500 lines
63 KiB
XML
500 lines
63 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.657.11623" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1f0b53da-381b-4ca9-830c-41222a24ffa1" ID-PMC="PMC5345367" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-657-1" ID-PubMed="28331406" ID-ZBK="570CDA535D304B6383CA52E5FEFB9A08" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-657-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 657" ModsDocTitle="Redescription of Potamonautessidneyi (Rathbun, 1904) (Decapoda, Potamonautidae) and description of a new congeneric species from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa" checkinTime="1487314853425" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Peer, Nasreen, Gouws, Gavin, Lazo-Wasem, Eric, Perissinotto, Renzo & Miranda, Nelson A. F." docDate="2017" docId="9B62986B10B08A7FB1C150A56D9836B4" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 657: 1-28" docOrigin="ZooKeys 657" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.657.11623" docTitle="Potamonautes danielsi Peer & Gouws, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="D1C2B8F4-6903-4BC6-8798-36BF711B6033" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="17" masterDocId="FFA0FFAEFA35FFDBFFB1FFCE1A3AA076" masterDocTitle="Redescription of Potamonautessidneyi (Rathbun, 1904) (Decapoda, Potamonautidae) and description of a new congeneric species from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="28" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1668164241807" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Redescription of Potamonautessidneyi (Rathbun, 1904) (Decapoda, Potamonautidae) and description of a new congeneric species from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Peer, Nasreen</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Gouws, Gavin</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lazo-Wasem, Eric</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Perissinotto, Renzo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Miranda, Nelson A. F.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>657</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>28</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.657.11623</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.657.11623</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-657-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">570CDA535D304B6383CA52E5FEFB9A08</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">570CDA535D304B6383CA52E5FEFB9A08</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127896225" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D1C2B8F4-6903-4BC6-8798-36BF711B6033" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9B62986B10B08A7FB1C150A56D9836B4" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/D1C2B8F4-6903-4BC6-8798-36BF711B6033" authority="Peer & Gouws" class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi Peer & Gouws</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="8" pageNumber="9">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="type series">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Type series.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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Holotype: male, CL = 18.5 mm (Table 1), mountain stream running into the Mtamvuna River, Mtamvuna Nature Reserve (
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-31.058777">31°03'31.60"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="30.17392">30°10'26.11"E</geoCoordinate>
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; elevation 140 m), 18 November 2015, N. Miranda and N. Peer legit (SAMC A83487).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="10" start="start">Allotype</pageBreakToken>
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: female, CL = 22.8 mm (Table 1), collection details as per holotype (SAMC A83488).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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Paratypes: (Table 1) collection data same as above, SAMC A83489 (1 ♂, 1 ♀); collection data same as above, NMMU (2 ♀); Umhlanga Nature Reserve, SAMC A83490 (1 ♂, 1 ♀),
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-29.703611">29°42'13"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="31.090834">31°05'27"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 28 January 2013, N. Miranda and N. Peer legit; Oribi Gorge Nature Reserve, SAMC A83491 (2 ♂),
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-30.681944">30°40'55"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="30.307222">30°18'26"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 30 January 2013, N. Peer and J. Raw legit. Mvoti River (Makabeleni), SAM A43970 (1 ♂), CWW = 53 mm,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-29.245834">29°14'45"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="30.9375">30°56'15"E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. M. Coke on 09 Nov 1995; Pongola Bush Nature Reserve, SAM A41984 (1 ♂, 1 ♀), CWW = 46 mm (♂), 47 mm (♀),
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-27.327778">27°19'40"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="30.487501">30°29'15"E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. M. Coke and M. Protheroe on 05 Apr 1995; Mvoti River (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘Canema’">'Canema'</normalizedToken>
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below falls), SAM A43966 (1 ♂, 1 ♀), CWW = 36 mm (♂), 51 mm (♀),
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-29.166666">29°10'00"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="30.6875">30°41'15"E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. M. Coke and M. Peters on 02 May 1996; Mtamvuna Nature Reserve, SAM A44982 (1 ♂), CWW = 40 mm,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-31.045067">31°02.704'S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="30.168">30°10.080'E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. S. van Noort on 10 Nov 2000; Nwaku River (D356 Causeway near Nwaku Store), SAM A43974 (2 ♂, 1 ♀), CWW = 69 mm (♂), 55
