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<document id="075736F7060710557A992E323E2D6468" ID-CLB-Dataset="27805" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4571.4.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="89217b4b-720f-409c-9b30-69c6b7332391" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2614189" ID-ZooBank="62AE5784-A6E5-479B-835A-32B5F9828FC3" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553781923313" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Nogueira, João Miguel De Matos, Ribeiro, William M. G., Carrerette, Orlemir &amp; Hutchings, Pat" docDate="2019" docId="9111C272A0663D12DAB2FF5F4CF1FEE1" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4571.4.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4571 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Amphictene catharinensis" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="495" masterDocId="6D28BA0AA0653D14DA25FFC84D72FFA2" masterDocTitle="Pectinariidae (Annelida, Terebelliformia) from off southeastern Brazil, southwestern Atlantic" masterLastPageNumber="509" masterPageNumber="489" pageNumber="492" updateTime="1698714736846" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="FB13010FD4F632D9D2F3957782C66EC7">Pectinariidae (Annelida, Terebelliformia) from off southeastern Brazil, southwestern Atlantic</mods:title>
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<treatment id="9111C272A0663D12DAB2FF5F4CF1FEE1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5922714" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154520644" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5922714" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9111C272A0663D12DAB2FF5F4CF1FEE1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9111C272A0663D12DAB2FF5F4CF1FEE1" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="495" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">
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<paragraph id="19077364A0663D17DAB2FF5F4FF5FF10" blockId="3.[151,647,151,211]" box="[151,647,151,178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">
<heading id="424FC408A0663D17DAB2FF5F4FF5FF10" bold="true" box="[151,647,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="DEB808E7A0663D17DAB2FF5F4FF5FF10" ID-CoL="D28B" authority="(Grube, 1870)" baseAuthorityName="Grube" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[151,647,151,178]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pectinariidae" genus="Amphictene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="catharinensis">
<emphasis id="2BCCAF76A0663D17DAB2FF5F4FF5FF10" bold="true" box="[151,647,151,178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="2BCCAF76A0663D17DAB2FF5F4CA0FF13" bold="true" box="[151,466,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Amphictene catharinensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7D290E95A0663D17DBC4FF504F0DFF10" author="Grube, A. E." box="[481,639,152,178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" pagination="68 - 84" refId="ref8804" refString="Grube, A. E. (1870) Bemerkungen ueber die Amphicteneen und Amphareteen Mgn. Schles. gesellschaft fur vaterlandische cultur Breslau Jahresber, 48, 68 - 84." type="journal article" year="1870">Grube, 1870</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="51A220EFA0663D17DAB2FF724C79FF71" box="[151,267,186,211]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" type="description">
<paragraph id="19077364A0663D17DAB2FF724C79FF71" blockId="3.[151,647,151,211]" box="[151,267,186,211]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">
(
<figureCitation id="81836FE1A0663D17DABAFF724C73FF71" box="[159,257,186,211]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="4.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,249,1957,1979]" captionTargetBox-0="[209,1383,200,1867]" captionTargetBox-1="[152,1435,203,1930]" captionTargetId-0="figure@4.[202,1387,195,1871]" captionTargetId-1="figure@5.[152,1435,203,1936]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Amphictene catharinensis (spec. IG-182), (A). Anterior end, dorsal view; (BD). Anterior end, right and left lateral and dorsal views, respectively, arrows in (B) and (C) point to first notopodium; (E, G). Anterior end, ventral views, under different magnifications; (F, H, I). Scaphe, ventral, dorsal and right ventro-lateral views, respectively, arrows in (F) and (H) point to anal cirrus, in (I), to anal flaps. Numbers refer to segments, tc1 and tc2 = tentacular cirri of segments 1 and 2, respectively." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Amphictene catharinensis (spec. IG-182), (AB). Paleae; (C, D). Notochaetae from anterior (a) and posterior (b) rows; (E). Notochaeta from anterior row; (F). Notochaeta from posterior row; (GI). Uncini; (J). Scaphal hooks." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/2614191/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/2614193/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Figs 12</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="19077364A0663D17DAB2FECB49AFFEBA" blockId="3.[151,1245,258,280]" box="[151,1245,258,280]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="39A8544AA0663D17DAB2FECB49AFFEBA" box="[151,1245,258,280]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="2BCCAF76A0663D17DAB2FECB4F54FEBA" box="[151,550,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">
