[151,1437,374,1768]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">
<emphasis id="B1B3EA94B232FF9BCED4F9D3FE30F9D8" bold="true" box="[199,498,1562,1588]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">Type material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="33AF3CDBB232FF9BCFE8F9D3FCC4F9B4" collectingDate="1949-03-03" collectionCode="MZUSP" collectorName="P. Hershkovitz" country="Colombia" county="Socorre" location="Bolivar" municipality="Sinu river" pageId="8" pageNumber="380" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="95C1FD0FB232FF9BCFE8F9D3FDE4F9D9" box="[507,550,1562,1589]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
and 1 ♁ [
<typeStatus id="5C7C8824B232FF9BCC89F9D2FCCCF9D9" box="[666,782,1563,1589]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">paratypes</typeStatus>
],
<collectionCode id="E5D6AE43B232FF9BCD32F9D3FCBCF9D8" box="[801,894,1562,1588]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">MZUSP</collectionCode>
, nº46.107, host
<taxonomicName id="44C74D05B232FF9BCA25F9D2FB77F9D8" authorityName="Lichtenstein &amp; Peters" authorityYear="1855" box="[1078,1205,1562,1588]" class="Mammalia" family="Thyropteridae" genus="Thyroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="380" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="discifera">
<emphasis id="B1B3EA94B232FF9BCA25F9D2FB77F9D8" box="[1078,1205,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">T. discifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<collectingCountry id="FBD07616B232FF9BCAD7F9D3FAF4F9D8" box="[1220,1334,1562,1588]" name="Colombia" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">Colombia</collectingCountry>
.
<location id="8618605DB232FF9BCB51F9D3FA5AF9D8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0B6E8790B23DFF9BCE84F90BFF1AF904:8618605DB232FF9BCB51F9D3FA5AF9D8" box="[1346,1432,1562,1588]" country="Colombia" county="Socorre" municipality="Sinu river" name="Bolivar" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">Bolivar</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="631CACFCB232FF9BCE84F9F7FECBF9B4" box="[151,265,1598,1624]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">Sinú river</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="6A194E0AB232FF9BCF00F9F7FEAFF9B4" box="[275,365,1598,1624]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">Socorré</collectingCounty>
,
<date id="F7791046B232FF9BCF6BF9F7FDDDF9B4" box="[376,543,1598,1624]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380" value="1949-03-03">
<collectingDate id="E73DE9AEB232FF9BCF6BF9F7FDDDF9B4" box="[376,543,1598,1624]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380" value="1949-03-03">March 3, 1949</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="2E325350B232FF9BCC39F9F6FD0CF9B4" box="[554,718,1598,1625]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">P. Hershkovitz</collectorName>
coll.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CBDD650DB232FF9BCED4F9ABFF1AF904" pageId="8" pageNumber="380" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="83783686B232FF9BCED4F9ABFF1AF904" blockId="8.[151,1437,374,1768]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">
<emphasis id="B1B3EA94B232FF9BCED4F9ABFEF9F990" bold="true" box="[199,315,1634,1660]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380">Remarks.</emphasis>
In their description of the species, Guimar„es &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="E7564B77B232FF9BCD6EF9ABFB93F991" author="D'Andretta, M. A. V." box="[893,1105,1634,1661]" pageId="8" pageNumber="380" pagination="127 - 138" refId="ref19442" refString="Guimar &quot; es, L. P. &amp; D'Andretta, M. A. V. (1956) Sinopse dos Nycteribiidae (Diptera) do Novo Mundo. Arquivos de Zoologia, 9, 127 - 138." type="journal article" year="1956">D’Andretta (1956)</bibRefCitation>
reported the presence of six tergites. They disregarded the presence of a syntergite owing to the presence of two spiracles associated with the first tergite plate. For this reason, the terminology of the ventral and dorsal plates was modified in the present work.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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