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<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="11" start="start">mm</pageBreakToken>
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(♀),
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-28.943054">28°56'35"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="31.397223">31°23'50"E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. M. Coke on 19 Aug 1997; Umhlanga Nature Reserve, SAM A41179 (1 ♀), CWW = 41 mm,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-29.711111">29°42'40"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="31.093056">31°05'35"E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. M. Coke on 04 Aug 1994; Pandana River (Schuilhoek, near Luneburg), SAM A41976 (1 ♂), CWW = 30 mm,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-27.389444">27°23'22"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="30.515278">30°30'55"E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. M. Coke on 20 jan 1995;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Giant’s">Giant's</normalizedToken>
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Castle (Path to
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bannerman’s">Bannerman's</normalizedToken>
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Hut), SAM A44178 (1 ♀), coll. M. Hamer on 27 Mar 1995; CWW = 35 mm, Spartelspruit (above D251 Bridge), SAM A43952 (1 ♂), CWW = 62 mm,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-27.833889">27°50'02"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="30.545834">30°32'45"E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. M. Coke on 07 Sep 1997; Pandana River (Welbedacht, near Luneburg), SAM A41970 (1 ♂, 1 ♀), CWW = 52 mm (♂), 42 mm (♀),
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-27.377777">27°22'40"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="30.575">30°34'30"E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. M. Coke on 20 Jan 1995; Nuwejaarspruit tributary (Oliviershoek Pass summit, near waterfall, Drifters Inn), SAM A43944 (1 ♂, 1 ♀), CWW = 39 mm (♂), 40 mm (♀),
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-28.556944">28°33'25"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="29.055832">29°03'21"E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. B.A Stewart, P.A Cook, l. Hoenson and G. Gouws on 21 Jan 1997; Mfongosi (Zululand), SAM A41100 (1 ♂, 1 ♀), CWW = 37 mm (♂), 45 mm (♀),coll. W.C. Jones on May 1918; Mzinto River (Esperanza Bridge, near Umzinto), SAM A43946 (1 ♀), CWW = 40 mm,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-30.341112">30°20'28"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="30.980556">30°58'50"E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. Coke and Murray on 14 Jan 1998; Mgeni River (causeway near Nagle Dam), SAM A41968 (2 ♂), CWW = 65, 51 mm,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-29.652777">29°39'10"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="30.68611">30°41'10"E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. M. Coke and J. Craigie on 11 May 1995; Phongolo River (Rivierplaats, Luneburg), SAM A41969 (1 ♂, 1 ♀), CWW = 49 mm (♂), 55 mm (♀),
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-27.352777">27°21'10"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="30.453611">30°27'13"E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. M. Coke on 19 Jan 1995; Greytown pond, SAM A41972 (1 ♂), CWW = 53 mm,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-29.067501">29°04'03"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="30.590279">30°35'25"E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. M. Coke on 10 Jan 1995; Mlaas River (Maybole, near Baynesfield), SAM A41971 (1 ♂, 1 ♀), CWW = 40 mm (♂), 41 mm (♀),
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-29.73889">29°44'20"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="30.256111">30°15'22"E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. M. Coke on 07 Mar 1995; Tsakwe River (Protest, near Kempslust), SAM A41962 (1 ♂), CWW = 38 mm,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-27.45">27°27'00"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="30.520834">30°31'15"E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. M. Coke on 20 Jan 1995; Mbango River (Port Shepstone), SAM A43945 (1 ♀), CWW = 44 mm,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-30.751389">30°45'05"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="30.444443">30°26'40"E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. M. Coke on 14 Mar 1996; Umgababa River (below dam wall), SAM A43947 (1 ♀), CWW = 59 mm,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-30.147778">30°08'52"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="30.814444">30°48'52"E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. J. Craigie on 02 Oct 1997; Inzimuke River (Utrecht), SAM A43953 (1 ♂), CWW = 33 mm,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-27.629723">27°37'47"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="30.359722">30°21'35"E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. Coke and Murray on 26 Jan 1998; Upper Bouthosloop (near Mount Carmel), AM GEN246A (1 ♂, 1 ♀), CWW = 35 mm (♂),
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-25.4">25°24'00"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="30.730001">30°43'48"E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. unknown on 21 Nov 1959; Nkonzo and Mzimkulu Rivers (Underbush Farm, near Creighton), AM GEN837 (2 ♂), CWW = 39, 50 mm,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-29.970001">29°58'12"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="29.81">29°48'36"E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. C. Arter on 04 Oct 1988; Nkonzo River (at Nxumeni River confluence), AM GEN842 (1 ♂, 1 ♀), CWW = 46 mm (♂),