<taxonomicName id="DEB808E7A0663D17DAB2FECB4F51FEBA" ID-CoL="767KM" authorityName="Grube" authorityYear="1870" box="[151,547,258,280]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pectinariidae" genus="Pectinaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="catharinensis" subGenus="Amphictene">Pectinaria (Amphictene) catharinensis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="98195575A0663D17D809FECA4FABFEBA" author="Nilsson, D." box="[556,729,258,280]" page="43" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" year="1928">
<bibRefCitation id="7D290E95A0663D17D809FECA4FC7FEBA" author="Nilsson, D." box="[556,693,258,280]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref9489" refString="Nilsson, D. (1928) Neue und alte Amphicteniden. Goteborgs Kunge. Vetenskaps- och Vitterhets Samhalles Handlingar, Series 4, 33, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1928">Nilsson 1928</bibRefCitation>
: 43
</treatmentCitation>
46, fig. 13;
<treatmentCitation id="98195575A0663D17D97EFECB4960FEBA" author="Nonato, E. F." box="[859,1042,258,280]" page="196" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" year="1981">
<bibRefCitation id="7D290E95A0663D17D97EFECB4E93FEBA" author="Nonato, E. F." box="[859,993,258,280]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" refId="ref9642" refString="Nonato, E. F. (1981) Contribuicao ao Conhecimento dos Anelideos Poliquetas Bentonicos da Plataforma Continental Brasileira, Entre Cabo Frio e o Arroio Chui. Livre-Docencia Thesis, Instituto Oceanografico, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 246 pp." type="book" year="1981">Nonato 1981</bibRefCitation>
: 196
</treatmentCitation>
197, figs 210213.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="51A220EFA0663D17DAB2FE8D4E03FE6F" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="19077364A0663D17DAB2FE8D4E37FE27" blockId="3.[151,1437,325,2009]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="2BCCAF76A0663D17DAB2FE8D4CF0FEFC" bold="true" box="[151,386,325,350]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Material examined.</emphasis>
ColBIO IG182: 1 spec., in relatively poor state of preservation; coll.
<collectingCountry id="61AF33F4A0663D17DE97FE8D49ACFEFC" box="[1202,1246,325,350]" name="Iceland" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Ilha</collectingCountry>
<materialsCitation id="A9D07939A0663D17DEC3FE8D4E33FE27" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2106853537" country="Brazil" latitude="-23.032223" location="Rio de Janeiro" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-43.95028" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">
Grande, state of
<collectingRegion id="DB7CBD86A0663D17DAB2FEA44C4EFE27" box="[151,316,364,389]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
,
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23
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0156”S
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="7C8C15A3A0663D17DBEBFEA44F28FE27" box="[462,602,360,389]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" precision="15" value="-43.95028">
43
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5701”W
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, southeastern
<collectingCountry id="61AF33F4A0663D17D8DCFEA44E33FE27" box="[761,833,364,389]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Brazil</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="19077364A0663D17DAE2FE584E03FE6F" blockId="3.[151,1437,325,2009]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="2BCCAF76A0663D17DAE2FE584F17FE0B" bold="true" box="[199,613,400,425]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Comparative material examined.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DEB808E7A0663D17D853FE58494AFE0B" authority="(Muller, 1776)" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[630,1080,400,425]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pectinariidae" genus="Amphictene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="auricoma">
<emphasis id="2BCCAF76A0663D17D853FE584E05FE0A" box="[630,887,400,424]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Amphictene auricoma</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7D290E95A0663D17D9AAFE584942FE0B" author="Muller, O. F." box="[911,1072,400,425]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" pagination="1 - 274" refId="ref9451" refString="Muller, O. F. (1776) Zoologicae Danicae Prodromus, seu Animalium Daniae et Norvegiae indigenarum characteres, nomina et synonyma imprimis popularium. Typiis Hallageriis, Copenhagen, pp. 1 - 274." type="book chapter" year="1776">Müller, 1776</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, NRM104076: coll.