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-29.980001">29°58'48"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="29.85">29°51'00"E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. C. Arter on 04 Oct 1988; Mgeweni River (at Mgeni River confluence), AM GEN908 (1 ♂), CWW = 47 mm,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-29.66">29°39'36"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="30.68">30°40'48"E</geoCoordinate>
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, coll. C. Dickens and M. Coke on 04 Jan 1991.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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Figure 6. Morphological comparison of somites 5 and 6 between A
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes sidneyi" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sidneyi">Potamonautes sidneyi</taxonomicName>
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(Rathbun, 1904) and B
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
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exhibits smooth to lightly granulated carapace flanks and epibranchial regions compared to those of
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes sidneyi" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sidneyi">Potamonautes sidneyi</taxonomicName>
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s. str. which often display a pronounced scabrosity and heavy granulation. The anterolateral margin is straight and complete.
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
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has long slender pereopods and the propodi of the chelipeds are inflated in contrast to the stout pereopods and slim propodi of
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes sidneyi" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sidneyi">Potamonautes sidneyi</taxonomicName>
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s. str.
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
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has a low terminal segment length:subterminal segment length ratio of gonopod 1 compared to that of
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes sidneyi" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sidneyi">Potamonautes sidneyi</taxonomicName>
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s. str.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="12" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
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of holotype.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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Carapace (Figs 7A, C, 9B). Cephalothorax flat (CH/CL = 0.49), wide (CWW/CL = 1.34), almost rectangular in frontal aspect. Branchial region flat forming angle with anterolateral margin. Anterior margin straight, smooth
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<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="13" start="start">with</pageBreakToken>
|
||
occasional faint granulation. Urogastric, cervical and intestinal grooves well-defined; cardiac and branchial grooves well-defined where attached to urogastric and cervical grooves, becoming poorly defined and faint towards edge of carapace. Epigastric lobes poorly defined above postfrontal crest; two slight indentations present, forked from midpoint of postfrontal crest. Postfrontal crest slightly granulated at branchial region, straight and distinct from epibranchial region to midpoint, curving downward at epibranchial region. Exorbital teeth present; no epibranchial teeth present. Flank of carapace scabrous, well-defined epimeral sutures dividing pterygostomial region from subhepatic and suborbital regions, well-defined pleural groove dividing subhepatic region from suborbital region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Figure 7.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. male holotype CWW 25.8 mm (SAMC A83487) A dorsal view, B ventral view, and C cephalothorax, frontal aspect. Scale bar: 10 mm. Photos: Nasreen Peer.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Sternites (Fig. 7B). Sternites 1 and 2 fused, first sulcus (s1/s2) absent. Second sulcus (s2/s3) prominent, running completely across sternum, third sulcus (s3/s4) projecting downwards medially to abdominopelvic region. Sulci and episternal sulci thereafter well-defined but shallow.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Third maxillipeds (Fig. 7C, 8E). Filling entire buccal frame except for oval respiratory openings medially above maxilliped. Ischium scabrous, with wide groove running vertically. Flagellum on exopod very long, curved to form a loop.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Mandibular palp (Fig. 8C, D). Consisting of two segments; terminal segment smooth and undivided, with hirsute margins; dense tuft of setae emerging from base. Subterminal segment enlarged distally then compressed at joint with terminal segment.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Figure 8.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. male holotype CWW 25.8 mm (SAMC A83487). A major cheliped B minor cheliped C right mandibular palp posterior view D right mandibular palp anterior view E 3rd maxilliped F left gonopod 1 anterior view G left gonopod 1 posterior view H left gonopod 2 anterior view, and I left gonopod 2 posterior view. Scale bars: 10 mm (A, B), 2 mm (C, D), 5 mm (E), 5 mm (F,G, H, I). Photos: Nasreen Peer.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pereopods (Figs 7A, B, 8A, B). No substantial heterochely (CRDL/CLDL = 1.04). Dactyl of major cheliped slightly arched; small slim interspace formed when closed in major and minor chelipeds. Twenty-five cutting teeth present on dactyl of major cheliped; 4 larger and more prominent than the rest. Propodus inflated (CRPW/CRPL = 0.46), exhibiting 20 cutting teeth. Carpus on either side containing one prominent tooth followed by one small tooth. Meri strongly granulated at margins. Pereopods 2 (ML/MW = 2.59) and 5 (ML/MW = 2.66) moderately slender; pereopods 3 and 4 equal in length and longest among pereopods; pereopod 5 shortest. Ventral margins of meri smooth; ventral margins of propodi serrated; dorsal margins of meri and propodi bearing fine bristles; dactyli serrated, ending in sharp points.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pleon (Figs 6B, 7B). Somites 1-6 four-sided with distally-rounded triangular terminal somite (telson). First 5 somites broad and short; somite 6 longer, about 1.6 times as wide as long, distal margins straight or slightly concave, lateral margins slanted towards medial line, lateral margins swell slightly at articulation with somite 5; telson terminally rounded, lateral margins concave, swell at articulation with somite 6; hirsute lateral margins</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Pleopods (Fig. 8F, G, H, I). Gonopod 1 widest at base; both subterminal and terminal segments tapering, ending with sharp point. Medial margin fairly straight; lateral margin concave relative to midline; both margins hirsute. Groove extending to almost entire length of gonopod, visible on dorsal surface, lined with setae. Gonopod 1 terminal segment short (0.21 times length of subterminal segment), curving away from midline when viewed dorsally. Gonopod 2 consisting of two segments. Distal segment very long (0.67 times length of basal segment), slim; basal segment with wide
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="14" start="start">elongated</pageBreakToken>
|
||
base sharply becoming narrow around 0.4 of length; narrow process forming at this point leading to distal segment. Gonopod 2 fairly straight, barely curving outward when viewed ventrally; curving slightly inward towards medial line at tips of distal segment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Variation. The species appears to be extremely variable, with the northernmost Mhlanga population more closely resembling
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes sidneyi" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sidneyi">Potamonautes sidneyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
s. str. rather than the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. holotype. The epibranchial corners of the Mhlanga type are scabrous and granulated. Granulation, however, is not as pronounced as in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes sidneyi" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sidneyi">Potamonautes sidneyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
s. str. and no fine hairs are observed on the carapace. The terminal segments of both gonopods in the Mhlanga type are also more curved (typical of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes sidneyi" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sidneyi">Potamonautes sidneyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
s. str.), as opposed to straight (typical of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The flagellum on the exopod of the third maxilliped is highly variable. In the Mtamvuna population, the flagellum is long and curves backward to form a loop in some specimens. In both the Oribi and Mhlanga populations this is not seen. Instead, the flagellum curves upwards, similar to the pattern observed in most other potamonautid species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Live colouration. Variable. Carapace colour ranges from purple to reddish-brown to greenish-brown. Carapace and pereopods are fairly uniform in colour with tips of dactyli and chelipeds usually displaying a lighter orange colour.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Currently known to extend from Mhlanga (Durban North) to the Mtamvuna River on the northern border of Pondoland (southern KZN), based on recent sampling and the results published in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gouws, G" journalOrPublisher="Koedoe" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 12" title="MtDNA lineage diversity of a potamonautid freshwater crab in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.4102/koedoe.v57i1.1324" volume="57" year="2015">Gouws et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Morphological examination of museum specimens shows that this species is also present in the Mpumalanga Province.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="holotype locality">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Holotype locality.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal: Mtamvuna Nature Reserve (
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-31.00639">31°00'23"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="30.153334">30°09'12"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">The species is named after Professor Savel Daniels in recognition of his valuable contribution to knowledge of freshwater crabs in southern Africa.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. is easily distinguished from most other South African
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Potamonautes</taxonomicName>
|
||
species.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes dentatus" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentatus">Potamonautes dentatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Stewart, Coke & Cook, 1995,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes parvispina" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvispina">Potamonautes parvispina</taxonomicName>
|
||
Stewart, 1997,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes unispinus" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unispinus">Potamonautes unispinus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Stewart & Cook, 1998,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes warreni" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="warreni">Potamonautes warreni</taxonomicName>
|
||