<collectingCountry id="61AF33F4A0663D17DF19FE5848EAFE0B" box="[1340,1432,400,425]" name="Sweden" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Sweden</collectingCountry>
, Bohuslän, Kristineberg, 1 spec. in excellent state of preservation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="51A220EFA0663D17DAE2FE104F14F833" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" type="description">
<paragraph id="19077364A0663D17DAE2FE104CF9FB46" blockId="3.[151,1437,325,2009]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="2BCCAF76A0663D17DAE2FE104C2BFE53" bold="true" box="[199,345,472,497]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Description.</emphasis>
Tube not studied, single specimen examined already extracted from its tube, which was not retained. Conical body,
<quantity id="DE40DE81A0663D17DB8FFE344C8EFDB6" box="[426,508,508,533]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
long, 2.5 mm wide, pale cream in color. Operculum with low marginal lobe all around, with 11 irregularly spaced triangular cirri (
<figureCitation id="81836FE1A0663D17D8F8FDE84E6FFD9A" box="[733,797,544,569]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[209,1383,200,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[202,1387,195,1871]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Amphictene catharinensis (spec. IG-182), (A). Anterior end, dorsal view; (BD). Anterior end, right and left lateral and dorsal views, respectively, arrows in (B) and (C) point to first notopodium; (E, G). Anterior end, ventral views, under different magnifications; (F, H, I). Scaphe, ventral, dorsal and right ventro-lateral views, respectively, arrows in (F) and (H) point to anal cirrus, in (I), to anal flaps. Numbers refer to segments, tc1 and tc2 = tentacular cirri of segments 1 and 2, respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614191/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
BD); 9 pairs of long golden paleae distally tapering to fine tips, slightly curved dorsalwards (
<figureCitation id="81836FE1A0663D17D861FD8C4FF4FDFE" box="[580,646,580,605]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[209,1383,200,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[202,1387,195,1871]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Amphictene catharinensis (spec. IG-182), (A). Anterior end, dorsal view; (BD). Anterior end, right and left lateral and dorsal views, respectively, arrows in (B) and (C) point to first notopodium; (E, G). Anterior end, ventral views, under different magnifications; (F, H, I). Scaphe, ventral, dorsal and right ventro-lateral views, respectively, arrows in (F) and (H) point to anal cirrus, in (I), to anal flaps. Numbers refer to segments, tc1 and tc2 = tentacular cirri of segments 1 and 2, respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614191/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Figs 1</figureCitation>
BE; 2A, B). Cephalic veil completely free from operculum, with few short, distally blunt buccal tentacles at base; distal margin of cephalic veil with 18 slender cirri of two sizes, alternating long and short cirri (
<figureCitation id="81836FE1A0663D17DBDBFD444FCEFD06" box="[510,700,652,677]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[209,1383,200,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[202,1387,195,1871]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Amphictene catharinensis (spec. IG-182), (A). Anterior end, dorsal view; (BD). Anterior end, right and left lateral and dorsal views, respectively, arrows in (B) and (C) point to first notopodium; (E, G). Anterior end, ventral views, under different magnifications; (F, H, I). Scaphe, ventral, dorsal and right ventro-lateral views, respectively, arrows in (F) and (H) point to anal cirrus, in (I), to anal flaps. Numbers refer to segments, tc1 and tc2 = tentacular cirri of segments 1 and 2, respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614191/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Fig. 1B, C, E, G</figureCitation>
). Tentacular cirri of segments 1 and 2 of similar length, both thin and elongate, distally blunt; tentacular cirri of segment 1 dorsally aligned to those of segment 2 (
<figureCitation id="81836FE1A0663D17DF3DFD784828FD6A" box="[1304,1370,688,713]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[209,1383,200,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[202,1387,195,1871]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Amphictene catharinensis (spec. IG-182), (A). Anterior end, dorsal view; (BD). Anterior end, right and left lateral and dorsal views, respectively, arrows in (B) and (C) point to first notopodium; (E, G). Anterior end, ventral views, under different magnifications; (F, H, I). Scaphe, ventral, dorsal and right ventro-lateral views, respectively, arrows in (F) and (H) point to anal cirrus, in (I), to anal flaps. Numbers refer to segments, tc1 and tc2 = tentacular cirri of segments 1 and 2, respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614191/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
AD, G). Segments 26 distinctly raised ventrally, as ventral crests; first crest on segment 2, with 7 pairs of marginal cirri distributed continuously along crest; crest of segment 4 with large triangular, distally rounded lobe medially, and 2 shorter lobes of similar shape at each side (