Calman, 1918 and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes calcaratus" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcaratus">Potamonautes calcaratus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Gordon, 1929) all bear dentate anterolateral margins or epibranchial corners (cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Stewart, BA" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Crustacean Biology" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="558 - 568" title="Potamonautesdentatus, new species, a fresh-water crab (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae) from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/1548776" volume="15" year="1995">Stewart et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 1, 2J; cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Stewart, BA" journalOrPublisher="Crustaceana" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="737 - 753" title="Biochemical and morphological evidence for a new species of river crab Potamonautesparvispina sp. n. (Brachyura, Potamonautidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/156854097X00168" volume="70" year="1997">Stewart 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 2A, 8, 9A; cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Stewart, BA" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Crustacean Biology" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="556 - 571" title="Identification of a new species of river crab (Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamonautidae) from South Africa using morphological and genetic data." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/193724098X00386" volume="18" year="1998">Stewart and Cook 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 2A, 2D, 6, 7A; cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gordon, I" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="405 - 411" title="A new river-crab of the subgenusPotamonautes from Portuguese East Africa." volume="3" year="1929">Gordon 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 1), while
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
has an angular epibranchial corner and slightly scabrous anterolateral margin (Figs 7, 9B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Figure 9. Morphological comparison of carapace features between A
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes perlatus" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perlatus">Potamonautes perlatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and B
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes clarus" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clarus">Potamonautes clarus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gouws, Stewart & Coke, 2000,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes depressus" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressus">Potamonautes depressus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Krauss, 1843),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes tuerkayi" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuerkayi">Potamonautes tuerkayi</taxonomicName>
|
||
Wood & Daniels, 2016,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes brincki" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brincki">Potamonautes brincki</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Bott, 1960),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes flavusjo" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavusjo">Potamonautes flavusjo</taxonomicName>
|
||
Daniels, Phiri & Bayliss, 2014,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes isimangaliso" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="isimangaliso">Potamonautes isimangaliso</taxonomicName>
|
||
Peer & Gouws, 2015 and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes lividus" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lividus">Potamonautes lividus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gouws, Stewart & Reavell, 2001 all have smooth anterolateral margins and smooth, rounded epibranchial corners (cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gouws, G" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Crustacean Biology" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="743 - 758" title="Evidence for a new species of river crab (Decapoda, Brachyura, Potamonautidae) from the Drakensberg, South Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/20021975-99990096" volume="20" year="2000">Gouws et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 5G, 6, 7A; cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Krauss, F" journalOrPublisher="E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, Germany" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" title="Suedafrikanischen Crustaceen. Eine Zusammenstellung aller bekannten Malacostraca, Bemerkungen ueber deren Liebenswiese und geographische Verbreitung, nebst beschreibung und Abbildung mehrer neuen arten" year="1843">Krauss 1843</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: table II fig. 4; cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bott, R" editor="Hanstroem, B" journalOrPublisher="Almqvist & Wiksells, Uppsala" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="13 - 18" title="South African animal life: Results of the Lund University expedition in 1950 - 1951" year="1960">Bott 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 1-4; cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Daniels, SR" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="356 - 369" title="Renewed sampling of inland aquatic habitats in southern Africa yields two novel freshwater crab species (Decapoda: Potamonautidae: Potamonautes)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12139" volume="171" year="2014">Daniels et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 6, 7; cf. Peer et al. 2015: fig. 4; cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gouws, G" journalOrPublisher="Crustaceana" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="137 - 160" title="A new species of freshwater crab (Decapoda, Potamonautidae) from the swamp forests of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: biochemical and morphological evidence." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/156854001750096256" volume="74" year="2001">Gouws et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 5A, 6, 7A), while