<figureCitation id="81836FE1A0663D17D8A9FCD44FB9FC96" box="[652,715,796,821]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[209,1383,200,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[202,1387,195,1871]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Amphictene catharinensis (spec. IG-182), (A). Anterior end, dorsal view; (BD). Anterior end, right and left lateral and dorsal views, respectively, arrows in (B) and (C) point to first notopodium; (E, G). Anterior end, ventral views, under different magnifications; (F, H, I). Scaphe, ventral, dorsal and right ventro-lateral views, respectively, arrows in (F) and (H) point to anal cirrus, in (I), to anal flaps. Numbers refer to segments, tc1 and tc2 = tentacular cirri of segments 1 and 2, respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614191/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
AC, E, G). Two pairs of small pectinate stalked branchiae on segments 3 and 4, each pair consisting of smooth rectangular lamellae longer than wide, first pair larger, inserted dorso-laterally, second pair inserted laterally (
<figureCitation id="81836FE1A0663D17D88FFCAC4F99FCDE" box="[682,747,868,893]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[209,1383,200,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[202,1387,195,1871]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Amphictene catharinensis (spec. IG-182), (A). Anterior end, dorsal view; (BD). Anterior end, right and left lateral and dorsal views, respectively, arrows in (B) and (C) point to first notopodium; (E, G). Anterior end, ventral views, under different magnifications; (F, H, I). Scaphe, ventral, dorsal and right ventro-lateral views, respectively, arrows in (F) and (H) point to anal cirrus, in (I), to anal flaps. Numbers refer to segments, tc1 and tc2 = tentacular cirri of segments 1 and 2, respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614191/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
AE, G). Notopodia beginning on segment 5 (
<figureCitation id="81836FE1A0663D17DF2AFCAC48FCFCDE" box="[1295,1422,868,893]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[209,1383,200,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[202,1387,195,1871]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Amphictene catharinensis (spec. IG-182), (A). Anterior end, dorsal view; (BD). Anterior end, right and left lateral and dorsal views, respectively, arrows in (B) and (C) point to first notopodium; (E, G). Anterior end, ventral views, under different magnifications; (F, H, I). Scaphe, ventral, dorsal and right ventro-lateral views, respectively, arrows in (F) and (H) point to anal cirrus, in (I), to anal flaps. Numbers refer to segments, tc1 and tc2 = tentacular cirri of segments 1 and 2, respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614191/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Fig. 1B, C</figureCitation>
), extending until segment 20; neuropodia beginning on segment 8, extending until segment 20; single achaetous segment at base of scaphe. Notochaetae of two
<typeStatus id="C603CDC6A0663D17D8EDFC654E74FC67" box="[712,774,941,965]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">types</typeStatus>
, those of anterior row with narrow limbation from base, terminating with finely serrated alimbate blade, indented shortly after base of blade (
<figureCitation id="81836FE1A0663D17DEA8FC1849A7FC4A" box="[1165,1237,976,1001]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,249,1957,1979]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,203,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[152,1435,203,1936]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Amphictene catharinensis (spec. IG-182), (AB). Paleae; (C, D). Notochaetae from anterior (a) and posterior (b) rows; (E). Notochaeta from anterior row; (F). Notochaeta from posterior row; (GI). Uncini; (J). Scaphal hooks." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614193/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
CE); chaetae of posterior row narrowly-winged from base to tip (
<figureCitation id="81836FE1A0663D17D8C9FC3C4EEBFBAE" box="[748,921,1012,1037]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,249,1957,1979]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,203,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[152,1435,203,1936]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Amphictene catharinensis (spec. IG-182), (AB). Paleae; (C, D). Notochaetae from anterior (a) and posterior (b) rows; (E). Notochaeta from anterior row; (F). Notochaeta from posterior row; (GI). Uncini; (J). Scaphal hooks." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614193/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Fig. 2C, D, F</figureCitation>
). Neurochaetae as pectinate uncini, with 2 longitudinal rows of ~8 teeth of similar size, stout handle directed posteriorly, about as long as crest, and rounded basal peg (
<figureCitation id="81836FE1A0663D17DB36FBF44C25FBF6" box="[275,343,1084,1109]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,249,1957,1979]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,203,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[152,1435,203,1936]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Amphictene catharinensis (spec. IG-182), (AB). Paleae; (C, D). Notochaetae from anterior (a) and posterior (b) rows; (E). Notochaeta from anterior row; (F). Notochaeta from posterior row; (GI). Uncini; (J). Scaphal hooks." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614193/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
GI). Scaphe clearly separated from abdominal segments by constriction at segment 21; scaphe oval in shape, flattened and arched ventrally, lateral margins with 6 pairs of lamellae, anal flaps broader than long, with numerous papillae along edges, and short anal cirrus in-between (
<figureCitation id="81836FE1A0663D17D9ECFB4C492FFB3E" box="[969,1117,1156,1181]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[209,1383,200,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[202,1387,195,1871]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Amphictene catharinensis (spec. IG-182), (A). Anterior end, dorsal view; (BD). Anterior end, right and left lateral and dorsal views, respectively, arrows in (B) and (C) point to first notopodium; (E, G). Anterior end, ventral views, under different magnifications; (F, H, I). Scaphe, ventral, dorsal and right ventro-lateral views, respectively, arrows in (F) and (H) point to anal cirrus, in (I), to anal flaps. Numbers refer to segments, tc1 and tc2 = tentacular cirri of segments 1 and 2, respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614191/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Fig. 1F, H, I</figureCitation>
); 13 pairs of brown, dorsolateral scaphal hooks distally pointed and sigmoid, slightly hooked, progressively stouter and longer along torus dorsalwards (
<figureCitation id="81836FE1A0663D17DB08FB044C0CFB46" box="[301,382,1228,1253]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,249,1957,1979]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,203,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[152,1435,203,1936]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Amphictene catharinensis (spec. IG-182), (AB). Paleae; (C, D). Notochaetae from anterior (a) and posterior (b) rows; (E). Notochaeta from anterior row; (F). Notochaeta from posterior row; (GI). Uncini; (J). Scaphal hooks." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614193/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Fig. 2J</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="19077364A0663D17DAE2FB384E38FAD7" blockId="3.[151,1437,325,2009]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="2BCCAF76A0663D17DAE2FB384C4DFAAB" bold="true" box="[199,319,1264,1289]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Variation.</emphasis>
According to
<bibRefCitation id="7D290E95A0663D17DBCEFB384FE5FAAA" author="Nilsson, D." box="[491,663,1264,1289]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref9489" refString="Nilsson, D. (1928) Neue und alte Amphicteniden. Goteborgs Kunge. Vetenskaps- och Vitterhets Samhalles Handlingar, Series 4, 33, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1928">Nilsson (1928)</bibRefCitation>
, who re-described the taxon, this species was originally described from a single specimen in poor condition (
<bibRefCitation id="7D290E95A0663D17D858FADC4E7BFA8E" author="Grube, A. E." box="[637,777,1300,1325]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" pagination="68 - 84" refId="ref8804" refString="Grube, A. E. (1870) Bemerkungen ueber die Amphicteneen und Amphareteen Mgn. Schles. gesellschaft fur vaterlandische cultur Breslau Jahresber, 48, 68 - 84." type="journal article" year="1870">Grube 1870</bibRefCitation>
), dredged by Fritz Müller from off Ilha de
<collectingRegion id="DB7CBD86A0663D17DED2FADC48EEFA8F" box="[1271,1436,1300,1325]" country="Brazil" name="Santa Catarina" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Santa Catarina</collectingRegion>
(formerly Desterro Island) in southern
<collectingCountry id="61AF33F4A0663D17D84EFAF04FC1FAF3" box="[619,691,1336,1361]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. According to Birger Neuhaus (personal communication), that specimen is still available at Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="19077364A0663D17DAE2FA484F51F9A7" blockId="3.[151,1437,325,2009]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">
Professor Nonato, however, examined for his thesis (
<bibRefCitation id="7D290E95A0663D17D93BFA484EC1FA3A" author="Nonato, E. F." box="[798,947,1408,1432]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" refId="ref9642" refString="Nonato, E. F. (1981) Contribuicao ao Conhecimento dos Anelideos Poliquetas Bentonicos da Plataforma Continental Brasileira, Entre Cabo Frio e o Arroio Chui. Livre-Docencia Thesis, Instituto Oceanografico, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 246 pp." type="book" year="1981">Nonato 1981</bibRefCitation>
)
<specimenCount id="0FBEB8EDA0663D17D9E6FA48492EFA3B" box="[963,1116,1408,1433]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" type="generic">38 specimens</specimenCount>
of this species, from off the northern coast of
<collectingRegion id="DB7CBD86A0663D17DB47FA6C4CA7FA1F" box="[354,469,1444,1469]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
and southern coast of
<collectingRegion id="DB7CBD86A0663D17D8FBFA6C4EF5FA1F" box="[734,903,1444,1469]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