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. has an angular epibranchial corner and a slightly scabrous anterolateral margin (Figs 7, 9B). Additionally,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="15" start="start">has</pageBreakToken>
|
||
a more vaulted carapace (CL/CH = 1.9-2.3) compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes depressus" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressus">Potamonautes depressus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(CL/CH = 1.6-1.8), but a flatter carapace compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes isimangaliso" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="isimangaliso">Potamonautes isimangaliso</taxonomicName>
|
||
(CL/CH = 2.3-2.6).
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes brincki" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brincki">Potamonautes brincki</taxonomicName>
|
||
is confined to the Western Cape.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes clarus" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clarus">Potamonautes clarus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes tuerkayi" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuerkayi">Potamonautes tuerkayi</taxonomicName>
|
||
are typically bright orange with highly arched dactyls creating a large interspace when chelipeds are closed (cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gouws, G" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Crustacean Biology" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="743 - 758" title="Evidence for a new species of river crab (Decapoda, Brachyura, Potamonautidae) from the Drakensberg, South Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/20021975-99990096" volume="20" year="2000">Gouws et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 6A, B, 7C). Conversely,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
varies in colour from brown to purple but no orange specimens have been collected, while dactyls are moderately arched forming a slim interspace when closed (Figs 7A, 8A, B).
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes flavusjo" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavusjo">Potamonautes flavusjo</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes lividus" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lividus">Potamonautes lividus</taxonomicName>
|
||
are distinctly coloured (yellow pereopods, and orange pereopods with a blue carapace respectively), with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes flavusjo" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavusjo">Potamonautes flavusjo</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurring in the Mpumalanga Highveld and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes lividus" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lividus">Potamonautes lividus</taxonomicName>
|
||
mainly in northern KwaZulu-Natal and the Eastern Cape (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gouws, G" journalOrPublisher="Crustaceana" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="137 - 160" title="A new species of freshwater crab (Decapoda, Potamonautidae) from the swamp forests of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: biochemical and morphological evidence." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/156854001750096256" volume="74" year="2001">Gouws et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gouws, G" journalOrPublisher="Koedoe" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 12" title="MtDNA lineage diversity of a potamonautid freshwater crab in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.4102/koedoe.v57i1.1324" volume="57" year="2015">2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Daniels, SR" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="356 - 369" title="Renewed sampling of inland aquatic habitats in southern Africa yields two novel freshwater crab species (Decapoda: Potamonautidae: Potamonautes)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12139" volume="171" year="2014">Daniels et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but also in Swaziland (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Daniels, SR" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="498 - 509" title="Neglected refugia of biodiversity: mountainous regions in Mozambique and Malawi yield two novel freshwater crab species (Potamonautidae: Potamonautes)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00773.x" volume="164" year="2012">Daniels and Bayliss 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes parvicorpus" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvicorpus">Potamonautes parvicorpus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Daniels, Stewart & Burmeister, 2001 also has rounded epibranchial corners, although it bears a slightly granulated anterolateral margin (cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Daniels, SR" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica Scripta" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="181 - 197" title="Geographic patterns of genetic and morphological divergence amongst populations of a river crab (Decapoda, Potamonautidae) with the description of a new species from mountain streams in the Western Cape, South Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1463-6409.2001.00061.x" volume="30" year="2001">Daniels et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 10, 11A). It also differs in location occurring only in the Western Cape.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
shares outward similarities with