, southeastern
<collectingCountry id="61AF33F4A0663D17DE0CFA6C4902FA1F" box="[1065,1136,1444,1469]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, slightly north of the
<typeStatus id="C603CDC6A0663D17DF49FA6D48EEFA1F" box="[1388,1436,1445,1469]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">type</typeStatus>
locality. We went through Prof. Nonatos material, but could find only one specimen of
<taxonomicName id="DEB808E7A0663D17DEAAFA004835FA42" authorityName="Grube" authorityYear="1870" box="[1167,1351,1480,1504]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pectinariidae" genus="Pectinaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="catharinensis">
<emphasis id="2BCCAF76A0663D17DEAAFA004835FA42" box="[1167,1351,1480,1504]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">A. catharinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which was used for the description above.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="19077364A0663D17DAE2F9D84FC0F9D2" blockId="3.[151,1437,325,2009]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">
The original description (
<bibRefCitation id="7D290E95A0663D17DBC6F9D84F19F98A" author="Grube, A. E." box="[483,619,1552,1577]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" pagination="68 - 84" refId="ref8804" refString="Grube, A. E. (1870) Bemerkungen ueber die Amphicteneen und Amphareteen Mgn. Schles. gesellschaft fur vaterlandische cultur Breslau Jahresber, 48, 68 - 84." type="journal article" year="1870">Grube 1870</bibRefCitation>
) and the redescription of the
<typeStatus id="C603CDC6A0663D17D991F9D94E96F98B" box="[948,996,1553,1577]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">type</typeStatus>
specimen by
<bibRefCitation id="7D290E95A0663D17DE5AF9D84854F98A" author="Nilsson, D." box="[1151,1318,1552,1577]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref9489" refString="Nilsson, D. (1928) Neue und alte Amphicteniden. Goteborgs Kunge. Vetenskaps- och Vitterhets Samhalles Handlingar, Series 4, 33, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1928">Nilsson (1928)</bibRefCitation>
compared to the specimen we examined, allowed us to evaluate some of the intraspecific variation of morphological characters, among members of
<taxonomicName id="DEB808E7A0663D17DBD0F9904FD9F9D2" authorityName="Grube" authorityYear="1870" box="[501,683,1624,1648]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pectinariidae" genus="Pectinaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="catharinensis">
<emphasis id="2BCCAF76A0663D17DBD0F9904FD9F9D2" box="[501,683,1624,1648]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">A. catharinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="19077364A0663D17DAE2F9B44F8EF8A3" blockId="3.[151,1437,325,2009]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">
The specimen studied by
<bibRefCitation id="7D290E95A0663D17DBC9F9B44FF7F936" author="Grube, A. E." box="[492,645,1660,1685]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" pagination="68 - 84" refId="ref8804" refString="Grube, A. E. (1870) Bemerkungen ueber die Amphicteneen und Amphareteen Mgn. Schles. gesellschaft fur vaterlandische cultur Breslau Jahresber, 48, 68 - 84." type="journal article" year="1870">Grube (1870)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="7D290E95A0663D17D89AF9B44E1AF936" author="Nilsson, D." box="[703,872,1660,1685]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref9489" refString="Nilsson, D. (1928) Neue und alte Amphicteniden. Goteborgs Kunge. Vetenskaps- och Vitterhets Samhalles Handlingar, Series 4, 33, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1928">Nilsson (1928)</bibRefCitation>
is larger than the one we examined,
<quantity id="DE40DE81A0663D17DF34F9B44810F936" box="[1297,1378,1660,1684]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" unit="mm" value="31.0">31 mm</quantity>
long and
<quantity id="DE40DE81A0663D17DAE2F9684C64F91A" box="[199,278,1696,1720]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
wide, and has proportionally more paleae (11 on one side, 12 on the other), more cirri on cephalic veil [40 (
<bibRefCitation id="7D290E95A0663D17DAE9F90C4C16F97E" author="Nilsson, D." box="[204,356,1732,1757]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref9489" refString="Nilsson, D. (1928) Neue und alte Amphicteniden. Goteborgs Kunge. Vetenskaps- och Vitterhets Samhalles Handlingar, Series 4, 33, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1928">Nilsson 1928</bibRefCitation>
) or 50 (
<bibRefCitation id="7D290E95A0663D17DBE5F90C4F39F97E" author="Grube, A. E." box="[448,587,1732,1757]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" pagination="68 - 84" refId="ref8804" refString="Grube, A. E. (1870) Bemerkungen ueber die Amphicteneen und Amphareteen Mgn. Schles. gesellschaft fur vaterlandische cultur Breslau Jahresber, 48, 68 - 84." type="journal article" year="1870">Grube 1870</bibRefCitation>
)] and on ventral lobe of segment 2 [10 or 16 (
<bibRefCitation id="7D290E95A0663D17DE7DF90C4996F97E" author="Grube, A. E." box="[1112,1252,1732,1757]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" pagination="68 - 84" refId="ref8804" refString="Grube, A. E. (1870) Bemerkungen ueber die Amphicteneen und Amphareteen Mgn. Schles. gesellschaft fur vaterlandische cultur Breslau Jahresber, 48, 68 - 84." type="journal article" year="1870">Grube 1870</bibRefCitation>
), or 1718 pairs (
<bibRefCitation id="7D290E95A0663D17DABBF9204C48F8A2" author="Nilsson, D." box="[158,314,1768,1793]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref9489" refString="Nilsson, D. (1928) Neue und alte Amphicteniden. Goteborgs Kunge. Vetenskaps- och Vitterhets Samhalles Handlingar, Series 4, 33, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1928">Nilsson 1928</bibRefCitation>
)], and more pairs of scaphal hooks (26).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="19077364A0663D17DAE2F8C44F14F833" blockId="3.[151,1437,325,2009]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">
The specimen we examined is much smaller,
<quantity id="DE40DE81A0663D17D8E4F8C44E62F886" box="[705,784,1804,1829]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
long and 2.5 mm wide, has 9 pairs of paleae, cephalic veil with 18 cirri on distal edge, 7 pairs of cirri on ventral lobe of segment 2, and 13 pairs of scaphal hooks. Interestingly enough,
<bibRefCitation id="7D290E95A0663D17DBB5F89D4F44F8CE" author="Nonato, E. F." box="[400,566,1876,1900]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" refId="ref9642" refString="Nonato, E. F. (1981) Contribuicao ao Conhecimento dos Anelideos Poliquetas Bentonicos da Plataforma Continental Brasileira, Entre Cabo Frio e o Arroio Chui. Livre-Docencia Thesis, Instituto Oceanografico, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 246 pp." type="book" year="1981">Nonato (1981)</bibRefCitation>
did not observe variation in this latter character, as he stated that all his
<specimenCount id="0FBEB8EDA0663D17DFA5F89C4C7EF833" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" type="generic">38 specimens</specimenCount>
had 13 pairs of scaphal hooks.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="51A220EFA0663D12DAE2F8544FE7FF59" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="495" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="19077364A0663D17DAE2F854483FF87A" blockId="3.[151,1437,325,2009]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">
<emphasis id="2BCCAF76A0663D17DAE2F8544C49F817" bold="true" box="[199,315,1948,1973]" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Remarks.</emphasis>
The most important diagnostic character for members of
<taxonomicName id="DEB808E7A0663D17D9E3F854490EF816" authorityName="Grube" authorityYear="1870" box="[966,1148,1948,1972]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pectinariidae" genus="Pectinaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="492" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="catharinensis">
<emphasis id="2BCCAF76A0663D17D9E3F854490EF816" box="[966,1148,1948,1972]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">A. catharinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the presence of a large cushion-like mid-ventral lobe with two additional pairs of smaller lobes on the crest of segment 4 (
<figureCitation id="81836FE1A0663D17DECCF808484CF87A" box="[1257,1342,1984,2009]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[209,1383,200,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[202,1387,195,1871]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Amphictene catharinensis (spec. IG-182), (A). Anterior end, dorsal view; (BD). Anterior end, right and left lateral and dorsal views, respectively, arrows in (B) and (C) point to first notopodium; (E, G). Anterior end, ventral views, under different magnifications; (F, H, I). Scaphe, ventral, dorsal and right ventro-lateral views, respectively, arrows in (F) and (H) point to anal cirrus, in (I), to anal flaps. Numbers refer to segments, tc1 and tc2 = tentacular cirri of segments 1 and 2, respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614191/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="492">Fig. 1E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="4DC723ECA0613D10DAB2F8954C65F84F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614191/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="493" startId="4.[151,250,1885,1907]" targetBox="[209,1383,200,1867]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="19077364A0613D10DAB2F8954C65F84F" blockId="4.[151,1436,1885,2029]" pageId="4" pageNumber="493">
<emphasis id="2BCCAF76A0613D10DAB2F8954C64F8D1" bold="true" box="[151,278,1885,1907]" pageId="4" pageNumber="493">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DEB808E7A0613D10DB05F8954F58F8D1" baseAuthorityName="Grube" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[288,554,1885,1907]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pectinariidae" genus="Amphictene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="493" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="catharinensis">