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes perlatus" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perlatus">Potamonautes perlatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(H. Milne Edwards, 1837),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes granularis" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granularis">Potamonautes granularis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Daniels, Stewart & Gibbons, 1998,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes sidneyi" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sidneyi">Potamonautes sidneyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
Rathbun, 1904,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes barbarai" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbarai">Potamonautes barbarai</taxonomicName>
|
||
Phiri & Daniels, 2014, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes barnardi" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barnardi">Potamonautes barnardi</taxonomicName>
|
||
Phiri & Daniels, 2014. All the above-mentioned species display an angular epibranchial corner with granulation or scabrosity and prominent postfrontal crests (fig. 4A; cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Daniels, SR" journalOrPublisher="Crustaceana" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="885 - 903" title="Potamonautesgranularis sp. n. (Brachyura, Potamonautidae), a new cryptic species of river crab from the Olifants River System, South Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/156854098X00905" volume="71" year="1998">Daniels et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 2A, 10, 11A; cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rathbun, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Nouvelles Archives du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="163 - 166" title="Les crabes d'eau douce (Potamonidae)." volume="6" year="1904">Rathbun 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: plate XIV fig. 5; cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Daniels, SR" journalOrPublisher="Crustaceana" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="885 - 903" title="Potamonautesgranularis sp. n. (Brachyura, Potamonautidae), a new cryptic species of river crab from the Olifants River System, South Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/156854098X00905" volume="71" year="1998">Daniels et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 2F). Additionally, these five species are typically widespread, large, robust species occurring from the middle to lower reaches of rivers.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes granularis" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granularis">Potamonautes granularis</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
in that it consistently exhibits orange-tipped chelipeds, the branchial region is highly convex and the anterior margin curves heavily inwards at the midpoint (cf. Daniels et
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="15" pageNumber="16" start="start">al</pageBreakToken>
|
||
. 1998: figs 2A, 10, 11A), while
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not always have orange-tipped chelipeds, has a flatter branchial region and a fairly straight anterior margin (Fig. 7A).
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes perlatus" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perlatus">Potamonautes perlatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes barbarai" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbarai">Potamonautes barbarai</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes barnardi" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barnardi">Potamonautes barnardi</taxonomicName>
|
||
are morphologically indistinct (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Phiri, EE" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="310 - 332" title="Disentangling the divergence and cladogenesis in the freshwater crab species (Potamonautidae: Potamonautesperlatussensu lato) in the Cape Fold Mountains, South Africa, with the description of two novel cryptic lineages." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12103" volume="170" year="2014">Phiri and Daniels 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and all differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
slightly (Fig. 9). The main difference lies in the anterior margin, which is similar in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes sidneyi" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sidneyi">Potamonautes sidneyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
s. str.,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes perlatus" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perlatus">Potamonautes perlatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes barbarai" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbarai">Potamonautes barbarai</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes barnardi" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barnardi">Potamonautes barnardi</taxonomicName>
|
||
. When viewed dorsally, the anterior margin of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. lies relatively straight with a slight forward projection medially (Fig. 9B). The anterior margins of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes perlatus" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perlatus">Potamonautes perlatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes barbarai" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbarai">Potamonautes barbarai</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes barnardi" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barnardi">Potamonautes barnardi</taxonomicName>
|
||
all contain a concavity in the crest behind each orbit so that a wide
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“W”">"W"</normalizedToken>
|
||
is formed (Fig. 9A). The orbits of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