<emphasis id="2BCCAF76A0613D10DB05F8954F58F8D1" box="[288,554,1885,1907]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="493">Amphictene catharinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(spec. IG-182), (A). Anterior end, dorsal view; (BD). Anterior end, right and left lateral and dorsal views, respectively, arrows in (B) and (C) point to first notopodium; (E, G). Anterior end, ventral views, under different magnifications; (F, H, I). Scaphe, ventral, dorsal and right ventro-lateral views, respectively, arrows in (F) and (H) point to anal cirrus, in (I), to anal flaps. Numbers refer to segments, tc1 and tc2 = tentacular cirri of segments 1 and 2, respectively.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="4DC723ECA0603D11DAB2F86D4875F878" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614193/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="494" startId="5.[151,249,1957,1979]" targetBox="[152,1435,203,1930]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="19077364A0603D11DAB2F86D4875F878" blockId="5.[151,1436,1957,2010]" pageId="5" pageNumber="494">
<emphasis id="2BCCAF76A0603D11DAB2F86D4C61F819" bold="true" box="[151,275,1957,1979]" pageId="5" pageNumber="494">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DEB808E7A0603D11DB3FF86D4F53F819" baseAuthorityName="Grube" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[282,545,1957,1979]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pectinariidae" genus="Amphictene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="494" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="catharinensis">
<emphasis id="2BCCAF76A0603D11DB3FF86D4F53F819" box="[282,545,1957,1979]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="494">Amphictene catharinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(spec. IG-182), (AB). Paleae; (C, D). Notochaetae from anterior (a) and posterior (b) rows; (E). Notochaeta from anterior row; (F). Notochaeta from posterior row; (GI). Uncini; (J). Scaphal hooks.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="19077364A0633D12DAE2FF524FE7FF59" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,323]" pageId="6" pageNumber="495">
This species was described in the 19
<superScript id="EECDDE2CA0633D12D845FF5F4F1EFF07" attach="left" box="[608,620,151,165]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="495">th</superScript>
century and has already been reported from the states of
<collectingRegion id="DB7CBD86A0633D12DED4FF5348EAFF11" box="[1265,1432,154,179]" country="Brazil" name="Santa Catarina" pageId="6" pageNumber="495">Santa Catarina</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="DB7CBD86A0633D12DAB2FF774D94FF75" box="[151,230,191,215]" country="Brazil" name="Parana" pageId="6" pageNumber="495">Paraná</collectingRegion>
,
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and
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(
<bibRefCitation id="7D290E95A0633D12D834FF764F86FF75" author="Amaral, A. C. Z. &amp; Nallin, S. A. H. &amp; Steiner, T. M. &amp; Forroni, T. O. &amp; Gomes Filho, D." box="[529,756,190,215]" pageId="6" pageNumber="495" refId="ref8116" refString="Amaral, A. C. Z., Nallin, S. A. H., Steiner, T. M. Forroni, T. O. &amp; Gomes Filho, D. (2013) Catalogo das especies de Annelida Polychaeta do Brasil. Available from: http: // www. ib. unicamp. br / projbiota / bentos _ marinho / prod _ cien / texto _ poli. pdf (accessed 17 March 2019)" type="url" year="2013">
Amaral
<emphasis id="2BCCAF76A0633D12D857FF084FDDFF75" box="[626,687,191,215]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="495">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
) from southern to northeastern
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. As said above, the
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was re-described by
<bibRefCitation id="7D290E95A0633D12DBC2FF2A4FE0FF59" author="Nilsson, D." box="[487,658,226,251]" pageId="6" pageNumber="495" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref9489" refString="Nilsson, D. (1928) Neue und alte Amphicteniden. Goteborgs Kunge. Vetenskaps- och Vitterhets Samhalles Handlingar, Series 4, 33, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1928">Nilsson (1928)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="51A220EFA0633D12DAE2FECE4CF1FEE1" pageId="6" pageNumber="495" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="19077364A0633D12DAE2FECE4CF1FEE1" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,323]" pageId="6" pageNumber="495">
<emphasis id="2BCCAF76A0633D12DAE2FECE4C1BFEBD" bold="true" box="[199,361,262,287]" pageId="6" pageNumber="495">
<typeStatus id="C603CDC6A0633D12DAE2FECE4C70FEBD" box="[199,258,262,287]" pageId="6" pageNumber="495">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
Brazilian Economic Exclusive Zone, off the state of
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, southern
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(
<bibRefCitation id="7D290E95A0633D12DF71FECE4DA1FEE1" author="Grube, A. E." pageId="6" pageNumber="495" pagination="68 - 84" refId="ref8804" refString="Grube, A. E. (1870) Bemerkungen ueber die Amphicteneen und Amphareteen Mgn. Schles. gesellschaft fur vaterlandische cultur Breslau Jahresber, 48, 68 - 84." type="journal article" year="1870">Grube 1870</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="7D290E95A0633D12DAF8FEE24C04FEE1" author="Nilsson, D." box="[221,374,298,323]" pageId="6" pageNumber="495" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref9489" refString="Nilsson, D. (1928) Neue und alte Amphicteniden. Goteborgs Kunge. Vetenskaps- och Vitterhets Samhalles Handlingar, Series 4, 33, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1928">Nilsson 1928</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>