are deeper set than the orbits of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes perlatus" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perlatus">Potamonautes perlatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes barbarai" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbarai">Potamonautes barbarai</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes barnardi" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barnardi">Potamonautes barnardi</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Additionally, the epibranchial corner of the former is more angular while those of the latter species group are slightly more rounded. However, even here variation across populations makes it difficult to differentiate between these species based solely on morphology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes sidneyi" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sidneyi">Potamonautes sidneyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
s. str. are difficult to distinguish based on morphology alone, as key characters often overlap. The type specimens of the two species exhibit marked differences i.e.: 1)
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. has a smoother or slightly granulated anterolateral margin with a smoother or scabrous epibranchial region (fig. 7A), while
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes sidneyi" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sidneyi">Potamonautes sidneyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
s. str. typically has a heavily granulated anterolateral margin with a
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="16" pageNumber="17" start="start">highly</pageBreakToken>
|
||
scabrous branchial region (plate XIV fig 5-Rathbun, 1904; fig. 4A) and even bears fine hairs on the carapace in some populations; 2) the propodi of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. are inflated (Fig. 8A, B) while those of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes sidneyi" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sidneyi">Potamonautes sidneyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
s. str. are slender (Fig. 5A, B); 3)
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. has a high terminal segment length: subterminal segment length of gonopod 2 (Fig. 8H, I) and a low terminal segment length: subterminal segment length of gonopod 1 (Fig. 8F, G), while
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes sidneyi" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sidneyi">Potamonautes sidneyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
s. str. has a lower terminal segment length: subterminal segment length of gonopod 2 (Fig. 5H, I) and a higher terminal segment length: subterminal segment length of gonopod 1 (Fig. 5F, G); 4)
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. bears slim pereopods (Figs 7A, B) as opposed to the stout limbs of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes sidneyi" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sidneyi">Potamonautes sidneyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
s. str. (Figs 4A, B). However, across the known range of distribution these individual characters vary significantly, with one species resembling the other on occasions. Their separation, thus, requires the inclusion of the whole suite of key characters including the shape and width of the carapace, the inflation of the propodi, the slenderness of the pereopods, the terminal segment length:subterminal segment length ratio of gonopod 1, and the shape of gonopod 1. The granulation of the carapace alone is not a reliable distinguishing character to tell these two species apart. Following morphometric analyses, the new species was distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes sidneyi" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sidneyi">Potamonautes sidneyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
s. str. mainly by the carapace variables CWA, CL and CH, which contributed the most to distinguishing between the two forms in the discriminant analysis (Fig. 2). The classification functions for both species were as follows:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Y(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.) = 620.17(LogCWA)-1349.21(LogCL)-362.50(LogCH)-382.53
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Y(
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes sidneyi" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sidneyi">Potamonautes sidneyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
s. str.) = 765.23(LogCWA)-1491.17(LogCL)-305.94(LogCH)-420.01
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Individuals were then reassigned to groups based on a priori probabilities, using these classification functions. Ninety-one percent (91%) of the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes danielsi" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielsi">Potamonautes danielsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. individuals and 95% of the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Potamonautidae" genus="Potamonautes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Potamonautes sidneyi" order="Decapoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sidneyi">Potamonautes sidneyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
s. str. individuals were correctly classified, with only three and one individuals being reassigned to the other species, respectively. The following three regressions were used to support the distinction between the two species: A. P2ML/P2MW, B. CRPW/CRPL, and C. CWA/CL (Fig. 3a, b, c). Regression analyses showed that the two species are significantly distinct using these morphological regressions (P2ML/P2MW-SS = 0.62, df = 1, F = 581, p <0.001; CRPW/CRPL-SS = 1.11, df = 1, F = 939, p <0.001; CWA/CL-SS = 0.59, df = 1, F = 2923, p <0.001).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |